Compiled Genealogy

Descendants of
Thomas Pitman (1614 – about 1686)
of Surry County, Virginia

A study of Thomas1 Pitman, an early immigrant to Surry County, shows how colonial court records, tax records, and land records provide significant information in reconstructing an early family genealogy.  There are two challenges which make this Pitman family study difficult: repetitive names and the lack of wills and estate records for the earliest generations. The name Thomas is used in all generations in this study and William is used in the second and succeeding generations. The first will or estate record for any Pitman occurred in generation 4, about 80 years after Thomas’ arrival.  Nevertheless, with careful analysis of the available records, the family can be reconstructed with reasonable accuracy.

It should be noted at the outset that this study of the descendants of Thomas Pitman differs significantly from some current thinking on the Pitman family.  Without carefully studying the records, previous genealogists have reached the conclusion that the Thomas Pitman whose will is recorded in Isle of Wight County 1730 is the son of the immigrant.[]  It will be shown that he is really Thomas4 Pitman.  

The Pitman family is of early origin in Virginia.  The Pitman family first appeared in Surry County, Virginia about 1649.  When Thomas1 Pitman first arrived in the Surry County area, there were few people living in Virginia.  It was still part of James City County until 1652.  Those who had migrated to Surry by 1650 lived either near the James River or down one of the larger creeks but even then no more than two or three miles inland.  No towns existed during the 1600s in Surry County and transportation by water ways was the most common method of travel.  Surry County is very flat with very little elevation change from the James River to the Sussex County border of today.  A lot of trees and undergrowth had to be cleared in order for land to be used for farming.

In order to better understand the descendants of Thomas Pitman, some preliminary information is useful to know.  The following topics will be discussed first: the definition of some genealogical terms, tax records of Surry County mentioning Pitmans, and extent of the records used to create this Pitman genealogy.

Definitions of Genealogical Terms

In order to derive accurate genealogical information from the records of the period, it is necessary to understand that some terms for relationships have changed meaning over time.  Of particular importance in determining the relationships among the Pitmans, there are three genealogical terms that were typically used differently in the 1600s than they are today: son-in-law, friend, and Sr. and Jr.  First, “son-in-law” was used then to mean the same as stepson in our current vernacular.[]  Second, the term “friend” or “loving friend” sometimes but not always indicated a family relationship of some form or another.  That relationship may be close, such as cousin or relative of a spouse.  Last, if there are two men in the community with the same name, the oldest is called Sr. and the youngest is called Jr.  They may or may not be father and son.[]  The usage of Sr. and Jr. based on age and not relationship was very common in Surry County and less so in the surrounding counties before 1750.
 
Using Tax or Tithable Records in Tracing Pitmans

Even though there are no wills and estates for the first three generations of Pitmans, there are some significant clues contained in the Surry County records.  The tax records or tithables are available almost every year from 1668 to 1703 in the Surry County court records.  These annual tithables provide an adult male census of Surry County.  These tithables can also be very helpful at identifying the ages of individuals.  Although the age and other requirements change over time, the minimum age to be included as a tithable is consistently 16 for this period of time.[]

Attachment 1 lists all Pitman tithables for this period of time.  Some of the highlights of the attachment that will help to reconstruct the Pitman genealogy are as follows:

•	In 1678, there are a Capt. [Thomas] Pitman, William, and Thomas Jr.  Thomas Jr. and William are found in the same household.  Capt. Pitman is in Southwark Parish and Thomas Jr. and William are in Lawnes Creek.
•	The title Capt. is last used in 1683.
•	The years of 1684 and 1685 have only one Thomas.
•	In 1686, a Thomas Pitman has an additional description of “to ye Pish” added.  This description is in the records on a consistent basis until 1691.
•	In 1691, there are three Thomas Pitmans.  One Thomas Pitman is living by himself and the second is living with the Thomas Pitman that has the “to ye Pish” designation.
•	From 1691 to 1699, there is only one Thomas Pitman mentioned.
•	In 1694, there are two William Pitmans, with one of the William Pitmans living in the household with a Thomas Pitman.
•	In 1699, the only mention of Edward Pitman occurs.  He appears in the house of Thomas Pitman
•	From 1700 to 1703, there are two Thomases and two Williams.

Using Available Records

A study of the records shows that all Pitmans living in the Surry County area before 1750 are descendants of Thomas1 Pitman.  Even though a significant migration to the Surry County area occurred in the early 1700s, there is no record of any unrelated Pitman family in those counties.  Thomas Pitman and his descendants, beginning mostly in the third generation, began to move both south and west as cheaper land became available.

This documentation of Thomas1 Pitman and his descendants through the next three generations covered 14 counties over two states.  The land records for this area are excellent.  A smattering of statewide records proved useful in this research.  There are some counties, however, where the only available records are land and will records and possibly some court records.  Few church records survived in Virginia before 1750, and none survived in North Carolina.  Other than Surry County, there are no tax records available to help estimate the age of individuals.  

As a result of the incomplete records, this study provides very imprecise birth, marriage, and death dates, if any dates at all, for many of the individuals mentioned.  Some people are mentioned only in wills and are found in no other records.  No information exists about the spouses of most female descendants.  

Documentation for this study comes from a thorough search of records from 14 counties in Virginia and North Carolina.  Records of neighboring counties were also searched, with no additional records found in any of them for the Pitman family.  This additional search was done to identify all possible Pitman records for additional clues on migration patterns or other previously undiscovered information.

Generation 1

1. THOMAS1 PITMAN was born probably in England about 1614, based on the age he gave in a Surry County court appearance.[]  Thomas Pitman died in Surry County sometime after 7 Jan 1686 when he testified in court.[]  Prior to 1635 probably in England, he married (1) FRANCES (---), who appears only on one deed.[]  There is no record of her birth or death, but she was most likely deceased in Surry County by 1666.  Thomas married (2) UNKNOWN, the relict of Mr. Wall in Surry County.  This unknown spouse had one child, Joseph Wall, by her prior marriage to Mr. Wall.  Thomas married (3) MARTHA (---), the relict of Thomas Atkinson and Thomas Gwaltney, in Surry County before 7 Nov 1667.[]  Martha was born about 1618[] and had children by her marriage to Thomas Atkinson but none by her marriage to Thomas Gwaltney.  There is no record of Martha’s death.  

There is only one record mentioning a Thomas Pitman making the long journey to Virginia.  It shows Thomas, Fra., and Joseph Pittman as headrights to Mr. Robert Hutchingson of Accomack County on a patent dated 9 Oct 1667.[]  There are no records of Thomas and Frances Pitman in Accomack County, but Joseph Pitman is found there in a number of records.  Joseph Pitman was about 32 years old on 7 Feb 1672/3 when he provided a deposition in court.[]  He was a servant and his “master” was Robert Huett.[]   Joseph Pitman left a will dated 14 Mar 1678 in Accomack County.[]  

Joseph Pitman was old enough to be a son of Thomas Pitman of Surry County.  However, there appears to be no common bond or associations with the same individuals or families between Thomas and Joseph Pitman.  Thomas Pitman has no dealings in Accomack County and Joseph Pitman does not come to Surry County.  It is possible that they are relatives but that can not be proven at this time.  There are no Joseph Pitmans as the son of Thomas Pitmans on the International Genealogical Index in England from 1620 to 1660 either.

It is also possible that the Thomas mentioned as a headright was Thomas2 Pitman coming over with his mother.  However, it is very likely that Thomas2 Pitman was here before 1652 because his father is called “Sen” or “Ser” in court records.[]

According to his court testimony, Thomas Pitman arrived in Virginia in 1649.[]  He makes his first appearance as Capt. Pitman when he is ordered to Jamestown in 1650 heading a group of militia and taking three weeks provisions.[]  There is nothing in the Surry County records as to why this request was made of him or any other contemporary details prompting this request.  There could have been some trouble with the local Indian tribes or the brewing problems between the Puritan Parliament in England and Virginia Governor William Berkeley who had declared loyalty to Charles II as heir to the British throne. []

Thomas Pitman’s first extended appearance in the records comes in 1652 when he is a defendant in a suit by Daniel Hutton.  He had built a house for Daniel Hutton that was not built to Hutton’s satisfaction.[]  It seems that the house was built in a way that it leaked when it rained and was not fit to live in.  Thomas Pitman wanted to give him four or five days labor to repair the damage and Daniel Hutton wanted the house rebuilt.  The jury found in favor of Thomas Pitman.

Sometime during the 1650s and before 1661, Thomas Pitman and John Rawlings went into business together running a mill.  Thomas had purchased 5 acres from Col. Thomas Swann at some unknown date. On 14 Jan 1661, he and his wife Frances sold his interest in this mill to William Marriott.[]  Evidently the mill was a little run down and repairs were needed to the waterwheel and other items in order to complete the sale.  He wanted to sell his share of this business in order to either make a trip or return to England.

	This desire to make a trip to England brings up an interesting possibility in learning more about Thomas Pitman’s background.  It may just be a coincidence, but his coming to Virginia in about 1649 and desire to return to England in 1661 or 1662 parallel the rise and fall of the Puritan era in England.  He came to Virginia about the time of the beheading of Charles I in 1649 and desired to return after the ascension of Charles II in 1660.  If he made any trip to England, it was very brief.  His testimony in court in 1677 implies that he has lived in Virginia with little or no interruption since 1649.[]

After his time running a mill, there are no other records of what occupation Thomas Pitman pursued.  He did make several Surry County court appearances from the mid 1650s to the mid 1670s representing various parties.  For example, he was given a power of attorney by Thomas Peters to sue William Edwards on 31 (sic) Apr 1656[] and represented Griffith Dickinson, a “friend,” in court on 16 Dec 1664.[]  He had “loving friend” William Sherwood represent him on 5 Jan 1674/5.[]  

Thomas Pitman was a resident of Lawnes Creek Parish in 1668 when the first tax records were available until at least 1675. (See Attachment I)  He lived in Southwark Parish during 1677 and 1678.  There is no record of Thomas Pitman being a land holder other than his brief part ownership of the mill.

	Although no one had any idea of its consequences at the time, the testimony of Thomas Pitman and that of Richard Tyas in Surry County court on 9 Mar 1677 provides fuel to an interesting historical question that is still debated today.  One of the historical sites that can be visited today in Surry County is the Rolfe-Warren House.  The question that historians are now asking is whether the brick house that Thomas Pitman testified existed in 1677 is the current Rolfe-Warren House or whether it was built at a later date, as some of the archeological evidence suggests.[]

Thomas Pitman was asked to testify in a straight-forward land dispute between James Barrett and Thomas Warren based on his living in Surry County for the last 28 years.  It seems that Powhatan had given over 2,000 acres of land to John Rolfe for marrying his daughter Pocahontas.  After 1635, John’s son and heir Thomas Rolfe allowed others to patent this same land, probably for a fee.  Thomas Warren was one of those who received a patent in the land of John Rolfe on 3 Jul 1648.[]  

There was also a Captain William Barrett who repatented between 1,200 and 2,000 acres of the land given to John Rolfe.  It seems that this repatented land by Capt. Barrett was not done with the blessing of Thomas Rolfe.  William’s son James Barrett wished to take possession of land patented by his father. [] 

Thomas Pitman provided the following testimony in Surry Court on 5 Mar 1677 about this land dispute:

“The deposition of Tho: Pitman Senr aged sixty three years or their aboute.  Examined sworne & saith that Mr. Tho: Warring (sic) his heirs & assignes have peaceably and quietly possessed & enjoyed in theire one rights yt plantation called Smiths Forte on which Mr. Jno: Sallway is now seated and wheare with the land said Sallway is now possessed in ye said right of Mr. Warring which right hath bin held upward of twenty and eight years without any suite or trouble or molestation concerning the same & further yt about five or six and twenty years since the said Mr. Warring did begin to build that fifty foot brick house which now stands upon ye said land & without being forwarned or disturbed by any person from this the same and that Mr. Tho: Rolfe was then living & lived severall years afterwards & was commonly att Mr. Warring his house before and after & whilst ye said house was building & that Capt. Barrett father to Mr. James Barrett now living was then living when the said house a building and did live awhile after and that ye said Capt. Barrett did never claime that ever was knowne any right in any part of ye said lands before expressed & further your deponent hath seene a wrighting in Mr. Warrings possession signed and sealed wherein Mr. Tho: Rolfe did make over all his right and interest in ye said plantation called Smiths Forte to Mr. Warring his heirs & assignes forever & that ye righting was Mr. Rolfe his one hand now your deponent in the year 1653 was at the house of Mr. Warring and Mr. Rolfe was present when Mr. Warring showed your deponent ye convaiance of Mr. Rolfe and he did owne it and tould ye said Warring that if it was not sufficient a convaiance he would make it new with a larger expression when he would have it for he now his heirs would ever be troubled by him or his and that theire hath bin no survey of this said land this twenty & eight years youre deponent haveing liveed ever since in the same county & parrish very near to ye said land this is to ye best of you’re deponents knowledge and further saith not.

