ITS ERECTION.

The need of a new township, to be carved from the northern part of the originally great Cincinnati township, was not felt with any pressure or made necessary by the pushing of settlement up the Miami purchase, until after Wayne's victory in 1794. This greatly stimulated removal from the hamlets along the river to the rural districts and invited rapid immigration from abroad. The next year the court of general quarter sessions of the peace for Hamilton county answered a demand of the growing settlements and somewhat numerous stations up the Mill Creek valley for a new municipality. Springfield township was accordingly created, to begin at a point in the meridian bounding the east side of township three, in the first entire range, two miles south of the southeast corner of said township three (that is, the present corner of Springfield township); thence north two miles to said southeast corner of township three; thence east two miles to the meridian; thence north six miles to the northern line of the entire range one; thence west to the east boundary of Colerain, which was then as now; thence south along Colerain and South Bend townships eight miles; thence east to the place of beginning.

This boundary deprived Springfield of its present range of sections on the north, in range two, township two; but south of the south line of that range gave two tiers of sections -- twelve in all, to the present south line of Sycamore, also the ranges of sections across what is now the north part of Mill Creek township. The western boundary of Springfield was the same as now, except that it began one mile south of its present beginning, and extended two miles further south than now. The old township contained just sixty sections.

In the general reconstruction of the townships of Hamilton county in 1803, Springfield suffered a change. It was now so bounded as to include the two western tiers of sections in township four, of the first entire range, which it had previously, but which are now in Sycamore township; the two sections next north of them in the second entire range, township three, also in Sycamore, which Springfield did not have before; the five eastern tiers of sections in township three, of the first entire range, all of which Springfield covered previously, but now lost the last tier on the west; one tier of sections immediately north of these, in range two, township two, which was a new acquisition of five sections to Springfield; and the same amount on the south, from what is now Mill Creek, but was only five-twelfths of the former possession of Springfield in this direction. By these changes the township had not greatly altered its form, but had shrunk in size from sixty to fifty-four sections.

Springfield now includes the whole of township three, in the first entire range, and the tier of sections next on the north, in township two, range two. It is thus, but for a somewhat broken line on the north, a regular parallelogram of uniform length, seven sections with Sycamore and Springfield townships, and of even width -- six miles -- with Mill Creek township. It contains forty-two sections, some of them being of less than full size, and so yielding altogether but twenty-five thousand eight hundred and ninety-six acres, and is, with the exception of Sycamore, which has the same number of sections but more acres, the largest township in the county. The south, east, and west boundary lines are run straight, with approximate exactness; the first section parallel from the south is also well run, as well as the meriadians in general; but the parallels proceeding from the second begin at once to break their regularity and soon become exceedingly uneven, growing more and more so to the north line of the township and county, which is here the most broken of any part of the county line, in places almost equaling the zigzags of a Virginia rail fence.
 

GEOGRAPHY.

Springfield township is bounded on the north by Butler county, on the east by Sycamore township, south by Mill Creek township, west by Colerain. The southeas

The Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton railroad runs through the entire easternmost tier of sections, in a somewhat winding course of about eight miles. The Cincinnati & Springfield railroad, commonly known as the Dayton Short Line, almost bisects section No. 1, in the southeast corner, but does not elsewhere touch the township, except across a corner of the next section north. It has a course in Springfield of only about one and a half miles. The College Hill narrow-gauge railway now runs to a point half a mile west of Mt. Pleasant, entering from the south and having about two miles of track within the township. Another narrow gauge line, called the Cincinnati, Avondale & Hamilton railroad, has been projected, to enter Springfield from the direction of Avondale, where it would form a junction with the Miami Valley (now Cincinnati & Northern), upon section No. 7, nearly half a mile west of the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton railroad, and run with a general parallelism to that line to Glendale, where it would strike to the northwest, leaving the township on section No. 19, two miles and a half from the northwest corner. This, however, is believed to be a dead project. The old Hamilton turnpike runs through the township almost on a due north and south line, through Mount Pleasant, one mile east of the Colerain line. The Hamilton, Springfield & Carthage turnpike, on the old military road, or Wayne's trace, strikes a bee line from Carthage, on the first meridian west of the Sycamore boundary througe Hartwell, Wyoming, and to Glendale, whence it diverges to the northwest, passing through Springdale to its exit from the county in the direction of Hamilton. The line due northward from the point of divergence is continued by the Princetown turnpike to the north county line. The Winton pike, and several other fine roads, also aid in the accommodation of the Springfield people. The Lebanon pike barely more than touches the southeast corner. The Miami canal also crosses that angle, but farther in the interior, striking diagonally, in a course of about two miles, through sections Nos. 1 and 2, and passing the villages of Carthage, Hartwell, and Lockland. These with other villages named above, and also Springdale, are also the principal places in the township, although many others have been platted, particularly on the railway lines, as will appear near the close of this chapter.
 

TOWNSHIP OFFICERS.

The first, nominated by the quarter sessions court in 1795, were: John LUDLOW, clerk; James WALLACE, overseer of the poor; Henry TUCKER, Jacob WHITE, overseers of highways; Isaac MARTIN, John VANCE, Luke FOSTER, viewers of enclosures and appraisers of damages.

Under the order of 1803, defining new boundaries for the township, the voters in Springfield were required to meet at the house of Jonathan PITTMAN, and elect three justices of the peace.

April 24, 1809, under the system then prevailing, Zebulon FOSTER and Joseph JENKINS were commissioned by the governor of the State as justices of the peace for the township of Springfield, each to hold his office for the term of three years.

We find the names of other Springfield justices published as follows: 1819, Abraham LINDLAY, William SNODGRASS; 1825, Charles SWAIM; 1829, Thomas SCOTT, James WHALON, Alexander MAYHEW; 1865-8, Samuel McLEAN, John L. McGILL, R. McGILLIARD; 1869, McGILLIARD, McLEAN, Thomas EVITT; 1870-1, EVITT, McGILLIARD, C. B. RUFFIN; 1872, EVITT, McGILLIARD, E. P. NEWELL; 1873, McGILLIARD, NEWELL, Joseph O. DURHAM; 1874, DURHAM, McGILLIARD, F. M. DOUGLASS; 1875-6, same, with Jeremiah GROSS; 1878, Robert CARSON, D. J. SMITH, H. P. MAYHEW; 1879-80, SMITH, MAYHEW, R. J. STAUVERMAN.
 

HISTORICAL NOTES.

The cattle brand of the township, fixed by the court of quarter sessions in 1795, was E.

It is noted that by 1810 Springfield had already a population of about fifty-eight to the square mile. It had a total number of seven thousand nine hundred and seventy-nine inhabitants by the census of 1880.

In the Western Spy and Hamilton Gazette, of Cincinnati -- the number for July 9, 1800 -- William LUDLOW advertises his farm in Springfield township, of thirty to forty acres, for sale, and offers to take a brood-mare for part pay. Farming property, evidently, was cheap in those days.

The Mound Builders left some remains of interest in this township, although none great in extent. A fine old mound, of considerable size, near the Station spring, was destroyed many years ago, in grading for a turnpike. Mr. OLDEN says:

In cutting through it the earth presented the appearance of having been deposited from vessels little larger than a peck measure, as small heaps of that size and of entirely different kinds of earth were found

Another, said by Mr. OLDEN to correspond pretty nearly in size to this, still stands on the Maynard French farm, section eleven, southwest of Glendale. He says:

It is seventy-three feet in diameter north and south, and sixty-three feet east and west at the base, with an altitude of eight feet. It is covered with forest trees, oak and ash, some of which are more than twenty inches in diameter. Some persons in digging into it years ago left two uneven and ill-looking depressions, which mar the appearance of this otherwise beautiful little mound.

A smaller mound, of about forty feet in base-diameter and six feet high, is found on section four, upon the Noah BAB's place. Several others exist upon the estate of Mr. John L. RIDDLE, in the northwest part of the township, and some elsewhere in Springfield, but none of so marked a character as to call for further description. We do not learn that any enclosures or fortified works have ever been discovered in the township.
 

THE BEGINNINGS OF SETTLEMENT.

In 1792, Mr. Henry TUCKER, who had come from New Jersey to Columbia the same year with his relative, John TUCKER; Henry WEAVER, who came to the same place from New York, two years before; Luke and Zebulon FOSTER, Jonathan PITTMAN and James McCASKEN, formed a company to push up the valley of Mill creek, establish a station and improve a farm. They found a suitable tract on what is now section four of this township, on the west branch of Mill creek, a little below Glendale, half a mile north of the site of the well-known tavern, afterwards kept by Mr. PITTMAN, and about as far east of the tracks of the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton railroad. The site known as Foster's Hill transmits the memory of their occupation here. It was then on the military trace cut through between Forts Washington and Hamilton. East of this, and at a point about a mile and a half northwest of the present Lochland, the party began the erection of a block-house. Mr. OLDEN says: "The old station-house stood on the east side of the road, immediately opposite the late residence of Manning TUCKER, now owned by Mr. Horace BUGHER." The farm owned by Mr. BUGHER is identical, in part, with the location made by the Tuckers and their company. Cabins were also commenced; but the settlement, although unmolested by the Indians, was presently disturbed by a dissension between Henry TUCKER and Luke FOSTER, the former alleging that FOSTER, in making the lines of his own division (for the settlers were not to hold in common), had encroached upon the site TUCKER had selected for his home. The trouble was serious, and the complainant, unable to obtain satisfaction, seceded from the colony and returned to Columbia. During the winter of 1793-4, however, the difficulty was composed, Luke FOSTER accepting an offer of ten acres in the southwest corner of the section, and Zebulon FOSTER five acres next north of it, as compensation for their improvements made on section four. This was now divided again between the two TUCKERS and PITTMAN, while the FOSTERS, with WEAVER and McCASHEN, and two new men named James SEAWARD and Ziba WINGENT, agreed to settle on sections nine and ten, next on the west and southwest. Under this arrangement Henry TUKER, with the rest, who had also returned to Columbia on the advice of Captain WELLS, an experienced Indian fighter, to await the advent of Wayne's army, went out again in the spring of 1794 and recommenced their improvements.

Henry TUCKER's son, the Manning R. TUCKER mentioned above, resided long after upon the tract, and the place continued to be known as Tucker's station, being mentioned by that name in the notes of early travellers, and in other accounts. But the new station-house, made necessary by the division of the original party into the settlements, thus calling for a location central and convenient to both, was called

PLEASANT VALLEY STATION.

It took its name from the beautiful grove in picturesque surroundings, amid which it was situated. A spring near still bears the name of "Station spring," and traditionally marks the site as on the line between sections four and ten, on the west bank of Mill creek, and directly on the present Hamilton turnpike, near Woodlawn station. Late in the fall, about two months after WAYNE had marched his protecting and avenging "legion" northward, the station-house and cabins being sufficiently near completion, the settlers felt it safe to remove their families to the station. Mr. OLDEN says:

Neither TUCKER's nor Pleasant Valley stations suffered any serious trouble with the Indians. No murders or other depredations were committed, and, save one single incident, nothing occurred to cause alarm or apprehension of danger. The event referred to happened one morning during the winter of 1793-4.  Mr. James SEWARD, while down at the spring getting water, heard what he supposed to be turkeys calling some distance beyond the creek, and on going into the station-house spoke to a Mr. MAHAN, who had been about the station several days, saying: "If you would like to have a turkey, MAHAN, I think you can get one if you hurry out. I heard them calling over on the hill." MAHAN at once caught up his gun and started in the direction pointed out by SEAWARD. He had gone but a short distance when he heard the peculiar calling of turkeys, and followed on in the direction until he was led away near a mile from the station, when suddenly a large Indian stepped from behind a tree not more than twenty yards from him, and said in broken English, "How do?" At the same time he saw a gun pointing towards him from a cluster of spice bushes. The surprise was so great and sudden that he dropped his gun and ran with superhuman speed for the station, followed closely by the Indians. They no doubt intended capturing him without alarming the settlement. and therefore did not fire upon and kill him at once, as they could easily have done. He outstripped his pursuers and reached the station, but so overcome that his eyes were protruding and bloodshot. He swooned from exhaustion, and lay for an hour or more in a complete stupor. When reaction came a fever set in, and for several days his life was despaired of.

