Eastern Middle Georgia

GEORGIA, 

THE CREAM 



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OF THE 



Soutblanb. 



ISSUED BY THE 




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UliuKGIA STATE CAlliol^, Al All>A.NiA. 






SEE INSIDE PHGE OF BACK COVER. 



FOR FURTHER INFORMATION, 

APPLY TO OR ADDRESS 

Gov. W. J. NORTHEN, Manager, 

Georgia Immigration and Invesiment Bureau, 

403 and 401 Equitable Building, Atlanta, Oa. 
A. C. JACKSON, Gen. Pass. Agent, Augusta, Ga. 

Or to any of parties named in County descriptions, pages 17-30, 

Or to any of Station Agents named on -page i'4. 

Or, during Cotton States and International Exposition, to 
W. C. BOYKIN, Manager Ga. R. R. Exhibit, 

Transportation Building fnear Lobby on Lake). Atlanta, Ga. 



Printed ariil Solii by Browne, Cushney &. McCafT^rty, C; 



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GEORGIA RAIL-RQAO. AUf'USTA DEPOT. 

I 2if rtiiSttif, in irood order, from ^^ 

^^^ (N'ot responsible for Leakaj;e of Liquida. or Breakage of Crockery or Glass Ware.) < 



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Forwarding Agent Geo. R. Road. 



FAC-SIMILE OP ONE OF THE OLDBST RAILROAD SHIPPING RECEIPTS IN EXISTENCE. 



Compiled by W. C. Boykin, Augusta, Ga , September, 1895. Printed by Richards & Shaver, Augusta,{Ga. 



THE SOUTH. 



7(.s Wuatlcrful Resources and Climate, 



TTTHE Honorable Cbaunoey M. Depew, of N»w York, ia 

^ I ^ so address to the Alamni Auociation of Yala Uaiver- 
iity, said of bis recent tour tbrougb tbeSoatbern States: 
"Tbe net result of tbis visit to tbe Soatb, to my miod, is 
ioat tbis, tbat the Soutb is tbe Bonanza of tbe future. We 
have developed all tbe great and sudden opportunities for 
wealtb^-or moatof tbem — in the Northwestern States and on 
tbe Pacific Slope, bat here ia a vast country ttitli iKe but 
elimate in iHe world, with condiliont of health which are abio- 
lutely unparalclUd, witb vast foresU untouched, with enor- 
mous veiuj of coal and iron which have yet not known any- 
thing beyond their original conditions, with loil that under 
proper cultivation, for little capital, can support a tremendous 
population : with conditions in tbe atmosphere fur com/or- 
lahle living winter and summer, which esittt nowhere elte in 
the country." 

These are the words of one of tbe most distinguished 
Americans, and do not exap^erate tbe facts. 

Surrounded by close Seaports, and at the very door of all 
tbe markets of tbe world, with ineibaustible quantities of 
coal, iron and otber minerals and building stones, and tbe 
timber reserve of tbe whole country ; with tbe healthiest 
climate of the country, as shown by the Census Mortality 
Reports ; with fertile soil at a nominal price, and easily 
cnltivaied ; and with climatic and atmospheric conditions 
tbat reduce the cost of living to a minimum, and enables the 
agriculturist to raise two to three crops a year of every pro- 
duct known in agriculture, and tbat admits of out-door work 
nearly every day in tbe year. What a contrast the Soutb 
presents to the cold bleak regions of the North and North- 
west, and the isolated far West? Who wonders at its rapid 
rise from tbe terrible devastations of war, unaided by tbe 
ontside world on account of sectional prejudices? Why 
should any one be surpriaed at its great progress during tbe 
last decade? Who doubts now that sectional prejudices bave 
disappeared, and the tide of emigration has turned Southward, 
tbat tbe fjontb is destined to be the richest portion of the 
country iu the near future? 

The Soutb is progressing rapidly. In 1880, the total 
value of its farm producU was $666,000,000, and ISf'" 
1773,000,000, a gain of 16 per cent., while the gain of all i : 
remainder of the country was only 9 per cent. Inl88i' 
had invested in manufacturing $.'57,241,561, and in lb < 
$659,008,817, a gain of loG per cent, against 120 per cent. !,: 
all the remainder of tbe couutry. In 1890 the South had 
13,182,000,000 invested in farm interests, and tbe total pro- 
ductions were $773,000,000, or a gross revenue of 24 per cent, 
on tbe capital invested against a revenue of only 13 per cent, 
on tbe amount invested in all tbe remainder of the country, 
thowing that the Southern Jarmer geti a revenue of twice oi 
much from Ihb amount invettedoB the balance of the country. 
The South is naturally an agricu.lural country. The va- 
riety of crops is unlimited, while the North is limited to a few 
crops. Twice tbe acreage can be cultivated in the South that 
can be cultivated in tbe North witb tbe same expense. Tbe 
freight to market from the South is not more than onetbird 
as much as from the far We&tern States. Tbe South bas stood 
all tbe financial panics better than any other section. It has 
borrowed lees money than any otber section, and to-day is 
clearer of debt than any. Its future is brilliant, and it is on 
the threshold of au era of great prosperity and development 




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GEORGIA 



The Empire State ot the Soutb. 



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ITH an area of 59,500 milef, 

ded into 137 counties; 

Georgia comprises a territory 

31o miles long by 250 wide, and is the 

largest State east of tbe Mississippi 

River. 

It has a population of 1,837,353 (Census of 1890); an 
apsessed valuation of property (Tsx Digest) of $421,000,000; 
eight cities, with an apcrfgaie ptpulaiion of 300,000; eight 
navigable rners and 5.300 milis of railioad. In these it ex- 
ceeds any other Southern Stale east ol the Mittifsippi River, 
and IS well worthy of the title of "The Empire State of tbe 
South.'" It aleo has tbe largest agricultural pioduction; the 
most eZleDf'ive manufacturing inteietts, especially id cotton 
goods and lumber; a vast tuppiy andgrtat variety of timber 
a great variety of extensive mineral dej ceils ; eitencive tnp- 
plies of marble, bnilding stcne, fire clays, and numerous and 
extensive water ]>oweie. 



It has 27 tne colleges {besides colleges for colored people) 
and one of the most complete systems of graded free schools 
in the country is maintained at an annual expense of abont 
$1,400,000 to the State, with separate schools for negroes. 

The Government Weather Bureau Reports show that 
Georgia has the most uniform temperature, uniform and well 
distributed rainfall and equable climate of all the States, 
with no extreme heat in summer or cold in winter. 

The Census of 1890 shows that Georgia is one oj Ihe heal- 
thlett Stales in the Umon, the death rate being 1.15 against 
an average of 1.26 for all the balance of the States, and 1.55 
for New York, 1.77 for Massachusetts, 1.49 for Pennsylvania 
and 1,33 lor Illinois. 

Its people are among the most progressive in the Unipn, 

and Georgia has led all other Southern States in enterprise 

and material development, by reason of which it is frequently 

called the "Yankee" State of the South. It has a great pros- 

• poet in the immediate future. 

Of 38 millions of acres of land in the State, about 10 mil- 
liont of improved or open land and 10 milliona of unimproved 
landt are available for agricultural purposes, all of which can 
be bought cheap, on easy terms, and Georgia offers great 
advantages to the agriculturist^ fruit grower and home feeker, 
while vast undeveloped resources furnish great opportunities 
for the capitalist. 

Extending 300 miles, from the Atlantic Ocean to the 
summit of the Blue Ridge Mountains, it has the most gradual 
slope, and occupies the best position on the great Atlantic 
slope of any of the Atlantic States. 

The topography of the State shows three distinct belts or 
levels. The first extends from the Atlantic Seaboard and 
Florida line to a line drawn from the head of navigation of 
the Savannah River at Augusta, thence to the head of navi- 
gation of the Ocmulgee River at Macon, thence through 
Houston county to the head of navigation of the Chattahoochee 
River at Columbus, and comprises the "Pine or Coast Belt,'' 
with generally sandy and loam soils and pine timber pre- 
dominating. 

The second level extends north from the line drawn 
from Augusta via Macon to Columbus, to the Chattahoochee 
River, where this river crosses the State from Habersham 
county on the South Carolina line to Heard county on the 
Alabama line, and is known as "Middle Georgia." This em- 
braces one of the most advantageous sections in the United 
States, all things considered, and is described in detail herein- 
after under the head of '' Eastern Middle Georgia." 

The third level embraces all the balance of the State 
northwest from where the Chattahoochee River crosses the 
State to the Tennessee and North Carolina lines, and com- 
prises the mountainous region. 

These levels ara illustrated by the following diagram : 



BASTBRN-MIDDLE GEORGIA, 

The Cream of the Southland. 




a to d — Great Atlantic Slope through Georgia. 

a to B — 1st level, or Pine Belt. 

B to C— 2d level, or MiddU Gee^rgia. 

C to d — 3d level, or Mountain Region. 

Elevations above sea at B, 330 feet: at C. .WO to 1.100: .it cl. 2,400 ft. 



@F THE three great State divisions or levels described in 
the preceding pages, "Middle Georgia," or the second 
level, is specially favored by nature, and comprises a 
section long noted for a combination of natural advantages 
scarcely equaled by any other section in great America. 

There are at least few, if any, sections in the entire 
United States where the advantages of naturally productive 
soil, uniform temperature, uniform and wrll distriiiuted rain- 
fall, healthy climate, perfect drainage and water supply, ex- 
tensive water powers, extensive variety and supply of timber, 
extraordinary educational facilities, close proximity to the 
markets and seaboard, and superior transportation facilities, 
are all so well combined as m the Eastern half of Middle 
Georgia, which is traversed by the Georgia Railroad 
System, and the particular section hereinafter referred to. 

This splendid territory, which we designate Eastern 
Middle Georgia, embraces within a rad'ous of seventy-two 
miles twenty-four of the best counties in the State, and four 
out of eight of the principal cities of the State, consisting of 
Atlanta, the magnificent capital city and one of the most 
enterprising American cities, with a popnlation of about 
100,000 ; Augu.sta, one of the largest manufacturing and 
most progressive and beautiful cities in the South, with it.s 
magnificent water-power canal and 50,000 population; Macon, 
a most attractive and enterprising commercial and manufac- 
turing city, with its colleges and 35,000 population: Athens, 
the prettv and classic city, with its fine colleges and schools 
and 12,000 population ; also, seventeen smaller towns of im- 
portance, and a manufacturing interest representing an ag- 
gregate investment of twenty millions of dollars. Yet the 
resources of this territory are not one third developed, and it 
lias about two millions of acres of splendid surplus lands, im- 
proved and unimproved, available tor agricultural pnrpoFos, 
at a very low price, and on easy terms; also an extensive 
timber supply, and hundreds of undeveloped water-powers, 
while the opportunity for profitable industrial enterprife is 
almost unlimited. 

Surely this is an inviting country to the home-seeker 
and capitalist. 

TOPOGRAPHY. 

As shown by the preceding diagram. Eastern Middle 
Georgia is embraced in the second level of the Atlantic slope. 

Starting at the heights that overlook Angusta, where 
the elevation is 330 feet above the sea, the country extends 
west in a gradual rise to an elevation of 1,055 feet above the 
sea level at Atlanta, and 1,100 feet at Gainesville, an average 
distance of about 144 miles in a direct line. 

The country is generally rolling, with sections compara- 
tively level, and others more or less rough, the fttrmer in the 
lower or middle sections and the latter in the upper sections. 
While the country on the border of the mountainous belt is 
essentially rough in places, there are large areas of sloping 
uplands and fertile valleys easily cultivated, with only a 
small percentage of waste lands. 

The lands as a whole may be classed into table lands, 
shallow valleys, plateaux, bottoms, ridges and sloping lands, 
with some waste hillsides. 



Naturally Fertile Soil. 



Ths Savannah. OconM and Ocmalgee RiTen, all flowing 
in a soalheaat«rD direction, form the waterahedt for this por- 
tion of tha State, ami in evury county many branchei, creeki 
andimall riven dow rapidly, over clay or rocky beds, to theee 
rivers, farnisbing perfect drainage and an nnsurpaased water 
supply for stock and all purposes, as well as nnmerous water 
powsis. 

The Savannah River, which form" the eaetern boundary 
of this region, as well as the liuuudaryhne between Georgia 
and South Carolina, la the eighth river in size in the United 
States. Starting nearly at the summit of the Bine Kidge 
Mountains, it cuts through this rolling country, and its bed is 
marked at frequent intervals by the presence of tiaveree rock 
ledges of greater or less fall over which the water passes from 
one comparative level to another. The same is to some ex- 
tent the case with the Oconee and Ucmulgee Rivers, bnt the 
fall of the latter two rivers is not so marked as that of the 
Savannah, except at greater intervals. The valleys along 
these rivers, and largest creeks ihat empty into them, are 
marked by two levels, both of which are very fertile. 

SOIL. 

The soil varies greatly, taking the territory as a whole, 
and may be classed deep red clay, dark gray, dark and light 
gravel, mulatto, dark alluvial loam and light sandy, the 
largest proportion being deep red clay and dark gray. The 
deep red clay and mulatio have a depth of eight to sixteen 
inches, underlaid with a tough red clay, and the dark gray 
has a depth of seven to fourteen inches, sometimes more, nn- 




SECOND CROP IRISH I'OTAKIES— T W. MtKlE, .J.ugujta, G». 



derlaid with yellowinh clay suLmuiI. The dark giay is not so 
durable a-* the red lands, but is more generous in giving tip 
iis plant food, and recuperates more rapidly. The alluvial 
loam varies materially in depth, but is generally very deep 
and is underlaid with a tough bluish clay, sometimes yellow. 
The sandy and gravelly lands are generally fifteen to twenty 
inches in deiith and underlaid with a coarse grained clay that 
shows decided cerueuting qualities. The gray and sandy 
lands do not hold moisture like red lands, but are warmer, 
which makes them best suited for vegetables and certain 
classes of fruits. 