							Signed Tho: Pittman Senr
Sworne in open Cort held for the County of Surry March ye 5 1677” [] (bold added)
 
On 4 Sep 1666, Thomas Pitman is in court receiving a two-year-old black heifer, a white sow, and six goats from Roger Potter “for use by” his “son-in-law” Joseph Wall.  He also acknowledges the debt he has to Roger Potter for the animals in court.[]  Roger Potter appears to be a merchant who raises and sells animals.[],[]

This gift transaction raises the question whether Joseph Wall married a daughter of Thomas Pitman or whether he is a step-son as the term is applied in the 17th century.[]  Since Thomas represented Joseph Wall in receiving this gift and acknowledging the debt in court, the most likely possibility is that Joseph was in fact a stepson too young to accept the animals on his own account, although at least old enough to “use” these animals.  However, another possibility is that Joseph Wall is a son-in-law as we use the term today, and his father-in-law Thomas Pitman handled the affair since he made frequent court appearances and was used to handling such matters.  

There is also a question of which Thomas Pitman, Sr. or Jr., had Joseph Wall as a son-in-law or stepson.  If Joseph Wall were under 10 years old when he received this gift, he could just as well be the stepson of Thomas2 Pitman.  It is not likely, given the date of Thomas2 Pitman’s estimated birth in 1636, but it is possible.  Joseph Wall did live over 60 years after he received this gift, a long time in that day and age.  The court record detailing the gift does not provide any other significant clues.  

What is known about Joseph Wall? His first appearance on his own in the Surry Court records was on 6 Nov 1671 when he purchased 200 acres from Phillip Hunniford.[] By 1676, he had married Susan or Susannah,[] probably the sister of James Kilpatrick, Jr.

On 2 Nov 1697, Joseph Wall and wife Susannah sold 70 acres to Roger Williams.  This land came into the possession of Susannah Wall because of her relationship to a James Kilpatrick, Jr.  When James Kilpatrick, Jr. died by 4 Jul 1693,[] the land descended to Sarah Kilpatrick, his only daughter.  Sarah Kilpatrick died in her minority and the land passed to her aunt Susannah Wall, the wife of Joseph Wall.[]   There is no known usage of the term “aunt” that is any different than today’s usage.[]

James Kilpatrick, Jr. was the son of James Kilpatrick, Sr., who was dead by 1 May 1677.[]  James Kilpatrick, Jr. was still in his minority but was old enough to come into court and choose Joseph Wall as a guardian on 1 May 1677.[]  The administration of the estate of James Kilpatrick, Sr. provides the following information: “Administration is granted Mr. Robt Caufield on ye. Estate of James Killpatrick decd. (the sd. Killpatricks sonn and daughters. Husband haveing in Cort renounced it) the sd. Mr. Caufield, giveing caution according to law.”[]  James Kilpatrick, Jr. married Lydia (---).[]

Susannah, wife of Joseph Wall, easily fits the description of James Kilpatrick’s married sister and therefore could be the aunt of Sarah Kilpatrick because she was married by 1 May 1677.  She may be James’s only known living relative other than his wife Lydia.  Lydia (---), wife of James Kilpatrick, Jr., was not his heir but the mother of the unnamed heir.[] 

However, Lydia (---) also has to be examined to make sure that she is not a Pitman as well and having an older sister named Susannah which would make Joseph Wall a son-in-law in today’s terms.  James Kilpatrick, Jr. continued in his minority status for several years after the death of his father.  He lived with Joseph Wall until 1682[] and Robert Caufield, the administrator of his father’s estate, in 1683 and 1684.[]  It is therefore probable that he did not marry Lydia or anyone else until 1685, 19 years after Joseph Wall was called a son-in-law of Thomas Pitman.  Lydia (---) would have been too young to be a daughter of Thomas1 Pitman.

If Joseph Wall is a stepson, that means that Thomas Pitman married secondly in Surry County by 1666 an unknown person who was the relict of a Mr. Wall.  In support of this conclusion is the fact that a Thomas Wall died in Surry County in Feb 1663/4[] and widows tended to marry quickly after the death of their husbands in colonial times.  

However, there are problems with this unknown spouse being the wife of Thomas Wall.  Thomas Wall has one known son named Thomas Wall, Jr.  He is an apprentice to Ralph Creed.[]  When Thomas Wall, Jr. dies, his entire estate goes to Francis Hogwood who is heir to the estate and no mention is made of a mother or brother.[] 

Thomas Pitman married thirdly Martha (---) in Surry County by 7 Nov 1667.  Thomas Pitman was her third husband, she having previously married Thomas Atkinson and Thomas Gwaltney.[]  Thomas Pitman is in court acknowledging that he was released from responsibility for gifts given from Thomas Atkinson to his children James and Thomas Atkinson.  The gifts had formerly been in the possession of their deceased step-father Thomas Gwaltney.[]

Besides the Surry County tithable records, the best clue to the descendants of Thomas Pitman is found in a Surry County court record.  On 6 Jul 1680, “Lt. Tho. Pittman Senr. peticoning that a heyfer might be recorded as his gift to Wm. Pittman son of Tho. Pittman Junr.  It is granted & his peticon ordrd. to be recorded.”[] 

There is a subtle but important genealogical clue found in this court record.  Thomas Pitman, Sr. is called a Lieutenant and not a Captain.  One of the ways to tell the first generation of Pitmans from the second in the Surry County records is that the first Thomas1 Pitman is called a Captain from the first record in Surry County in 1651 and Thomas2 Pitman was a Lieutenant at least until 3 Jan 1687.[]  This gift of a heifer is then going from Lieutenant Thomas Pitman of generation 2 of the Pitmans to his grandson of generation 4.  
	
This gift allows a reasonable attempt at putting ages on the second through the fourth generations of Pitmans.  Since William4, the son of Thomas, is alive in 1680, his father Thomas3 was probably born no later that say 1658.  His grandfather Thomas2, the Lieutenant, must have been born no later than say 1636.  Since Thomas Pitman was born in 1614, those dates fit acceptably.  In addition, Thomas1 was called “Sen” or “Ser” in 1652, showing that Thomas2 was at least 16 years old at that point in time.[]

The use of Sr. and Jr. to distinguish between generations becomes a little tricky when Thomas3 Pitman (Thomas2-1) becomes old enough to be included in the tax records.  Thomas2 Pitman is often called Thomas Pitman, Sr. even though his father is still alive.

Thomas1 Pitman died shortly after 7 Jan 1686 when he testified in court.[ ]  There are no more references to a Capt. Pitman in the Surry County tithables after 1683.  He did not leave a will or an estate record.

Child of Thomas Pitman and his first wife Frances (---) was:
  	2.	   i.	THOMAS2 PITMAN, b. probably in England about 1636, m. (1) UNKNOWN in Surry County, and (2) LYDIA (---)in Surry County before 10 Sep 1672, and d. in Surry County by 1692.

		Stepchild of Thomas Pitman, born of his second wife, unknown, by her first husband Mr. Wall was:
  	3.	   	JOSEPH1 WALL, b. about 1649, m. (1) SUSANNAH KILPATRICK in Surry County by 1676 and (2) ALICE (---) in Surry County by 14 Jul 1718, and d. in Surry County after 19 Apr 1727.

		Stepchildren of Thomas Pitman, born of his third wife, Martha (---), by her first husband Thomas Atkinson were:
  	4.	   	THOMAS1 ATKINSON, b. about 1648, m. SUSANNAH (---) in Surry County, and d. in Isle of Wight County after 19 Jan 1687/8.
  	5.	  	JOHN ATKINSON, b. about 1652, m. ANN HOLLEMAN in Surry County, and d. in Isle of Wight County after 17 Apr 1717.
  	6.	 	JAMES ATKINSON, b. about 1656, m. MARY HOLLEMAN in Surry County, and d. in Isle of Wight County after 28 Jul 1723..

Generation 2

2. THOMAS2 PITMAN (Thomas1) was probably born in England about 1636.  He died in Surry County probably by 1692 when he disappears from the tax records.  He married (1) UNKNOWN in Surry County about 1656, who died in Surry County by 1672 and (2) LYDIA (---) the relict of Samuel Judkins in Surry County before 10 Sep 1672.[]  Lydia was dead in Surry County by 14 Mar 1678.[]

He first appears in the Surry County records on 2 Sep 1671 witnessing a land sale to his step-brother Joseph Wall.  He is called Thomas Pitman Jr. at that time.[] 

There is no mention of his first wife in any Virginia records. His prenuptial agreement with his second wife Lydia allows her to dispose of her estate “to whom she pleaseth whenever she dyeth.”[]  She is dead by 14 Mar 1678 when her son is required to stay with Thomas Pitman, Sr. until he is 21 years old at her request.[] 

Thomas2 Pitman is made a lieutenant in the Surry County militia by 3 Mar 1673.[]  He was active in local affairs during the 1670s.  He sided with Nathaniel Bacon during Bacon’s rebellion.  Nathaniel Bacon and his militia were first assigned to protect the colony from frequent Indian attacks. Eventually Nathaniel Bacon and his group of militia transformed these protective activities into a rebellion against the colonial leadership in Virginia.  The colonial leadership was ignoring the cries of the local citizenry for more protection.  The colonial leadership were more concerned with operating a profitable trade with the Indians than with the safety and protection of the citizens.  Nathaniel Bacon and his followers set out to rectify this situation and were defeated in the process.  

When the rebellion was quashed, the rebels had to pay their penalty.  Thomas Pitman was forgiven for his part in the rebellion along with step-sons Robert and Samuel Judkins.[]  This record calls him Thomas Pitman, Sr., but Thomas1 Pitman would have been 62, probably too old to have been an active participant in this rebellion.  In addition, it also possible that Thomas1 Pitman had royalist leanings as discussed earlier in connection with returning to England in 1661/2.

	Thomas2 Pitman was a resident of Lawnes Creek Parish in 1677 when he first appears in the tax records.[] (See Attachment I.)  He then lived in Blackwater Parish during 1689 and 1690 before returning to Lawnes Creek Parish in 1691.

There are no references to Thomas2 Pitman owning any land.  He was a carpenter by trade.[]  Besides appearing in the tax records, he is in court frequently either as a result of a lawsuit or as a witness to the legal transactions of others.  He did not leave any will or estate records.  The records show only that he had two sons, Thomas and William.  His son Thomas was mentioned earlier in conjunction with his gift to his grandchild William4 Pitman.  His son William is over 16 and shows up in his household in 1677 in the tax records.[] 

	Thomas2 Pitman was very poor.  As early as 2 Nov 1675, he was under the care of the Parish because of his meager circumstances.[]  It is not clear what form of welfare he received from the Parish or what he had to do to qualify.  

Thomas Pitman’s death is not recorded, but there are some clues.  As a lieutenant in the militia, he is called one of the living officials of Surry County on 3 Jan 1687.[]  He is the Thomas Pitman who receives the designation of “to ye Pish” or under the care of the parish in 1686 in the records.[]  This phrase attached to a Thomas Pitman is last used in the tax records in 1691 (see Attachment I).  Therefore it is likely that he died in late 1691 or early 1692.

Children of Thomas Pitman by his unknown first wife were:
  	7.	   i.	THOMAS3 PITMAN, b. in Surry County about 1658, m. (1) UNKNOWN in Surry County, (2) MARY CHAMBERS in Surry County about 1706, and (3) Elizabeth (---) before 23 Sep 1714, d. probably in Surry County between 1714 and 1724.
  	8.	  ii.	WILLIAM PITMAN, b. in Surry County about 1661, m. ELIZABETH (---) in Surry County, and d. in Surry County after 1724.

		Stepchildren of Thomas Pitman, born of his second wife, Lydia (---), by her first husband Samuel Judkins were:
  	9.	   	ROBERT1 JUDKINS, b. about 1650, m. ELIZABETH (---) in Surry County about 1680, and d. in Surry County after 19 May 1693.
  	10.	  	SAMUEL JUDKINS, b. about 1658, m. ELIZABETH PETWAY in Surry County, and d. in Surry County before 18 May 1705.
  	11.		CHARLES JUDKINS, b. in Surry County about 1670, m. JANE (---) in Surry County about 1691, and d. in Surry County after 13 Mar 1709/1710.