Mr. Henry WEAVER, of this settlement, was appointed by Governor ST. CLAIR, in 1794, one of the justices of the peace for Hamilton county, with a very large jurisdiction, in point of territory, considering the extent of the country at that time. He pushed further to the northward after the treaty of Greenville, settling near the present Middletown, in Butler county, and afterwards on Elk creek, Madison township, where he lived the rest of his days, filling honorably, a part of the time, the post of associate judge of the court of common pleas, and many lesser offices.

Luke FOSTER, one of the Columbia pioneers and a lieutenant under appointment of Governor ST. CLAIR, was

Foster Hill, in the south part of section four, midway between Glendale and Lockland, is named after this family.
 

FORTIFIED STATIONS.

The territory now covered by Springfield township included a greater number of these than any other tract of equal size in the county. The vigorous pushing of enterprising colonists up the Mill Creek valley, while the necessity for special protection against Indian attacks still existed, sufficiently accounts for this. The most important of these simple fortifications was probably

1. White's Station. -- This was formed under the leadership of Captain Jacob WHITE, of Redstone, Pennsylvania, by a number of families, among the heads of whom were Messrs. David FLINN, Andrew and Moses PRYOR, Andrew GOBLE, and Lewis WINANS. The exact date is unknown. Local traditions fix the year as 1790; but as Captain WHITE did not locate his land until July 23, 1792, it is believed that he did not go upon it with his settlement until after that date. His location was upon section one in this township, and the block-house was built near the present canal aqueduct, northeast of Carthage, on the southeast bank of Mill creek, at what was then called "the third crossing." Mr. OLDEN says: "Its particular location, as near as can be described, was where the ice-pond now is, northeast of Carthage." The block-house was a small and feeble defence, and was occupied by WHITE's family alone. GOBLE and FLINN built cabins for their families near, and a heavy, rough log-fence surrounded all the buildings. It was made, however, rather to turn cattle and hogs, then for protection against Indians.

Mr. Thomas M. DILL, of Carthage, in a narative prepared for the History of Mill Creek Township, gives the following description of this humble fortification:

The station stood on the south bank of Mill creek, where the Cincinnati & Springfield railroad bridge now crosses. It was a strong doubled log structure, with a middle hall through between the inner apatments, in the upper projecting stories of which were holes through which to fire. Barricade doors effectually barred all entrance from without, while a palisade strengthened an outer enclosure, into which horses were placed in time of danger. The creek prevented approach from the north and northeast, the bank here being high, and the ford below being within range of the guns in the station. The front of the block-house was towards the southeast, fifty yards from which, along the edge of the bottom, ran a low fence, extending from the great road on the west around east and north to the bank of the creek, where the Miami aqueduct now stands. On the bank of the creek, above and below the station-house, were the cabins of Andrew GOBLE and Mr. FLINN, with whom lived his sons, Stephen and Benjamin. On the north side of the creek were the houses of Andrew PRYOR, John S. WALLACE, and Mr. WINANS, and that of Mrs. Moses PRYOR, whose husband was killed the year before in the well.

Andrew PRYOR, Mr. WINANS, and Colonel John S. WALLACE afterwards built cabins on the other side of the creek, within what are now the limits of Hartwell, but not distant from the station. The tract owned formerly by Moses PRYOR was in section six, Mill Creek township, including what are now the county infirmary firm, and his residence, in his lifetime, was more distant from the station, as was that of Mr. John REILY, a school teacher from Columbia, who was on the northeast corner of section twelve, the original site of Carthage. Their history belongs to the annals of Mill Creek township.

The principal event at White's station, or elsewhere in the early history of Springfield township, was the desperate attack made by a party of Indians upon the station on the evening of October, 1793, closely following the defeat of an escort to one of Wayne's wagon-trains, a few miles north of Fort St. Clair. The station had been warned of the disaster, and probable consequent danger to it, by a courier from WAYNE on the morning of the same day. Mr. OLDEN thus tells the sad story:

Many traditionary accounts have been handed down through the families then belonging to the station concerning the events about to be related, differing. as might be expected, as to the details; but the principal facts are well substantiated, and may be relied upon as true.

The whole male force about the station at the time consisted of seven men and a boy, viz.: Captain Jacob WHITE. Andrew GOBLE. David FLINN and his two sons Stephen and Benjamin, both full-grown men, Andrew PRYOR, Lewis WINANS. and Providence, the son of Captain WHITE, then but ten years of age. John S. WALLACE, who resided in a cabin on the north bank of the creek, was at the time on a visit with his family at Cincinnati. The widow of Moses PRYOR, with her three children, was residing in the family of her brother-in-law, Andrew PRYOR, opposite the station. as before stated.

About five o'clock in the evening the dogs belonging to the station kept up a continuous barking on the hill, not far from the present residence of William R. MORRIS. Andrew GOBLE supposing the dogs had treed a coon, proposed to go into the woods and get it; but Captain WHITE, thinking it possible that there were Indians about, forbade any one going out. GOBLE, however, persisted, and finally went alone. He had gone but a few hundred yards from the station when he was fired upon and fell, pierced, as it was afterwards discovered, by a number of balls. The Indians then emerged from their cover (some say behind the second bank of the creek; others assert that they were concealed in the little ravine south of where Mr. MORRIS' residence now stands). They came down the hill with their accustomed war-whoop, and as they approached the station they observed Mrs. PRYOR's little girl, a child of little more than four years old, playing upon the opposite bank of the creek. They at once fired upon it, and it fell mortally wounded. The mother, who and her three children were then the only occupants of the cabins on the north side of the creek -- all the other inmates having gone over to the station on a visit -- heard the firing, and went to the door of the cabin just in time to witness the fatal shot that struck her child. Her second child, a boy between two and three yeaas old, being sick, she was holding him in her arms, while her babe was lying asleep in the cradle, On seeing her little girl fall she put down the boy and went out, under the fire of the Indians, and bore the child into the house, only, however, to find it silent in death.

The savages then opened fire upon the little block-house, which was promptly returned, and the crack of the rifle was incessant for some half-hour. There were a number of surplus guns in the station, and the women were kept busy loading, while the men were thus enabled to keep up an almost constant fire, making their number appear much greater. Captain WHITE ordered the women to place his hat upon a pole and run it through the roof of the block-house. This ruse was quite successful for a time in drawing the fire of the enemy.

The Indians, who numbered about thirty, and up to this time were sheltered behind trees at some distance away, now came down the hill upon the station with furious yells, as if to carry it by storm. They were led on by a large and powerful chief, who approached the blockhouse and, while in the act of scaling the fence, received a fatal shot and fell within the enclosure. The rest of the band, seeing their leader fall, retreated back into the woods, where they kept up an occasional fire for an hour or more, and then withdrew and were heard of no more.

In the early part of the engagement several Indians detached themselves from the main body, and, crossing the creek some distance above came down in the rear of the three cabins on the opposite bank from the station, in one of which Mrs. PRYOR and her children resided. On finding her little girl dead beyond hope, Mrs. PRYOR became so distressed over her bereavement that for a time she lost sight of all danger and gave herself up to grief. But the peril was too imminent to allow much time for sorrow. On going to the door of the cabin she saw an Indian approaching but a few hundred yards away, and once her mind reverted to her surviving children. Her first thought was to grasp both and fly for safety, but a second glance at the Indian warned her that time was precious, and, with a gleam of hope that the savage might spare her babe, she caugh up the sick boy and ran with all speed for the station, with the Indian in full pursuit. Without any regard to road or ford, she took the most direct course to the block-house, and on coming to the creek sprang into the water up to her waist, crossed the stream, and reached the station in safety, where she was compelled to remain in her wet garments during the night.¹

Soon after the attack began Andrew PRYOR was dispatched to Fort Washington for aid. He reached the fort about midnight, and obtained ten dragoons, each bearing an infantryman behind his saddle, who hastened to the relief of the little station, which they reached about daylight, but found that the Indians had left during the night.

On going to the cabins over the way it was discovered that the savages had taken Mrs. PRYOR's babe from the cradle and dashed out its brains against a stump near the cabin door, where its body was found.²  They had entered all three of the cabins, ripped open the feather beds, turned out the feathers, and filled the ticks with clothing, coverlets, blankets, household goods and other valuables, and carried all away. The soldiers followed the trail for several miles but failed to overtake them.

Some additional particulars of interest and value are supplied by Mr. DILL's relative, which we subjoin in full, notwithstanding some slight and unimportant discrepancies with Mr. OLDEN's account:

Of the WHITE family it appears that only Captain Jacob WHITE and his son, Providence, a boy of twelve, together with the female portion of the family, were at home on that day. John S. WALLACE and wife were away at Cincinnati; so that but six men and a boy comprised the strength of the station. During the day the dogs, in the woods east of the station, had barked a good deal, and Andrew GOBLE, thinking they had treed a coon, started out about sunset, saying he would have the coon, "Indians or no Indians." The Indians were in the ravine, which ran towards the station on the north side of the graveyard, and along the hilltop (near the aqueduct) overlooking the cabins of PRYOR, WINANS, and WALLACE. On nearing the woods, where the dogs had been noticed barking, Andrew GOBLE was fired upon by the Indians, and fell, with eight balls through him. The Indians above, on the bluff, immediately fired across the creek, killing one of the Widow PRYOR's children. The other child ran for its mother, at Andrew PRYOR's. The mother ran to the child, which was shot before her eyes, and with the other endeavored to reach the cabin. A second volley from the Indians on the bluff struck the other child, and when Mrs. PRYOR entered the cabin both children were dead in her arms. It was supposed by Captain WHITE and those in the station that it was one of his own children that was first shot, until some time after the attack, when the little ones came out from under the bed, where they had taken refuge from the balls of the enemy.

Fire was opened effectively upon every Indian who exposed himself, from the cabins of PRYOR and WINANS, over the creek, and from the rifles of Captain WHITE and the FLINNS, in the station. The women put the children under the beds, and, themselves being protected by the strength of the lower rooms and the bullet proof palisades outside, assisted in loading the guns and passing them up to WHITE and the FLINNS above, who, firing rapidly from under the roof, not only did considerable execution, but impressed the savages with the belief that the post contained a greater force than it did.

About dark, and after the firing had continued sharply for over an hour, the Indians prepared to charge on the station and break their way through; but the deadly fire from well directed rifles caused them to hesitate. The chief was recognized by his great stature, his orders, and his dodging continually from tree to tree, working his way towards the fence which extended across the cleared yard, sixty yards from the station. At last he issued his last command, and with a whoop started in advance of the rest to clear the fence. He reached the top of it, when WHITE's rifle cracked, and the Indian fell heavily within the enclosure, dead. The attacking party kept under cover of the trees and the banks of the ravine until darkness prevented further hope of success. No sooner had darkness made it impossible to see the rifle-sights, than those of the WHITES beyond the creek came over with their families into the station. Andrew PRYOR immediately mounted a horse and started -- most probably by way of Ludlow's station -- to Cincinnati for aid. He, with Colonel WALLACE and twenty men, got to the station before daylight on the twentieth, but found the Indians had withdrawn.

Providence WHITE, the boy, long afterwards related that his father, Captain WHITE. "switched one of the horses well to make him lively, and as soon as it was dark put him on the horse's back and started him out of the station gate, telling him to whoop at the brow of the hill, to let them know he was still safe on the horse's back, and go quick for help." The boy went, taking the road or trace in the direction of Bonnell's run, Duck creek, and thence to Columbia. The Indians fired at the horse and rider, in the darkness, but did no injury other than to scalp one of Provy's big toes.