The sandy loam and gray soils are found mostly in Rich- 
mond, Columbia. McI>Lf1ie, Warren, Hancock and Taliaferro 
connties. comprising the lower portion of the belt, while Ihe 
upper counties of Jackton, Hall, Gwinnett. Oconee and Wal- 
ton have the largest profortion of led clay soil; h'U these 
lower counties have red and dark gray soil, while in some of 
the rough upper sections even sandy soil is fouud. 

The home-seeker will, of course, find some poor lands in 
this territory. Under the system of farming the same lands 
every year without any pretence of permanent manuring or 
improvement, some of the lands, naturally fertile, have been 
impoverished and run down; but it cannot be denied that 
some of the most fertile lands in the whole country are foond 
here, and most of ihe soil is, without question, naturally pro- 
ductive, easily enriched and cultivated, and much superior 
to the average landc. 

TEMPERATURE AND RAINFALL. 

The meteorological observations taken by the United 
States Weather Bureau for liie last ten years show the fol- 
lowing temperature, rain'all and humidity for Middle Georgia: 

Mean Rain^'all Average 

'I'etiip. In inches. per month. 

Winter months 47.0 11 »< 8.S8 

Spring months 63.7 12.43 t.U 

Summer m'jnths 79.6 14.18 4.71 

Autumn months 64.1 9.69 I.SS 

Mean annual humidity, 63.67. 

A comparison of this range of temperature with that of 
many of the Northern States, and even the Southern States, 
fhows a great uniformity in favor of Middle Georgia, with 
less extremes than almost any section of the country. The 
averatre temperature for Central Ohio for January is 28, and 
for July 75 degrees, against 46 and 79 degrees respectively 
for Middle Georgia, bhowing a variation of 47 degrees for the 
Ohio section and 33 degrees for the Georgia section, with an 
excess of only 4 degrees in July for the Tatter section, while 
the Ohio section is 19 degrees colder in January. 

The temperatnre here is not snbject to rapid changes as 
it is in the North and West — an stdvants,';e to be greatly 
appreciated. Although the inmmers of Middle Georgia are 
three weeks longer than in the Norih, and the summer tem- 
perature is 4 degrees higher, we are free from the extreme 
hot waves that occur in the North with such fatal re.iulta to 
man and beast. The temperature here rarelv ever exceeds 
94, while frequently it exceeds 100 in the Middle States, and 
even in the far Northwest. 

The uniformity of the rainfall ii also very striking. The 
annual average of 48.18 inches, distributed nearly equally 
through every month in the year, with a slight excess in 
the summer months, offset by a corresponding deficiencv in 
the fall months, as shown by the preceding report o/ the 
Weather Bnreau, is almost ai favorable m oould be deiired. 



Ly SURPASSED Climate 







As & result, crop failuita till mi-i . ,. /.r/ .-d. ,./, u/ia u', la aiji- 
cult to find a country where aqriculiural jnir&xdts may be carried 
on with more absolute certainty of good crop yieldi every 
year. 

CLIMATE AND HEALTH. 

The high altitude, rolling character of the surface, nni- 
form temperature, and excellent drainage of this section 
coirbine the conditions favorable to health, and the superior- 
ity of climate has long since been well established. The 
prevailing winds in the summer come from the southeast, 
and though the Atlantic Ocean is distant 100 to 200 miles in 
that direction, the summer sea href Zfs influence this climate 
very favorably, preventing difcomfort in t'le warmest days, 
and rendering the nights pleasant. In the winter the pre- 
vailing winds are from the northwest, and the region is well 
protected and sheltered from cold northwest winds and 
gtorms, by the Blue Ridge range of mour tains. 

Nature seems to have specially provided Middle Georgia 
with all the conditions necessary for a delightful climate. 
The mild and uniform climate here is not only conducive to 
health, but contributes to reduce the expenses of living, as 
well as of farming and other pursuits. The requirement* 



for clothing and fuel are not near lo much as in the eold cli- 
mate of the North and West. No expensive housing and 
feeding of stock are required, and there is scarcely a day in 
the year when some kind of outdoor farm work cannot be 
done in comfort. 

Frosts begin here October 25th to November 16tk, aud 
cease March 1st to 15th. Light snow falls and moderate 
freezes occur a few times during the winter, but enough snow 
to lie on the ground longer than a few hours is rare. We 
have many weeks of Indian summer weather during the 
winter, with cool, bracing atmosphere. 

The Census reports of 1S90 give the counties comprising 
Eastern Middle Georgia a death rate of 1.12, which is below 
that for the whole State, and one or these counties — Colum- 
bia — is reported as having the lowest death rate of any in the 
United States. The climate is adapted to no special disor- 
ders, and the region has never experienced any epidemics in 
its whole history. On the contrary, the climate is adapted to 
the cure of pulmonary, throat, nervous and other disea-es 
incident to the cold cUraates of the North, and various winter 
resorts within the territory are extensively patronized ly 
Northern people. 

TIMBER GROWTH. 

The timber consists of yellow pine, oaks of all varieties, 
hickory, ash, poplar, walnut, chestnut, sweet gum and other 
varieties of hardwoods. Two-thirds of (he timber consists of 
original forests of fine timber, and about one third of second 
growths, about 30 years old. Yellow pine predominates on 
the sandy and loam lands, and oak on the red and gravel 
lands, but all of the soil grows all the varieties of timber to a 
certain extent, and few sections have a more complete and 
convenient supply of timber of different kinds for building 
purposes, firewood and manufacturing. In many of the 
lower sections there are extensive bodies of yellow pine, 
while on the watercourses, and on rough lands in the upper 
counties there are comparatively large bodies of hardwoods. 
With a small portable saw mill, the farmer can cut off his 
own lands all necessary lumber at a very small expense. 

WATER SUPPLY. 

The uniform rainfall and rolling character of the coun- 
try makes it essentially well watered, and every farm is tra- 
versed with streams of greater or less size, furnishing abun- 
dant supplies of water for stock and other purposes, and 
frequently waterpowers sufficient for grist, saw and feed 
mills and gins, as well as large manufacturing plants, while 
springs of pure freestone water flow from the hillsides in 
every district, supplying water at all times. Water famines 
never occur. 

WATER POWERS. 

Every stream has more or less shoals that furnish inex- 
haustible water powers, and there are some notable shoals 
on the Oconee, Broad, Savannah, Appalachee," Ogeechee, 
Yellow, Little and Chattahoochee Rivers, where immense 
powers can be developed at a small expense. Nearly every 
county has numerous powers, sliowing capacities of 50 to 
1,500 horse-power, while the Augusta Canal, taking the 
water from the Savannah river, and one of the largest in 
the country, furnishes an appropriate example of the possible 
development of the larger powers here. 

There are many fine powers which were partially devel- 



Uniform Temperature: 



oped before the war, l>ui have been sinc« abandoned. The 
old JaiiiB ore generally id a good atate of preservation, and 
the cost of getting theae povvera ready for the wheels would 
be nominal. 

Ninety-Sve per cent, of the cotton factories and grist 
mills hero are operated by water power, and the eitensive 
water powers in this territory, furnish an exctllent basis 
for cheap munufacture of cotton goodj and all other com- 
modities requiring large powers. 

MINERALS. 

Oold \s fonnd in p.iyinp quantitien in Columbia, Lincoln, 
Wilkee, Taliaferro, Jackson, Hall and Gwinnett counties, and 
the "Tatham," "Columbia" and ".Smith" mines in Columbia 
county, now in operation, show a yield of $8 to $28 per ton 
of ore. The streams in nearly all the eajilern counties show 
gold by panning. 

Silver and Copper are found in Lincoln, Hall, Jackson 
and Greene counties, and extensive quantities of iron of fine 
grades are found in Jackson, Hall and Gwinnett counties. 

Mica, Feldspar, CoTund'im, Yellow Ochre, Limettont and 
Kickd iire found in Hall. Gwinnett and Jackson counties. 

Kaolin, Feldepar, Umber and Shale are found in large 
quantities in Richmond, Columbia, McDuffie and other coun- 
ties, and fine grades tf common and fire brick and pottery 
clays are found in nearly every county. 

BUILDING STONES. 

Oranite of fine graiies, is found in large qnantities in 
DeKalb. Rockdale, Oglethorpe, Columbia, Hancock, Lincoln 
and Jackson counties, and the quarries at ijtone Mountain, 
LythoQia and Lexington are among the most eitensive in 
llie Union, especially those at Slone Mountain, which find a 
good market even a.s far as the Northwestern States. 

There are many extensive bed.s of fine granite in these 
counties awaiting c developing hand. 

Sandstone is found in many of the coanties. 

HEALTH RESORTS. 

Many of the comitips have health resorts of more or less 
importance, among which Hillman's Electric Shaft and 
Rocks, at Hillman. in Taliaferro county, is worthy of special 
mention. The rocky hillsides appear to be charged with 
electricity or magnetism, which has a strong curative power 
for rheumatism, nervoui dyspepsia and otlier diseases. 

The electricity or maaiiiMism seems to he absorbed by the 
hodv wliiK- sittiug in a chamber cut into the rocks. Some re- 
markable cures of rheumatism and oiher affections have 
been made. In some instances where the sufferer had to be 
carried in the chamber he recovered so rapidly as to be able to 
walk out unaided. When tins remarkable place was first 
diBCOvered, the alleged efftfct on the human system was ridi- 
culed, but prominent person^* in all sections of this country, 
who have visited the place, ttstify to the remarkable features 
of this wonderful phenomenon. The spring water is unsur- 
passed (or the cure of slomach, kidney, catarrh and nervons 
tronbles, and in nausea and sea (icknet^s it affords instant and 
positive relief. The surroundings are attractive, the place is 
growing in popularity, and is destined to rapidly become a 
great (•anilarium. Kor pamphlets giving full particulars 
about Hillman, address Jno U. Hunter, Hillman, Ga., or 
G W. (\inwiy, Aog'iita, G*. 




The While Sulphur and New Holland Springs, in Hal' 
county, have very fine waters, and are worthy of mention ; 
both of these are patroniziid eitensivelv during the Bummer 
months, and are delightful resorts, lu fact, people in the 
lower belt of all the Southern States come in large numbers 
to the various summer health resorts here, which generally 
have mineral waters of decided curative qualities. 

Augusta, Atlanta, Macon, Aihen-i, Gainesville, Grove- 
town and other towns are extensively patronized as winter 
resorts by Northern people, and there are many inetanci'.s 
where Northern persons coming to this climate with pulmo- 
nary troubles have regained health entirely. 

EDUCATIONAL ADVANTAGES. 

The educational aJvantagc.i of Eistern Middle Georgia 
are unsurpassed Within the territory are 17 cilleges, em- 
bracing the State University, State Agricultural College 
State Technological College, State Induitrial College, State 
Normal College, Wesleyan, Oxford, Mercer, Lucy Cobb, 
Agnes Scott and other colleges and all the counties have ex- 
cellent systems of high and gra led free schools. It is difficult 
to find a section where .so thorough education can be had at 



HO DI^OUGHTS. 



fo small a cost. See list of colleges and schools in county de- 
scriptions. 

TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES. 

The Georgia Railroad System— one of the most 
complete m the country, with the best connections to all 
sections — furnishes quick and unsurpassed transportation for 
all of this excellent territory, at low rates, and fruits and 
vegetables are transported to all the principal cities in the 
Eastern and Middle States within forty-eight to sixty hours. 
This road runs three splendid passenger trains each way 
daily, with a rate of three cents a mile, also fast freights to 
all sections of tbe country. It is one of the best equipped in 
the whole country, and its Main line is the princip.il trunk 
line between the West and South Atlantic ports. 

SPECIAL ADVANTAGES. 

In selecting a location, the home seeker should consider 
the proximity and availabilty of market.^ and transportation 
Ikcilities, as well as climate and fertility and adaptability of 
lands. One of the special advantages of this section is its 
proximity to both home and foreign markets, and it is not 
probable that such good lands can be found so cheap any- 
where in the whole country, with su>;h close home markets 
and near-by seaports, and where all the advantages of 
schools and society exist. 

A comparison of these advr-ntages with the Western 
States, and even the interior Souihern States is very mucli 
in favor of Georgia, and settlers will not be isolated here 
like they will be in many other sections of the South, and 
already are in the West. 

PRICES OF LANDS AND COST OF 
HOMES. 

Good, average farm lands can be bough', on easy terms 
at f 3 00 to $9.00 an acre, according to improvements and 
."•ccessibility to railroads. 

Lands close to the cities, and highly improved landi, 
sell higher, but some very fine improved lands can be bought 
at $5.00 an acre in most all of the counties, and $4 or !f.5 
will buy naturally fertile lands which have been neglected. 
The sandy lands are still cheaper, and good lands of this 
class, eminently suitable for fruit and vegetables, can be 
bought as low as $2 an acre. 

There are many uncretentipus small farms of 50 to 100 
acres, with necessary buildings, v.-liich ran bo had at $5 an 
acre, and considering the value of bui uings on many farms, 
the aggregate cost of the lands and buildings combined 
amount to less than the cost to put buildings on free govern- 
nent land in the West. Home feekers can acquire a good 
small farm here of 25 to 250 a'?res, with nece.ta[il» Uiat can be raised in the North can be 
raised here, ami tlioxe that will not grow lacceufally there 
can be grown aucceiuifuUy here. 

CORN — Corn growa well here on all the soili, and matnrea 
perfect grain. The yield is 10 to lOU buehele per acre, accord- 
ing to fertility of the soil. The average good lands yield 26 
to 30 bnsheU, hot 40 or 50 bushels are realized in the ral- 
leye, and ae much as 105 bushels have been realized on the 
lower bottoms of the rivers. It is cultivated cheaper than 
in the Northern States. 