3. JOSEPH1 WALL (stepchild of Thomas1 Pitman), born about 1649 and died in Surry County after 19 Apr 1727.[]  He married (1) SUSANNAH KILPATRICK, daughter of James Kilpatrick in Surry County by 1676 and (2) ALICE (---) in Surry County by 14 Jul 1718.[]  Susannah died in Surry County after 6 Sep 1708[] and Alice died after Joseph Wall.  Alice was probably previously married but her first husband’s name is not known.  

Joseph Wall was discussed previously in connection with him being called the son-in-law of Thomas Pitman.  Joseph Wall bought and sold several tracts of land during his lifetime.[]  He was frequently found on jury duty [] and occasionally in a lawsuit.[] He lived to be over 75 years old, which is a very long life for someone of the 1700s. He made his will on 19 Apr 1727.[]

		Children of Joseph Wall by his wife Susannah Kilpatrick were:
  	12.	   i.	JOSEPH2 WALL, b. in Surry County in 1680, m. MARY (---) in Surry County, and d. probably in Edgecombe County, North Carolina after 16 Feb 1741.
  	13.	  ii.	RICHARD WALL, b. in Surry County in 1684, m. LUCY (---) in Surry County and d. in Northampton County, North Carolina after 29 Feb 1752. 
  		 iii.	JEREMIAH WALL, b. in Surry County in 1687 from the Surry County tax records[] and d. probably before reaching adulthood as he is found only once in the Surry County tax records.
  	14.	  iv.	JAMES WALL (probably), b. in Surry County about 1689, m. UNKNOWN in Surry County, and d. in Surry County after 23 Nov 1723.  He is not mentioned in his father’s will but does buy land from him.
  	15.	   v.	JOHN WALL, b. in Surry County about 1690, m. MARY (---) in Surry County, and d. in Surry County after 6 Aug 1763.
  		  vi.	ELIZABETH WALL, b. in Surry County on an unknown date and d. probably in Surry County after 19 Apr 1727.  She is mentioned only in her father’s will and there is no indication of whom she married.
  		 vii.	ROBERT WALL, b. in Surry County on an unknown date and d. probably in Surry County after 19 Apr 1727.  He is mentioned only in his father’s will.

4. THOMAS1 ATKINSON (stepchild of Thomas1 Pitman), was born about 1648 and died in Isle of Wight County after 19 Jan 1687/8.[]  He married SUSANNAH (---), the step-daughter of Robert Flake, in Surry County.[]  Susannah was dead by 1699 when her will was presented to the Isle of Wight County court.[]

Thomas Atkinson or his father Thomas Atkinson was indebted to Phillip Haniford on 20 Sep 1665.[]  On 7 Nov 1667, Thomas Atkinson acknowledged release of stepfather Thomas Pitman from any gifts given to him by his deceased father.[]  On 10 Sep 1669, he patented 600 acres and 230 acres at the third swamp of the Blackwater in Isle of Wight with no other information provided about his neighbors.[]  These 830 acres are his only known land purchase.  He was security for the execution of the estate of Edward Browne in 1670.[]  Thomas Atkinson was also an executor on the will of William Richardson.[]  

	There are significant clues in tracing his children using land ownership records if they could only be further identified.  Thomas Atkinson gives to “unto my three sonns William, peter, and Samuel; three hundred acres of land at the head of my wife Susan’s land.”[]  This land is part of the 600 acres he purchased on 10 Sep 1669 because the 230 acres were sold to his brother James Atkinson.[]  There has been no sale or other transfer of these 600 acres of land found in Isle of Wight or Southampton County records through 1767 so the ownership of them remains a mystery.  

	In his will, Thomas Atkinson mentions having four sons but only names three of them. The fourth son is probably Thomas2 Atkinson who is the administrator of his mother Susannah’s will.[]  One of the downsides to Thomas being the missing son is that the Thomas who administered the will of Susannah used a mark of “TA” and the Thomas Atkinson who died in Surry County after 1 Feb 1725/6 could sign his name.[]

		Children of Thomas Atkinson and his wife Susannah (---) in order as they appear in the will were:
  		   i.	WILLIAM2 ATKINSON, b. probably in Isle of Wight County on an unknown date, d.  after 19 Jan 1687/8, and mentioned only in his father’s will.
  		  ii.	PETER ATKINSON, b. probably in Isle of Wight County on unknown date and d. after 19 Jan 1687/8.  No mention is found of him in Isle of Wight County records other than his father’s will or in the records of the surrounding counties.
  		 iii.	SAMUEL ATKINSON, b. in Isle of Wight County on an unknown date, d. after 19 Jan 1687/8, and mentioned only in his father’s will.  He may possibly be the Samuel Atkinson mentioned as an appraiser in the estate of Samuel Kindred.[]
  		  iv.	SARAH ATKINSON, b. in Isle of Wight County, d. after 19 Jan 1687/8, and mentioned only in her father’s will.
  		   v.	KATHERINE ATKINSON, b. in Isle of Wight County, d. after 19 Jan 1687/8, and mentioned only in her father’s will.
  	16.	  vi.	THOMAS ATKINSON (probably), b. in Surry County before 1673 based on his first land payment in 1694, m. MARY (---), and d. in Surry County after 1 Feb 1725.

5. JOHN1 ATKINSON (stepchild of Thomas1 Pitman), was born about 1652 and died in Isle of Wight County after 17 Apr 1717.[]  He married ANN HOLLEMAN, daughter of Christopher Holleman and wife Mary (---), in Surry County.[]  John Atkinson and his brother James married sisters.  Ann survived her husband’s death.

John Atkinson was the godfather of Sarah Pittford and gave her a cow and a calf in Nov 1680.[]  On 6 Mar 1682, he owed money to the estate of George Proctor.[]  He witnessed his brother Thomas Atkinson’s will on 19 Jan 1687/8.[]  He was also a witness to a land sale between John Manghan and Gregory Morrell on 23 Mar 1695.[]  

Children of John Atkinson and wife Ann Holleman in the order they appear in his will were:
  	17.	   i.	CHRISTOPHER2 ATKINSON, b. in Surry County before 1695 based on his first land purchase, m. ELIZABETH (---) possibly in Isle of Wight County, and d. in Isle of Wight County after 17 Jul 1763.
  	18.	  ii.	JOHN ATKINSON, b. in Surry County before 1694 based on his first land transaction, m. ELIZABETH EZELL, daughter of Michel Ezell and Elizabeth Tooke, about 1714, and d. in Surry County after 17 Apr 1736.
  		 iii.	RUTH ATKINSON, b. in Isle of Wight County on an unknown date and d. on an unknown date.  She is mentioned only in her father’s will.
  	19.	  iv.	HANNAH ATKINSON, b. in Isle of Wight County on unknown date, m. REUBEN COOKE, son of William Cooke and Joan Roper, in Isle of Wight County, and d. after 11 Nov 1750. 
  		   v.	ANN ATKINSON, b. in Isle of Wight County before 1697 based on her marriage date, m. Mr. GARRELL before 17 Apr 1717 probably in Isle of Wight County, and d. on an unknown date.  She is mentioned only in her father’s will.
  	20.	 vi.	MARY ATKINSON, b. in Isle of Wight County on an unknown date, m. JOHN RICHARDSON, and d. in Surry County before 11 Nov 1743.
  		  vi.	OLIVE ATKINSON, b. in Isle of Wight County on an unknown date, m. Mr. BRUCE, and d. on an unknown date.  She is mentioned only in her father’s will. 
  		viii.	ELIZABETH ATKINSON, b. in Isle of Wight County on an unknown date, m. Mr. WHITE (possibly JOHN WHITE),[] and d. on an unknown date.  She is mentioned only in her father’s will.

6. JAMES1 ATKINSON (stepchild of Thomas1 Pitman), was born about 1656 and died in Isle of Wight County after 28 Jul 1723.[]  He married MARY HOLLEMAN, daughter of Christopher Holleman and wife Mary (---), in Surry County.[]  Mary Holleman survived her husband.

On 7 Nov 1667, James Atkinson acknowledged release of stepfather Thomas Pitman from any gifts given to him by his deceased father.[]    He patented 216 acres in Isle of Wight on the third swamp of the Blackwater adjoining his brother Thomas’s line on 20 Apr 1687.[]  He was a witness to the will of William Cook, Sr. on 17 May 1698, along with Peter Vasser and Peter Hayes.[]  

		Children of James Atkinson and wife Mary Holleman in order as they appear in his will were:
  		   i.	MARY2 ATKINSON, b. in Isle of Wight County on an unknown date and d. in Isle of Wight County after 5 May 1749.[]  She is described as a single woman in her will.  On 25/26 Feb 1736, she sells to William Crocker 230 acres that she had inherited in her father’s will.[]
  	21.	  ii.	JAMES ATKINSON, b. in Isle of Wight County before 1695, m. (1) UNKNOWN in Isle of Wight County and (2) MARTHA (WILLIAMSON) PRICE, relict of Joseph Price, and d. in Isle of Wight County after 20 Sep 1737.   Martha had no children by her previous marriage. 
  	22.	 iii.	JOSEPH ATKINSON, (probably) b. in Isle of Wight, m. MARY (---) in Isle of Wight County, and d. in Isle of Wight County after 6 Feb 1761.

Generation 3

7. THOMAS3 PITMAN (Thomas2-1) was born in Surry County about 1658, Virginia.  He died probably in Surry County between 1714 and 1724.  He married (1) UNKNOWN in Surry County and (2) MARY CHAMBERS, daughter of William Chambers and widow of William Holleman, in Surry County about Nov 1706,[] and (3) ELIZABETH (---) in Surry County before 13 Nov 1713.[]   

His age is estimated from the gift given by his father Thomas2 Pitman to his son William Pitman.  The name of his first wife is not found in any Virginia records.  A search of the court abstracts and microfilms produced no unknown Pitman women that could be considered possibilities for his first spouse.  His first appearance in the Surry County records came on a jury on 2 Sep 1684.[]  He did not appear in the records much. Unlike his father, he was at least financially well enough off to be a surety for Thomas Smith for a payment due to the orphans of Theo. FFurbush.[]

Records about Thomas3 Pitman have obvious inconsistencies. In two instances, either the yearly tax records are incorrect or the term “Jr.” is misapplied in the court and land records.  For some unknown reason, there is a period of time in the early 1700s when he is still called Thomas Pitman, Jr. in the Surry County records, even though he is the oldest living Thomas Pitman according to the tax records.  

As previously mentioned, Thomas2 Pitman (Thomas1) is no longer found in the tax records after 1692 and the term Lieutenant, which applies to him, is not found in the court records either.  Based on these records, the death date of Thomas2 Pitman is estimated to be late 1691 or 1692.  Even though his father has been dead for a decade, Thomas3 Pitman is still called “Jr.” about Nov 1706 when marrying Mary (Chambers) Holleman,[] the widow of William Holleman.  Considering the likely ages of the people involved, it is unlikely that his son Thomas4 Pitman, who could appropriately have been called “Jr.,” was the person who married Mary (Chambers) Holleman.

Mary Chambers is the daughter of William Chambers.[]  William Holleman is a son of Christopher Holleman[] who called Thomas1 Pitman a “friend.”  William Holleman and Mary Chambers probably married about 1685, based on his patenting land on 20 Apr 1685.[]  William Holleman did not leave a will, but his family can be reconstructed from the will of his son Thomas in 1760.  Mary (Chambers) Holleman is deceased by 11 Nov 1713.[]

It is possible but unlikely that Mary (Chambers) Holleman is either the wife of Thomas2 Pitman or Thomas4 Pitman (Thomas3-1).  It makes more sense that Thomas3 Pitman (Thomas2-1) is her husband. Thomas2 Pitman (Thomas1) would have been 65 years old if he were still living.  Thomas4 Pitman would have been 22 years old in 1706.  Tax records show that Thomas4 Pitman (Thomas3-1) first appeared in 1700.[]  That places Thomas4 Pitman’s birth about 1684 or about the probable time of the Holleman/Chambers marriage.