It has been frequently stated in print that in this attack on White's station the Indians left but one dead -- the chief, who was too heavy to be carried off under fire of the station; but this is incorrect. Twenty-five years ago William D. LUDLOW stated to the writer of this narrative that he was at White's soon after the occurrence, and saw some of the dead Indians within a half-mile of the station. They were covered but slightly with earth, stalks, and weeds; the weather was warm and their bodies were much swollen, and one of them had on a sort of cotton shirt, and by his side a new rifle. His head was pillowed on the root of a tree, and on his bosom was tipped up a piece of looking-glass, reflecting the ugly features of his dead face. Some years ago some laborers in the vicinity of this site disinterred the parts of several skeletons; and these were, most probably, the remains of the Indians who fell in the attack.

2. Griffin's Station. -- This was but about half a mile west of White's, and was probably established in the fall of 1793, or soon afterwards. Lieutenant Daniel GRIFFIN, upon a land warrant, July 23, 1792, entered the entire section seven, now in this township, and some time after sold three hundred and forty-eight acres of it to James CALDWELL. James was one of the sons (the other being Samuel) of Robert CALDWELL, who were all among the earliest settlers about this station, together with Robert GRIFFIN, Daniel and Jacob VORHIS, James McCASHEN, and Daniel SEWARD. Their main station building was on the present Hamilton, Springfield and Carthage turnpike, where it crosses Mill creek southwest of Hartwell. It seems to have had no particular history. The cabins of the GRIFFIN and VORHIS brothers, and that of Robert CALDWELL, were on the south side of the stream; those of Daniel SEWARD and James McCASHEN on the north. SEWARD's is said to have been near the present dwelling of Mr. CORMANY, in Hartwell; McCASHEN's at the intersection of the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton railroad and the turnpike. John WINANS is also known to have been an early immigrant near the station, but just where he located is uncertain. A little way below it the CALDWELLS early built a saw- and grist-mill, with which a little distillery was afterwards connected. Their business was ruined in 1806 by a sudden and unusual freshet in Mill

Luke FOSTER was born on Long Island in the year 1761, and came to Hamilton county in 1788, where he first made settlement of the farm now occupied by the widow of Algernon FOSTER. His occupation was that of a farmer, although for a time he served as judge of the court of common pleas of Hamilton county. As he prospered he kept constantly adding to his first purchase, until he became finally one of the most prominent land holders in the county. He died at the advanced age of ninety-four, being run over by the cars. His companion died nine years previously, and they both are buried near each other in the cemetery at Reading. Further notices of this veteran pioneer appear elsewhere.

Algernon Sidney FOSTER, the subject of the following sketch, was born in the year 1805, on the farm now occupied by his widow, at the age of sixty-one. He married Miss Laura T. RUDEBOCK, a native of New Jersey. At about the age of twenty-three he graduated at Oxford school, and afterwards sought the legal profession as his choice, but owing to the indisposition of his parents to have him from home, he was compelled to yield to their wishes, and ever after followed the occupation of farming. He was a gentleman of remarkable ability and intelligence, esteemed and respected wherever known. He was an industrious and hard-working man, although highly cultivated and refined. He died in the year 1880, after having lived a life of usefulness. He left a companion who was ever ready to share alike with him all the cares and disappointments that are so common in life, and his loss to her was irreparable. His remains were interred in the Spring Grove cemetery. Few are they whose names may grace the pages of this volume that were so well worthy as Algernon FOSTER.

Among the first white children born in Hamilton county was one Daniel CAMERON, who was born in the year 1786(?). Immediately after attaining his majority he married Miss Sarah S. HAINES, daughter of an early pioneer of the county. He and his family experienced all the bitterness and privations of real pioneer life. To Mr. and Mrs. CAMERON were born six children: Robert H., Daniel, James H., Caroline, and Betsey. The surviving children of this family are Betsey, and Daniel, who was born in the year 1832. His business has been that of farming. He married, in the year 1858, Miss Maria MOORE. Seven children have been given them: Watson, Allie, Daniel, George B. McClellan, Clara, and two dying in infancy unnamed. Mr. CAMERON is one of the industrious citizens of the township, and is pleasantly situated on a farm of one hundred and sixteen acres -- the old HAINES homestead.

Benjamin PERLEE was born in the year 1769, in New Jersey. From this State he removed to Cincinnati in 1795. He lived till the year 1845, when he died at his home in Springfield township, His first business was that of tailoring, but he subsequently became a farmer. Mary PETERSON, his wife, was born in 1770, and died in 1852. Peter and John are the only surviving children; the latter is now living on the old homestead. On this farm his father made settlement in the year 1795 or 1796. It was there in the woods, with no improvements whatever, John PERLEE was born in 1811. In 1835 he was married to Miss Maria PEARSON. They have had five children: Caroline, Martha J., Benjamin, Peter, and Eugene; all have died excepting Caroline and Benjamin. Mr. and Mrs. Perlee are both members of the Presbyterian church, to which they have given material aid, as well as sustaining it by their active Christian lives.

Dominicus VANDYKE was born in New Jersey in the year 1779. In 1795 or 1796 he emigrated to Ohio, where he settled in Springfield township, on which place he died in 1814. By trade he was a carpenter and cabinetmaker. Mary, his wife, was born in 1786, and died in 1876. There are now living only Mary Ann, who resides in Washington, Indiana, and William, the oldest son and subject of the following sketch. He was born in Springfield township in the year 1809. His father died when he was but five years of age, leaving him to fight the battle of life alone. At the age of fourteen he went as an apprentice to Cincinnati to learn the trade of harness-maker and saddler. In the year 1832 he came to Springfield and established himself in business here. He industriously and successfully pursued his occupation for a period of about forty years. He was married in the year 1834 to Miss Martha A. SENTNY, and to them were born three children: Mary F., Charles H., and one that died unnamed. Mr. VANDYKE has always been one of the business men of Springfield; a citizen respected and esteemed. This worthy couple are now living a quiet and retired life, and are both remarkably well preserved for their years.

William McGILLIARD, the fourth son of John and Elizabeth McGILLIARD, of whom a sketch is given elsewhere, was born in Springfield township in the year 1819. He resided with his parents until the time of his marriage, in 1839, to Miss Rebecca CREGAR. Eight children have been born four sons and four daughters: Emeline, John, Hattie, George, Edward, Stanley, Laura, and Ida May. Emeline, Hattie, and George are not now living. Mr. McGILLIARD is one of the most enterprising farmers of his township and county. He served in the capacity of trustee of the township for thirteen years. He and his companion are reliable members of the Christian church.

James MOORE was born in Pennsylvania, York county, in the year 1768. In 1796 he settled in Springfield township. At various times he served as school teacher, land surveyor, and justice of the peace. His regular business, however, was that of a farmer. His wife, Jane MOORE, was born in 1771, and died in 1855. Those now alive of the original family are David, residing in Springfield township, and Robert W. The father died at his home in the year 1829. Robert was born in 1803, and now owns and occupies his father's place. In 1832 he was married to Damaris WHALLON. They have had nine children -- six sons and three daughters: James W., William, Thomas W., Sarah Jane, Robert W., Hattie A.,

Frank, Allen J., and Lucy B.  Sarah, Robert, Hattie, and Frank, are not living. Mr. MOORE and his wife have both been members of a Christian church for a long time, and are zealous supporters of the faith they profess. Mr. MOORE has almost reached his four-score years, and but for an injury sustained from a fall in 1878, would have probably survived many years longer. James W. and Allen reside at home superintending the farm and caring for their aged parents in their declining years. James has been married to Miss Elizabeth FIELD, Thomas to Miss Phoebe A. ROLL, and William to Miss Lucretia HOEL.

Jacob R. COMPTON was born in New Jersey, in 1760. In 1796 he made his first settlement in Columbia township, having emigrated into Ohio from Kentucky. His business was that of a cooper, at one time, and afterward that of a farmer. He died in 1821 at his home in Columbia township. Ermina COMPTON, his wife, was born in 1760 and died in 1840. Abraham, who was born in 1796, in the State of Kentucky, came with his parents to Hamilton county, with whom he remained till the year 1812, when, a lad of eighteen, he enlisted in the army. Unhurt, he returned to his home, crowned with all the honor our gallant sons justly received. He was married at the age of twenty, to Abigail PHILIPS, by whom he had thirteen children -- five sons and eight daughters. Oliver died from disease in the war of 1861; Freeman, Alfred, John A. (killed in the Mexican war), Spencer (now deceased), Catharine, Emma (also deceased), Sarah, Elvira and Hetty (both deceased), Hannah, and one dying in infancy unnamed. Mr. COMPTON is a gentleman remarkable for his memory. His business has been that of a farmer and carpenter, which he has industriously pursued for almost three-quarters of a century. He and his wife are and have been active members of the Baptist church for many years.

James CARNAHAN was born in the year 1773, in the State of Pennsylvania. From this State he emigrated to Springfield township in 1797, or 1798. By occupation he was a farmer during the greater part of his life, but at one time worked as a teamster, and at another time helped in the first pottery in that part of the country. His wife's name was Jane PIATT. He died in the year 1848. Of his family remain Mary HUBBELL; Jane, who is still unmarried, and resides at Walnut Hilts; and William, the only male representative. He was born on the old homestead, in Springfield township, in 1804. In early life he worked in a pottery, which he afterwards gave up, as it impaired his health. He then followed the grocery business for almost half a century in New Burlington. He married, in the year 1829, Miss Maria L. DAVIS, of Warren county. To them were born nine children -- G. A., Allen W., Piatt, James L., William, Catharine J., Amanda, Evaline, and Mary A.  William, Mary and Evaline are not living. Both Mr. and Mrs. CARNAHAN are members of the Disciple church, and have always been accounted among its best supporters. He and his companion are living -- she at the age of seventy-nine, and he in his seventy-sixth year. He is postmaster at New Burlington (transit post office), at the present time.

Aaron LANE was born in the State of New Jersey, in the year 1763, January 2d. In 1797 or 1798 he, with his family, came to Hamilton county, and first made permanent settlement in Springfield, in the forest. His earnest determinations were to conquer, and the mighty oaks soon yielded to his strong arm, and waving fields of grain told that his intentions had been fully executed. He lost his companion in the year 1800. He was married again to Miss Elizabeth CARNAHAN, daughter of an early pioneer family. To Mr. and Mrs. LANE were born six children, two sons and four daughters. Their names are: William, Sarah, Abigail, Jane, Hannah, and Garrett. Those dead are: Sarah, Abigail, and Hannah. Our subject departed this life in the year 1845, after passing his four-score years, his companion surviving him until the year 1855, and they both lie buried side by side, in the little burial-ground at New Burlington. Garrett, the only surviving member of this once happy household, residing within the State, was born in the year 1816, in Springfield township, on the old LANE homestead, which he now owns and occupies. He was married, at the age of thirty-one, to Miss Hannah GANTZ. The fruit of this union was two children, one son and one daughter, Willie and Mary. Both died in early childhood. The parents are now left alone, and are living in a beautiful and comfortable home near New Burlington. He is one of the prominent and highly respected citizens of the community in which he lives.

John M. WRIGHT settled in Cincinnati in 1798. He was born in Dublin, Ireland, emigrated from the District of Columbia into Ohio, and died at his home in Mount Pleasant. He had a part in the War of 1812, and was a school teacher while in Cincinnati. His wife's name was Ann Maria WRIGHT. The surviving members of the family are Joseph F., a resident of Mount Pleasant; Maria Louisa LABOYTEAUX, also a resident of Mount Pleasant; and F. C., the eldest son. The last mentioned was born in Cincinnati, October 16, 1813. He was a cooper by trade, which he industriously pursued for a period of fifteen years. He married, in the year 1838, Miss Julia LABOYTEAUX, daughter of an old and important family. To them have been born seven children -- five sons and two daughters: Alvin D., John, P. N., F. C., J. F., Mary, and Cornelia. Cornelia and John are not living. In the year 1848 our subject began the mercantile business in Mount Pleasant, and successfully conducted his business until the year 1873. He then retired, and his son, P. N., took possession and is now proprietor.