WHEAT — Wheat eocceeds well on the red and dark 
lands. Itshoald be planted in the fall, and the land well 
raked over. It does not succeed well on the sandy and loam 
lands, being subject to ruRt, but a yield of 15 to 30 bushels 
an acre may be realized en good lands and even more on 
highly improved lands. Wheat is not planted here exten- 
sively, however, although the farmers are giving more atten- 
tion to it now than in former years. 

OATS — This is one of the most Talnable email grain 
crops for the South, the Red Rust- Proof variety being the 
most generally grown, and the most valuable. Oats should 
be planted between the middle of October and the middle of 
November, two bushels of seed to the acre being the proper 
amount It can be used as a pasture from the middle of 
December until the first of April (care being exerted to keep 
stock off after rains, or while the ground is soft), and is ready 
for harvesting by the last of May, yielding from 40 to 80 
bushels per acre of good, heavy oats, according to the fer- 
tility of the land. Oats can also be planted in February and 
produce a good crop, but the grain yield is not as large as 
iliatfrom fall-sown. 

RYE — This valuable grain succeeds well, and is especial- 
ly valuable for winter pastures and for plowing under in 
spring. What has been said in regard to oats applies to this 
croji, except as to yield. 

TOBACCO — Tobacco has always been considered a crop 
.¦\dapted to the soils and climate of the South. But the 
growing of the fine grades of cigar tobacco, both for fillers 
and wrappers, has only within the last few years been 
demonstrated a success in this latitude. It is now not a 
question of growing the tobacco; that is settled; it only re- 
mains for our people to become experienced in its proper 
curing. When this 18 accomplishtd, this crop will be one of 
the most profitable that can be planted. Light gravel lands 
are best sailed to the growth of the Cuban varieties used 
generally for cigars, and the red or dark gray soil shows the 
greatest yield of ordinary grades. Mr. E. D. Beman, of 
Sparta, Ga., realized JiJS.OO an acre on the ordinary variety 
of tobacco last year, though he had little experience in 
tobacco raising, and there is no absence of proof that tobacco 
can be made a paying crop in our territory. 

BROOM CORN— Tesls made on our Experimental Farm, 
and by a few individuals, demonstrate that broom corn suc- 
ceeds well, and would be a profitable crop. Local broom 
factories in the cities of our territory, would take all that 
could be raised for some time to come. 



F 




^->;4^ 







HOPS — llojsgiuw iu.\uriautl\ nnd produce abundantly. 
This would certainly be a most profitable crop, as there is a 
large demand from local brewerieo and other establishmenta 
using hops. 

UPLAND RICE— This crop of the South, which is not 
much known outside of the Southern States, is grown suc- 
cessfully on our soils, and is a larger and better grain than 
its lowland relatives. The y jld ranges from 30 tj 60 bushels 
of rough rice per acre, besides a large amount of straw, val- 
uable as forage. When this grain is ready for the sickle, the 
straw is not dry and woody as is the case with most other 
grains, hence its greater value for forage. It is a Talnable 
grain food for man as well as stock. 

JERUSALEM ARTICHOKE— This crop growa like a weed 
in almost all soils in this region. Enormous trope can be 
produced with scarcely any labor or attention. Its principal 
value would be as a food for hogs. They do their own 
gathering. 

COTTON — Many Northern farmers are prejudiced 
against this crop, but it is the greatest money crop in the world, 
and can be Scored under sheds without loss or depreciation 
for years. Its seed is also valuable as a stock feed, a fertil- 



Two TO Three Crops a Year. 



izer and for its oil. Besides th's, thod lor hogs and p mltry. From two to three 
hundred bushe s can be produced on an acre, and both hogs 
and poultry are more fond of it than almost any other 
food. 

SWEET POTATOES -Are a staple crop here. There are 
many varieties. Tne preference for home consumption is 
the sweet Pumpkin Yam, which yields large crops at small 
ej£pen8e,and furnishes nutritious food f,jr man and beast. The 
early variety is the Yellow Bark, not so good in quality, 
but valuable because it matures early for shipment to 
Hoithern markets. 

CABBAGE — All varieties are grown for ehipment to 
Northern markets. The best varieties grow beat on still soil. 

PEANUTS — This vaLiable nut or root crop is admirably 
adapted to sandy soils, and although it is not largely grown 
now for shipment, it would prove a valuable crop for that 
purpose. As a food for hogs it is unexcelled, and can he 
grown so cheaply, and feJ at so little cost (ihe hogs doing 
their own gathering), that it should be planted ou every 
farm for this purpose. 

SUGAR CANE — Is grown snccessfully in some sections in 
the lower portions of the belt, and ma ly fanners produce 
enough to make syrup of fine quality for family use. 

BUCKWHEAT— Grows well, and can be planted eight 
months iQ the year. 

FLAX, INDIGO, RAMIE, SUGAR EEETS— And other 
minor crop products, all grow well here. 

GRASSES AND FORAGE 
CROPS. 



Eastern Middle Georgia is naturally a gra^a country. 
Most any farmer could cut enough native grass of fine qual- 
ity off his oat fields after the oau are harvested to feed the 
ordinary stock through the winter. It is true that some few 
of the standard varieties of the North do not at inn as great 
perfection on some lands here as in some ot those Siiite<, but 
this is offset by the fact that a much greater varieiy of gmsses 
grow here. Some of iheiu too. are indigenous and superior 
to the best Northern varieties, both for b^.y and gr^izing. 

It 13 also true that our coarse sandy lands, which 
produce vegetables and fruits so abundantly, do not hold 
moisture sufficiently for successful grass growing, but this 




c'a=s of s^iil emb--^ -p^ but n, "m-jU p-O} ortion of the ¦ oil of ihe 
teinory iIhsci ibed, and it has been I., ir y demi n Ifdied that 
grass-gfovving can b^ carne i on hire with as much success as 
in the Northern ^tat^s it not tnt re. 

Kieqiieully four to six cuttings are realized in onese'soa 
off llie same lands and rarely ever les3 than thiee, on even 
medium grade snils. 

Ca|.t. W. H. Warren, of Augnsta, Riihniond. County, 
Ga., cut from 9J acres. 400 tons of fiist grade cured hay in 
one season, v/ith a net pr fit of $60.00 an acre. He also cut 
two cri'ps of fine hay off his oat Unds after harvesting the 
oats. Col. 0. H Fhinizv', his neighbor, frequently cuts an 
average of four to .six tons of cured 1 ay to the acre in a sea- 
son. Mr. E. A. Copelnnd. of Greensboro, in Greene County, 
realized in one season $15,5 ne' profit from an a-re of Berii.uda 
grass. Messrs. H. Giealer and J. Y. B. Warner, at lh» same 
point, show s milar results. Hon James M. Smiih, of Ogle- 
thorpe County, has cut an average of 4 tons of Bermuda 
grass to the acre on a large acreags. 

Very limited aitenlion was paid to grass growing here 
until the last ten years, on account of the monopoly of the 
cotton crop. But it is attracting great attention at the prea- 



i) 



TO 6 CUTTINGS OP . . . 

-GRASS fl SHASOr*. 



enl t'nn«, Rn"! th« expn'impnU !n it hove been po snroe"«''al 
that It in i'fi:oiuinj5 one ol our lea liiij^ crup productn very ant. 
JOHNSON Gl^ASS— Tins valuable gra«8 \» one of the 
priDci|iitl liav gr^i-siM heie, and is perfecily adnnied to the 
ro\\ and climate. Once sown it re seeds itself and covers 
the Uod ihnrou^hly. Four to six cuttings are realized each 
•eason. Tin- ) i"ld on ilie best land is very heavy. 

BERMUDA GRASS— Is indgenous to the soil, t>nd 
shows itsoii or all classes of soil. As a Bummer and winter 
pasture, II cannot be excelled. It is among the mrst nutri- 
tious of era-xses, and on good red li-nds, or alluvial boltcms, 
the yield is very heavy, sometimtB six to eight tons an acre. 

It maUes a compact and perfect covering. On thin 
sandy koiI it Joei not attain sufficient size to mow to advan- 
tage; but even on tucb lands, it will carry more stock than 
any other known grass, and is excellent for hogs. 

VETCH — This is a valuible grass, and grows on most 
any soil. It is an 'annual." but re-seeds itself and comes up 
during the month of December each year, making a vigorous 
growili by February, and aff''rding oxrellent pa»turafe nntil 




April 1st. It makes 6ao, nutritious bay, and the yield is 
large, beveral i-uttinga being made in a season. It is abo 
valuable for renovating purposes. 

CRAC GRASS — This is a native grass, and produces 
maguificent crops of the finest hay. It comes up wherever 
the ground is in cultivation for auy length of time, and two 
cuttings can be had off of oat or ve>;etaijle lands, alter the 
latter crops are gathered in May. It st onld be cut in the 
bloom and cured in as litt'e sun as possible, 

ALFALFA, OR LUCERNE— This valuable grass basnet 
been introduced lo any great txlent hed lands, because 
they hold the moisture better, and tesult^ have been attained 
with it iu Clarke, Jackson and H:tU counties highly satis- 
factory. In fact, it ig d-mons'rated thai wiili ibe proper 
selection of soil, it succeeds here fully as well as In the 
noithern latitudes. 

TIMOTHY — What has been said of red clover, applies 
with equal accuracy to timothv. It is grown with very 
satisfactory results on the red and dark alluvial toils. 

BLUE GRA^S — Suc-eeds well in the valleys in the north- 
ern portions ol the belt, but has as yet received little attention 
except by a few farmers. 

ORCHARD GRASS— This valuable grass has been shown 
by tboroU);'i te?ts to be a very valuable winter grass in this 
section, and planted on the high uplanos, it stands the sum- 
mer well and makc-s a good covering. The red lands and 
valleys are best suited lor it. 

RED TOP — This grass is adapted to the valleys, and 
produces a crop of hay the second year. It is valuable for 
both pasturage and hay. 

TALL OAT GRASS — Is an excellent grass, and produces 
well oD even light gray soil. It is planted in the fall or 
spring. 

COLLEY GRASS— This is a species of Schrader, and is a 
valuable native grass. It was propagated by Col. Coil^y, of 
Wa'-hingtoo Ga., and grows luxuriantly on red or giay laud. 

Its value is for bay. 

JAPAN CLOVER — Is a species of clover indigenous here. 
It is a very nutritious grass, and is valuable for pasturage 
mostly. 

COW PEAS, OR FIELD PEAS— This valuable forage 
crop 13 valuable not ouly fur fee ling jvurposes. but as a soil 
renovator. It grows luxuriantly on even the p' orest up- 
lands, and two crops can be grown each year. For (lowing 
under green, it is as valuable as rtd clover, and as a stock- 
food, much superior. For hay, it should be cured in cocks, 
bv the sweating process, just as heavy clover hay is cured. 
The pea product is a valuable food, both for man and beast, 
and the yield is from 15 to 10 bushels per acre, according Co 
quality of land, cultivation, etc. There are a number of 
varietiej giowa, differing in value for table use and in the 



Unsurpassed Water Supply. 



yield, but nearly all of the same va'ue for hay or reo'Vating 
"purposts. It i.t rare that field [leas bell, in this section, for 
less than $1.00 ptr bushel. 

MILLET— Two crops a year are grown. Nearly all 
varieties sucre-d well. Tho--e most ordiuar ly u.°pd are the 
White, Cat-Tail, H in^irian and Green. Milo Maize and a 
number of varieties . f fodder crofis are grown, and cut iwics 
and sometimes three times during a season. 



STOCK RAISING. 



The entire territory herein described is admirably adapt- 
ed to stock raising. Wilh pasturage nearly every month in 
the year, ample water supfdy, and lands adapted to the 
cheap produoti"n of all kinds of stock food, it is easy to 
apireciate the advantages here lor extensive Ftock raising. 
The cost of keeping slock through the mild win'ers is very 
smuU, while in the Northern aud Western Siatea. the atten- 
tion and expense required for winter keeping absorbs most 
of the piofits. Pasturage is general y good from Apiil Ut to 
November 15th ; on Bermuda grass, some years, all winter. 

On the water courses are found cane and more or less 
grass all winter. Sweet potatoes, carrots and turni[j3, pro- 
ducd at a sii.all cost, make cheap winter feed. The mast 
from the timber growths, and nutiitious roots on the water 
ways, keep h"g5in good condition. 

Sir ck raising is on the raf'id increase here, and nany of 
the best breeds have been introduced. 

HORSES AND MULES— Can be raised as cheaply as 
anywhere, with proper pasturage. Mr. .lames M. English, 
of Warrenton, Ga.. h.is demonstrated that standard tro '.ing 
Block can be raised for $.i.5.00 per head, and sold for $I5U; 
and ordinary stork are raised, in some very favorable sec- 
tions, at a cost as low as $15 a head. Col Robt. E. Park, 
of Macon, Bibb county, who has one of the best stock larrrs 
in this territory, has dimonstrated that strck raising here 
can be made very successful. He raises all kinds of improved 
cattle, including Jerseys, Ald-rney.^, Durhams, Devons, 
Holsiein-Fnesians ; also Berkshire and Poland-China, and 
other finer breeds of bogs ; also Shetland ponies and the best 
breeds of dr.tft ai d trotting hor-es. He has demonstrated 
beyond a doubt that any of the breeds of stock raised in the 
Northern and West^rn Slates succeed well here, and can be 
raised at a very small expense and at a good profit. 

CATTLE — Of the full breeds, the .lerseys, Alderne-'s, 
Devons and Diiihams, thiive well I. ere, but more attention 
has been paid to the first two named tlian any others. One 
of our illustrations shows a herd of thoroughbred Jerseys 
rai ed by Col. C. II. Phinizy, of Augusta, Ga., which are as 
fine as can be found any wl ere. In connection with his 
splendid hay farm. Col. Phinizy raises Jersey cattle, and 
conducts a dairy very profitably. 