Another case of the “Jr.” identity problem comes up in Thomas3 Pitman’s purchase and sale of land.  Thomas Pitman, Jr. purchases 250 acres of land in Surry County adjoining Edward Boykin and Henry Hart on 16 Jun 1714.[]  As Thomas Pitman, Jr., he and wife number three Elizabeth (---) give this land for love and affection to “stepson” William Holleman on 23 Sep 1714.  Furthermore, he is called “son” William Holleman also in the same deed.[]  This William Holleman is the son of Mary (Chambers) Holleman, second wife of  Thomas3 Pitman, and was about the same age as Thomas4 Pitman (Thomas3-1).[]  

Thomas4 Pitman is listed as a son of Thomas3 Pitman (Thomas2-1), not of William3 Pitman (Thomas2-1), strictly on migration patterns and not by direct evidence in the records.  Thomas3 Pitman, his near relatives the Hollemans, Thomas4 Pitman, his wife Elizabeth Lancaster, her parents, and most of her siblings moved to Isle of Wight County before 1720.  William3 Pitman seems to have stayed in Surry County longer.

Because of the confusion on the use of Thomas Sr. and Jr., it is difficult to pinpoint exactly when Thomas3 Pitman died.  Thomas3 Pitman did not leave a will or an estate.

		Children of Thomas Pitman by his unknown first wife were:
  	23.	   i.	WILLIAM4 PITMAN, b. in Surry County about 1678, m. MARY RAY in Surry County, and d. in Isle of Wight County after 4 Apr 1753.
  		  ii.	EDWARD PITMAN, b. in Surry County in 1683 and d. in Surry County probably in 1700.  Edward Pitman shows up in the tax records only once in 1699 in the home of Thomas3 Pitman.[]  There is no other record of Edward Pitman in Surry County or surrounding counties.
  	24.	 iii.	THOMAS PITMAN, b. in Surry County in 1684, m. ELIZABETH LANCASTER in Surry County, and d. in Isle of Wight County before 28 Sep 1730.

		Stepchildren of Thomas Pitman, born of his second wife Mary Chambers by her first husband William Holleman, were:
  		   	JOHN1 HOLLEMAN, b. in Surry County on an unknown date, m. MARY (---) in Surry County, and d. in Surry County aft 18 Sep 1736.[]  He is identified as a son of William Holleman when he was in court receiving a guardian.[]  His brother Josiah John Holleman was the administrator of his estate.[]
  		  	WILLIAM HOLLEMAN, b. in Surry County before 1700 based on his first land sale in Surry County, m. MARY (---), and d. possibly before 29 Nov 1760.  On 23 Sep 1714, he received 125 acres on the south side of the main Blackwater from stepfather Thomas Pitman.[]  He and wife Mary sold this land to Thomas Holleman, Jr. on 20 Apr 1720.[]  His brother Thomas mentions his other siblings and possibly their children in his will dated 29 Nov 1760 but William Holleman is not mentioned as being alive at that time.  
  		 	THOMAS HOLLEMAN, b. in Surry County, m. ANN (---), and d. after 29 Nov 1760[] in Southampton County.  It is difficult to distinguish in the records between him and Thomas Holleman, the son of Richard Holleman.
			MARY HOLLEMAN, b. in Surry County on an unknown date and d. unmarried probably before 29 Nov 1760.  Her brother Thomas mentions all his other siblings in his will dated 29 Nov 1760 but not her.  She is mentioned only in choosing a guardian after her father’s death.[]
  		  	JOSIAH JOHN HOLLEMAN (possibly), b. in Surry County before 1696 based on his first patent of land, m. ANN (---) in Surry or Isle of Wight County who outlived him, and d. in Southampton County after 3 Oct 1763.[]  He is placed as a son of William Holleman because he is called a brother by Thomas Holleman in his will.  He patented 50 acres on the southwest side of Nottoway River in Isle of Wight County on 30 Apr 1716.[]  On 2 Aug 1729, he was a witness in the will of Christopher Holleman.[]  He was an appraiser on the estate of Elizabeth Holleman.[]

8. WILLIAM3 PITMAN (Thomas2-1) was born in Surry County about 1661, based on his first appearance in the tax records.[]  He died sometime in Surry County after 1724 and did not leave a will.  William married ELIZABETH (---) in Surry County.[]  

He was first in the tax records in 1677.[]  He appeared in Surry County court records in July 1682 in a suit with Thomas Busby.[]  Most of the records concerning William Pitman deal with lawsuits or his jury service.  He was once hauled into court to show why he had not reported to jury duty, and he showed sufficient cause for his non-attendance.[] 

William Pitman purchased from Henry Norton and wife Jane 50 acres on the Green Swamp in Lawnes Creek Parish in Surry County on 4 Apr 1693.[]  This same tract of land had changed hands several times over the previous 35 years.  Either his father or grandfather Thomas Pitman had witnessed one of these earlier transfers in 1679.[]  With his wife Elizabeth, William sold this land to his nephew Thomas4 Pitman on 13 Nov 1713.[]  The price was 5 shillings, which appeared to be the going rate for a land sale at the time and not any type of gift.  This may be a further indication that Thomas4 Pitman was not his son because it was an arm’s length transaction.

There is no record of William Pitman’s death, and he did not leave a will or an estate.  He probably died sometime after 9 Jul 1724, since his nephew William Pitman (Thomas3-1) was called William Pitman, Jr. when patenting land on that date.[]  His most likely child is Robert Pitman.  Robert is placed with William Pitman because Robert did not go to Isle of Wight County.  As mentioned earlier, it is also possible that Thomas4 Pitman (Thomas3-1) was a son of William as well.

		Probable child of William Pitman and wife Elizabeth (---) was:
  		   i.	ROBERT4 PITMAN, b. in Surry County after 1688 because he is not found in the tax records, m. MARGARET (---) in Surry County about 1712,[] and d. on an unknown date.  Robert Pitman makes only a few brief appearances in the Surry County records.  He is missing from the tax lists (Attachment I) so he was probably born after 1688.  He is sworn as a member of a grand jury on 19 Nov 1712.[]  He and wife Margaret (---) were defendants in a suit by Benjamin Chapman and had Joseph Wall, either the stepson of Thomas1 Pitman or the son of his stepson, as their security.[]  This suit continued until 1715.  He is last mentioned in the estate of Charles Savage on 16 Sep 1719.[]  The court records are not available from 1718 until 1741.  There are no land records where he is mentioned and he cannot be found in surrounding counties.

9. ROBERT1 JUDKINS (stepchild of Thomas2 Pitman, Thomas1) was born about 1650 and died in Surry County after 19 May 1693.[]  He married ELIZABETH (---) in Surry County about 1680; she outlived him. 

Robert Judkins participated with his step-father Thomas2 Pitman in Bacon’s Rebellion and was forgiven by the Colony.[]  He was appointed a surveyor for the highways of his neighborhood dated 7 May 1689.[]  

Children of Robert Judkins and wife Elizabeth (---) as they appear in his will were:
  		   i.	WILLIAM2 JUDKINS, b. in Surry County about 1682 based on his appearance in the tax records,[] m. MARGARET TAYLOR in Surry County,[] and d. in Surry County before 16 Aug 1721.[]  Margaret m. 2) Bartlett Moreland  in Surry County by 16 Aug 1721,[] and 3) James Vaughan in Surry County by 17 Sep 1729,[] and probably d. before 1732 since she was not mentioned her last husband’s will.[]  The land that William Judkins inherited from his father Robert was divided between his two daughters Elizabeth and Hannah at his death.[]
  		  ii.	ROBERT JUDKINS, b. in Surry County probably after 1686 since he is not found in the tax records and d. in Surry County before 14 Dec 1736.  Robert Judkins and John Thorp, Jr. patented 175 acres on the southwest side of the Nottoway River on 20 Feb 1719.[]  He was appointed to appraise the estate of John Collier on 20 Jan 1716.[]  He was deceased by 14 Dec 1736 when the land he purchased with John Thorp, Jr. was sold entirely by Thomas Dunn who purchased it from John Thorp, Jr.[],[]
  		 iii.	ELIZABETH JUDKINS, b. in Surry County on an unknown date, m. probably JOHN JONES, and d. on an unknown date.  There is a petition to the Surry Court from John Jones and wife Elizabeth to James Stanton, the executor of the will of Robert Judkins, deceased.  It is possible that Elizabeth Jones is the daughter of Robert Judkins and she is trying to collect on his estate.[]  If she is not the Elizabeth that married John Jones, her only known mention is in her father’s will.
  		  iv.	SARAH JUDKINS, b. in Surry County on an unknown date and d. on an unknown date.  Her only known mention in the records is in her father’s will.

10. SAMUEL1 JUDKINS (stepchild of Thomas2 Pitman, Thomas1) was born about 1658[] and died in Surry County before 18 May 1705.[]  His will is not recorded in the Surry County records but existed at one time and his son Samuel was appointed executor.[]  He married ELIZABETH PETWAY, [] daughter of Edward Petway and his wife Elizabeth (---), in Surry County.

Samuel Judkins was selected to be an appraiser on the estate of Robert Sweet on 16 Sep 1696,[] William Petway in Mar 1699/1700,[] and Richard Hargrave on 4 July 1704.[]  

		Children of Samuel Judkins and wife Elizabeth Petway were:
  		   i.	SAMUEL2 JUDKINS, b. in Surry County about 1684 based on his appearance in the tax records,[] m. ANN (---) in Surry County, and d. in Surry County after 15 Oct 1740.[]  Samuel Judkins was the executor of his father’s estate in 1705.[]  He was on a jury in Surry County on 6 Nov 1705.[]  He served on a grand jury on 3 May 1710.[]  On 17 Jul 1733, Samuel purchased 50 acres from John Berriman and wife Elizabeth.[]
  		  ii.	JOHN JUDKINS (probably), b. in Surry County before 1689 based on his being in a lawsuit as of 3 Jan 1709, m. UNKNOWN, and d. after 21 Nov 1744.  He is placed as a child of Samuel because Samuel is the only one of his brothers who did not leave a will and John is of the third generation of Judkinses.  John Judkins first appeared in the records in a suit with Morgan Lewis on 3 Jan 1709.[]  On 18 Jul 1716, he was selected to be an appraiser on the estate of James Kerney.[]  He is a witness on a land sale from Thomas Binns and his wife Jane to James Steward on 16 Mar 1717.[]  On 19 Apr 1736, he purchased 100 acres on the mouth of Cypress Swamp from William Evens.[]  He and William Smith purchased 470 acres on Pidgeon Swamp from William Edwards on 14 Oct 1737.[]  There is no record of his death, but he was probably living on  21 Nov 1744 when a John Judkins, Jr. purchased 100 acres in Surry County.[]

11. CHARLES1 JUDKINS (stepchild of Thomas2 Pitman, Thomas1) was born in Surry County about 1670 based on tax records[] and died in Surry County after 13 Mar 1709/1710.[] Charles Judkins married JANE (---) in Surry County about 1691.  Jane married (2) William Williams in Surry County.[]  She and her second husband left Surry County by 12 Sep 1711.[]  It is not known where they went.

Charles Judkins and wife Jane witnessed the sale of land from John Nelson to James Stanton on 29 Oct 1698.[]  

		Children of Charles Judkins and wife Jane (---) in order as they appear in his will were:
  		   i.	JAMES2 JUDKINS, b. in Surry County before 1704 based on his patenting some land, m. HELEN (---),[] and d. after 29 Dec 1759.[]  Helen is also called Eleanor but they are probably the same person.[]  James Judkins patented 275 acres on the north side of Three Creeks on 22 Feb 1724.[]  He sold 800 acres to William Gray on 22 Mar 1725.[]  He and wife Helen sold 275 acres on the north side of Three Creeks to William Rainey on 17 Apr 1727.[]  He was called a “carpenter of Brunswick County” when he sold land to Richard Rowell on 19 Oct 1730. []  He and wife Eleanor sell 150 acres on the north side of Fountains Creek to James Bennitt on 29 Aug 1752.[]
  		  ii.	CHARLES JUDKINS, b. in Surry County before 1704 based on his first land purchase, m. SARAH (---) in Surry County, who predeceased him,[]and d. in Sussex County after 6 Nov 1773.[]  Charles Judkins patented 375 acres of land on the south side of the Nottoway River on 24 Mar 1725[]  and 370 acres on the south side of the Nottoway River on 27 Sep 1729.[]  He and wife Sarah sell 280 acres of land to Howell Briggs on 15 Oct 1732.[]  He and daughter Mary had a suit pending in General Court on 11 Apr 1752.[]
  		 iii.	THOMAS JUDKINS, b. in Surry County before 1705 based on his appearance witnessing a deed, m. UNKNOWN in Surry County, and d. after 30 Jul 1730.  Thomas Judkins first appears in the record witnessing the sale of land from Francis Steed of Brunswick County to John Evans on 18 Mar 1727.[]  On 23 Jul 1730, he purchased 180 acres from Thomas Haynes, Sr. and Thomas Haynes, Jr. on Copperhannock Swamp.[]  He also purchased 80 acres from Cajaphas Kerny on the south side of the main Blackwater and the Chincopen Swamp near Bull Branch about 1731.[], []  He never appears in any record after that point.  The boundaries of his land are not well defined in the land records, but it appears the only Judkins that has land on Copperhannock Swamp is Robert Judkins, who may have been his son. [] 
  		  iv.	WILLIAM JUDKINS, b. in Surry County on an unknown date and d. probably in Surry County before 1721.  There are several references to William Judkins in the court records from 1708 to 1718, but it is not possible to distinguish between this William Judkins and his cousin William2 Judkins, the son of Robert1 Judkins.  When William2 Judkins, son of Robert1 Judkins dies in 1720, all references to William Judkins cease until 1745 in Surry and surrounding counties.  It is likely that this William Judkins predeceased his cousin.