Henry BOLSER was a German by birth, which event dates back to the year 1718. Some time prior to 1800 he emigrated to Hamilton county from the State of Pennsylvania. While in his native land he filled the office of high sherriff, his occupation here was that of farming. He died in 1821 at his home, four miles east of Reading. His wife, Mary BOLSER, died the same year. Their children were George, Henry, Peter, John, Samuel, Joseph, Mary, Gustave, Elizabeth, and Katie -- all now dead. George, the third son, was born in Pennsylvania, at Fredericktown, in 1765, and came with his parents to Hamilton

Samuel SEWARD was born in the State of New Jersey. He married Miss Elsie JENTRY, and to them were born ten children: Obediah, Ann, William, James, Samuel, Irwin, Elias, Eliza, Martin G., and Daniel. Those living are Eliza VAN ZANT, Daniel, and Martin G. Mr. Seward came to Hamilton county previous to 1800. For many days they were obliged to remain in the blockhouse at Carthage, so numerous and savage were the Indians at that time. After their fears had somewhat subsided he and his family located on a tract of land situated on Winton road, near Mount Pleasant. He at once set about the clearing of his farm, which he gradually contiued to improve till to-day it is one of the finest farms in the county. His death occurred in 1819. The wife and mother survived him till the year 1843. Martin G., the seventh son, was born in 1807 on the old Seward homestead. His occupation has been that of a farmer. In 1831 he married Miss Mary HILL. They had born to them nine children: Samuel, James Riley, Viola J., Mary, Hannah, George, Lizzie, William, and one who died in infancy. Samuel also died, after he had reached manhood. The family are pleasantly situated on a beautiful farm adjoining Mount Pleasant. Mr. and Mrs. SEWARD are both consistent members of the Christian church in the vicinity.

The McCORMICK family were among the earliest pioneer families of Hamilton county, their settlement being about the year 1800 or prior to that time, but as to exact date there is no certainty. The eldest of the McCORMICKS were James and Mary. To them were born five children, three sons and two daughters: James, Robert, and John, Evaliza and Catharine. All have died but Evaliza. The immediate descendants of James, the eldest son, were three children, two sons and one daughter -- John B., Mary, and Willian. The maiden name of his wife was Hannah DAVIS, who died in 1860, her husband surviving until 1862, when he died of cancer, after five years of suffering. The only representatives of this once happy household are William, and John B., the subject of the following sketch, who was born in the year 1833. He resided with his parents until the time of their decease, caring for them and attending them in their declining years. He married, in the year 1868, Miss Elizabeth RANDOLPH, and to them was born one son, Perry. Mr. McCORMICK is one of the prosperous and enterprising young farmers of the community, and comes of a quite prominent and highly respected family.

David SPRONG, a farmer of Springfield township, at the age of thirty-seven settled in this part of the country as early as 1800. His birthplace was in the State of New York, whence he removed to Ohio. In 1842 he died at the place now owned by his son Cornelius. Louisa TENNEY, his wife, was born in 1779 and died in 1851. Of the children, Solomon, James, Ward, Stephen, David, John, and Jeremiah have died; Cornelius, Samuel, and Henry are still living. Cornelius, the subject of the following sketch, was born in this township in 1802. He made his home with his parents till the time of his marriage, in 1845, to Miss Ruth PERKINS. She died shortly after, and the husband married, in 1852, Miss Parmelia D. McCOSH, daughter of an important pioneer family. Two children were born of this marriage -- Barney C., and Lois, who died in infancy. Mr. SPRONG is a substantial farmer and a leading man in the township and county. He and his wife are zealous members of the New Light church. His parents have been dead for some time; they are buried at Finneytown. His only child, Barny, lives with his parents on the old homestead, superintending the farm and caring for his aged parents. He married Miss Delia CUMMINGS. They have two children -- Carl C., and Albert J.

James WHALLON made his first settlement in Sycamore township in the year 1800. He was born in 1770 in New Jersey, from which State he emigrated into Ohio. He died at his home in Springfield township in 1849. He was by occupation a farmer; at one time served six years as justice of the peace, and was an active member of the army in the War of 1812. His wife, Ollie WHALTON, was born in 1773 and died in 1847, two years before her husband's death. The surviving members of the family are Nancy ROLL, Damaris MOORE, Cynthia STONE, Thomas, and Benjamin, the fourth son and subject of the following sketch.

Benjamin WHALLON was born in Sycamore township in 1807. He made his home with his parents until his marriage, in 1830, to Miss Eliza MOORE, daughter of an early pioneer. Two years later his wife died, leaving an infant daughter, Eliza. In 1835 he married Sarah STONE, who became the mother of three children -- Nancy, Elizabeth, and James. In 1843 his second wife died. In 1847 he was wedded to Margaret S. GRIFFIN. The home in which he now lives with his family joins the old homestead where his father settled in 1811. The Presbyterian church has for a long time received his liberal support, his wife as well as himself being among its best members. It may be added as a matter of interest that Mr. WHALLON has attended one church regularly fifty-eight years; never received a whipping at home or at school (suggestive

William PIERSON was born in the State of New Jersey in the year 1788. He came with his parents to Cincinnati in the year 1800. His trade was that of a brick-maker. He was married to Miss Huldah PIERSON, who was born in 1791, and was the daughter of an early settler. To Mr. and Mrs. PIERSON were born seven children -- four sons and three daughters: Sinias, Mary Ann, Harriet, Emily, James, William, and John. John, Sinias, Mary Ann, and Harriet are now dead. Our subject died in the year 1866, surviving his companion thirty-four years. The only member of the family now residing within the county of Hamilton is William, the third son, who was born in the year 1832. His attention has principally been given to farming. He married, in the year 1852, Miss May E. COOPER. There have been born to them four sons and three daughters: George W., Laura H., Frank, William H., May, Estella, and Samuel (deceased). Mr. PIERSON is one of the first farmers of his township and county, and now owns and occupies the old PIERSON homestead. He and his wife are devoted members of the United Brethren church, who supplement by their lives the faith they profess.

Benjamin URMSTON was born in the State of Pennsylvania in the year 1800. The same year he came with his father to Springfield township, where he remained for a short time, then moving to Butler, where they stayed until after his father's death, in 1821. In the year 1828 he married Miss Rebecca KENNEDY, and to them were born five children, four sons and one daughter: Kennedy, Robert, Mary Jane, Benjamin, and Edmund. Kennedy and Mary Jane the only daughter -- are not living. In the year 1837 the family came again to Springfield, and resided here ever since. Both the parents are members af the Baptist church, and have always been among the supporters of the same. This worthy and aged couple now live at ease in a comfortable home at Mount Pleasant.

Barnabas HOEL first settled in Springfield township, in 1801. He was born in the State of New Jersey, from which he emigrated to Ohio early in his life. He was a carpenter by trade, but afterwards became a farmer. The following are the names of the surviving members of the family: Abigail DAVIS, Phoebe, Rosebaum, John, and William, the eldest son and subject of the following sketch. He was born in Springfield township, in a rude log cabin, without chimney or floor, in the year 1801. He resided with his parents until the time of his marriage, in the year 1822, to Miss Julia Ann MAY. To them were born six children, two sons and four daughters: Sarah Ann, Alexander, Emeline, Chamberlain, Maria, Delilah, and Amanda. Those not living are Sarah Ann, Emeline, and Chamberlain. Mr. HOEL lost his companion in the year 1854. He was married again in the year 1855, to Miss Mary Ann HUFFMAN. The occupation of Mr. HOEL has been that of a farmer. He and his wife are both zealous members of the Presbyterian church. Grandfather and Grandmother HOEL are both dead, and lie buried in the Springdale cemetery.
John LaRUE came to Springfield township December 16, 1802. He was born in Hunterdon county, New Jersey, in the year 1774, and moved from that State to Ohio. He served in the War of 1812, and was one of the guards stationed at Blennerhasset island. His wife was Catharine LOWE, who was born in the year 1781. The present survivors of the family are James L. LaRUE, who resides two miles west of Lockland. He was twice married -- first, in 1832, to Miss Elizabeth SIMMONS, and second, in 1838, to Miss Naomi B. GARDENER, daughter of an old and prominent settler. The first wife bore him two children -- Louisa, wife of Dr. A. B. LUCE, of Carthage, and George, a prominent coal dealer of Lockland, who was a soldier in the war of the Rebellion, losing his right arm in the service. He returned to his native county and was elected, at the close of the war, auditor of Hamilton county. His mother died in 1837. The second wife became the mother of nine children. Those now living are Alexander, John, James M., Jacob, and Eliza. The subject of this sketch has been an active business man for over half a century. He has occupied every position of honor and trust that an appreciative people could confer. He is now becoming an old man, but is strong in body, and in full possession of every faculty. During his life he has acquired a pleasant home and enough of this world's goods to make himself and wife comfortable as long as they shall live.

William McCASH was born in Glasgow, Scotland, on November 15, 1783. He married Nancy Ann DODSON, of Greenbrier, Virginia, and to them were born eleven children, six sons and five daughters: Elenord D., Willliam D., Permelia D., Edward, Margaret, David, Cynthia, Serena, Luther, James and Caroline; Margaret, Edward, Luther, David and James are not living. The wife and mother died in 1869, the husband survived until the year 1871. They are buried at the Spring Grove cemetery. Their first settlement was in the year 1802, in Springfield township, on the Winton road. They settled in the woods, with no improvement excepting a log cabin, and afterwards cleared up the farm. The old homestead is now owned by Mrs. SPRING.

Peter LABOYTEAUX was born in the year 1783 in New Jersey, and in 1804 came with his parents to Hamilton county, Ohio. In the fall of the same year, or the following spring, he was married to Miss Elizabeth PACKER. Two sons and three daughters were born to them: Samuel, Elizabeth, Catharine, Peter and Keziah. His first permanent settlement was made upon the Miami purchase. Here, in this pioneer home, he cared for his family, with all the obstacles that a pioneer had to encounter. His father died in 1811; his mother lived till a few years later. The wife died also in the year 1813. He was afterward married to Margaret CAMERON, who be came the mother of six children -- three sons and three daughters, and died in 1833. The year following he married Miss BEDSON, after which event three more sons were added to the family. In the year 1848 he died. His wife survived him some years, but died in the next decade. Samuel, the eldest son and subject of the following sketch, was born in Springfield township in

Among the early settlers of Springfield township none were more prominent than the JOHNSONS. Cary JOHNSON came to Springfield township on horseback from Bascom Ridge, New Jersey, in 1804. He was born in the year 1781, and at the age of twenty-three he started for the land of promise. His first settlement in Ohio was the farm now owned and occupied by his son, Cary Benson. Here he began life. He at once set about erecting a cabin and clearing away the forest. In the year 1805 he was married to Miss Rachel JESSUP, by whom he had nine children -- four sons and five daughters: Drucilla, Jemima, Jane, John, Abner, Sarah A., Hampton, Augusta, and Cary B. All are now dead, but Sarah MANGER and Cary B., who resides in Jackson county, Iowa. The father departed this life in the year 1866, surviving his companion but three years; and they both are buried in the little burial ground near New Burlington. Now the only representative of this household residing in Hamilton county is Cary Benson, who was born in the year 1832. His business has always been that of farming. He married, in the year 1859, Miss Sarah L. JACKSON. Mr. JOHNSON is one of the thrifty farmers of his township. While he has no membership with any church, his sympathies are with the Universalists. He is pleasantly located on a finely improved farm near Mount Pleasant, surrounded by every comfort necessary to his wants.

Rachel JESSUP, wife of Cary JOHNSON, was born in 1787 in the State of New Jersey, and came with her parents to Springfield township in the year 1794, coming from Pittsburgh to Cincinnati on a flat-boat. The farm on which the family first settled had been selected some time previous by an older brother, Stephen JESSUP, who came from Pennsylvania on foot to seek more suitable and productive lands. Stephen JESSUP was grandfather to the noted poets, the CARY sisters.

Reuben S. COMPTON was born in Colerain township, Hamilton county, in the year 1804. His business was farming. His wife, Bathsheba LABOYTEAUX, was born in 1806. The members of his family still living are Andrew Jackson, Alexander, Chrystalina, Emeline, Eliza, Cornelia and Oliver. The last named was born at the old homestead in Colerain township in 1826. He remained with his parents until he attained his majority. He married, on the thirteenth of April, 1854, Miss Elizabeth VOORHEES, of Warren county. They have three children -- Flora Ellen, Laura Francis, and Alfred R. Both Mr. and Mrs. COMPTON belong to the Christian Church, to which they give their constant support. His father is buried in a private burial-place on the old COMPTON homestead.