SHEEP — Sheep husbandry is quite li-nited in Eastern- 
Middle Georgia, but has received more attention in the 
Southern portion of the State, where pasturage la inferior to 
that of this section. Mr. David Ayer, of Southwest Geor- 
gia, as !-hown by a manual issued by the Slate Agricultural 
Department had 3. 500 ,'heep, which cost annually 14 cents 
-a head to feed, and he clipped e-^.ch vear three pounds of un- 



washed wool a head, giving a clear profit of 90 per cent, on 
the money and labor invested in sheep. 

HOGS — Hog raising has been more extensive in the last 
few years than any time since the war, and has been found 
quite profitable. It is found that the ranges on the water 
courses and wo"dcd lands furnish sufincient food supply to 
keep hogs fat all the time, and the cheap production of sweet 
potatoes, chufas and other root crops enables tbe farmer to put 
his hogs in condilion for slaughter without much grain. 
During the past year several hogs of common native breeds 
weighed 500 pounds each, dresstd ; one as much as 613 
jiounds. 

POULTRY— All the domestic fowls thrive here. The 
<-limate, soil and abundance of vegelaire food's ftre favorable 
for them. All the varieties and kinds are successfully raised, 
and every farmer can ke-p histahle well supplied with fowls 
and ejigs, and sell enough to pay a good jiortion of his family 
expenses. 

BEES— Blooming flowers, both wild and cultivated, 
i-onder bees profitable, and the farmer can have an apiary 
with 1 tt'e expense 





Ome KIND OF CROP GATHERED 
* 11 OUT OF 12 mONTHS, 




FRUIT ORG MING. 



EaotPrn-MiHdle Goorgi* js eminently a frnit country. 
Its ]ii-ache^ anil eoine other fruits ar" equal to ('alifurnia's. 
By iroiier managfriipnt. ihe fruit gtov e may have some 
kinfi- .if fruit to market six to seven montbs in ilieyear, 
bnt a full crop m^y not be ei| eced every year; nei her may 
total exemption fium d.feas'-B totiome classes of fruit 

Mr. P J. BBickiimns. of Aiignsla, Ga., Pre>i"en set in M ddle Georgia within that time, 
mostly by Northern fruit grower* who have found ihis an 
invitintf field; s^me of whom have realized over $100,000 
for a singl- crop. 

liun. N H. Albauch, one of the largest and most ex- 
perienced fruit growers in ihe Nrrth, in addres.«ing the 
sii.denis of the agricultural departmeut of the Ubio Univer- 
sity, said : 

"But perhaps the most inviting fie'. I in the Sonth for frail 
cnllure, or il:e iimst inviting for pr fiis. is peaches, and if 
tiiere is a boy in this rion who, in his dreams by night or 
day. diic< not dream of future prosperity and wealth and the 
liiiin when he will set up lioui kee, ing for himself he is not 
ti to bj a farmer boy in the State of Ohio ; so that .anything 
of this kind interests all boys, and when I say there is proba- 
b y no HM that opens up such a fi"id for future comm>-r. ial 
advantages as the peach o c ards of the South, I speak what 
I know and attest whai 1 have seen." 

Mr. Albaiigh has. w.thin the last two years, planted 
75.0U0 peach treei in Middle Georgia. 

GRAPES — Few countries are bietter adapted to prapee. 
Most of th" fine var.etiej yield largely and require less care 
than in the .Noriiiern States. The following example shown 

13 



NO ISOLATION. 



what a small farmer may do here. Mrs. L. K. Hunter, a 
widow of Warren county, writes: 

"I have five acres in Delaware and Niagara grapes; six 
acres in peaches, apples and plums. Last year I sold over 
two hundred bushels of peaches, a large lot of pears and 
apples ; also 10,000 pounds of grapes, which consisted of 
first picking. I made two other pickings into wine which 
turned out 345 gallons of as fine wine as I ever saw, of which 
1 have sold some at $2 per gallon (the aggregate value of 
these products is about |1,600). My vineyard is four years 
old and bore a full crop for the first time last year." 

Niagara, Delaware, Concord and Ives' grapes net 5 to 7 
cents a pound shipped from here, and the wine sells at $1.00 
to $1.50 per gallon. 

Mr. J. N. Hardy, Jefferson, Ga., made in 1893 three 
thousand gallons of wine at a net profit of $2,000. 

Mr. G. A. Ramspeck, of DeKalb, has thirty-five acres 
set to grapes. Twenty-five acres are in good bearing. In 
1892 Mr. Ramspeck sold $1,200 worth of grapes, and in 
1893, $1,700 from the twenty-five acres. 

PEARS — This region hardly has an equal in adapta- 
bility for growing Pears. Georgia Peari rank equal to 
California's. All the varieties grow to perfection, but the i 
Bartlett, Belle Lucratius, LeConte and Keifer have been tlie ¦ 
most profitable for shipment to Northern markets. 

BLACKBERRIES AND DEWBERRIES— They are indige 
nous to the South, and grow wild in every fence corner or • 
abandoned field. The cultivated varieties succeed equally 
well, and would prove very profitable for shipment to North- 
ern markets. 

FIGS — This is a wonderful country for figs. They grew 
abundantly in the gardens of the cities and country, and 
wherever sat they yield well. There are a number of varie- 
ties which come on in different months of the year. Tlii? 
section rivals California in the growth of figs, and if saved by 
drying, in the same way as in California, they would be as 
profitable here as there. 



VEGETABLE AND TRUCK 
FARMING. 



IRISH POTAiOES— Grow best here on light and gravel 
lands. Two crops a year may be produced on the same land, 
and in some instances, where no pretensions are made to the 
second crop, the farmer may dig in November sufficient po- 
tatoes for a winter supply, which grow from scattering pota- 
toes left in the ground at the time of first digging. The 
basket of potatoes illustrated in this article are second crop 
Early Rose, raised by Mr.T. W. McKie, of Augusta, Ga., and 
were dug in January. 





Vegetables of all kinds grow here in great profusion, and 
this branch of agriculture is conducted with much profit in 
gome sections. The growth is always quick and the yield 
large; and with little expense, the farmers through this terri- 
tory may have extensive vegetable gardens which will pro- 
duce some sort of vegetable every month in the year. Irish 
potatoes, eweet potatoes, cabbages, turnpis of all varieties, 
carrots, green peas, tomatoes, cucumbers, egg plants, 
parsnips, squash, asparagus, lettuce, kale, spinach, onions. 
Southern mustard, horse-radish, watermelons, cantaloupes. 

cauliflower, celery and other vegetables cf iiij] oitance are 
well adapted here, and two crops a year of son e varieties 
may be grown. Ten-pound horse-radifh have been grown 
here. 




ASPARAGUS — Grows abundautly, and is a very profita- 
ble crop for shipping to Northern markets. 

CELERY — The Southern people have paid little atten- 
tion to raising celery, except in few sections, but these ex- 
periments made in the last two years show that it can be 
raised successfully, and the near-by Southern cities would 
take all that could be produced for some time, at good 
prices. 

GREEN PEAS— All varieties are grown for shipment to 
Northern market*. The best varieties grow to perfection on 
sandy and gray soils. 



5 f4EAHBV SEAPORTS. 




WATERMELONS— Are a profitable crop for ihipment 
to Northern aud Western markets, and are grown very ex- 
tensively in many of the counties, especially in Richmond 
county, where the famous Rattlesnake and Sugar Loaf, two 
of the best melons known in America, are grown in large 
acreage for shipment, and sell at a better price than any other. 
We have known carloads of these melons to average forty 
pounds each, and the Rattlesnake frequently grows to weigh 
seventy-five pounds. The melon illustrated herein was grown 
in Richmond county by Mr. R. L. Rhodes, and weighed 85 
pounds. The Kolb Gem, a delicious native melon, is the 
best adapted to red and dark soils, and having a thick rind, 
its shipping qualities are unequalled. For this reason this 
melon is grown more extensively than any other throughout 
the region. 

TOMATOES — Grow profusely in every section, and area 
profitable crop both for enipraent and canning purposes. 

CANNING VEGETABLES— After it gets too late in the 
season to ship to Northern markets, the Trucker here may 
can his vegetables profitably. Mr. Henry Hogrefe, of Au- 
gusta, Ga., canned from a quarter of an acre, 1,800 2-lb. cans 



of Tomatoee, after first selling some raw tomatoes in borne 
and Northern markets. He sold the canned tomatoes at a 
net profit of $52, showing a profit for the canned goods, 
alone, of |200 an acre. 



DAIRYING. 



This section is a good field for farm dairying. The ex- 
huberant forage growths, and cheap food productions, with a 
mild climate, make it far superior to Northern climates for 
dairying, and proofs are abundant that it can be made very 
profitable here. Milk sells here at an average of 5 tn i 
cents per quart, and 10 cents retail, and 2b cents a pound can 
be realized for good butter. Jerseys, Alderneys and other 
improved breeds of cows yield about an average of 240 
pounds of butter per annum, which is worth JaO.OO. In some 
instances this redult is considerably exceeded. The cost of 
feed per cow, in this section, need not exceed over $20 00 per 
annum, where good pasturage is provided, which would 
leave a very handsome profit to the dairyman on butter 
alone. Hon. J. M. Smith, of Smithsonia, Oglethorpe county. 
Ga., has been among the most successful in dairy farming in 
this territory. Witn 160 cows his profits are very large. He 
finds ready sale for his butter in Atlanta, Augusta and 
Athens, and has recently employed an expert cheese maker 
from New York, and is making cheese quite extensively at 
the present time. It is in every way equal to the best 
Northern cheese, and finds ready buyers in home territory. 

Last winter an expert dieete maker from New York 
State was employed by tne State Experiment Station, to make 
cheese, and we quote as follows, from bulletin No. 18: "Mr. 
Wing (the expert) continued to make cheese right through 
the heat of the summer and nothing but 'full cream' cheese, 
and it finds ready sale. It has been impossible to supply 
even the local demand for 'Experiment Station Cheese,' witn 
the limited facilities at command. The local grocers and 
private citizens have manifested an eagerness to buy at fifteen 
cents a pound by the whole cheese. That can only be at- 
tributed to the superior quality of the cheese supplied them 
in limited quantities. A few cheeses have been snipped to 
different points in the State, and so far as heard from the 
quality has given entire satisfaction." 

PRICES OF BUILDING MATE- 
RIAL, LABOR, ETC. 



Yellow Pine lumber, rough _ $ 6 00 to $ 8 00 

Yellow Pine lumber, dressed _ 10 00 to 13 00 

Bricks, run of kiln _ 4 50 to 6 50 

Bricks, laid in wall _ 8 50 to 9 00 

Lime, per bbl 85 

Plastering, two coat work, including lath- 1 p, 

ing, etc., per square yard _ j 

Cement, Portland, per bbl. _.., 3 00 

Cement, Roiedale, per bbl _ 1 60 

Shingles, Cypress, No. 1 ..„._ 2 50 to 2 75 

Shingles, Heart Pine, sawed _ 2 00 to 2 60 



-SFLtNunrsracK rekiun. 



FERTILIZERS. 

(Per Ton of 2,000 pounds). 

Cotton Seed Meal |18 00 to ?20 00 

Acid Phoaphate 14 00 to $15 00 

Kainit 14 00 

LABOR. 

Bricklayers, per day $ 2 00 to ? 3 00 

Carpenters, per day 1 50 to 2 50 

Farm labor per month, with house and 

rations 8 00 to 12 00 

The colored man is the principal farm laborer. 



EXEMPTION LA WS. 



HOMESTEAD EXEMPTION. 

(Section 2002, Ga. Code). 

There shall be exempt from levy and sale, by virtue of 
any process whatever, under the laws of this State, except 
as hereinafter excepted, of the property of every head of a 
family, or guardian, or trustee of a family of minor children, 
or every aged or infirm person, or person having the care 
and support of dependent females of any age, who is not the 
head of a family, realty or personalty, or both, to the value 
in the aggregate of sixteen hundred dollars; and no Court or 
ministerial officer in this State shall ever have jurisdiction 
or authority to enforce any judgment, execution or decree 
against the property set apart for such purpose, including 
such improvements as be made thereon, from time to time, 
except for taxes, for the purchase money of the same, for labor 
done thereon, for material furnished therefor, or for the re- 
moval of encumbrances thereon. 

SHORT HOMESTEAD. 

(Section 2040, Ga. Code). 

The following property of every debtor, who is the 
head of a family, shall be exempt from levy and sale by 
virtue of any process whatever, under the laws of this State, 
nor shall any valid lien be created thereon, except in the 
manner hereinafter pointed out, but shall remain for the use 
and benefit of the family of the debtor: 

"Fifty acres of land, and five additional acres for each of 
his or her children under the age of sixteen years. This 
land shall include the dwelling house, if the value of such 
house and improvements does not exceed the sum of two 
hundred dollars ; Provided, that none of the above land be 
within the limits of a city, town or village, and does not 
include any cotton or wool factory, saw or gristmill, or any 
other machinery propelled by water or steam, the value of 
which exceeds the sum of two hundred dollars; and provided, 
also, that such laud shall not derive its chief value from other 
cause than its adaptation to agricultural purposes ; or, in 
lieu of the above land, real estate in a city, town or village, not 
exceeding five hundred dollars in value. One farm horse or 
mule, one cow and calf, ten head of hogs and fifty dollars 
worth of provisions, and five dollars worth additional for each 
child; fifty bushels of corn, one thousand pounds of fodder, 
one one-horse wagon, one table, and a set of chairs suSicient 
for the nse of the family, and household and kitchen furni- 



ture not to exceed one hundred and fifty dollars in value ; 
beds, bedding and common bedsteads sufficient for the family, 
one loom, one spinning wheel, and two pairs of cards, and 
one hundred pounds of lint cotton ; common tools of trade of 
himself and wife; equipment and arms of a militia soldier, 
and a trooper's horse; ordinary cooking utensils and table 
crockery ; wearing apparel of himself and family; family 
Bible, religious works and school books and family portraits. 
The library of a professional man, in actual practice or busi- 
ness, not exceeding three hundred dollars in value and to be 
selected bj- himself; one family sewing machine; this exemp- 
tion to exist whether the person owning said machine is the 
head of a family or not, and shall be good against all debts 
except the purchase money. 