12. JOSEPH2 WALL (Joseph1 Wall, stepchild of Thomas1 Pitman) was born in Surry County about 1680 based on his appearance in the tax records [] and died probably in Edgecombe County, North Carolina after 16 Feb 1741.[] Joseph married in Surry County before 18 May 1714 MARY (---).[]  Mary died sometime after 1737, when she is last found in the records.[]

Joseph Wall first shows up in the court record as being a person missed in the tax list on 4 Jul 1704.[]  His next appearance had a little more notoriety.  He and Margaret Steward had a bastard child and he was in court on 1 May 1705 to swear that he would hold Lawnes Creek Parish harmless from any charges and damages.[]  Margaret Steward was the daughter of John Steward and wife Margaret (---).  The name and gender of this child are not given.  Joseph Wall had only one known child and that is Joseph Wall, Jr., who could possibly be the bastard child.  Margaret Steward was given land in the will of her father,[] but there is no record when that land was disposed of or if she ever married.

Joseph Wall patented 150 acres of land in Maherrin Woods joining Kerby’s Creek in Bertie County, North Carolina about Nov 1723.[]  Joseph Wall also purchased and sold several other tracts in Bertie County.[]  The land where he lived became part of Edgecombe County when it was created from Bertie County in 1732.  As a resident of Edgecombe County, he sold his last remaining property in Surry County on 3 Feb 1738.[]  On 15 May 1739, he purchased 150 acres on the south side of Fishing and Short Swamp in Edgecombe County from Joseph Wall Jr.[]  His last known appearance in the records was on 16 Feb 1741 when he sold 150 acres to Walter McFarlan.[]  

	Determining any children of Joseph2 Wall is most difficult.  He did not leave a will or an estate.  The Joseph Wall Jr. mentioned earlier is probably his son.  None of Joseph2 Wall’s brothers have a known child named Joseph. In addition, there is a Walter Wall who moves into the Edgecombe by 1 Sep 1741.[]  He has at least one son named James and he could be the father of several other adult Walls in early Edgecombe.[]

	If Joseph Wall Jr. is indeed the son of Joseph2 Wall, there is another avenue that must be explored.  The Joseph Wall who leaves a will in Beaufort County on 29 Dec 1755 appears to be the right age for someone born before 1708.  He has children that are both married and underage.[]  In order for this to be the same Joseph Wall Jr. of  Edgecombe, he would have to have moved to Beaufort County and no record has been found of that occurring.

		Child of Joseph Wall and possibly wife Mary (---) or Margaret Steward was:
  		   i.	JOSEPH3 WALL, b. in Surry County before 1708,[] m. possibly DEBORAH (---), and possibly d. in Beaufort County, North Carolina after 29 Dec 1755.[]  Joseph Wall patented 1,050 acres in Edgecombe County near Short Swamp and the Lodging Branch on 16 Nov 1738.[]  Joseph Wall was living on that land when he sold it to Thomas Turner on 22 Feb 1774/5.[]  There is no further record of Joseph Wall in Edgecombe.

13. RICHARD2 WALL (Joseph1 Wall, stepchild of Thomas1 Pitman) was born in Surry County about 1684 based on his appearance in the tax records[] and died in Northampton County, North Carolina after 29 Feb 1752 where he left a will.[]  He married LUCY (---)[] in Surry County before 15 Jan 1723.

Richard Wall first shows up in the records by coming to court and registering a mark for his animals on 1 Mar 1708.[]  He purchases his first land on 16 Mar 1713, when he buys 100 acres on the south side of Blackwater Swamp from his brother Joseph Wall.[]  He was on a jury in Surry County on 21 Nov 1716.[]  

Richard Wall had migrated to Bertie County, North Carolina by 13 Feb 1724/5 when he purchased 290 acres from Thomas Turner.[]  One of the witnesses to this transaction was Joseph Wall, Sr.  Although his father Joseph1 Wall was still alive, he was over 70 years old.  This witness is probably his brother, whose son Joseph was over 16 years old at that time.

Richard Wall, Sr. and his son Richard Wall, Jr. were on a jury in Bertie County set up to decide where to build a road from the bridge over Jacks Swamp to the Bertie Courthouse dated 12 Nov 1735.[]  Richard Wall’s land becomes a part of Northampton County when it is created in 1741.  He buys and sells several pieces of property in Northampton County.[]

		Children of Richard Wall and wife Lucy (---) in order of their appearance in his will were:
  		   i.	SAMPSON3 WALL, b. in Surry County on an unknown date and d. after 9 Nov 1779.[]  He first appears in the records on 26 May 1757 when he witnesses a deed from (probable) brother-in-law Edmond Lewis to Charles Gregory.[]
  		  ii.	RICHARD WALL, b. in Surry County prior to 1705 since he had to be of age to participate in the jury to create the road in Bertie County,[] m. MILDRED (---), and d. on an unknown date.[] He purchased 140 acres from his father on 19 Aug 1748.[]  He also purchased 174 acres land from Francis Boykin and wife Sarah on 25 Feb 1754.[] It is possible that Sarah (---) Boykin in this last transaction was his sister.
  		 iii.	ARTHUR WALL, b. in Surry County prior to 1720 based on his first purchase of land on 29 Oct 1741,[] m. UNKNOWN in North Carolina, and d. in Northampton County before 10 Feb 1765.[]  He purchased 174 acres land from Thomas Boykin on 2 Jan 1754.[] 
  		  iv.	SAMUEL WALL, b. in Surry County on an unknown date.  He is mentioned only in his father’s will.
  		   v.	JUDITH3 WALL, b. in Surry County on an unknown date, m. WILLIAM DeLOACH prior to 22 Feb 1737.[]  William DeLoach and wife Judith moved to South Carolina by 8 Apr 1746, where they lived the rest of their lives.[]
  		  vi.	SARAH WALL, b. in Surry County on an unknown date, m. Mr. BOYKIN, possibly FRANCIS BOYKIN, as his second spouse.[]  Francis Boykin had previously married Millicent (---).[]
  		 vii.	PRISCILLA WALL, b. an unknown date, m. Mr. BENSON before 26 Feb 1753.[]  Her only appearance in the records is as a witness to a land sale by her (probable) brother-in-law and sister Edmund Lewis and wife “Tene” [Jean] to Humphrey Revell.
  		viii.	JANE WALL, b. an unknown date, m. probably EDMUND LEWIS in North Carolina,[] and d. on an unknown date.  Her only other appearance in the records besides her father’s will was with her husband selling land to Thomas Harris on 3 Nov 1760.[]  She may have been the Jean or Jane Lewis mentioned in a land purchase on 28 Nov 1782[] and a will in Northampton County dated 29 Oct 1789.[]

14. JAMES2 WALL was born in Surry County about 1689 and died in Surry County after 23 Nov 1723.[]  He married UNKNOWN in Surry County.  

He first appeared in the records when he was summoned to court to provide evidence for John Judkins in Dec 1716.[]  He purchased 100 acres from his father on 14 Jul 1718.[]  He appraised the estate of Richard Hill on 20 Mar 1722/1723.[]  He is not mentioned in his father’s will.

		Child of James Wall and wife Unknown was:
  		   i.	JOHN3 WALL, b. in Surry County before 1720, based on being an adult when selling his land, and d. date is unknown.  His only appearance in the records comes on 4 Nov 1740 when he sells 200 acres that “belonged to my father James Wall” to his uncle John Wall.[]  He is living in North Carolina when he sells this land.  There is a John Wall in the Edgecombe County records in the 1750s, but it is unclear if they are the same person.[]

15. JOHN2 WALL (Joseph1 Wall, stepchild of Thomas1 Pitman) was born in Surry County, Virginia about 1690 and died in Surry County after 6 Aug 1763.[]  He married MARY (---) in Surry County about 1714.[]  Mary is probably dead by 1763, since she is not mentioned in his will.

John Wall first appeared in the records as a security to his brother Joseph Wall on 21 Sep 1715.[]  John Wall patented 200 acres of land on the south side of the Maherrin River on 11 Jul 1719.[]  On 4 Feb 1723, he purchases 200 acres on the south side of Blackwater Swamp from John Allen. []  

		Children of John Wall and wife Mary (---) in order of their appearance in his will were:
  		   i.	JOHN3 WALL, b. in Surry County on an unknown date and d. possibly in Sussex County, Virginia after 1 Aug 1774.  He sold the land that his father gave him in the will to John White on 29 Dec 1773.[]  He then moved to Sussex County where he purchased 197 acres on the Tarcarore Branch from George Briggs and wife Sarah and Micajah Exum and wife Anne on 1 Aug 1774.[]
  		  ii.	MOSES WALL, b. in Surry County before 1729 based on being 21 years old when witnessing a land sale by father John Wall and d. on an unknown date.[]
  		 iii.	WILLIAM WALL, b. in Surry County on an unknown date and d. on an unknown date.  His only appearance in the records is in his father’s will.
  		  iv.	AARON WALL, b. in Surry County before 1729 based on being 21 years old when witnessing a land sale by father John Wall[] and d. in Surry County after 15 Nov 1781.[]  He m. ELIZABETH (---), daughter of Martha (---) Brown(e) Mangum, in Surry County.  In Martha’s will, she calls John Brown a son, so the Mangum name probably comes from a second marriage for her.[]  On 18 Apr 1758, Aaron Wall purchased 150 acres on the Blackwater Swamp from his father.[]  On 21 Jan 1761, he along with Charles Thompson appraised the estate of Samuel Lancaster.[]
  		   v.	HANNAH WALL, b. in Surry County on an unknown date, m. Mr. BROWNE, possibly JOHN BROWN who could be the son of Martha (---) Brown(e) Mangum mentioned in connection with Aaron’s wife,[] and d. an unknown date.  Her only appearance in the records is in her father’s will.
  		  vi.	MARY WALL, b. in Surry County on an unknown date, m. Mr. COCKE, and d. an unknown date.  Her only appearance in the records was in her father’s will.

16. THOMAS2 ATKINSON (Thomas1 Atkinson, stepchild of Thomas1 Pitman), was born in Surry County before 1673 based on his first land payment in 1694 and died in Surry County after 1 Feb 1725.[]  He married MARY (---) in Surry County, who outlived him and married secondly after 1 Dec 1726[] Mr. Burton[] in Surry County.  She died after 15 Jul 1737.[] 

On 5 Mar 1694, he made his first land purchase from Richard Bullock for 160 acres near Savages Run.[]   Mary (---) gave a her children a slave on 1 Dec 1726.[]  One of their children had married a Mr. Dickins, but it is unclear which one that was and what became of them.