Benjamin WALDEN was born in 1757, in the State of Virginia. As early as 1805 he came to Springfield township from Kentucky, and died in 1842. His business was farming. Hannah, his wife, was born in 1757, and died in 1840. The only survivor of his family is William, the youngest son. He was born in 1808, on the farm where he now lives. In the year 1842 he was married to Miss Charlotte JOSELYN, who bore him ten children -- George W., William, Benjamin, Marcus, Edward J., Josephine, Nancy O., Charlotte, Emma, and Sarah. Mr. WALDEN is one of the best men of the township and county. With his wife, he has long been connected with the Presbyterian church. He has gradually acquired a competency, and is now is the enjoyment of cheerful surroundings and a comfortable home.

Jacob HOFFNER was born in the year 1765, in Burke county, Pennsylvania, and from this State he emigrated to Ohio and settled in Springfield township in 1805. His death occurred at Mount Pleasant in 1845. While in Pennsylvania he followed the business of wagonmaker, but was a farmer in Ohio. Mrs. Magdalen HOFFNER, wife of Jacob HOFFNER, was born in 1768, and died in 1840. The members of the family now alive are Eliza JOHNSTON, a resident of Cumminsville; Samuel, who lives at Indianapolis; and Thomas, the third son, and subject of following sketch.

Thomas HOFFNER was born in Franklin county, Pennsylvania, in the year 1796. He came with his parents to Hamilton county in 1805, he and his brother Jacob walking the entire distance, and crossing the river at Wheeling, Virginia. Although but a youth of sixteen, he enlisted in the War of 1812. After an absence of six months, he returned to the parental roof unhurt, and crowned with all the honors to which our brave sons were justly entitled. After the close of the war he returned and aided his father in the cultivation of the pioneer home. In 1815 he was married to Miss Sarah BOLSER. To Mr. and Mrs. HOFFNER were born eight children -- one son and seven daughters: John C., Catharine, Rebecca, Eliza, Elizabeth, Amanda, Sarah, and Mary. Eliza, Amanda, and Mary are dead. In the year 1824 the wife also died. He was married again in the year 1836, to Miss Abigail SMITH. They are both active members of the church of United Brethren and have always been among its most staunch supporters. In the year 1827, he aided his father in carrying on the farm, and in 1839 returned to Massachusetts, and brought back with him Miss Sarah ADAMS, whom he soon after married, and who is now his companion. His first purchase was made in the woods, with no improvements whatever to give evidence of his ever having had a predecessor. Here he began life in reality. As time wore on, six children were born to this pioneer couple -- four sons and two daughters: Thomas, Charley, Cynthia, Joseph, Isaac, and Ella. Thomas and Charles are now deceased. The sympathies of Mr. and Mrs. WESTON

John C. HOFFNER, youngest child of Thomas and Sarah HOFFNER, was born in the year 1833, in the old HOFFNER homestead. At the age of nineteen he went as a clerk to Cincinnati with the firm of Canfield & Moffett, grocers. In the year 1860 he returned to the farm where he has ever since resided. He married in the year 1855, Miss Zorada HARRISON, whose father was an early settler of Cincinnati and a noted river pilot. To Mr. and Mrs. HOFFNER were born twelve children, six of whom are now living: Valleria W., Mary E., Ada Estella, Rebecca, John H., and William Allen. Mr. HOFFNER comes from a family whose record is spotless. He has reached the zenith in Odd Fellowship, having been a member for thirteen years.

Henry ROGERS, sr., settled in Mill creek township in the year 1806. He was born in Monmouth county, New Jersey, in 1752, from which State he moved to Pennsylvania, and thence to Ohio. He died in Cincinnati in 1839 or 1840. During the Revolutionary war he was a soldier in the American army. By occupation he was a weaver. His wife, Phoebe BENNET, was born in 1766, and died some time during the War of 1812. Their descendants were Elizabeth, Sarah, Hannah, Phoebe, Jemima, Amos, Samuel, Nancy, Henry, and Maria -- all dead except Henry, Amos and Samuel dying in infancy. Elizabeth married Thomas McFEELY, of Virginia; Sarah, Michael BURGE; Hannah, Zebulon STRONG, of Vermont; Phoebe, Jonathan HOLDEN, of Vermont; Jemima, Richard McFEELY; Nancy, Cyrus BROWN, of Ohio; Maria, Levi PINNEY, of Ohio; Henry, Miss Rachel Maria HILL, daughter of Jedediah HILL, of New Jersey. Henry, the only survivor of this large family, was born in Fayette county, Pennsylvania, in 1806, and came with his parents to Hamilton county, Ohio, the fall of the same year. When seventeen years of age, he left his home and went out, a poor boy, to fight the battle of life alone. His life has been occupied in various pursuits. He first learned the trade of cabinet making, for which he soon acquired a distaste and gave it up. For a time after this he worked out by the month whenever work could be obtained. In the year 1828 he engaged with Jedediah HILL, who afterwards became his father-in-law, in operating his flouring mill and cultivating his farm. He married in the year 1832, September 22. To Mr. and Mrs. ROGERS was born one son, Wilson T. He married, March 15, 1866, Mary Jane CHADWICK, who has become the mother of two sons. Our subject now owns and occupies the old HILL homestead. Mr. ROGERS is not associated with any church organization, but his wife is a devout Christian, a member of the Baptist church, and has always been one of its best supporters.

John M. WOZENCRAFT came to Cincinnati in 1806. He was born in Wales, but emigrated to the State of Ohio from Baltimore, Maryland. In his sixty-fourth year, while in South Carolina and on his way to England, he died. His wife, Hannah, lived to be nearly ninety-two years of age, Her death occurred in San Vermideno, California. Of this family there now remain Dr. O. M. Wozencraft, of San Francisco, California. Of this family there now remain Dr. O. M. WOZENCRAFT, of San Francisco, California -- a man of great professional prominence; and Captain J. J. WOZENCRAFT, who was born in Cincinnati August 6, 1807. Prior to his marriage he was with his father in business. At the age of seventeen he learned the tinner's trade with Mr. Norman BIRD, and remained ten years. After completing his trade, his faithful and prompt attention to his employer's wishes was so appreciated that he was given the position of superintendent. In 1828 he married Miss Olivia KING, daughter of Alexander KING, the first deputy sheriff of Hamilton county. Four sons and three daughters were given them: John M., Anna E., William A., ex-mayor of Paris, Illinois; Oliver, who was killed by the explosion of an engine; Edwin D., who was band master for three years during the late war; Martha M., and Mary Ellen, now wife of John FISHER, an extensive manufacturer of carriages in Cincinnati. The life of our subject has been one of position and prosperity. For eleven successive years he was elected commander of the Fire Company No. 5, of Cincinnati. He was the first grand worthy chief Templar west of the Alleghanies, besides holding other honorable places. He has ever been an active leader in advancing and improving society, and a firm advocate of law and order. His estimable wife has always been a devout Christian. They have acquired a good property that now enables them to live at ease. Their home is at Mount Pleasant.

Mr. Jacob SKILLMAN, with his family, made his first settlement in Springfield township, in 1806. He was born on Long Island, but emigrated from Pennsylvania to Ohio. In the Revolutionary war he was a recruiting officer. After coming to Ohio he cleared the farm now owned by his grandson, Henry. His children were six in number: Isaac, Benjamin, Jacob, Thomas, and Abraham, all now deceased. Henry, second son of Abraham and Abigail SKILLMAN, was born in the SKILLMAN homestead in the year 1824. He was married in 1857, to Miss Augusta FOSTER, daughter of one of Hamilton county's earliest families, which came to Ohio prior to 1800. Four sons and one daughter were afterward born: Albert, George, Harry, Frank, and Emma. George and Harry have died. Both parents belong to the Presbyterian church, and have always been among the leading most reliable members.

Abiezer MILES settled in Springfield township in 1807, He emigrated from the State of Pennsylvania, where he was born in the year 1768. He was at different times farmer and shoemaker. During the War of 1812, he helped carry the dead from the battlefield. His wife Judith MILES, was born in 1775, and lived until 1839. His death took place at the old home in the year 1832. The children are Hannah ROBINSON, living at Batavia Clermont county, and John J.  The latter was born in Pennsylvania in 1801, and came with his parents to Springfield township. The farm now owned and occupied by him was the first permanent place of settlemen made by the father. As he was prospered he gradually improved the pioneer home, till it became one of the pleasantest places in the township. John J. resided with his parents till their decease, when he became owner of

William McLEAN came from Pennsylvania to Ohio, and settled in Springfield in the year 1807. The surviving members of the family are John, Betsey, Sallie, and Samuel. Samuel, the oldest son of William and Isabella McLEAN, was born in the State of Pennsylvania in the year 1799, and came with his parents to Hamilton county in the year 1807. The family for a while was obliged to occupy the old block-house at Columbia, so hostile were the red men just at that time. The family located in Springfield township, where the father died shortly after, leaving Samuel to superintend the farm. At the age of thirty he married Miss Elizabeth WHITLOCK, by whom he had seven sons: Jerome B., Jasper, Sylvester, Loami, Arthur, now deceased, John and Stephen. Arthur was a prominent attorney of Cincinnati, and afterwards a lieutenant in the War of 1861. Here his health became impaired, and he returned to his home and soon after died. Our subject was one who led an active business life, a man of whom his neighbors could boast. He took a very active part in the militia musters, of which our older citizens have vivid recollections. He occupied the position of colonel and general, and became everywhere known as Colonel Samuel McLEAN. After living a life of usefulness, he departed in the year 1872. He is buried beside his parents in the burial place at Springdale.

Samuel JOHNSON, sr., first settled, in the year 1807, in Springfield township. He was born in 1788, in New Jersey, and from that State he emigrated to Ohio. His death occurred in 1878, at his home in Mount Pleasant. He pursued the business of farming, and his first purchase was the farm now owned by the RIDDLE heirs. His wife, whose name was Phoebe JESSUP, was born in 1793, and died in 1865. She came to Ohio with her parents in the year 1797. The names of surviving members of the family and their places of residence are John, Lydia, Abigail, Jane, Dale, and Samuel. John and his sister Jane reside in Texas. Samuel and two sisters, Lydia and Abigail, reside on the old homestead in Mount Pleasant, which is also owned by them.

Major William COX came from New Jersey to Hamilton county, Colerain township, in 1809. He was a stone mason, and was out in the War of 1812, where he acquired his military title. He had but two children, Tunis and Martha. The former settled in Springfield, near New Burlington, where he kept the old Eleven-mile House, or Farmer's Rest, on the Hamilton pike, which was known as one of the best hotels of the county outside the city. He had twelve children, evenly divided as to sex, among whom was George Washington COX, now of Loveland, next to the youngest of the family. He was born December 27, 1837, at New Burlington, and was brought up at the hotel and on the farm connected with it. In 1874 he removed to Lockland, where he is now engaged in keeping a livery stable. He was married December 10, 1858, to Rebecca AYRES, of Springfield township, and again, after her death in 1864, to Mrs. Hartin (HOLE) SMITH, widow of Oscar SMITH, January 22, 1868. He has three children, one, Lenroy, now twenty years old, by his first wife, and the others, twins, by the second wife, Elva, a son, and Idella, a daughter, eleven years old.

Elisha C. WALDEN was born in the year 1800, in the State of Kentucky. He came to Hamilton county when quite a small boy. He was twice married, first to Miss Nancy OGLE, who died about the year 1840. He was married again in the year 1843, to Miss Julia L. KITCHEL, daughter of an old family, her parents being Samuel and Margaret KITCHEL. The life of Mr. WALDEN was devoted to various pursuits. At first he was a merchant in Darrtown, and in later years he occupied and superintended the farm in Springfield township, where his widow now resides. He is spoken of by neighbors and friends as a most excellent citizen, a gentleman respected and esteemed wherever known. Years before his death he associated himself with the Presbyterian church, of which his wife has long been a member. He departed this life in the fall of 1876, after several years of severe affliction.