Either one of these exemptions may be taken, by appli- 
cation to the Ordinary of the county in which the applicant 
may reside, but not both of them. 

The Wages of a Daily, Weekly or Monthly Laborer, 

or Mechanic, are exempt from garnishmont, 

THE GEORGIA LAWS— Are generally in favor of the 
farmer, but the State has always been noted for having sound 
and safe laws which protect the rights of all classes. 




no EXTI^E|V!E HEAT. 



OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROF- 
FIT ABLE MANUFACTURING. 



While Georgia has made great progress in manufactor- 
ing during the last ten yeiirs, in some lines, like all the 
balance of tlio South it is badly in need of more diversified 
manufacturing intereeU to BUi'ply an extensive home demand, 
and Eastern Middle Georgia, willi hundreds of magnificent 
water powers, inexhaustible quantities of raw material, 
superior climate and cheap labor, affords an attractive and 
inviting field for investment in all kinds of manufacturing. 

It IB at least a very inviting field for hundreds of manu- 
facturers, in the North, who are now closed down or work- 
ing at a loss on account of strong home competition and high 
cost of production, etc. 

Such manufacturers couldbring their machinery here and 
secure ample water power at a nominal cost in aimost any 
section, and find a ready home market at good profits, and the 
cost of production would be so much loss than in the North 
that they could compete successfully with Northern manufac- 
turers in all the markets of the world. This has beeri clearly 
demonstrated in cotton goods manufacture to the satisfaction 
of New England spinners, who have been obliged to con- 
fine their product mostly to goods not manufactured in the 
South, because they could not compete with Southern spin- 
ners. 

Further evidence of the superior advantages of the 
South for manufacturing is found in the fact that during 
the last two years, of depression thousands of factories in the 
North were forced to close down, while ninety five per ceni 
of those in the South continued operations, with orders ahead 
six montlis to a year. Small manufacturers coming here and 
supplying home demand exclusively, would make the freight 
on the same class of goods now brought from the North, 
besides being able to produce much cheaper here. There 
has been no branch of legitimate American enterprise more 
successful than manufacturing in the South. 

The minimum cost of manufacturing cotton goods in the 
world may he reached in this territory. 

RAW MATERIAL FOR MANUFACTURING-Cotton, 
pine, and all kinU of bard wood lumber and timber; cotton 
labrics ; fine clays for brick, tiling, pottery, ¦¦Ic; granite; acid 
ores; kaolin of the best quality; fruits and vegetables for can- 
ning, all at our doors from first hands. Also manufactured iron 
and steel from near-by iron producers of Alabama and Ten 
nessee. Some wool and hides, dye slulTs. feld spar, mica, 
iron ore, straw and Palmetto shrubs, and fine whild sand for 
glasj, etc. 



TESTIMONIALS OF NORTH- 
ERN SETTLERS. 



Mr. L. W. Pierce, Attorney-at Law of Gainesville, Ga., 
writf-s : 

"I and my wife were natives of New F.ngland, where 
we resided till we immigrated to Georgia, seeking health in 
a milder and more congenial climate. I had fur many 



years sulTered severely from chronic bronchitis, and Mrs. 
Pierce from chronic neuralgia, and we came South in Decem- 
ber, 1890, solely for health, feeling we could not endure the 
severe ligors of the New England climate longer, and after 
having visited other sections of the State, chose and settled 
in Gainesville for onr future home. Mrs. Pierce has re- 
ceived decided benefit from the climate here, and 1 have, I 
feel, been much benefitted. 

"This section, though hilly, is well adapted to email 
farming. Lands are cheap, much of it rich and very pro- 
ductive; a fine fruit growing country, especially small fruits, 
grapes, peaches, plums, quinces, apples, prunes, apricots, 
pears and melons; all kinds of vegetables, Indian corn, 
wheat and other English grain grow luxuriantly and pro- 
duce abundantly on thorough and proper cultivation. The 
soil is easy to cultivate Plonghing can ordinarily be done 
in every moi:th in the year, the winters being short and 
mila, and summers long and temperate. Farmers plant all 
along from February to August, and can raise two crops a year. 
We are here to stay, pleased with the people and the 
country." 




HO EXTREIVIE GOliD. 



"We made a pretty thorough investigation of the State, 
from Augusta to Atlanta and we were well pleased. I think 
it is a country where a man with money enough to buy a 
farm and stock it could do as well, if not better, than in 
any other Bection of the United States. The opportunities 
for other business enterprises are equally great. The people 
of Georgia that we had the pleasure of meeting were very 
kind and courteous, and had the interest ot the communities 
and State at heart. The education il and railway facilities 
are second to none. We have had snow and ice ever since 
we came home, and I am tired of so much of it. 

"Allegheny, Pa. W. J. Black " 

"I came to Gainesville last July from Newaggo county, 
Michigan, driving the whole 900 miles with my team. I came 
from the fruit belt (fihat State. I a-ked all sorts of questions of 
the farmers of Indiana, Kentucky and Tennessee about farm- 
ing, tobacco raising and fruit growing, bee luse not being of 
the 'breed of hogs' 'that knows il,all and can't learn any more.' 
1 foon learned that what I didn'i know would fill a mighty 
b g book Now, among the things I have learned, I have 
obeerved that peoi le here don't sneeze, cough and l.ark three 
or four months with catarrh every winter, for which I am 
iliankful, having been troubled with that pe-tiferous malady 
fir years. Middle Georgia is one of the healthiest places in 
the world. It also has the finest springs of water, and the 
most salubrious, invigorating air, free from miasma and mos- 
quitoes; and if there is any pUice on the globe wtiere one 
may enjoy life it seems that it, must be here. 

"I also came here to raise fruits, and I find that the cli- 
mate, soil snd natural surroundings are well adapted to that 
I'U-pose. The northern slopes of the hill.sides are adapted 
10 raising apples, pears, plums, peaches, prunes, nectarines 
and apricots, while the waim, sunny soulliein .sh'nes will 
raise as fine gapes, with proper culiivaticn, as Sunny Italy. 
CiU at th^ Eagle office and look at and smell my delicious 
prunes. Yours truly, 

''Gainesville, Ga. Tn.\D Wateks." 



Mr. 0. S. H.ayes, of the Ohio Colony of Statham, Jack- 
son county, Ga., and until last year a resident of Ohio, says : 

"This is a wonderful country. It is pratically an all t.ie- 
year-round health resort. It is a delight to grow fruits and 
vegetables here, on these fertile binds that are so easily 
tilled. In a very lifle time one can surround himself with 
all the comforts and delights of a Southern home, at slight 
expense of labor and moiey. 

"Money goes further here than it does in the North, 
which is a very important itein. The farmer can produce 
here a great deal more for the same amount of labor i-nd ex- 
pense than he can in the North, and the cost of living here 
IS very little more than half. 

"I believe this country is the easiest one to make a com- 
fortable living in on the globe, and as a hea'thy one it can- 
i ot be surpa-std. Grasses, fruits, vegftables and every agri- 
cultural product can be grown with little exnense, and we 
are so near the markets that we do not have to give up such 
a largo percentage of the value of our products for trans- 
portation. I have never met a more sociabl" and kind-hearted 
peopla than the peo|de of the South, and no rispeciable 
Northern man need have any doubts about being warmly 
received in this sp'-tion of the Souih. Surely the South is 
an inviting field for industrious settlers from the North." 



"I have been unable to sao the slightest difference in the 
reception of a new-comer from the North, or from some other 
Southern State. Very seldom is any inquiry made as to a 
visitor's political bias; and never within my recollec;ion, 
covering a Southern residence of over nine years, has the 
question of politics or section, in any way, interfered with 
the prospects, financial or social, of a Northern man, only, if 
anything, a little more cordiality is extended to one from 
that section whoae ability or character seems to make him 
a desirable acquisition. The whole field of business enter- 
pr se is open to Northern men; they are warmly welcomed 
and placed on an equal footing with all others 

"Having seen two Presidential campaigns in the South, 
enables me to assert that I have seen and exrerienced more 
of bitter personal antagoni-m in t'usiness and social matters 
growing out of political differences in the North than have 
ftver come under my ob-servation in any Southern Sta'e. 

"No Northern man need hesitate a moment for fear of not 
being well received here. Georgia is a great State, lull of 
great possibilities for thousands of new comers They are 
needed here, will be welcomed by her big-hearted and hos- 
pitable people, and if they po's(-ss the proper qualifications 
for succ 'ss anywhere, will surely achieve it here. 

"Atlanta, Ga. F. J. Redfield." 



FARM COLONIES AND 
VILLAGES. 



Eastern-Middle Georgia is specially adapted to farm colo- 
nies and villages. Almost in every county tracts of good 
land m tiodies of 2 00>i to5,0n0 acres cbse to railroads can 
be had at $5 ti> $3 an acre, where fine water fac lities and 
utes for villages, and abundance of timber are available. 
Nowhere can Colonists be more prosperous and happy, and 
healthier. No isolation. 



COUNTY DESCRIPTIONS. 



Th e following brief descriptions 6f 'counties show ch,ar,i cter 
and prices of land, water powers, minerals, timber, etc. Any 
special information desired will be lurnisbed by parties 
whose names are given on the last line of each county de- 
scription. 

RICHMOND COUNTY. 

Area in square miles, 329. Population, 57 150 

Tax rate for 1894 per $100, $1 07. 

Bonded debt, none. 

Predominating top-ioils, dark gray, sandy loam, bottoms. 

Percentage of lands for sale, 30 — In bodies of 100 to 800 

acres. 
Prices of good average farm lands per acre, $5 to |25. 
Native Grasses— Crab, Japan Clover, Bermuda and Foxtail. 
Grasses best suited — Johnson, Velch, Crab and Bermuda. 
Fruita best adapted — Peaches, Pears, Apricots and sma'l 

fruits. 
Qrapes best adapted — Delaware Niagara, Scuppernong, etc. 



NO SWAMPS. 



OGLETHORPE COUNTY. 

Ar»a in nqoare miles. 52S. Population, 18,000. 

Tax rnle for IS'U per $100, $1.03. 

Bon. led debt. fJO.OOO. 

Predomina'.iDg topsoils. red clay, eray, sandy lo'm. 

Percenlaga ol lands for sale, 30 — In bodies of 5 to 3,000 
a res. 

Price of E"<^d average farmlands per acre, $4 to $3. 

Native ijr»8 es— Bermuda «nd Crab. 

Gra&sps best suited — Barmud,f)00. 

Predominating loi soils gray, red clay, mulatto. 
Percentage of lauds for sale, 25— In bodies of 60 to 3,000 
acres. 



Prices of good average farm lands per acre, $4 to $3. 
Native Grasses — Bermuda, Crab, Foxtail, etc. 
Grasses best suited — Bt-rmnda. Vetch, Lucerne, Cover, etc. 
Fruits best ad -pted — Pearhe«, Apples, Pears and small fruits. 
Grapes best adapted — All kinds; excellent Grape section. 
Predominating timber in proportion namea — Pine, Oak, 

Hickory. 
Streams with water powers — Oconee River; inexhaustible 

powers. 
Mineral.'', Stones, etc. — Gold, Copper, Brick Clays of fine 

quality. 
High Schools and Colleges — One Free High School, Free 

Schools. 
For fuilhcr information address J. B. Parks, Jr , Greensboro, 

Ga. 

MORGAN COUNTY. 

Area in square Miles, 322. Population, 18,000. 

Tax rate for 1891 [ler $100, 97 cts. 

Bonded deb', $20U0 

Predominating topsoils. dark gray and red clay. 

Percentage of lands for sale, 30 — In bodies of 50 to 2,r.0 

acres. 
Prices i.f good average farm lands per acre, $5 to yS. 
Native Gra.'Stf — P.einmia and Crab. 

Gra.«3nd Fire Clays. 
Stream'* wuh water poweis — Suuih, Yellow and Alcova 

Rivers. 
High Schools and College' — One Fine College, Two Free 

High Schools, Free Schools. 
For further information address H. S. Hammond, CoTiagton, 

Qa. 



19 



QLiOSH TO NORTHERN • . . 



r 




¦.:¦<- 




ROCKDALE COUNTY. 

Area in square mile*, 126. Popnlation, 8,000. 

Tax rate for 189i per $100, $1.01. 

Bonded debt, none. 

Predoininaling topsoils, gray and Heep red. 

Percentage of lands for eale, 25 — In bodies of 10 to 500 
acres. 

Price of good average farm lands per acre, $5 to $10. 

Native Grasses — Cnih and Bermuda. 

Grasses best suited — Alfalfa, Clover, Bermuda, Blue Grass, Or- 
chard, etc. 

Fmits best adapted — Apples. Peai-hes and all omall fruits. 

Grapes best adapted — Concord, Ningera, Ives Deleware, etc. 

Preaominating limber in proportion named — Pine, Oak and 
Hukory. 

Minerals, Siones, etc — Gold; immense qnantities of Granite 

Streams with water powers — Yellow and South Rivers have 
fine shoals. 

High SchooU and Colleges: — One Free High School and 
Graded Free Schools. 

for further information address T. D. O'Kelly, Conyers, Oft. 



DEKALB COUNTY. 

Area in square miles, 209. Population, 23,000. 

Tax rate lor 1891 per $100, $1.07. 

Bondeil debt, none. 

Predominating topsoils, gray gravel and red clay. 

Percentage of lands for eale 20— In bodies of 5 to 500 acres. 

Price of good average farm lands per acre, $j to $15 

N'dtive Grasses — Bermuda, Crab, etc. 

