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EARLY TYPES OF SAILING SHIPS
Thanks goes out to Bruce T. Hall at [email protected] for the following definitions and descriptions of ships. Bruce points out that some of the names of ships on The Olive Tree are incorrect, with the ship type given as part of the ship's name ... e.g., the snow "Molly" becomes the "Snow Molly", the packet "Pennsylvania" becomes the "Packet Pennsylvania", the pink "Dove" becomes the "Pink Dove", etc. The following list from Bruce describes many of the sailing ships that brought our ancestors to America in the 17th and 18th centuries.
Thanks Bruce!
EARLY TYPES OF SAILING SHIPS
- bark -- a three-masted ship with its two forward masts square-rigged, and its rear mast fore-and-aft rigged.
- brig -- a two-masted ship with square-rigged sails.
- brigantine -- a two-masted ship, like a hermaphrodite brig (see), but with a square-rigged topsail
on the mainmast.
- clipper -- a sharp-bowed, narrow-beamed sailing ship, built for great speed.
- cutter -- a single-masted yacht or sailboat carrying two headsails under normal wind conditions.
- hermaphrodite brig -- a two-masted ship with a square-rigged foremast and a fore-and-aft-rigged
mainmast.
- > ketch -- a small, two-masted sailing vessel rigged fore-and-aft, with the mizzenmast somewhat
shorter than the mainmast and located forward of the rudder-post. (Compare with a yawl.)
- lighter -- a large open barge used chiefly to load and unload ships anchored in a harbor.
- packet -- a boat that travels a regular route, as along a coast or on a river, carrying passengers,
freight, or mail.
- > pinnace -- 1. a small sailing ship, often one used as a tender to a larger ship. 2. a ship's boat.
- pink -- a sailing vessel with a high, narrow stern.
- schooner -- a ship, rigged fore-and-aft, with two or more masts,
- sloop -- a single-masted sailing vessel, fore-and-aft rigged, with a mainsail and a jib.
- smack -- a small sailboat, usually rigged as a sloop, with a well for keeping fish alive.
- snow -- a square-rigged sailing ship that differs from a brig (see) in having a trysail mast close
abaft of the mainmast.
- yawl -- a small, two-masted sailing vessel, similar to a ketch, but with the mizzenmast located aft
of the rudder post. (Compare with ketch.)
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