		Children of Thomas Atkinson and wife Mary in order as they appear in the will were:
  		   i.	THOMAS3 ATKINSON, b. in Surry County after 1705, being underage at his father’s will, and possibly d. by 22 Oct 1744.[]  He first appears in the records when he witnesses a land sale between William Evens and John Judkins on 19 Apr 1736.[]  There are several other Thomas Atkinson references, but he cannot be distinguished from his cousin Thomas Atkinson, the son of James2 Atkinson (James1, stepchild of Thomas1 Pitman).
  		  ii.	MARY ATKINSON, b. in Surry County after 1705 and d. on an unknown date.  She is mentioned only in her father’s will.
  		 iii.	ELIZABETH ATKINSON, b. in Surry County after 1705 and d. on an unknown date.  She is mentioned only in her father’s will.  She may have married Thomas Lyle and moved to Northampton County, North Carolina by 21 Mar 1743.[]  Thomas Lyle was called a brother-in-law by her brother Robert Atkinson.[]  Thomas Lyle has no sisters mentioned in the will of his father William Lyle.[]  However, there are other combinations where Thomas Lyle be a brother-in-law to Robert Atkinson without marrying Elizabeth Atkinson.
  		  iv.	LUCY ATKINSON, b. in Surry County after 1705 and d. on an unknown date.  She is mentioned only in her father’s will.
  		   v.	AGNES ATKINSON, b. in Surry County after 1705 and d. on an unknown date.  She is mentioned only in her father’s will.
  		  vi.	WILLIAM ATKINSON, b. in Surry County before 1705 based on his first land purchase and d. before 18 Oct 1748.  William Atkinson first purchased land from “loving friend” William Richardson on 16 Nov 1725.[]  He patented 150 acres on the south side of the main Blackwater on the northeast side of Gregory’s Branch on 13 Oct 1727.[]  On 15 Jul 1737, William and his mother Mary (---) Atkinson Burton sell 249 acres to John Mason.[]  He leaves no will, but the land he purchases in 1725 and 1727 ends up in the possession of a Sloman Atkinson and Sloman’s mother Elizabeth Atkinson.[]  Sloman Atkinson could be a son of William. 
  		 vii.	ROBERT ATKINSON (possibly), b. in Surry County before 1705 based on his first land purchase, m. UNKNOWN (---), and d. after 28 Aug 1749.[]  Robert Atkinson is somehow related to Thomas Lyle who calls him “brother-in-law” when he gives him 80 acres on 17 Nov 1725.[]  He is in possession of his possible brother William Atkinson’s land at his death in 1748. []

17. CHRISTOPHER2 ATKINSON (John1 Atkinson, stepchild of Thomas1 Pitman) was born in Surry County before 1695 based on his first land purchase and died in Isle of Wight County after 17 Jul 1763.[]  He married ELIZABETH (---) possibly in Isle of Wight County,[] who died after her husband. 

Christopher Atkinson patented 100 acres on the south side of the main Blackwater Swamp on 23 Mar 1715 in Surry County.[]   He was living in Isle of Wight County on 12 Mar 1723 when he and wife Elizabeth sold this 100 acres to Thomas Alsobrook.[]  On 24 Mar 1725, he patented another 150 acres in Isle of Wight County on the north side of the main Blackwater Swamp and the south side of Mill Swamp adjoining Thomas Halleman.[]  On 28 Jan 1733, Christopher Atkinson purchased 234 acres on the Mill Swamp from Thomas Waller and wife Mary.[]  He purchased from his brother John Atkinson 100 acres on the west side of the Third Swamp of the Blackwater on 7 Dec 1747.[]  He gave some land to his children before he wrote his will.[]  

		Children of Christopher Atkinson and wife Elizabeth (---) in the order they appear in his will were:
  		   i.	BENJAMIN3 ATKINSON, b. in Isle of Wight on an unknown date, m. MARY (---)[] in Isle of Wight County who predeceased him, and d. in Isle of Wight County after 13 Jun 1794.[]  He first appears in the records when he is given 140 acres on the east side of Blackwater Swamp by his father on 1 Feb 1752.[]  Benjamin Atkinson helped appraise the estate of Britain Jones on 5 Apr 1759.[]  On 3 Sep 1778, he sells 150 acres on Mill Swamp to James Lupo.[]  He was also a security for James Lupo when James wrote his will on 15 Jan 1789.[]
  		  ii.	ELIZABETH ATKINSON, b. in Isle of Wight County on an unknown date, m. probably JOHN MUNFORD in Isle of Wight County before 5 Jul 1757, who predeceased her, and d. in after 29 Dec 1790.[]  Her husband’s identity is determined by his receiving 50 acres of land from her father Christopher Atkinson.[]
  		 iii.	ARTHUR ATKINSON, b. in Isle of Wight County on an unknown date and d. at an unknown date. By 9 Apr 1764, he had moved to Northampton County, North Carolina.  On that date, he sells 516 acres to William Harris.[]
  		  iv.	LUCY ATKINSON, b. in Isle of Wight County on an unknown date and d. on an unknown date.  She is mentioned only in her father’s will.
  		   v.	MARTHA ATKINSON, b. in Isle of Wight County on an unknown date, m. Mr. ARNALL, and d. on an unknown date.  She is mentioned only in her father’s will.
  		  vi.	CHRISTOPHER ATKINSON, b. in Isle of Wight County on an unknown date and d. before 17 Jul 1763 because he is not included in his father’s will.  He receives 100 acres from his father on the east side of the Blackwater Swamp.[]

18. JOHN2 ATKINSON (John1 Atkinson, stepchild of Thomas1 Pitman) was born in Surry County before 1694 based on his first land transaction and died in Surry County after 17 Apr 1736.[]  He married ELIZABETH EZELL, daughter of Michael Ezell and wife Elizabeth Tooke,[],[] in Surry County about 1714.  She survived her husband.  

John Atkinson purchased 200 acres on the third swamp of Blackwater Swamp from Orlando Champion on 19 Aug 1714.[]  He also patented 150 acres on the north side of the Blackwater Swamp in Surry County adjoining William Hart, Thomas Gwaltney, Thomas Holleman, and Christopher Atkinson on 28 Sep 1730.[]  

		Children of John Atkinson and wife Elizabeth (---) in order as they appear in his will were:
  		   i.	ABSOLOM3 ATKINSON, b. in Surry County about 1716 based on witnessing a will, m. LUCRETIA PARHAM[] and d. on an unknown date,  He was a witness of the will of John Holleman on 20 Oct 1736.[]  He was paid for teaching the children of John Holleman on 19 Apr 1738.[]  He migrated to Isle of Wight where he was a school master.[]    He purchased 186 acres of land in Brunswick County from William Southerland and Robert Southerland on 1 Mar 1743.[]  By 9 Mar 1752, he had relocated to Brunswick County when he sold 100 acres inherited from his father John Atkinson on the west side of the third swamp of the Blackwater Swamp to Jacob Cornwall.[]  On 22 Feb 1764, he and wife Lucretia sold 200 acres of land to Haley Dupree.[]
  		  ii.	JOHN ATKINSON, b. in Surry County on an unknown date, m. ANN (---) probably in Surry County,[] and d. after 24 May 1757.  By 5 May 1748, he had relocated to Brunswick County, Virginia where he and his brother Aaron Atkinson purchased 300 acres from West Harris and Joseph Green.[]  He and wife Ann sold his portion of this land back to his brother Aaron on 24 May 1757.[]
  		 iii.	CHRISTOPHER ATKINSON, b. in Surry County on an unknown date and d. after 7 Dec 1747.  He purchased 100 acres on the west side of the Third Swamp of the Blackwater Swamp on 7 Dec 1747 from his brother John Atkinson. []
  		  iv.	AARON ATKINSON, b. in Surry County about 1720, m. ELIZABETH (---) in Surry County,[] and d. after 2 Nov 1782.  On 25 May 1745, he sold 1 acre to Jordan Thomas that he had inherited from his father in his will.[]  He had moved to Brunswick County by 27 Feb 1747 when he sold 100 acres to Edward Portis.[]  On 5 May 1748, he and his brother John Atkinson purchased 300 acres from West Harris and Joseph Green.[]  He was living in Greensville County, Virginia when he sold 111 acres in Northampton County on 2 Nov 1782.[]
  		   v.	REUBEN ATKINSON, b. in Surry County on an unknown date and d. before 4 Feb 1750.  He is not mentioned in the records other than his father’s will and where he and his brother Amos were given land by his father.  Amos alone sold the land on 4 Feb 1750, which means Reuben was probably dead by that time.[]
  		  vi.	AMOS ATKINSON, b. in Surry County on an unknown date, m. (probably) Miss JUDKINS, daughter of Charles Judkins [] and d. on an unknown date.  On 4 Feb 1750, he sold 150 acres on the north side of the Blackwater to Jacob Cornwell.  This land was given to both him and his brother Reuben Atkinson.[]  He purchased 125 acres on the south side of the Nottoway River from Henry Holt and wife Edith on 27 Sep 1752.[]  By 26 Nov 1759, he had relocated to Beaufort County, North Carolina and sold this 125 acres to Richard Rose.[]
  		 vii.	DANIEL ATKINSON, b. in Surry County on an unknown date, m. MARY (---),[] and d. after 20 Dec 1763.  He was a witness of the will of Joseph Gwaltney along with his brother Jacob on 25 Oct 1750.[]  By 29 Sep 1756, Daniel Atkinson had migrated to Northampton County where he purchased 100 acres on the west side of Jacks Swamp.[]  Daniel Atkinson was also a witness on a land sale from Maurice Floyd to John Birdsong on 27 Apr 1761.[]  On 20 Dec 1763, he sold the 100 acres on the west side of Jacks Swamp to Simon Barrow.[]  
  		viii.	JACOB ATKINSON, b. on an unknown date and d. on an unknown date.  He was a witness of the will of Joseph Gwaltney along with his brother Daniel on 25 Oct 1750.[]

19. HANNAH2 ATKINSON (John1 Atkinson, stepchild of Thomas1 Pitman) was born in Isle of Wight County on unknown date and died in Isle of Wight County after 11 Nov 1750.  She married REUBEN COOKE, [] son of William Cooke and Joan Roper, in Isle of Wight County.[]  Reuben Cooke left a will on 19 Nov 1750.[]  Hannah is mentioned only in connection with her father’s and her husband’s wills.

		Children of Reuben Cooke and wife Hannah Atkinson in order as they appear in his will were:
  		   i.	JOHN3 COOKE, b. in Isle of Wight County on an unknown date and d. in Isle of Wight County after 18 Apr 1762 but probably closer to 2 Jan 1777 when his will was recorded.[]  He purchased 170 acres from his brother Benjamin Cooke on 4 Oct 1753.[]
  		  ii.	BENJAMIN COOKE, b. in Isle of Wight County on an unknown date and d. after 10 Apr 1754.  Benjamin Cooke purchased 300 acres in Northampton County, North Carolina on the north side of the Maherrin River from William Hart on 18 Dec 1752.[]  He sold 170 acres that he had inherited in the will of his father to his brother John Cooke on 4 Oct 1753.[]  By 10 Apr 1754, he had relocated to Northampton when he purchased 25 acres joining Poley Bridge Branch from Joseph Breet.[]  He is probably the Benjamin Cooke that is found in the Granville County, North Carolina land records in 1757.[]
  		 iii.	JOEL COOKE, b. in Isle of Wight County on an unknown date, m. PRISCILLA ELEY, daughter of William Eley, in Isle of Wight County,[] and d. in Isle of Wight County after 12 Oct 1761.[]  He and wife Priscilla witness the sale of land from Peter Woodward and wife Mary to Benjamin Gwaltney on 26 Dec 1758.[]
  		  iv.	NATHAN COOKE, b. in Isle of Wight County on an unknown date and d. in Isle of Wight County after 19 Aug 1786.[]  He may not have been married because he gave his sister Thamer Cole his estate.  On 5 Dec 1754, he purchased 250 acres on Burks Swamp and Round Hill Branch from James Bridger and wife Mary.[]  He is the executor of the will of his brother John Cooke. []
  		   v.	ANN COOKE, b. on an unknown date in Isle of Wight County, m. Mr. WHITEHEAD probably in Isle of Wight County, and d. on an unknown date. She is mentioned only in her father’s will.
  		  vi.	HANNAH COOKE, b. in Isle of Wight County on an unknown date and d. on an unknown date.  She is mentioned only in her father’s will.
  		 vii.	THAMER COOKE, b. in Isle of Wight County on an unknown date, m. (1) Mr. COLE probably in Isle of Wight County, [] and (2) WILLIAM WOODWARD in Isle of Wight County on 6 Jan 1787,[] and d. after 6 Jan 1787.  
  		viii.	WILLIAM COOKE, b. in Isle of Wight County on an unknown date and d. on an unknown date.  He is mentioned only in his father’s will.