Grasses best suited — Bermuda. Clover, Alfalfa, Vetch. 

Kruits best adapted — All kinds well adapted. 

Grapes best adapted — Concord, Niagara, Ives, Delaware, etc. 

Predominating timber in proportion named — Oak, Pine, etc. 

Minerals, St'ines, etc. — Inexhaustible quantities of Granite 

Streams with water powers — South River, Snapfinger and 
Peach tree Crfeks. 

High Schools and Colleges — Two Institutes, One Free Acad- 
emy, and Free Schools. 

For further information address W. J. Houston, N. Decatur, 
Ga. 

FULTON COUNTY. 

Area in square miles, 166. Population, 115,000 

Tax rate lor 1894 per $100, $1.10 (estimated). 

B iiided debt, none 

Predominating topsoils, gray gravel and red clay. 

Percentage of lands for sale. 10 — In bodies of 1 to 2-10 acres 

Price of good average farm lands per acre, $25 to $200. 

Native Grasses — Bermuda and Crab. 

Grasses best suited — Bermuda, Clover, Alfalfa, Timothy, etc. 

Fruits best adapted — Apples. Peaches and all small fruits 

Grapes best adaptid — Concord, Ives, Niagara, Delaware. 

Predominating timber in proportion named — Oak, Pine and 

Hickory. 
Streams with water powers — Chattahoochee River. 
High Schools and Colleges — Three Colleges, various Free 

Academies, Graded Free Schools. 
For further information address Northen & Dunson, Atlan 

U, Qa. 

WARREN COUNTY. 

Area in square miles, 2i54. Population, 11,000. 

Tax rate for 1891 per $100, 56 cents. 

Bonded debt, none. 

Predominating topsoils, gray, red clay, sandy loam. 

Percentage of lands for sale, 25 — In bodies of 10 to 3,000 

acres. 
Price of good average farm lands per acre, $4 to $8. 
Native Grasses — Bermuda, Crab and others. 
Grasses best suited — Bermuda, Alfalfa, Herd, Orchard, Vetch. 
Fruits best adapted — Peaches, Pears, Plums, Apricots, etc. 
Grapes best adapted — Niagara, Concord, Delaware, Scupper- 

nong, etc. 
Predominating timber in proportion named — Pine, Oak. 

Hickory, Poplar. 
Minerals, Stones, etc — Gold, fine Granite, and brick clays. 
Streams with water powers — Ogeechee River has fine shoals. 
High Schools and Colleges — Three Free Academies and Free 

Schools. 
For further information address A. S. Morgan, Warienton, 

Ga. 



Hundreds of Water Powers. 



BIBB COUNTY. 

Area in square miles, 235. 

Population, 42,370. 

Tax rate for 1894 per |100, |1.00. 

Bonded Debt, $30,000. 

Predominating topsoils, red, gray, alluvial bottoms. 

Percentage of lands for sale, 20 — In bodies of 10 to .500 acres. 

Price of good average farm lands per acre, $8 to $50. 

Native Grasses — Bermuda, Crab, Texas Blue Grass. 

Grasses best suited — Bermuda, Jobnson, Alfalfa, otbera. 

Fruits best adapted — Peache.5, Pears, small fruits. 

Grapes best adapted — Niagara, Delaware, (Joncord. etc. 

Predominating timber in proportion named — Pine, Oak, 

Poplar, Asb, etc. 
Minerals, Stones, Etc. — Fire and Brick Clays. 
Streams with water powers — Ocmulgee River, two creeks. 
Schools and Colleges — Four Colleges, Academies, Graded Free 

Schools. 
For further information address Legare Walker, Macon, Ga. 



PRINCIPAL CITIES AND 
TOWNS. 



Brief descriptions are given of the principal cities and 
towns under this he,ading, including the kinds of Manufac- 
tories. All of these towns furnish splendid openings for 
profitable manufacturing, and are healthy and delightful 
towns to live in. 

ATLANTA. 

"The Capital OUi/." 

Population of city and suburbs, 108,000. 

Bonded debt, $2 112,.500. 

Assessed valuation of property, f37,50i),000. 

City tax rate, on two-thirds valuation. §1.50 per $100. 

Railroad lines, 10. 

Death rate— Whites, 14 09 per 1,000. 

Street Car mileage (Electric), 65 miles. 

Banks, 17. 

Schools— Three Colleges and fine Graded Schools. 

Churches, 69 — All denominations. 

Extensive Water Works. 

Complete Fire and Police Departments. 

Gas and Electric Lights. 

Amount invested in Manufacturing Enierprises, $9 508,962. 

Principal Manufactured Products — Cotton Goods, Lumber, 
Furniture, Foundry Products, Cotton Seed Oil, Fertili- 
zers, Coffins, Trunks, Glass Bottles, Paper and Paper 
Bags, Patent Medicines, and others. 

DESCKlrTION. 

Atlanta is the Capital of the State, and although it had 
but 10,000 population in 1865, it is now the Largest city in 
the South except hevf Orleans, and is noted for the enter- 
prising and progressive spirit of its people. Centrally located, 
it is the distributing point for six States, and the Southern 
headquarters of all large National Corporations doing busi- 
ness in the South. Situated at the Eastern base of the Blue 



Ridge Mountain slope, it is 1,055 feet above the sea level, and 
has an exhilarating and healthy climate. The State Capitol, 
constructed of native Georgia Marble and Granite, atan expense 
of one million dollars, is one of the handsomest in the whole 
country, and the architecture of all buildings is modern and 
attractive. Its population is m.ade up largely of Northern 
and Western people, as well as people from all the Southern 
States, and it has all the appearances of a hustling Western 
city. It has numerous elegant suburbs, accessible by Elec- 
tric Cars, built up with magnificent residences, and affording 
most delightful homes- It has a more diversified manufac- 
ing interest than most Southern cities, but is noted more for its 
extensive commercial interest, especially its wholesale trade, 
which extends all over the South and Southwest. 

AUGUSTA. 

"TAe fountain City." 

Population of city and suburbs, .50,000. 

City tax rate, $1.25 per $100. 

Assessed valuation of property, $22,122,500. 

Bonded debt (incurred iirincipally to build Canal), §1,744,500. 

Death rate— Whites, 12.04 per 1,000. 

Railroad lines, 10, and one Steamboat line. 

Street Car mileage (Electric), 25 miles. 

Banks, 8. 

Colleges and Schools— Medical College, Graded Free Schools, 

a fine Conservatory of Music, two Academies, and vari- 

Private Schools. 
Churches, 42 — All denominations. 
Gas and Electric Lights. 
Extensive Water Works. 
Complete Fire and Police Departments. 
Invested in Manufacturing, $7,075,000. 
Principal Manufactured Products — Cotton Goods (12 mills 

with 220,000 spindles), Lumber, Fertilizers, Waste, Gla=s 

Bottles, Foundry and Machine Shop Products, Sash, 

Doors and House Finishines, Cu.-turn Clothing and others. 
Water Power — The Augusta Canal (owned by the city), with 

14,500 horse power, leases power to manfacturers at 

$5.50 per horse power per annum. 

DESCRIPTION. 

Augusta is situatrd in a beautiful valley at the head 
of navigation on the Savannah liive.', and surrounded by a 
chain of hills 300 feet above and overlooking the city, which 
are accessible by Electric Cars, and occupied by handsome 
homes. The magnificent Hotel, "Bon-Air," and many excel- 
lent Boarding Houses, located on these heights, are extensively 
patronized by Northern people seeking a mild and healthy cli- 
mate in the Winter. The principal business street, in ihe city, 
three miles long and 150 feet wide, paved with Asphalt, and 
the principal residence street, ihe same width with four rows 
of great Oaks, and I'arka m the center, cannot be surpassed, 
and Augusta is known as one of the most beautiful cities, 
naturally, to be found. Surrounded by a productive trade 
territory, it has an aggregate annual trade of sixty-five mil- 
lions of dollars, but it is chiefly noted for its great Canal 
Water Power — said to be the largest in the United States, 
and as the most extensive Cotton Goods manufacturing centre 
in the South. 

Its people are noted for their conservation, but are pro- 
gressive, and are making an organized eflTort to induce Capi- 



rUKt FREESTONE WATER. 



talieta to inTMt in Commercisl and lodnitnal •nt«rpriae«; 
and witb iU extensive and cheap waler power, and extraor- 
dinary traneportatioD facilities, few citiee oBer ereater natural 
advantagae lor both Indostnal and Commercial auterpriBa*. 

MACON. 

'Tht Central dty." 

Fopnlation of city and sabarbe, 35,000. 

Bonded debt, |".ti8,000. 

Assessed valuation of property, $14,623,999, 

City tax rate, f 1.25 per $100. 

Railroad lines, 9. 

Death rate— Whites, 9.41 per 1,000. 

Banks, 6. 

Street Car mileage (Electric), 20 mileo. 

Colleges and Schools — Four Colleges and Graded Free Schools. 

Churches — .\11 denominations, 45. 

Gas and Electric Lights. 

Extensive Water Works. 

Complete Fire and Police Departments. 

Amount invested in manufacturing, $3,98R,900. 

Principal Manufacturing Products — Cotton Goods, Brick and 
Tile, Foundry and Machine Shop Products, Lumber, 
Fertilizers, Furniture, Knit Goods, and others. 

DESCRIPTION. 

Situated almost in the centre of the State, Macon is 
known as the "Central City." It sets on the banks of the 
Ocmulgee River in a rolling country with Red Clay lands, 
and is important both as a Commercial and Manufacturing 
City; also as an Educational Centre. Mercer University and 
the Wesleyan Female College are located there, and it has 
other splendid Schools teaching the higher branches of edu- 
cation. It has an extensive and productive trade territory 
and does a large wholesale business. The streets are broad 
and airy with parks in the centre, and it has many hand- 
some public and private buildings. It is also noted for its 
beautiful suburban environments and healthfulness, and is 
patronized as a Winter Resort for Northern people to con- 
siderable extent. The people are enterprising and pro- 
gressive, and are making great effort to induce Capitalists and 
thrifty classes of people from the North to invest and settle 
there. 

ATHENS. 

"Tht Ooitic OUy." 

Population, 12,000. 

Town tax. jl.lO per $100. 

Lighted by Electricity and Ga«. 

Water Supply — Waterworks. 

Railroads—Georgia Railroad and three others. 

Churches, 24 — All denominations. 

Colleges and Schools — Slate University, Lucy Cobb Institute, 

State Normal School, several High Schools, and Graded 

Free Schools. 
Banks, 1— Capital of same, $310,000. 

DESCRIPTION. 

Athens is located in a high rolling country on the Oconee 
River, where the lands are red and fertile and more or less 
gravelly, and on account of ita Colleges and Schooli, it is 



known as the "Classie City." The State University, one of 

the most thoroughly equipped and celebrated Colleges in the 
United States, with handsome buildings and beaotiful Campus 
grounds, is located there ; also the Lucy C' bb institute, 
endowed by the late Geo. I. Seney, of New York, the Georgia 
Normal School, and various Schools teaching the higher 
branches ol education. It was the birthplace of eloquent 
and noted Henry Grady, deceased, who electrified the country 
eight years ago with his great eptecb on the "New South,' 
in the City of New York. It is also important as a Manu- 
facturing City, and has several large Cotton Mills, operated by 
Water Power from the Oconee River. Two branches of this 
River and McMutt's Creek coming together there, all have 
extensive Water Powers, undeveloped and developed. 

The climate and healthfulness are unsurpassed, and the 
people are enterprising and cordial. 

Grovetown, Columbia County. 

Population, 400. 

Town tax rate per $100, none. 

Lighted by Lamps. 

Water Supply — Wells and Springi. 

Railroads — Georgia Railroad. 

Manufactories, none. 

Schoolt, — One High School and Free Schools. 

Churches — Baptist, Methodist. 

A Winter resort for Northern people and Summer resort 
for Augusta people. 

Harlem, Columbia County. 

Population, 1,200. 

Town tax rate per f 100, 20 centa. 

Lighted by Lamps. 

Water Supply— Wells. 

Banks, none. 

Newspapers, one. 

Railroads — Georgia Railroad. 

Manufactories — Sash and Blinds. 

Schools — Two Free Schools. 

Churches — Two Methodist. 

A pretty and healthy town. The home of many Georgia 
Railroad employees. 

Thomson, IVIcDuffie County. 

Population, 900. 

Town tax rate per $100, 30 cents. 

Lighted by Lamps. 

Water Supply — Wells and Cisterns. 

Banks, one— Capital of same, $25,000. 

Newspapers, two. 

Railroads — Georgia Railroad. 

Manufactories — Small Canning Factory, Grist Mill. 

Schools — One High and one Common Free School. 

Churches — Two Baptist, two Methodist. 

Located on a high plateau and in a good country. 

Stone Mountain, DeKalb County. 

Population, 800. 

Town tax rate per $100, none. 

Lighted by Lamps. 

Water Supply — Wells and Springi. 

Railroada— Georgia Railroad. 



Cheap Building Materials. 



Manufactories — Largest Granite Qnarries in the Sonth. 

Schools — Free Schools. 

Churches — Baptist, Methodist, Presbyterian. 

Takes its name from an isolated Stone Mountain there. 
Very healty country. 

Jefferson, Jackson County. 

Population, 750, 

Town tax rate per $100, none. 

Lighted by Lamps. 

Water Supply — Wells and Springs. 

Railroads — Georgia Railroad Branch. 

Manufactories, none of note. 

Schools — Two High, and Common Free Schools. 

Churches — Baptist, Methodist, Presbyterian. 

Located in a high rolling country, very healthy; lands 
fertile. 

Sparta, Hancock County. 

Population, 1,800. 
Town tax rate per $100, 25 cents. 
Lighted by Lamps. 
Water Supply — Wells and Cisterns. 
Banks, one — Capital of same, $40,000. 
Newspapers, one. 