Philander ALLEN settled in Cincinnati in 1811. He was born in Cornwall, Connecticut, in 1779. His wife's name was Hannah FOSTER. She was born in 1782. The four surviving children are Samuel S., Harriet TOWNLEY, Sarah HILTS, and Edward P.   Samuel S., fourth son of Philander and Hannah ALLEN, was born in Hamilton county in the year 1820. He made his home with his parents until the time of their death. He was married in 1849 to Miss Emeline RIDDLE, daughter of one of the pioneers. There were born to them seven children -- four sons and three daughters. Their names are Mary, Jacob, Charles, Henry, George, Anna, and Carrie -- all living but Jacob, who died at the age of two years. Our subject resides on and is the owner of the old homestead. He and his wife are members of the Presbyterian church in Springdale.

Daniel BROWN settled on section fifteen of Springfield township in 1812. He was born in the year 1779, at Hagerstown, Maryland, but emigrated into Ohio from Pennsylvania. While in the latter State he worked as a mechanic, but his life in Ohio was that of a farmer. His wife was Elizabeth BAHN. He died at his home in 1853, and his wife lived but nine years longer. The surviving children are: William, now living in Illinois; Isaac, in Indiana; Mrs. McGILLIARD and Mrs. YERKES, both living in Springfield township; and John, who remains on the old BROWN homestead. He was born in the year 1812, and came with his parents to Ohio in the same year. He was married in 1839 to Miss Harriet McCOY. They have nine children, six sons and three daughters. Mr. BROWN is one of the substantial and enterprising farmers of

Joel Brown, the eldest son of Aaron and Cynthia Brown, was born in the State of Connecticut, in 1808. He came with his parents to Ashtabula county in 1814. Here the family settled immediately, in the woods, with no improvements whatever to give evidence of their having a predecessor. Our subject resided with his father. In clearing up the pioneer home much devolved upon him, he being the eldest. At the age of seventeen he began the trade of carpenter and joiner, which occupation he has industriously and successfully pursued for more than twenty years. In the year 1829 he married Miss Anna Wright, of Ashtabula county, whose parents were quite prominent in the early settlement of that county. To Mr. and Mrs. Brown were born eight children -- five sons and three daughters -- Alphonso, Alonzo, Lorenzo, Alvin, Lovisa, Emma, Alexis, and Emma.  Alphonso, Alonzo, Lorenzo, Alvin, Lovisa, and Emma have died. Mr. Brown is one of the substantial and thrifty farmers of the township. While he is not associated with any church organization he ever favors what is good and true. He and his estimable wife live at ease in a pleasant home in Springfield township.

Jacob FIELD was born in New Jersey in 1768. In 1812 he settled in this township. He died in 1841, at the home where he had always lived since coming to Ohio. He taught school in his early years, but later devoted himself to farming. Hester ROSS, his wife, was born in 1770, and died in 1856. The only surviving member of the family to-day is John R. FIELD, who owns and resides on the old FIELD homestead. He was born in the State of New Jersey in 1810, and came with his parents to Ohio two years later. In 1834 he was married to Miss Harriet PERRINE, and to them have been born nine children -- Jacob, Martha, Jane, Hester A., Elizabeth, Charles, Sarah B., Catharine R., and Lydia R. Charles, Sarah, and Elizabeth are still living. Mrs. FIELD is a member of the Presbyterian church, but her husband has never become identified with any religious organization.

John T. SNODGRASS was born in Hamilton county October 7, 1812. He remained at his early home till his marriage with Miss Catharine HOFFNER, in the spring of 1836. Eleven children were born to them -- William, Thomas, John, Jethro, Oliver, Felty A., Mary F., Angeline, Harriet, James B., and Albert. All are dead but Angeline, who married George LABOYTEAUX, one of the prominent merchants of Mount Pleasant. Mr. SNODGRASS served as trustee of the township a number of years. He died in the year 1868, while in Minnesota recruiting his health. He, as well as his wife, was a member of the Christian church. Mrs. SNODGRASS, with her son-in-law and daughter, reside in a comfortable home in Mount Pleasant.

John WOLVERTONo first settled in Springfield township, in 1814. In 1783 he was born in New Jersey, from which State he moved to Ohio. His death occurred in Iowa, in the year 1850. Early in his life he carried on the business of weaving, but later became a farmer. Mary HOGLAND, his wife, was born in 1789, and died in 1835. The children are John, Alfred, William, Milton, Harriet, Neely, Ann LABOYTEAUX, and Amos, who resides in the township, and is the subject of the following sketch. Amos WOLVERTON was born in New Jersey, in 1811, and came with his parents to Ohio in 1814. In 1833 he married Miss Rebecca CARL, daughter of a pioneer. The fruit of this union was nine children -- three sons and six daughters: David, William, Thomas, Eliza Ann, Eveline, Mary, Harriet, Matilda and one that died in infancy. Mr. WOLVERTON is one of the few remaining pioneers of Hamilton county, a good and esteemed citizen. While he is not associated with any church organization, he is a moral man, and lives what he believes. This worthy couple have now reached their three-score and ten years, and are remarkably well preserved for their years.

William RIDDLE, grandson of the famous pioneer, Colonel John RIDDLE, eldest son of John and Catharine RIDDLE, was born March 15, 1815, and made his home with his parents until his marriage, in 1854, to Miss Lemira S. BURDSALL, daughter of one of the pioneer families. They have had four children Lydia A., Edgar B., Alice D., and one that died without name in infancy. He has acquired a comfortable fortune, and his surroundings show more than ordinary thrift and taste. Both are earnest members of the Church of Christ, and staunch supporters of its institutions.

Joseph CARMAN settled in Springfield township, in 1815. He came from New Jersey to Ohio, and remained in the same township, where he made his earliest improvements, till 1831, when his death occurred. The farm first owned by him is now the property of John M. COCHRAN. The wife, Mary CARMAN, has long been among the dead. The daughter, Susan BROADWELL, living at Smith's Landing, on the Ohio river, is now over eighty-four years of age. Andrew, the only male representative, was born in the year 1804, in the State of New Jersey, and came with his parents to Hamilton county in 1815, and made his home with them until the time of his marriage. He was thrice married --  first, in 1830, to Miss Frances WATSON, who died twelve years later. They had two children -- one infant not named, and Benjamin, who lived to the age of thirty-four years, and died leaving a wife and two children. Mr. CARMAN married again in the year 1850, Miss Rebecca CAMPBELL, who died within a year after marriage. When Mr. CARMAN again married, he was united to Miss Charity SHARP. He is now in his seventy-seventh year, and childless, but two little grandchildren remain to him. Mr. CARMAN lived in log cabin days, and underwent the many disadvantages and hardships with the pioneer fathers.
CARMAN
Isaac LANE, the eldest son of John and Rosanna LANE, was born in Springfield township, in the year 1816, at the old LANE homstead. In his youthful days he worked at blacksmithing, and assisted his father in carrying on the farm. Much devolved upon him, he being the eldest

John HALL was born in the State of Pennsylvania in the year 1794 and came with his parents to Springfield township in the year 1817, and resided with them until the time of his marriage to Miss Sarah HALL, in the year 1827. To them were born two sons -- Joseph and John. He lost his companion in the winter of 1827. He was married again in the year 1844 to Miss Catharine CHRISMAN. This second union gave him six children -- three sons and three daughters -- Charles, Leander, Lovina, Amanda, Henry, and Emeline. Those deceased are Charles and Leander, both dying in early childhood. He and his wife were both members of the Presbyterian church, and were ever consistent to the faith they professed. The father died in 1873. He was a citizen respected and esteemed wherever known, and his loss was keenly felt among family and other friends. He now lies buried in the Springdale cemetery.

Elijah HILLS came to Cincinnati in 1818. He was born in New Haven, Connecticut, and emigrated from that State to Ohio. While living in the former State he followed the tailor's trade. After coming to Ohio he was a farmer. His death occurred in 1848. His wife, Rebecca HILLS, died the year previous. The surviving members of his family are Townsend, Rebecca MALNE, Martha SPRONG, Susan, and Alfred, the eldest son, who was born in 1805, in the State of Connecticut. He came to Ohio with his parents, and at the age of thirty he married Ellen McCASH, the daughter of an early settler. Three sons were born to them -- Townsend, Alfred, and Charles, who died in infancy. Mr. HILLS has gained sufficient property to make his old age comfortable, and he and his aged wife can now fully enjoy their pleasant home, and cheerful surroundings.

Joshua YERKES was born in Virginia and came from that State to Ohio, where he settled in Springfield township in the year 1819. All through his life he followed the business of farming, and was a soldier in the War of 1812. He died in Indiana in his hundredth year. His wife, Margaret YERKES, died in her eighty-seventh year. The surviving members of the family are John H., Rachel REED, Mary GRIFFITH, Margaret JOLLY, and Joshua; the second son and subject of this sketch. He was born in Virginia, in the year 1812, and came with his parents to Hamilton county when but a lad of seven summers. He left the parental roof at the age of fourteen; was twice married, first to Miss Eliza McGILLARD, daughter of an early pioneer. To Mr. and Mrs. YERKES was born an only son, Howard, who resides in Iowa and has a wife and two children. Mr. YERKES lost his companion after four years of married life. Mr. YERKES married for his second wife Miss Elizabeth BROWN, who was also of quite an early and prominent family, of whom an extended account will be found elsewhere. To this second marriage were born six children -- four sons and two daughters -- Susan, Alfred, Elizabeth, Hiram, Martin, and Edward -- all living.

Benjamin STERRITT was born in the State of Pennsylvania, Franklin county, in 1801, and came to Cincinnati in the year 1820. His business career has been entirely devoted to the mercantile trade in Cincinnati. He has been twice married; first to Jane B. KEYS. His second wife was Abigail C. McCOY. Both are dead, and our subject is now living a retired life in a pleasant home in Glendale.

Elias COMPTON was born in New Jersey, and emigrated to Ohio in the year 1820. His settlement was made in Springfield township. He followed shoemaking, and afterward farming. His wife, Bacheba HILL, died in 1832; the husband lived till 1866. The children are Joseph, Azariah, Wilson, Mary Ann, Phoebe, and Charles. The last-named was born in 1827, and remained at home until his marriage in 1863, to Miss Margaret BOGGS. They had one child only -- Ella M. In 1871 his wife died, and he again married in 1873. The second wife was Martha N. HURST, who has become the mother of a son, Clarence M. The family are now living on the old homestead of the COMPTONS. They are all connected with the Presbyterian church. His father and mother are buried in the Springfield cemetery.

Archibald BROWN was born in Argyleshire, Scotland, January 22, 1776. In the year 1825 he emigrated to America, and settled in Cincinnati, but subsequently moved into Mill Creek township, where he died May 22, 1858. His aged wife, Ellen BROWN, survived him less than a year, dying. January 6, 1859. She was born on the twentieth of May, 1779. His business was that of farming. The children were William, Archibald, Isabelle ADAMS, and Matthew, the youngest son and subject of the following sketch. Matthew BROWN was born in Scotland in the year 1821, and four years later came with the family to Hamilton county. He remained with his parents till the time of his marriage to Miss Martha BROWN in the year 1847. Nine children have been born to them, eight of whom are now living. Mr. BROWN is one of the substantial and enterprising farmers of his region, and a citizen respected and esteemed. He and his wife are both earnest members of the Presbyterian church, and are staunch supporters of the faith they profess. By dint of hard labor and careful management, he has acquired a comfortable property. He is now surrounded by almost every comfort that a gracious heaven can confer, and as he and his estimable lady pass along life's journey, they can look back without regret upon a well-spent life. Grandfather and grandmother BROWN lie buried side by side in Spring Grove cemetery.

Thomas WESTON settled in Springfield township in in 1827. He was born in 1769, in Townsend, Massachusetts, and died in 1836, at his home in this township.