20. MARY2 ATKINSON (John1 Atkinson, stepchild of Thomas1 Pitman) was born in Surry County on an unknown date and died in Surry County before 16 Nov 1743.[]  She married JOHN RICHARDSON, son of John Richardson and wife Phillis (---), probably in Isle of Wight County,[] before 17 Apr 1717.[]  He marries secondly ELIZABETH (---) in Surry County[] and dies in Surry County after 11 Aug 1747.[]  It is not known which spouse had which children.  Mary (Atkinson) Richardson shows up in the records in her father’s will and with her husband John Richardson, brother-in-law William Richardson and his wife Christian selling 150 acres to Thomas Doles on 5 Oct 1717.[]  

		Children of John Richardson and wife Mary Atkinson and/or Elizabeth (---) in order of their appearance in his will were:
  		   i.	HOPKIN3 RICHARDSON, b. in Surry County on an unknown date and d. on an unknown date.  He is mentioned only in his father’s will and is not found in records in any surrounding county.
  		  ii.	HARDY RICHARDSON, b. in Surry County on an unknown date and d. on an unknown date.  He is mentioned only in his father’s will and is not found in records in any surrounding county.
  		 iii.	JOHN RICHARDSON, b. in Surry County on an unknown date and d. on an unknown date.  There are individuals named John Richardson in more than one of the surrounding counties.  However, it is possible that this John Richardson was the one who left a will in Sussex County on 21 Jan 1769.[]  On 19 Aug 1757, a John Richardson was a property owner neighbor to Thomas Felts on Poplar Swamp.[]  His father John Richardson also owned land on Poplar Swamp.[]
  		
21. JAMES2 ATKINSON (James1 Atkinson, stepchild of Thomas1 Pitman) was born in Isle of Wight County before 1695 based on his first land purchase and died in Isle of Wight County after 20 Sep 1737.[]  He married (1) UNKNOWN in Isle of Wight County and (2) MARTHA (WILLIAMSON) PRICE,[] relict of Joseph Price, in Isle of Wight County. []  

	James Atkinson patented 250 acres of land on the main Blackwater on the south side of Tarrapin Swamp on 13 Nov 1713.[] On 7 Jul 1726, he patented 95 acres in Brunswick County on the south side of Fountain Creek.[]  

		Children of James Atkinson and his Unknown wife in order of their appearance in his will were:
  		   i.	THOMAS3 ATKINSON, b. in Isle of Wight on an unknown date, m. PATIENCE (---) in Isle of Wight County, and d. in Southampton County after 21 Dec 1762.[]  He was a witness to a land transaction between father James Atkinson and Parnall Atkinson on 12 Mar 1734.[] In his father’s will, he was given land on the Tarrapin Swamp. In 1758, he still owned this land. []
  		  ii.	TIMOTHY ATKINSON, b. in Isle of Wight County on an unknown date, m. ELIZABETH (---) in Isle of Wight County, and d. in Southampton County after 27 Jan 1777.[]  Timothy Atkinson agreed to build a bridge over the Blackwater River at the courthouse on 3 Oct 1751.[]  He both witnessed the will and appraised the estate of brother-in-law William Ingram dated in 1758.[]  He is a witness on a land sale from Lazarus Whitehead and wife Elizabeth to Robert Holland on 5 May 1775.[]
  		 iii.	MARY ATKINSON, b. in Isle of Wight County on an unknown date and d. on an unknown date.  She is mentioned only in her father’s will.
  		  iv.	DRUSILLA ATKINSON, b. in Isle of Wight County on an unknown date and d. on an unknown date.  She is mentioned only in her father’s will.
  		   v.	SARAH ATKINSON, b. in Isle of Wight County on an unknown date, m. WILLIAM INGRAM in Isle of Wight County, [] and d. probably in Southampton County after 14 Sep 1758.[]  She was the executor of her husband’s will.
  		  vi.	JAMES ATKINSON, b. in Isle of Wight County before 1714 based on his first sale of land, and d. at an unknown date.  It is hard to separate this James Atkinson from the one who married Mary (---).[]  This latter James Atkinson appears to be a descendant of Richard Atkinson.[]  James Atkinson sold 230 acres on the south side of the Third Swamp of the Blackwater to Parnal Atkinson on 12 Mar 1734.  He inherited this land from his father.[]  James Atkinson may have moved to Edgecombe County, North Carolina and purchased land on the north side of the Tar River on 12 Jan 1744/5. []

22. JOSEPH2 ATKINSON (James1 Atkinson, stepchild of Thomas1 Pitman) was born in Isle of Wight County and died in Isle of Wight County after 6 Feb 1761.[]  He married MARY (---) in Isle of Wight County.[]  Mary died after her husband.

Joseph Atkinson is not found in his father’s will but the relationship can be proved another way.  He is called a son when he received 216 acres from his father on 3 Feb 1710 in Isle of Wight County.[]  On 16 Mar 1731, he sold these 216 acres to Samuel Crafts.[]  He purchased 100 acres from George Bell, Jr on 13 Oct 1742.[]  Joseph Atkinson sold 100 acres on the east side of the first swamp of the Blackwater to Owin Jones on 6 Sep 1749.[]

		Children of Joseph Atkinson and Mary (---) in order of their appearance in his will were:
  		   i.	JESSE3 ATKINSON, b. in Isle of Wight County before 1735 based on his first appearance as a deed witness, m. MARY WILSON, daughter of George Wilson, in Isle of Wight County,[] and d. in Isle of Wight County after 3 Jan 1785.[]  On 8 Dec 1755, he was a witness to a land sale from Francis Floyd to his brother Joseph Atkinson.[]  He was an executor of the wills of both William Allman on 26 Jun 1771[] and of Micajah Wills on 26 Sep 1777.[]
  		  ii.	JOSEPH ATKINSON, b. in Isle of Wight County before 1735 based on his first appearance buying land, m. FRANCES (---) in Isle of Wight County, and d. in Isle of Wight County after 28 Nov 1775.[]  On 8 Dec 1755, he purchased from Francis Floyd 150 acres on the Beaver Dam Branch.[]
  		 iii.	JAMES ATKINSON, b. on an unknown date in Isle of Wight County and d. in Isle of Wight County after 28 Nov 1775.[]  He is mentioned in his brother’s and father’s wills but not in any other land or will records.
  		  iv.	MARY ATKINSON, b. in Isle of Wight County before 1740, m. JACOB PERSON,[] and d. after 7 Jan 1768.  Mary’s father gave her and her husband 150 acres on Beaverdam Branch on 7 Apr 1761.[]  She and husband Jacob Person were living in Surry County at that time. They sold this land to Seth Hunter on 7 Jan 1768.[]
  		   v.	CELIA ATKINSON, b. in Isle of Wight County on an unknown date, m. WILLIAM DAVIS in Isle of Wight County,[] and d. in Isle of Wight County after 2 Apr 1789.[]  She is mentioned in the records only as a legatee in her father’s will and as the administrator of her husband’s estate.

Generation 4 (Pitmans only)

23. WILLIAM4 PITMAN (Thomas3-1) was born in Surry County about 1678.  He was the recipient of a heifer from his grandfather Thomas Pitman in 1680.[]  He died in Isle of Wight County sometime after 4 Apr 1753.[]  He married MARY RAY, sister of William Ray, probably in Surry County.[] 

As William Pitman, Jr. he patented 240 acres in Surry County on the south side of Blackwater Swamp adjoining the land of Richard Holleman, decd., on 9 Jul 1724.[] With wife Mary, he sold this land to David Holloway of York County on 17 Aug 1743.[]  He also built 4 coffins for John Holleman.[]  Sometime prior to 1730, he lived for a time near his brother Thomas Pitman, based on Robert Lancaster’s testimony in Isle of Wight County court.[]  However, William Pitman is not mentioned by name. He lived in Newport Parish of the Isle of Wight County from 7 Jul 1726 to 3 Nov 1740.[]

William died sometime after 5 Apr 1753, when he gave his estate to his only known son James.[]  He did not leave a formal will or any other estate.  His brother Thomas4 (Thomas3-1) left a will and his children are easily identifiable.  There are four other Pitmans in the same general area who are probably William’s children: Benjamin, Edward, Joseph, and Nathaniel.  There are no known daughters.

		Possible children of William Pitman and wife Mary Ray:
  		   i.	BENJAMIN5 PITMAN, b. in Surry County after 1705, m. (1) FORTUNE (---)[] in Isle of Wight County and (2) ANN (---) probably in Edgecombe County, North Carolina, and d. in Edgecombe County after 23 Aug 1755.[]  Ann survived her husband.  Benjamin Pitman first appears in the records when he buys 590 acres of land on the south side of the Blackwater Swamp in Isle of Wight County on 20 Mar 1743.[]  Benjamin Pitman calls Joseph a brother when he gives him 200 acres  in Isle of Wight County on 27 Feb 1743.[]  On the same day, he gives 150 acres to his “friend” John Williford on the south side of the Blackwater Swamp adjoining said Williford and Micajah Edwards.[]  He is still in Isle of Wight County when he and wife Fortune sell the remaining 240 acres of land adjoining Proctors Ferry, Copohonk Branch, Williford and Micajah Edwards to “friend” Thomas Pretlow on 7 Mar 1744.[]  Benjamin next shows up in Edgecombe County, North Carolina where he buys 200 acres of land on the south side of the Tar River from Michael Dorman.[]    
  		  ii.	EDWARD PITMAN, b. in Surry County about 1712, m. MARTHA (---) in Isle of Wight County,[] and d. in Isle of Wight County between 6 May1745 and 12 Jun 1746.  Edward Pitman’s first appearance in the records comes on 26 Nov 1739 when he purchases from Joshua Hayes for “natural love that I have for my friend” 200 acres on the second Swamp on the Blackwater at the head of Cooks Branch.  Even with this natural love, Joshua Hayes seemed to charge him the going rate for land at that time, judging from the several other land transactions that took place around the same time.[]  There is no known relationship between him and Joshua Hayes.  Edward Pitman sold 100 acres of this land to brother James Pitman on 23 May 1741.[]  He sold another 60 acres to Mathew Jordan on 21 Dec 1741.  Two of his neighboring properties are owned by Thomas Pitman and James Pitman.[]  He sold the last 50 (sic) acres on 6 May 1745 to “friend” Sampson Flake.[]  His estate is recorded on 12 Jun 1746, with wife Martha (---) being the administratrix.[]  Edward Pitman had at least one child.[]
  		 iii.	JAMES PITMAN, b. about 1715, m. ANN (---),[] d. probably in Isle of Wight County after 3 Jun 1773.  James Pitman purchased 100 acres of land from the Edward Pitman just mentioned on 23 May 1741.[]  He makes several appearance in Isle of Wight Court over the years as an estate appraiser and will witness.[]  He is last seen selling land with wife Ann (---) to Thomas Wombwell on 3 Jun 1773.[]
  		  iv.	JOSEPH PITMAN, b. about 1718 and d. on an unknown date.  Joseph Pitman is the most elusive one of the potential children of William.  He purchases the 200 acres on the Copohunk Branch from his brother Benjamin on 27 Feb 1743 as mentioned above.  This land later fell into Southampton County.  There is no record of this land being sold through 1767, and he is not found again in Isle of Wight or Southampton records.  He probably migrated to North Carolina as did his brother Benjamin, where there are at least two adult Joseph Pitmans by 14 May 1756 when Joseph Pitman, Sr,. sells to Joseph Pitman, Jr., 90 acres of land adjoining the Tar River and John Gay.[]   Sorting out Joseph Pitmans in Edgecombe County is a challenge.  Joseph Pitman (Thomas4-1), his possible younger cousin, is known to be near Edgecombe County.[]  Using the definition that the oldest in the community with the same name is designated by senior and the youngest is designated by junior,[] this transaction could be from one cousin to another.  The problem I have with that analysis is that I am not aware of any other instance where Sr. and Jr. are used in the early Edgecombe County records for other than father and son.  A Joseph Pitman who could be the son of William3 Pitman (Thomas2-1) leaves a will dated 9 Oct 1762 that mentions wife Ann, and children Ann, Jethro, and Cloe.[]  These children were very young and were still under the court guardianship on 23 Feb 1773.[]
  		   v.	NATHANIEL PITMAN (possibly), b. about 1720 and d. on an unknown date.  Nathaniel Pitman stays pretty independent of the other Pitmans, which makes his potential placement as a son of William speculative. On 8 Sep 1743, he purchases 150 acres from John Barnes and wife Ann on the north side of Blackwater Swamp adjoining Mr. Chambers.[]  This Mr. Chambers is William Chambers, the brother of Mary Chambers who married secondly Thomas3 Pitman (Thomas2-1), so he does have some interface with the Pitman clan.[],[]  Nathaniel sells his land to Roger Delk of Surry County on 21 Jun 1745.[]  Because of his interaction with Roger Delk, he may be a candidate to be the husband of Ann Jones, daughter of Abraham Jones, who is called Ann Pitman in his will.  Ann Jones has a sister named Martha who married a Delk.[]

24. THOMAS4 PITMAN (Thomas3-1) is born in Surry County about 1684 and died in Isle of Wight County before 28 Sep 1730.[]  He married ELIZABETH LANCASTER, daughter of Robert Lancaster, in Surry County about 1704 who predeceased him.[]

Thomas Pitman shows up in the tax records in 1700,[] which would make him born about 1684.  Judging from the inventory in his estate, he is probably a carpenter like his ancestors had been.[]  

Thomas Pitman purchased from Henry Norton 100 acres in Lawnes Creek Parish bounded by Indian Cabin Branch, Mr. Francis Mason, decd., John Bynam, and the Green Swamp about 1704.[]  This land is also next door to his uncle William3 Pitman’s land.