Railroads — Georgia Railroad; another building. 
Manufactories — A small Cotton Factory. 
Schools — One Academy, and one Common Free School. 
Churches — Baptist, Methodist, Presbyterian and Catholic. 
A thriving, healthy town, located in a productive country. 

Warrenton, Warren County. 

Population, 1,100. 

Town tax rate per f 100, 25 cents. 

Lighted by Lamps. 

Water Supply — ^Wells and Cisterns. 

Banks, one — Capital of same, f 25,000. 

Newspapers, one. 

Railroads — Georgia Railroad. 

Manufactories, none. 

Schools — Two Academies, and Free Schools. 

Churches — Three Baptist, two Metliodist. 

Surrounded by a fine rolling country; a pretty town. 

Washington, Wilkes County. 

Population, 3,000. 

Town tax rate per $100, 50 cents. 

Lighted by Electricity. 

Water Supply — Wells and Cisterns. 

Banks, one — Capital of same, $60,000. 

Newspapers, two. 

Railroads — Georgia Riilroad. 

Manufactories — Cotton Seed Oil Mill and two Brick Yards 

Schools — One Male and one Female. 

Churches — Presbyterian, Baptist, Methodist and Episcopal. 

A fine business town with intelligent and progressive 
people. 

Crawfordville, Taliaferro County. 

Population, 650. 

Town tax rate per $100, none. 

Lighted by Lamps. 



Water Supply— Wells. 

Newspapers, one. 

Railroads — Georgia Railroad. 

Manufactories, none. 

Schools — One High School, Free Schools. 

Churches — Baptist, Methodist, Presbyterian. 

An old town, very healthy, was the home of Hon. Alex. 
H. Stephens. 

Greensboro, Greene County. 

Population, 1,600. 

Town tax rate per $100, 25 cents. 

Lighted by Lamps. 

Water Supply — Wells and Cisterns. 

Banks, one — Capital of same, $70,000. 

Newspapers, one. 

Railroads — Georgia Railroad. 

Manufactories, none. 

Schools — One High School, Free Schools. 

Churches — Baptist, Methodist, Presbyterian, Episcopal. 

A very heakhy and prosperous town. Needs manufac- 
tories. 

Covington, Newton County. 

Population, 2,100. 

Town tax rate per f 100, 50 cents. 

Lighted by Lamps. 

Water Supply — Wells and Cisterns. 

Banks, one — Capital of same, $79,000. 

Newspapers, two. 

Railroads — Georgia Railroad and another. 

Manufactories — A Guano Factory and one 'Wagon Factory. 

Schools — One College, one High School, besides Free Schools. 

Churches — Presbyterian, Baptist and Methodist. 

A splendid town in a fine section. Progressive people. 

Madison, Morgan County. 

Population, 3,000. 

Town tax rate per $100, 50 cents. 

Lighted by Electricity. 

Water Supply — Wells and Cisterns. 

Banks, one — Capital of same, $75,000. 

Newspapers, one. 

Railroads — Georgia Railroad and M. & N. R. R. 

Manufactories — Furniture, Cotton Seed Oil Mills and Can- 
ning Factory. 

Schools — One High School, Free, and Free Common Schools. 

Churches — Presbyterian, Baptist, Methodist, Episcopal. 

A growing town, very healthy. The people are pro- 
gressive. 

Conyers, Rockdale County. 

Population, 1,400. 

Town tax rate per $100, none. 

Lighted by Lamps. 

Water Supply^Wells and Springs. 

Banks, one — Capital of same, $50,OiJ0. 

Newspapers, two. 

Railroads — Georgia Railroad. 

Manufactories — Cotton Seed Oil Mill. 

Schools — Free Schools. 

Churches — Baptist, Methodist and Presbyterian. 

A very eubatantial town and conseryative people. 



23 



Docatur. DeKalb County. 

Population, 2.000. 
Town tax rate per $100, 50 cent«. 
Lighted by Lamps. 
Water Supply—Wells. 
Banks, none. 
Newspapers, two. 
Railroads — Ueorgia Railroad. 
Manufactories, none. 

Schools — Two Institutes and Free Schools. 
Churches — Baptist. Methodist, Presbytfrian. Episcopal. 
A handsome suberb of the City of Atlanta. 

Gainesville, Hall County. 

Population, ;3,500. 

Town tax rate per f 100, 75 cents. 

Lighted by Electricity. 

Water Supply — Waterworks. 

Banks, two— Capital of same, $103,000 

Newspapers, three. 

Railroads — Geoigia Railroad and Southern Railway. 

Manufactoriec— Shoe Factories, Tanneries, Cotton Mill. 

Furniture and others. 
Schools — One College, two High Schools and Common Free 

Schools. 
Churches — Baptist. Methodist, Presbyterian and Episcopal. 

A growing, healthy town in a splendid country, at base 
of Mountain slope. 

Monroe, Walton County. 

Population, 1,100. 

Town tax rate per $100, none. 

Lighted by Lamps. 

Water Supply— Wells. 

Banks, two — Capital of same, f 25,000. 

Newspapers, one. 

Railroaas — Georgia Railroad Bn nch. 

Schools — One Institute and Free Schools. 

Churches — Baptist and Methodist. 

Located in a very healthy and fertile reclion. 

Milledgeville, Baldwin County. 

Population, 4,000. 

Town tax rate per $100, $1.25. 

Lighted by Electricity. 

Water Supply — Waterworks. 

Banks, one — Capital of same, $58,000. 

Newspapers, one. 

Railroaas — Georgia Railroad, and Central Railroad of Ga. 

Schools — Two Colleges and Free Schools. 

Churches — Methodist. Baptist, Presbyterian and Catholic. 

Former Capital of the State, and is a healthy, pretty and 
thriving town. State Lunatic Asylum located there; also 
Stat« Normal SchooL 

Social Circle, Walton County. 

Population, 800. 

Town tax rate per $100, none. 

Lighted by Lamps. 

Wat«r Supply — Wells and Springs. 

Banks, one — Capital of same, private. 



Newspapers, none, 

Railroaas — Junction of Georgia Railroad and Hk Gainesville 

Branch. 
Manufactories, none. 
Schools — Free Schools. 
Chnrcbes — Methodist and Baptist. 

Located in a splendid section; fertile lands, among the 
best in the State. 



STATION AGENTS 

At Principal Points on the 



Augusta ^""- V- StftBSHll 

Grovetown C J. ClifTord 

Bcrzelia H A. Merrj- 

Harlem A. E. Shipley 

Thomson H. S. Palmer 

Mcseiia J. C. Johnson 

Norwood T. K. Masseugale 

Hariiott W. B. Veazey 

Cruwfordville W. O. Holden 

Union Point H. B. Hart 

Greensboro R. L. Caldwell 

Madison H. T. Guest 

Itutledge M. A. Murrow 

Social Circle I. R. Scruggs 

Covington R C. Gwinn 

(/onyers J. L. Norman 

Lithonia E. W. Cox 

Stone Mountain J. B. i^mith 

Clarkson L. L. Oslin 

Decatur J. A. Montgomery 

Atlanta E. A. Werner 

Warrenton S. G. Neal 

Maylle'd W. A. Thompson 

Sparta R. A. Chapman 

Browns D. W. Brown 

Millfdgeville G. H. Purnell 

Macon H. Young 

Washington R. O. Barksdale 

Maxcys A. T. Boat wright 

Crawford A. Little 

Athens H. N. Harris 

Monroe C. T. Mobley 

Winder N.J. Kelly 

Belmont W. K. Vandivieie 

Gainesville G. H. Fuller 

JefVerson R. B. Maxwell 

White Plains J. R. Parker 



Si 



COLLEGES AND SCHOOLS 




WKSLKYAN FEMALE COLI.EGH, MACON— MAIN BUILDING. 



UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA 

AND ITS BRANCHES. 

1 I /HE University of Georgia, at Athens, was chartered hy 
ri lb the General Assembly in 1785, and opened in l.SOl. 
For more than a half a century tlie history of the Uni- 
versity has been the history of Georgia. The prosperity of 
the one was the giowth of the other, and many of th.ise who 
have illustrated the iState in peace and war received their 
training ai this historic and honored institution. 

The charter act cirried with it an appropriation of 40,000 
acres of valuable State lands, and the proceeds of the lands 
accruing to Georgia under the act of Congress m 18fi2, making 
munificent donations of public lands to each State f>'r educa- 
tional purposes, ware transferred to the University by the 
State. These, with other State appropriations and private 
bequests, put the institution on an excellent financial basis, 
and the annual income is now about fifty thousand dollars. 
Thus the "foundation of ihe fathers' — a simple college with 
close curriculum — has grown to be a cooDplex Dniver-iiy, 
founded on a broad and philo.-ophical systeoi, where litera- 
ture and science are taught in numero'is schools, consisting 
of the parent University, the Law School, the Slate Collc/e 
of Agricut'ureand Mechanic Arts, at Athens; the Slate Medi- 
cal College, at Augusta; the Georgia Normal and Industrial 



College, fir giils, at Milledgeville; the State Technological 
Co lege, at Atlanta, and the following branch colleges for 
elementary and preparatory training: 

Middle Georgia Military and Agricultural College, at Mil- 
led teville. 

Norih Oenrgia Agricultural College, at Dahlonega. 

iS'ci»/A Oeorgia Military and Agricultural College, at 
Thorn isville- 

West Georgia Agricultural and Mechanical College, at 
Hamilton. 

The management of the University is vested in a Board 
of Trustees appolntid by the Governor of the State and con- 
firmed by the Senate (one from each congressional district). 
The Governor of the State and the presidents of the branch 
colleges are members ex-officio of the board. 

Tha University grounds are located in the heart of the 
city of Athens, and cover an area of 37 acres. They fnrnish 
sites for the College Chapel, ihe L brary building, the Gym- 
nasiums and Y. M. C. A, building, the Dormitory, the 
Chancellor's residence, and the houses occupi<-d by several of 
the Professors. They also embrace the parade ground of the 
University Battalion and Athletic Association. The Uni- 
ver^ily farm is located two miles from the College and contains 
65 acres. 

20 



Georgia Medical College, at Augusta., has boen in op- 

^ralioEi for hull >i cciiuicy. iiiul r-inks iiraont; the most 
iliorough medical ci.Ueges in the country Tbe college buil- 
iliDg is a large and commodious structure, with all its ap- 
liointmonts oi the first order, a valuable Ana'oniical Museum, 
a Library of 5,00U volumes, a convenent Dcfsecling Hall, and 
an extensive I'hyeico Chemical Laboratory. It has under 
lis control the City Uospital.City Dispensary and Freedman'e 
MoBpital. 

Georgia Technological College, at Atlanta.— This school 

wasestabliRlinl lu K^.^iS. and uoLUpiesa heauliful site consisting 
of 9 acres. The buildings aie ornamental brick stri.cturei- 
and afford ample accommodations in halls, offices, apparatus 
rooms, recitation and lecture rooms, freehand mechanical 
drawing roonH, library and chapel. 

The wrorki-hop, also of brick, is beautifully designed with 
reference to its use, and allordi ample space for various de- 
partments of in-tructifin. The course of study provides an 
education of high grade, founded on mathematics, the English 
language, the physical tciencps and drawing, while it gives 
such familiarity wit,h some industrial persuit as will enable 
the graduate to earn a living. It marks the beginning of a 
new era in the education of the Southern youth iQ industrial 
arts, and has won fame for u» louiidcic 



Georgia Normal and Industrial College, for ijirli. at Mil- 
It'dgeville. — Ksial.hr-lied in l^til, iliis iiisiituiiou has proved 
to be one of I ho most ui^eful in the South. 

The site comprise' the old S ate Capitol grounds of 20 
acres, donated ly the St.tle. The College building is a beau- 
tiful and c mmodius editio-) of three stones, and the Dormi- 
tory consists of tie Governor's old mansion and an annex 
conne'ted by arcade. The curriculum consists of the Normal, 
J ndustrial, ('ollegiate and Dum^stic depariments. This insti- 
tution is doing for the girls what the Technolngical College 
is doing for the boyf. It was established largely throuqh the 
elToris of the present Governor of the Slate, lion. W. Y. 
Atkinson. 

Middle Georgia Military and Agricultural College, at 

Milledgeville. — Tliis excellent school occupies tlie old State 
Capitol building near the Normal and Industrial College, 
and is a well equipped school. 

Military tactics form a part of the conrseof instrnction, and 
Cadets are required to wear uniforms. The military depart- 
ment is under the command of Lieut. Albert B. Scott, of the 
United States Army. 

A commercial course is provided for students desiring to fit 
themselves for business life. The attendance is large and tbe 
school is pojiiilir. 










^'iMlift 




I.I.KMOKVILLE, OA. 



S6 




QEOKGIA MILITARY AND AGKICULTUKAI, COLLEGE- 
EMORY COLLEGE, at Oxford, Ga. 

Chartered in 18313, this olJ institution is one of the most 
conspicuous in the history of education in the Stale. 



-OLD STATE CAPITOL — MILLEDGVILLE, GA. 



It 

locaied in one of the liealthiest sections of the State, has 
large and handsome campus, and the buildings are attractive 
and commodious, with all conveniences. It is well endowed 
by the late George I. Seeney, of New York, and others, 
and has a "loan fund" to assiai indigent young men in secur- 
ing a collegiate educatiion — relying on their honor and ability 
to Day back in after years. The curriculum is broad, modern 
ani complete, and "Emory" College is a housfhold word 
throughout this section of the South. Indeed, it ranks as 
one of the most complete and honored institutions in the 
whole country. The Library contains 8,0U0 volumes. 

It is under the control of the State Methodist. Conference, 
but welcomes students of all religious denominations. 

The Faculty, with Rev. W. A. Candler at the head, is able 
and progressive. 

MERCER UNIVERSITY, at Macon, Ga. 