John ADAMS, the eldest son of John and Asenath ADAMS, was born in the State of Massachusetts in the year 1805. He assisted his father in cultivating the farm and in the manufacture of barrels, up to the year 1827, when he married and immediately after came to Hamilton county. To Mr. and Mrs. ADAMS were born two daughters -- Mary Ann and Harriet D. His pursuit since coming to Ohio has been that of a cooper and farmer. In the year 1855 he lost his companion. He was married again, in the year 1856, to Miss Maria WESTON. Mr. and Mrs. ADAMS are active members of the Universalist church, and have ever been staunch supporters of the faith they profess. He has retired from business, and he and his family live at ease in a comfortable little home in Mount Pleasant.

Joseph B. HALL, the eldest son of John and Sarah HALL, was born in this township February 16, 1828. He resided with his parents until the time of his marriage to Miss Catharine AYERS, daughter of a prominent early family. Mr. and Mrs. HALL had eight children: Caroline, Mary E., Mary Elizabeth, William B., James A., George W., Thomas J., Flora May, and Mary Ellen (deceased). Hard labor and excellent management have accumulated quite a handsome property. Himself and wife are both members of the Presbyterian church at Springdale, and have ever been strong believers, and supporters also, of the faith they professed.

John HALL, the second son of John and Christiana HALL, was born in Springfield township, Hamilton county, in 1829. His occupation has always been that of a farmer. In the year 1877 he was married to Miss Clara RIDDLE, daughter of a quite early and prominent pioneer family. To Mr. and Mrs. HALL was born an only son, John Henderson. Mr. HALL is enterprising and prosperous. His wife is an active member of the Presbyterian church, and is one of its earnest supporters; he is not connected with any church organization, but always favors the right, and firmly advocates law and order.

William HERBERT may not be classed among Hamilton county's pioneers, yet he deserves a place in its history. He was born in Northamptonshire, England, in the year 1806. At the age of fourteen he began an apprenticeship at the tailors trade. His time expiring when he had attained his majority, in the year 1829 he married Mary PAGE, whose maiden name was MATTHEWS. They had three children, one son and two daughters: Elizabeth, Mary Ann, and William, of whom only Elizabeth remains. He is one of the first farmers of the township. He followed the occupation of tailor for a period of seven years in Cincinnati. He has quite a comfortable home in Springfield township, where he resides, leading a quiet life. He lost his companion in the year 1872. Both he and his wife were earnest Christians, their sympathies being with the Presbyterian people.

Augustus ISHAM was born in the year 1801, in the town of Colchester, Connecticut, and comes of quite a prominent family. His life has been taken up in various pursuits, but principally that of the mercantile business. He married, in the year 1822, Miss Eliza BRYCE. To Mr. and Mrs. ISHAM were born six children, five of whom are living, one son and four daughters. He lost his companion in the year 1859. He now resides in Glendale, has laid aside business, and lives a quiet and retired life.

Mr. Alexander BROWN may not be identified with the earliest pioneers of Hamilton county, yet he is nevertheless a character whose name deserves a place on the pages of history. He was born in Scotland on June 3, 1809. He married, in the year 1834, Miss Margaret BROWN. They have had six children, one son and five daughters -- Elizabeth R., Margaret, Elizabeth Jane, Jeannette, and William. Elizabeth R., Margaret, and Jane, are dead. Mr. BROWN is one of the most enterprising farmers of his township, his home and surroundings denoting more than ordinary thrift. He and his family are earnest members of the Presbyterian church. Our subject is a member of the county board of control, and has occupied nearly every position of honor that the citizens of his township could give, thus be-speaking for him the full confidence of his people. Mr. BROWN is surrounded by almost every comfort necessary to his wants.

Mr. James LOVETT may not be classed among the earliest pioneers, yet he is a character whose name richly deserves a place in history. He was born in England January 13, 1813. He, with his parents, carne to America and first made settlement in the State of New Jersey. Here the family remained for about five years, when, hearing of Ohio's fine climate and fertile soil, they started for the land of promise. His father's first purchase was the farm now owned and occupied by him. Here the parents resided until the time of their decease, both living beyond four-score years. Mr. LOVETT married, in the fall of 1851, Miss Sophia McLEAN, daughter of an early settler. Two children were born to them -- Amanda, who died April 6, 1878, and Robert. Our subject lost his companion in 1875. He is now an old gentleman, living a quiet and retired life on the old LOVETT homestead. His only son, Robert, resides with him, looking after his interests and superintending the farm. Robert married Miss Julia RIDDLE, of whose family will be found an account on another page. To him has been born one child, James R., a bright lad of two summers. Grandfather and grandmother LOVETT are both dead, and lie buried side by side in the Hamilton cemetery.

Andrew L. SORTER, second son of Hezekiah and Sarah SORTER, was born in Springfield township in the year 1830.
He was married in 1852 to Miss Harriet HUFFMAN. To them were born six children -- Sarah Ann, William P., Laura, Mary, Ida, and Douglas. Sarah Ann is dead. Mr. SORTER is one of the substantial farmers of his township, and a gentleman respected and esteemed by all.

David H. GILLESPIE was second son of John W. and Catharine (REESE) GILLESPIE. The father is still living near Cumminsvilie in his seventy-ninth year, and still hale and hearty. He was a son of Robert GILLESPIE, who settled very early in Butler county. John came to Springfield in 1847, and settled upon a farm near Lockland. He had ten children among whom was David, who was born at Seven-mile village, north of Hamilton, July 30, 1831. He came with his family to Lochland, in and about which he has since resided with brief intervals. He now resides in the village, and has a saloon near the Hamilton & Dayton depot. He was married to Miss Mary E. TURNER in December, 1853, and has four children -- Sarah, Abbeville, married to John GRISMERE of Lockland; Charles, William, and Alverda, all at home with their parents.

Henry MOSER, one of the prominent merchants of Mount Pleasant, was born in Switzerland in 1837. He came to America in 1849, and began in the mercantile business in Mount Pleasant in the year 1867. He erected a large and commodious brick building, in which his business is now conducted, He married, in 1861, Miss Sarah E. ROGERS, who has five children, two sons and three daughters. Both are faithful members of the Christian church, and excellent supporters of the faith they profess. Mr. MOSER was a soldier in the late civil war.

Mr. J. H. STORY was a native of New Hampshire, from which place he came to Ohio, with his parents, and afterward became a resident of Cincinnati. He was born in the year 1810, was the eldest son of John STORY and Sally HOYT, who settled on their coming in Athens, now Meigs, county. In 1832 he began the lumber trade, which he industriously pursued for forty years. In 1836 he married Miss Hannah SMART, and to them were born five sons: James, Joseph, John; Charles, and William. In the year 1872 he moved to Springfield township and purchased a tract of land containing two hundred acres, known as the old "Joe COOPER farm." His surroundings denote more than ordinary thrift. He has had a life full of activity and prosperity. He has never joined any church but his wife is a member of the Baptist church. His father died at the age of seventy-seven. His mother also lived to an advanced age, and the aged couple lie buried near the old home in Meigs county.
 

GLENDALE.

This beautiful suburban village is situated on parts of sections five, six, eleven and twelve, in the northeast part of the township, close to the east line and a little over a mile and a half from the county line. The Hamilton, Springfield and Carthage turnpike skirts its western border; the Princetown and Sharon turnpikes, as also the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton railroad intersect it, and the Miami canal passes a mile to the eastward.

The site of Glendale was originally a series of fine cultivated farms, belonging to Edmund R. GLENN, John M. COCHRAN, John RIDDLE, Robert WATSON and others. In 1851 a number of wealthy Cincinnatians, desiring to build suburban homes, made an inspection of the country between Hamilton and the city, and lighted upon this spot as the most promising and eligible for their purposes. Among them were the Hons. S. S. L'HOMMEDIEU and John C. WRIGHT, Messrs. Jacob STADER, R. B. BOWLER and others, constituting a joint stock company of thirty, called the Glendale association. They purchased five hundred and sixty-five acres from the several owners, had two hundred acres at first surveyed m lots of one acre to twenty acres each, selected their own building sites, and then offered the remainder at public sale upon condition that purchasers should become actual residents of the place, at least for the summer, and that none but good dwellings should be erected. It was understood, on the part of the company, that all receipts above original cost of land and expenses should be devoted to public improvement -- as parks, an artificial lake and the like. The lake was made with comparative ease, by constructing a dam three hundred feet long just below some springs, whereby a beautiful sheet of water covering four acres and having a depth in places of seventeen feet, was created. An hotel was presently erected for summer boarders, but its early patronage did not equal expectations, and it was sold to the Junction railroad company by whom it was conveyed to the Rev. John COVERT, who founded therein the American Female college. Three pretty little parks were laid off and improved in different parts of the village. A neat public school building, a one-story brick with four rooms, was put up in due time. The avenues were staked off in beautiful and symmetrical curves, and are generally sixty feet in width. Sharon avenue, upon which the road to Sharon, in Sycamore township, passes straight through

Whichever way the stranger takes, he is constantly impressed with the thought that he has made a mistake; and whatever point he attains is certain to be one unlooked for. This is the more embarrassing to the visitor, who asks in vain for the names of avenues that appear neither upon guideboards, or at Avondale. nor in the minds of the inhabitants, who feel no necessity of troubling themselves cencerning the mazes of thoroughfares with which time has made them thoroughly familiar. A better acquaintance, however, removes the annoyance, and a score of visits demonstrate quite clearly how study unravels the most intricate ways.

Several additions have been made to the village plat since it was first laid out, and the Glendale Building and Loan association was incorporated October 5, 1871.

Glendale had six hundred and ninety inhabitants in 1860; one thousand seven hundred and eighty in 1870; and one thousand four hundred and three in 1880. The village was incorporated in 1855, and has had among its mayors the Hon. Stanley MATTHEWS, 1867-8; R. M. SHOEMAKER, 1869; Samuel T. CRAWFORD, 1870-73; Captain T. J. HALDEMAN, 1874.

The place was visited with an extensive fire on the afternoon of Friday, May 14, 1880, during the prevalence of a brisk breeze, which spread the flames rapidly. No fire-engine was at hand, but assistance sent from Hamilton and Cincinnati finally quelled the conflagration. The loss was about thirty thousand dollars. A further loss of twenty-five thousand dollars was experienced by a fire August 17, 1880.

The village was laid out in 1852. Among the first to settle there this year and the next, were Messrs. Robert and Henry CLARKE, Mr. GLENN, Benjamin STENELL, Fenton LAWSON, and Robert CRAWFORD. Not long after them came Hon. Stanley MATTHEWS, Anthony HARKNESS, esq., ELLIOTT, and others; and in later years it has been the home of the Hon. Warner M. BATEMAN, Judge J. CILLEY, Florien GRAUQUE, and many other well-known Cincinnatians.

The chief public institution of Glendale, is the Female college. This, as before stated, occupies the original hotel building in the place. The following paragraphs of its history are extracted from an address by its president, the Rev. Dr. POTTER, at the quarter century reunion, June 12, 1879.