Before 19 Aug 1712, he had migrated to Isle of Wight.  He purchased from John Allen 350 acres on the south side of Blackwater Swamp that straddled both Surry County and Isle of Wight County.[]  He purchased from his uncle William3 Pitman (Thomas2-1) 50 acres of land on Green Swamp in Surry County on 13 Nov 1713.[]  He continued to purchase several plots of land over the next 13 years.  Transactions involving these plots of land help immensely in identifying his sons and where they eventually migrated.

Thomas4 Pitman (Thomas3-1) mentioned in his will in 1730 that a brother had lived next to his property.[]  The brother in question was William4 Pitman (Thomas3-1).  As William Pitman, Jr., he had purchased 240 acres in Surry County on the south side of the Blackwater Swamp adjoining the land of Richard Hollyman, decd., on 9 Jul 1724.[]  

The description of the John Allin patent states he purchased 1,400 acres on the south side of the Blackwater at the mouth of the Little Swamp on 25 Apr 1701.[]  The land of Richard Hollyman, deceased, was also on Little Swamp.[]  The only other land Thomas4 Pitman owned at the time of his death was 400 acres on the north side of Meherrin River and the south side of Tarrara Creek patented on 24 Mar 1725 as Thomas Pitman, Jr.[]  This land was near where Southampton County, Virginia and Hertford and Northampton Counties in North Carolina intersect today.[]

He marries Elizabeth Lancaster, daughter of Robert Lancaster.  Robert Lancaster in his will dated 28 Apr 1720 mentions some of Thomas’ children but not all of the living ones.[]  Wife Elizabeth is not mentioned in the will of Thomas Pitman and probably predeceased him.[]  Thomas Pitman had a very large family.  All the sons can be traced, but only one of the daughters (Olive) can be identified in the records past the writing of this will.  There are no order books in Isle of Wight County until 1746 nor are there parish registers for the Nottoway Parish.   All birth dates, except for Joseph Pitman’s, are estimates.

		Children of Thomas Pitman and wife Elizabeth Lancaster in order as they appear in his will:
  		   i.	THOMAS5 PITMAN, b. in Surry County about 1704, m. ANNE (---) in Isle of Wight County about 1728, [] d. in Edgecombe County, North Carolina after 4 Apr 1754.[]  Thomas Pitman is the executor of the will and probably the oldest child.  He does not live in Isle of Wight County for long.  He is found in Edgecombe County, North Carolina records buying 320 acres of land on Beach Swamp from William Whitehead on 21 Aug 1739.[]  After settling into life in North Carolina, he and wife Anne (---) begin to dispose of his land back in Isle of Wight County.[]  He leaves a will dated 4 Apr 1754 in Edgecombe County that mentions wife Anne, son Thomas, son Lot, and six other sons and two daughters but does not name them.  He names brothers Robert and Ambrose as executors.[]  Because the will does not name his sons, there is some conjecture as to exactly who they were.
  		  ii.	SAMUEL PITMAN, b. in Surry County about 1705 and d. after about 1727.  Samuel Pitman is the second son mentioned in the will of Thomas4 Pitman.  He does not appear in the record books after his father’s will.  The land that he received in the will is not sufficiently identified in order to see how it was eventually sold.  A Samuel Pitman appears in Edgecombe County, North Carolina in 1757[] but he seems to have been the Samuel Pitman who made his will in 1811 in Halifax County.[]  If that Samuel Pitman were the son of Thomas4 Pitman, he would have been over 100 years old when he made the will in 1811.
  		 iii.	ROBERT PITMAN, b. in Surry County about 1708, m. UNKNOWN in Isle of Wight County, and d. in North Carolina after 4 Jul 1760.  Robert Pitman is first found in the Isle of Wight County records witnessing the sale of land from Jesse Moneham of Bertie County, North Carolina to Edward Chitte on 22 Sep 1730.[]  He signs his name as a “P.”  On 27 May 1742, he witnesses another sale from his brother Thomas5 Pitman to his brother Ambrose Pitman and in that instance he is able to sign his name.[]  He relocates to Edgecombe County, North Carolina by 16 Nov 1742 when he purchases 200 acres on Rayford’s Creek from William Kinchen, Jr.[]  He also owns property in Northampton County near the state line of Virginia.[]  This land was patented by Robert Pitman on an unknown date but could be the 150 acres listed to a Robert Pitman in Bertie County on 21 Mar 1743.[]  On 8 Nov 1764, his son Jesse Pitman sells 150 acres of what is identified as a patent to Robert Pitman to Harmen Taylor.[]  Robert Pitman has a son named Joseph who is appointed constable of Edgecombe County on 21 Feb 1758.[]  He witnesses the wills of Lewis Davis and his wife Martha Davis in 1760.[]  The land he purchased in 1742 fell into Halifax County in 1759.  He is last mentioned on that land on 4 Jul 1760.[]  His spouse is not known but there was an Elizabeth Pitman who also witnessed the Jesse Moneham deed mentioned earlier and she may be his wife.
  		  iv.	AMBROSE PITMAN, b. probably in Surry County about 1712, m. UNKNOWN probably in Isle of Wight County, and d. in Halifax County, North Carolina after 26 Mar 1786.[]  Ambrose Pitman may have been one of the first of the Pitman sons to go to Edgecombe County, North Carolina.  He purchases 320 acres of land from William Whitehead on 21 Aug 1739.[]  He is found very often in the court records buying and selling land.  He also lives in the part of Edgecombe County that became part of Halifax County in 1759.  Although he was involved in many land transactions, none of the records mention his wife.  He leaves a will dated 26 Mar 1786 that lists 10 children.[]
  		   v.	JOHN PITMAN, b. in Surry County about 1707, m. ELIZABETH (---) in Isle of Wight County,[] and d. in Southampton County after 12 Dec 1780.[]  John Pitman is probably one of the oldest of the sons of Thomas Pitman.  He is found in the Isle of Wight County records witnessing a will on 16 Aug 1732.[]  On 18/19 Feb 1735, he purchases 100 acres on the north side of Three Creeks from Vaughan Helburn.[]  John Pitman seems to have been quite a restless person.  He also makes the migration to Edgecombe County, North Carolina, probably before 1746.  John Pitman is of North Carolina when he returns to Isle of Wight County to sell 100 acres on the north side of Three Creeks on 28 Apr 1746.[]  He purchases 150 acres of land on White Oak Swamp from Thomas Hicks on 7 Aug 1746.[]  He is from Isle of Wight when he purchases 200 acres on Kirby Creek and Cabin Branch in Northampton from John Beel and wife Hester on 23 Feb 1748/9.[]  He is of Southampton County, Virginia when he and wife Elizabeth sell this land to Joseph Pope also of Southampton on 1 Jan 1758.[]  Along with wife Elizabeth, he sold 140 acres on Tarara Creek to brother Arthur Pitman on 24 Jun 1749.[]  He makes his will on 9 Oct 1781 in Southampton County.  He gives to daughter Sarah Boykin all his land in North Carolina.[]
  		  vi.	ARTHUR PITMAN, b. in Isle of Wight County about 1715 and d. in Southampton County before 11 Jul 1758.[]  Arthur Pitman lived most of his life in Virginia.  He does briefly show up in the Northampton County, North Carolina records when he and brother John Pitman witness two deeds during 1746.[]  Since these deeds are 8 months apart, he may have lived in the area for a period of time.  He purchased 140 acres of land on Tarara Creek on the north side of the Meherrin River from his brother John Pitman on 24 Jun 1749.[]  He died between 7 Aug 1754 when he witnessed the will of Thomas Taylor and 11 Jul 1758 when his estate was appraised by Henry Dawson, Chaplin Williams, and John Edwards.[]
  		 vii.	SAMPSON PITMAN, b. in Isle of Wight County about 1717, m. probably AMY MONGER, daughter of Robert Monger, in Isle of Wight County, and d. probably in Southampton County after 13 Dec 1781.[]  Sampson Pitman first shows up in the Isle of Wight County records when he and his brother Joseph sell to their brother John the 110 acres of land given to them in the will of their father Thomas4 Pitman (Thomas3-1).[]  Sampson Pitman, along with Robert Monger, purchased 25 acres on Seacock Swamp in Isle of Wight County from Joseph Exum on 7 Feb 1748.[] Since Sampson Pitman was also an executor on the will of Robert Monger, it is very likely that Sampson Pitman married Robert Monger’s daughter Amy, who is called Amy Pitman in the same will.[] He shows up frequently in Southampton County Court records appraising the estates of others,[] but there no record of his death.
  		viii.	JOSEPH PITMAN, b. in Isle of Wight County 1 Nov 1724, m. (1) ELIZABETH (---) in Edgecombe County about 1746,[] and (2) HANNAH (---)[] probably BOOTH in Edgecombe County before 20 Apr 1764, d. in Edgecombe County after 18 Dec 1786.[]  Joseph Pitman is the last son mentioned in the will of his father.  He is best documented son because he joined the Rich Square group of Quakers in Northampton County area, North Carolina.  This congregation included parts of Edgecombe County as well.  The Quaker records list Joseph as the son of Thomas Pitman born on 1 Nov 1724.  This source lists his wife Elizabeth Pitman also born on the same day and died on 31 Mar 1761.  Seven children are listed.[] He was probably the Joseph Pitman who witnessed the will of Moses Pitman 24 Mar 1759.[]  This will was “proved by the affirmation of Joseph Pitman, one of the people called Quakers.”[]  Joseph Pitman married secondly Hannah as early as 20 Apr 1764[] but definitely by 1 Sep 1775.[]  He had 5 children by this second marriage.  His will is dated 18 Dec 1786 in Edgecombe County.[]  Hannah could be the daughter of Thomas Booth, Sr. whose will was dated 19 May 1777[] because of the similarity of names between the slaves listed in his will and the ones listed in Joseph Pitman’s will.  Joseph Pitman states that the slaves and a bed were “the estate I had with her by marriage.”  There is a Robert Boothe, possibly a brother to Hannah, who witnessed the will of Joseph Pitman.  There is no record of Hannah or the Booth family being Quakers.  There is a record of Joseph Pitman being dismissed for “proposing marry to one outside of Society” on 16 Nov 1776 (Quaker dating).[]  It is not clear why it took so long after his marriage to Hannah, unless this entry applied to his son Joseph.
  		  ix.	ANNE PITMAN, b. in Isle of Wight County on an unknown date and mentioned only in her father’s will.
  		   x.	OLIVE PITMAN, b. in Isle of Wight County about 1716, m. probably ELIAS FORT in Edgecombe County.  The discussion of the Fort family provides details of this argument.[]  Elias Fort did have a wife named Olive when he sold 216 acres of land in Edgecombe County on 16 May 1740[] and could be the grandfather of Olive Pitman Fort.[]
  		  xi.	PRATTA PITMAN, b. in Isle of Wight County on an unknown date, d. on an unknown date, and mentioned only in her father’s will.
  		 xii.	ELIZABETH PITMAN, b. in Isle of Wight County on an unknown date, d. on an unknown date, and mentioned only in her father’s will.
  		xiii.	LUCY PITMAN, b. in Isle of Wight County on an unknown date, d. on an unknown date, and mentioned only in her father’s will.
  		 xiv.	FAITH PITMAN, b. in Isle of Wight County on an unknown date, d. on an unknown date, and mentioned only in her father’s will.
		 xv.	LETTIS PITMAN, b. in Isle of Wight County on an unknown date, d. on an unknown date, and d. probably before 1727.  She is mentioned only in her grandfather Robert Lancaster’s will.[]
  	 
One of the sons of Thomas4 Pitman (Thomas3-1) could have married Anne Williams, daughter of Thomas Williams who mentions daughter Anne Pitman in his will dated 6 Oct 1758.[]  The most likely candidate is Arthur Pitman, who had Anne’s brother Chaplin Williams as an appraiser on his estate and was a neighbor to Chaplin as well.[]