Established originally at Pennfield, Greene connty, in 
18 — . Mercer University was removed m 1870 to its present 
beautiful site in Macon, which was donated by that city. 
The campus is second to none, and the buildings are modern, 
capacious and attractive. 

This famous old Baptist institution is closely connected 
with the history of the State. It is one of the best known in 
the South, and is the Alma Mater of some of the most distin- 
guished men in thecountry. The curriculum embraces all the 
branches taught in the most modern college.'* everywhere, 
and it is equipped with all the requirements of a first class 
college. To be a graduate of "Mercer" is an honor sought 
by hundreds of young men in the South. 

WESLEYAN FEMALE COLLEGE, at Macon, Ga. 

This splendid institution waa chartered in 1836, and has 
the honor to be the first college in the world to confer the 



Academic Degrees upon women. As an educational institn- 
tion for women it has few equals, and is well and favorably 
known among educated women throughout the South. The 
late George I. Seney, the well known philanthropist of New 
York, endowed thia college handsomely. 

The architectural design of the buildings is among the beet, 
the campus is beautiful and attractive, and the curriculum is 
second to none. Alihough under the control of the State 
Methodist Conference, this college is extensively patrouized 
by young ladies of all the religious denominations, and the 
coarse of study and domestic training cannot be excelled. 

LUCY COBB INSTITUTE, at Athens, Ga. 

This well known seminary was established in 1858, through 
the effoits of Gen. T. R. R. Cobb, is named after his daughter, 
and is one of the most important in the State. 

The location isin the princ pal residence section of thecity 
and embraces 4 acres; the buildings and grounds with abun- 
dant shrubbery present a handsome view, and in addition to 
to the main building a handsome chapel — the gift of the late 
George I. Seney of New York — is of much service in the pub- 
lic exercises of the institution. 

The curriculum is broad and complete, and the institution 
13 rfgarded throughout the South as very complete in the 
higher education and training of young ladies. 

AGNES SCOTT INSTITUTE, at Decatur, Ga. 

This school was founded in 1889, to supply along felt need 
of the rapidly growing seclion in which it is located, and has 
already become noted for the complete education it affords 
for young ladies. Being only miles from Atlanta, it is. 
claimed by the people of ihat city as an Atlanta enterprise, 
and receives, to a large exttnt, its support from patrons there. . 
The mam building, constructed of brick and native granite 
and marble, is a n assive edifice of the most modern type It 
stands on the crest of a commanding ridge, and the grounds . 
are adorned with large oaks. The boarding department,,, 



under the ropurvi^ioD of tlio malroD. forni'heB cheap aid 
coniforiabld liv ng atid the coiii|'leie drntcnc und rtiigioui" 
liamiDp, and | liVKUal culluie, aie alliacnve liemief. 

The cuiriculuni is dividtd into prtinirutury, collegiate, 
mubit, arl8 aod tcience. 

GEORGIA FEMALE JEMINAF.Y, AND CCNSERVATCRY OF 
MUSIC, at Galnt&ville, ba. 

Thie iottilutioD is localed in oLe of ihe healiliio'l and n^oot 
nro>:re»E>ive lowne in lie >?lii1e. al the I a»e ol the B ue Ridge 
Mounlainc. in »n elegant cl mate, lie camius (nibrticii^ 9 
acres Kliddid with ]>riD ev^l Oukp, and the LuildiugK aieLuilt 
of hricke and native granite and maible. 

The curijruliim tnibisrec piiniary, pieparalory, collegiate, 
induftrial, niunc, bn k liei j^ing aid tjptwriting dej.ail- 
mentf, and dcintstic «ccn( my and ) hvficai culluie. 

The Coni-ervati ry has bien nioi-t hucc^ching, to be appointed by the Governor. 
The State Univ. ri-ity donated ihe old Roik College building 
and SIX aoe." of ground fur this school, and it is tupporied 
for the present liy ihe "Gilmer fund" (a I eque-t fr"m a dis- 
imguii-hed (xGoverncr and pbilanthropiti;, and the ''i'ea- 
bgiiv lui d." 

The Coll'ge boildirg is a large three story structure situ- 
ated one miie from the citv, on a high o mmandii g hill, and 
the purioundings aie atiracii\e. The »chool is open duiing. 
the summer vacation cf the j ublic schools, and students and 
the m< si dutingui>hed educators in the State gather there in 
large nunlber^ ouiirg the sessit n. The leiture coursts are 
most excellei.t, and already this institution baa acccmplithed 
splendid retiilis in the tiaimng of teachers. 

C(pi(ol Fcirde College, st All2nt8, Ga., is a fineubool, 

with a well esliil'li.-l.ed rtpui»tion. 

Atlanta Medical and Ecuthern Vedical Colleges, at At- 

laMa, ta., :'ii 1 1 il, n ( c).i, i' « !¦> i >• i . < li ilhuuholb. 

HIGH SCHOOLS (PREPARATORY). 

Among the most important hi^b tcbools in the territory 
are the f llowing: 

Private — The Heme S'hool for young, at Athens; Ihe 
Bill aid High t-'dool If r yturg ladies, at Atlanta; the Har- 
lem Institute, at llarkm; the Stephens H'gh School, at 
CiawfordviUe (foutded &&d endowed Ly the Hon. Alexander 



H. Stephens, the distinguisheii statesman and philanthropist); 
the Perry-Rainey Institute, at Lawrencrville; the Norcross, 
Institate, at Norcioss; George F. Paerce Institute, at Thomson; 
Thomas Stocks Institute, at Greensboro; Palmira Institute, 
at Covington; Orphans Institute, at Madison (heavily en- 
dowed); Donald Frazier Military School, at Decatur; Ly- 
thonia Institute, at Lythonia; Washington Institute, at 
Linoolnton; the Orphan Asylum School, at Augusta, and 
Hunter's Preparatory School, at Atlanta. Some of these 
schoois are .heavily endowed, and have free sctiolarships, 
while others have free tuition for all students. ' 



ROMAN CATHOLIC SCHOOLS. 

St. Stanislaus College, at Macen, Ga., is beautifully 
situated in Vineville, a pretty suburb of Macon. It is under 
the control of the Jesuit Fathers, and is one of the most im- 
portant Catholic institutions in the State. 

The grounds and buildings are extensive and attractive, 
and in addition to the cultivation of the mind, the students 
pay much attention to horticulture. 

St Mary's Academy, at Macon, Ga. — This institution is 
splendidly equipped lor the complete education of girls, and 
has a broad celebrity among Catholic families, while many 




^^* 



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(.iE'jKUI,\ TEUUNOLOGICAL COLLEGE, ATL.\>;TA, G.4.. 



Public High ScllOOls, and those supported partially 
by public school funds. — Richmond Academy (male), at 
Augusta — -the oldest incorporated school in the South and 
heavily endowed by the State in 17S3; Tubman High School, 
Augusta; Girls High School and Boys High School, Atlanta, 
the Qresham, Nesbitt, Worrier, Walden and Union High 
Schools, at Macon; King High School, at Covington; and 
High Schools atGrovetown, Lincolnton, JeBerson, GiUsville, 
Chestnut Mountain, Flowery Branch, Harmony Grove, 
LawrenceviUe, Social Circle, Monroe, WatkinsviUe, Conyers, 
Madison, Sparta, MiUedgeville and Clinton 

.Academies at Warrenton, Norwood, Mesena, Lexington, 
Crawford, &c. 



Protestants take advantage of its splendid facilities and send 
their daughters to it. 

St. Patricia's College, at Augusta, Ga., was founded in 

1^75, 13 e.xcellently I'quipped and enjoys an enviable repu- 
tation. It admits pupils of all religious faiths. 

St. Mary's Academy, at Augusta, Ga., is a girle' school 

of most excellent reputation. The course 'of study is 
extensive and complete, and much attention is paid to 
training the pupils in domestic economy and physical culture. 

Sacred Heart Academy, at Augusta, Ga,. was established 

in l>i75, and is a popular and successful school. 

St. Joseph's Academy, at Washington, Ga., is one of th» 




girls' PUBMl' HUni SCHOOL, ATLANTA, GA. 



most complete and thorongh schoole in the whole country, ami 
in domestic and indastnal training cannot he excelled. 
Academy of Immaculate Conception, at Atlanta, Ga., 

Is another excellent Bchool, and the t'on%'ent school at 
Sharon, and Academy at Sparta consist of the other Catholic . 
BchooU of importance. 

STATE PUBLIC SCHOOL SYSTEM. 

The State poblir nchool fund is derived from a direct tax of 
1.4 mills, the poll tax and donilions by the Trustees of the 
Peabody fund, which, combined, support oneof the bes'.organ- 
ized and most complete free school system* of all the Slates. 
The term for State echooU in every county di'^trict is five 
months, with separate schools for nesjroe-i, and ihe schools 
are graded into primiry, conimin and grammar schools. 

County and City Public Schools —The Legislature may 

grant special authority to any coiniry or rity lo levy an addi- 
tional tax to continue iha free Rchoil.iorihern and 
S^utbern pliilanlliro|iis's. among whidi are the Atlanta 
University. Vtarkc Univer'ili/. Morris Brown College, Oammon 
'Iheolngiral Semmari/, Altanla Bojitiil Seminari/, Atlanta 
Female Collea', alt at Atlinla; Haines Institute, Paynet In- 
stitute and IVa'C High Schwil. at Augus'a. Some of these 
are handsomely endowed, and some aie partially supported 
by the public school fund. 




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UNUKAUED KUKAr, I'lIBLlC SCHOOL. 



IM)i:X TO COXTUMS. 



Building Stones 

Building Material. ¦ 

Climate.. 

County Descriptions 

Cities "and Towns 

Dairying 

Easttni-Middie Georv'ia 

Kduc!ilicMi!il Advantages 

Farm Staples 

Corn, Wheat, Oats, Rye, Tobacc". Broom Corn... 

Hops, Upland Itice, Artichokes, Cotton 

Chufas, Sweet I'otutoes, Culibage, I'eanuts 

Sugarcane, IJuclcwbeat, Klax, Indigo, Uaraie... 
Fruit Growing ¦ 

Apples, Apricots. Cherries. Pears, I'eaches, Grapes 

Plums, Japan IVrsinimons, Jn|). Medlars 

Strawberries, Ru8pl)erries. Jap. Bleasters 

Figs, Blackberries, Mulberries 

Fertilizers 

Farm Colonies 

Georgia, State of 

Grasses and Forage Crops 

Johnson Grass, Bermuda Grass, Vetch 

Red Clover, Alfalfa, Crab Grass. 'riiu"thy 

Blue Grass, Orcbnrd Grass, Red Top, etc 

Japan Clover, Tall Oat Grass, Col ley Grass. 1 
Cow Peas I 



)¦ 

14 

5 

17 

21 

15 

3 

(i 

8 

8 

8 

y 
J) 

12 
12 
12 
l.S 
13 
14 
17 
2 
9 
.10 
10 
10 

10 



Health •> 

Heultil Itesorts •* 

Hillinan's Klectric RockH and Springs •» 

Homestt'ad and other lOxemptions 1} 

Labur, prices and kind ...l-> 

Laws '•» 

Minerals '> 

Manufacturing— opporlunllies for I"» 

Price- of Lands (see also County descriptions) 7 

Soil * 

South, The '^ 

Speci il Advantages " 

Stoik Raising H 

Horses, Mules, I'at lie, Sheep II 

Hogs, Poultry, Bees ll 

Topography ¦* 

Temperature and Rainfall 4. 

Timl)er tirowth i 

Transportation Facilities 7 

Testimonials of Northern Men 1«> 

Vegetables and Truck Farming it 

Irish Potatoes, Green Peas, Celery, etc_ II 

Wrttoniielons, Tomatoes, Canning Vegetables ... U 

Water Supply •> 

Water Powers (see also County descriptions) •> 





KICll.MONl) .\rADKMV, Al'OU.STA, UA. 




TWontblxf ^ ^ ^ 

Cand a nd ^ome geezers ' 



^ ^ )^ Excursions 

FROM THE WEST, . 
NORTHWEST AND NORTH, 

Have been Arranged by tie 

And Its Connecting Lines. 

Tickets Permit Holders to Stop Off at 
Any Point on the Georgia Railroad. 

ASK RAaROAD AGENT FOR EXCURSION DATES. 

A. G. JACKSON, JOE W. WHITE, 

General Passenger Agent. Traveling Passenger Agent. 

J. F. ANDERSON. Gen'l Western Agent, 402 Railway Exchange 

Build'g.St. Louis. Mo. 
W. A. QUARLES, Soliciting Agent, 402 Railway Exchange Building, 

St. Louis, Mo. 
C. H. GRAVES, Soliciting Agent, 194 Clarke Street, Chicago, III. 
T. H. MOORE, C. F. A., Nashville, Tenn. 
J. W. KIRKLAND, Passenger Agent, Atlanta, Ga. 



Extremely Favorable Excursion Rates and Every Facility will be 

Furnished by the 

GEORGIA RAILROAD 

TO 'VISITOI«S TO THE 

COTTON STATES AND INTERNATIONAL EXPOSITION, 
OPENS SEPTEMBER 18, 1895. at atlajcta, ga. CLOSES DECEMBER 31, 1895. 

Who may desire to see the splendid section embraced in Eastern-Middle Georgia, and home-seekers 
will be directed to reliable parties in any of the counties, who will e.xlend to them courtesies and show lands 
for sale. Don't fail to avail yourself of this opportunily to see the beautiful cities of Augusta, Macon and 
Athens, the famous Hillman Electric Shaft, and other points of interest. 

Five splendid daily passenger trains into Atlanta, and five out. For particulars and tickets, apply to 
W. C. BOYKIN, Manager Georgia Railroad Exhibit, Transportation Building, 

{near the entrance from Lake side) Cotton States and International Exposition, Atlanta, Ga., or 

J. W. KIRKLAND, Soliciting Passenger Agent, Ga. R. R. Offices, Atlanta, Ga.