This institution was founded by Rev. John COVERT, A. M., in September, 1854, and named by him "The American Female College." Mr. COVERT and his accomplished lady, Mrs. COVERT, who received her education at two of the institutions of eastern New York, had been connected with an institution in that State, subsequently founded a seminary in Ohio, near Columbus, and still later founded and conducted the Ohio Female college, at College Hill. In April, 1856, he transferred this institution to Rev, J. G. MONFORT, D. D., Rev. S. S. POTTER, and Rev. L. D. POTTER, who assumed the possession and management on the fifteenth of May, five weeks before the close of the second collegiate year. We changed the name next year to "Glendale Female College." All of the party just named and their wives had had considerable experience as practical teachers. Your speaker, though the youngest of the three, had had, however, a long experience, having been connected, in some capacity, for ten years, with some interruptions, as scholar, teacher, or principal in boarding institutions, similar in character to this. Madame C. RIVE and her sister, now Mrs. KITCHELL, were already here, having come with Mr. COVERT from College Hill. Mrs. McFERSON, our lady principal for five years. and who is with us to-day, having given up her seminary in Bloomington, Indiana, joined us in September following. During the latter part of the summer vacation of 1856 a fire occurred, cause unknown, which destroyed the chapel, a music building with its contents, and other structures of lesser importance. The work of reconstructing the chapel, and of the addition of a better music building attached to the main building, was immediately commenced. The session was opened, however, at the time appointed, and continued until the new buildings were finished, though with many inconveniences on account of room, as many of the old scholars present remember. Rev. S. S. POTTER left us in 1860, and Mrs. McFERSON in 1861. Rev. J. G. WILSON, now United States Consul at Jerusalem, became connected with us in 1861, but left in 1862. Dr. MONFORT left in 1865, after a successful administration as president for nine years, at the end of which time the college seemed to have become settled upon a secure and permanent basis. The steam-heating aparatus, quite a novelty at the time, was introduced in the summer of 1856, and various improvements to the grounds and buildings have since been added from year to year. The number of scholars has been tolerably uniform from the beginning, with three exceptions -- 1. During the first years, when our public school was small and ungraded, the number of day scholars was much larger than it has been since; 2. During the first two years of the war our numbers were greatly diminished; and, 3. From 1871 to 1875, after the late financial crisis commenced, we were crowded almost beyond what our accommodations would warrant.

When the college was opened there was no church building in the place, and the Presbyterian church was organized in this chapel in 1855. The citizens generally, without respect to denominational preferences, worshipped with us in this house for the first six years -- the worship being conducted by ministerial members of the faculty. The Presbyterian, Catholic, New Jerusalem, and Episcopal churches were subsequently erected in the order named.

So far as I am aware, we were the first institution, east or west, to adopt the regular classification and a fourfold division of studies, in the form and under the designation historically known as applied to colleges for males -- freshman, sophomore, junior, and senior. We have been followed by many others, so that now it has become common. Of the two hundred and one, exclusive of those who graduated yesterday, only eleven, in these twenty-five years, have been called into the eternal world. All of them, we have reason to believe, died in the triumph of faith, and several of them were uncommonly bright examples of Christian piety and character. Of those who remain, I have recorded seventy-four as having been especially commended to us for taking a leading part and prominent positions in the churches and the higher walks of society in the places where their lot has been cast; seventy-three have been teachers for a longer or shorter period; thirteen have distinguished themselves as authors and writers; seven have married professors in our higher institutions, and forty-six have married gentlemen in one of the learned professions. Several of these husbands (no doubt owing largely to the influence of their wives, as is usually the case) have risen to eminence in the army, in their professions, and in other positions; one a justice in the United States supreme court, one a United States minister to one of the foreign missions of the first class, others in the councils of the States or of the United States, and others in places of influence in the churches. Two are members of the present Congress of the United States. Two old scholars are foreign missionaries. Should this institution live for another quarter century, when more than half of the alumnae may have reached the prime of life, we may hope for a still brighter record, for we must remember. that comparatively few of our number have as yet passed beyond the period of early life.

The last catalogue of the institution at hand -- that for 1879-80 -- exhibits a total attendance of eighty-three: Resident graduates, two; seniors, seven; juniors, twenty-two; sophomores, eleven; freshmen, twenty-six; preparatory, six; in ornamental studies only, nine. Twenty-five were from Ohio, twenty-three from Indiana, three each from Pennsylvania and Kentucky, and one each from Tennessee, Illinois, Michigan, Iowa, Kansas, Indian Territory, New Mexico, and Russia. There were also twenty-one Ohio day scholars.

The Rev. Ludlow D. POTTER, D. D., president of this institution, is a native of New Providence, Union county, New Jersey, born in 1823, upon a farm which now constitutes the site of the village of Summit. He is

Another excellent institution of Glendale for years was the Circulating book club, whose object is sufficiently indicated in the title. The organization was changed in the winter of 1880-1 to the Library Association of Glendale, upon the plan of the Young Men's Mercantile Library Association in Cincinnati, but without a leading room for the present. The officers are as follows: President, Rev. W. H. BABBITT; vice-president, J. B. C. MORRES; secretary and treasurer, H. L. KEYS; and a board of six directors. The library is kept in a room of Bruce's new building.

The First Presbyterian church (Old School when formed) is the oldest religious society in Glendale. It was organized November 29, 1855, with the Rev. H. A. TRACY as pastor. An unique, Swiss-like church edifice was erected for it in 1860, which has, within a few years, been displaced by a new and finer building.

The Catho1ic church is strong in Glendale. Saint Gabriel's was organized in 1858, and at once erected a brick building upon a lot given the society by Messrs. GROSS and DIETRICK, which has since been steadily occupied. It cost about two thousand dollars. The church is under the pastoral care of the Rev. Father James O'DONNELL. It has a parochial school of four departments, and about two hundred and fifty pupils, kept in the rear of the church by the the Sisters of Charity. It is free to all children, and the citizens of Glendale in 1868 contributed one thousand and three hundred dollars to make valuable additions to its facilities. The Sodality of the Living Rosary is a society attached to this church.

Christ Episcopal church was organized August 6, 1865, under the auspices of the Rev. J. B. PRATT. Services were held in the school-house and in private houses until about 1867, when a chapel was erected by the society on Sharon avenue, and subsequently the fine building now occupied at the top of the hill just south of the avenue. Its cost was twenty thousand dollars, and it was first occupied May 30, 1869.

The church of the New Jerusalem society was erected in 1860, on Congress avenue.
 

LOCKLAND.

The village of Springfield township next in importance to Glendale is Lockland. It is a much older town, having been laid out May 27, 1829, by Messrs. Nicholas LONGWORTH and Lewis HOWELL. It took its name from the locks here, built in the Miami canal, which was then a quite new thing. Two houses were here at the time. It grew with reasonable rapidity, and has become a prosperous business place. It had one thousand two hundred and thirty-one population in 1860; one thousand two hundred and ninety-nine in 1870; and one thousand eight hundred and eighty-six in 1880. Part of this, however, resides in Sycamore township, into which the village extends. Two hundred and twenty acres of it are in Springfield township, sixty-five in Sycamore. It is situated on the township line just west of Reading and northeast of Carthage and Hartwell, about a mile and one third north of the Columbia and Mill Creek township line. It was incorporated December 20, 1865. Among its mayors were Andrew THOMAS, 1869; Charles S. DUNN, 1870-4. The Lockland Building and Savings association was formed here in June, 1871. A Methodist class was organized near the place so long ago as 1799, by the Rev. Francis McCORMICK, at the house of a Mr. RAMSEY. The churches now are: The Presbyterian, Rev. S. C. PALMER, pastor; Baptist, J. W. DAVIS, pastor; the Wayne Avenue Methodist Episcopal, Rev. Mr. VANCE; Mt. Zion Baptist (colored), Rev. S. P. YOUNG; African Methodist, Rev. M. M. SMITH; and the Christian, also a colored congregation. In the Wayne Avenue church is still used, with almost entire satisfaction, the venerable organ which was the first ever played in Cincinnati.

July 2, 1876, an historical discourse was preached by the Rev. W. A. HUTCHISON, then pastor of the Presbyterian church in Lockland, from which the following facts are obtained:

The Presbyterian church in Reading, organized August 29, 1823, divided January 2, 1839, into New and Old School branches. The Rev. Benjamin GRAVES, who had

I preached the first sermon ever preached in Lockland, in a log cabin standing near by what is now the first lock in the canal. In progress of time the Presbytery, at the request of the people, organized the Presbyterian church of Lockland. Prior to the organization there was no house of worship, and I preached, as did Paul "from house to house," and in Brother LONG's dooryard in the summer and in his workshop in the winter.

April 6, 1850, was the natal day of the Lockland New School Presbyterian church. It numbered twenty-one members. Mr. GRAVES preached to it until 1853, and then, in order, came the Rev. Messrs. I. DE LA MATER, Edward SCOFIELD, John HUSSEY, Silas HAWLEY, W. A. HUTCHINSON, and S.C. PALMER, the last of whom is present pastor. Under Mr. HAWLEY's ministrations, in February and March of 1866, a notable revival season occurred which brought thirty-eight into the church.

After the formation of the Lockland society, the New School branch in Reading languished, and in a few years ceased to exist, its members transferring their allegiance mainly to the Colony church. To this, many years after, October 14, 1870, in the year succeeding the formal reunion of the Old and New School assemblies of Pittsburgh, the Reading Old School wing also came over and joined the Lockland society, which now took the name of the Reading and Lockland Presbyterian church. The Reading pastor, Rev. James H. GILL, came with his congregation, and ministered to the United church for three months, when ill-health compelled him to retire; while the Lockland pastor at the time, the Rev. Mr. HAWLEY, was dismissed the same day, with sixty-one of the members, to form the Presbyterian church of Wyoming. Many interesting facts concerning the antecedent church in Reading will be found under the proper head in the history of Sycamore township, following this chapter.

From the organization of the church in Reading in 1834 to the centennial observance by the Reading and Lockland Church July 2, 1876, the number of members received on profession was seven hundred and twenty-four; on certificate, three hundred and sixty-eight; total, one thousand and ninety-two. During the five years of Mr. HUTCHINSON's pastorate preceding the latter date, the additions aggregated one hundred and twenty, or an average of twenty-four per year.

Reading is exceedingly fortunate in its industries, for which the four locks furnish an ample water-power, in an average fall of twelve feet each, yielding an equivalent of three hundred and fifty horse-power, or enough to move thirty-five run of stone. There are four paper-mills here, one of them alone employing about one hundred and fifty hands, with a pay roll of over forty thousand dollars a year and a product in printing paper and fine, plain and tinted book paper, in one recent year, of one million one hundred and twenty-five thousand pounds, worth one hundred and ten thousand dollars. There are also two woollen mills, a huge cotton mill recently erected, two starch factories, two flouring-mills, one box-factory and planing-mill, one baking-powder factory, and some wagon factories. Factory owners and operatives are thus a very large element in the population of Lockland.

A neat eight-page paper called the Suburban Resident is published here, for Lockland, Reading, Wyoming and Carthage, by Mr. George W. SMITH. It is an edition of the Cincinnati Transcript, printed at Cumminsville by A. E. Weatherby, and bore the same name from the time of its founding, September 13, 1879, by George K. BOOTH, the Lockland postmaster, to October 1, 1880, when Mr. SMITH took it and changed the name. It is a racy and interesting sheet, and serves a good purpose in the collection and dissemination of news in these suburban villages.
 

SPRINGDALE.

This, the northernmost village in the township, is also the oldest, having been platted August 23, 1806, by John BALDWIN. It was then and for many years known as Springfield, but for postal reasons was compelled to take its present name. It is at the northwest corner of section twelve, a little northwest of Glendale, on one of the Hamilton turnpikes, and a little over a mile west of the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton railroad. It was incorporated as a village March 16, 1839, and had three hundred and eighty-two inhabitants in 1870 and two hundred and eighty-four in 1880. The Ohio State Gazetteer of 1821 notices it as "a wealthy post-town of Hamilton county, fifteen miles north of Cincinnati, on the road to Hamilton, containing two hundred and twenty inhabitants." This is a fuller notice than any other village was able to command in the book. The Gazetteer of 1831 also mentioned it as a "wealthy" place, and credits it with a population of two hundred and eighty. The issue of 1841 gives it the same number, with fifty-five dwellings, four stores, two taverns, one school-house, one church, and "a large number" of mechanics' shops.

Some of the earliest tradesmen and mechanics of the village are thus recalled by Mr. Anthony HILTS, one of the very oldest survivors of the early day in Springdale: John BALDWOOD, proprietor of the town, blacksmith; John McGILLIARD, postmaster; Captain John BROWNSON, hotel-keeper; Garret LEFFERSON, and Isaac LARRNE, blacksmiths; Colonel William CHAMBERLAIN, dry goods merchant; John SWALLOW, dealer in dry goods and groceries; N. S. SCHOREY, tanner and currier; the father of Governor O. P. MORTON, of Indiana (who was brought up in Springdale), hotel-keeper; William CREAGER, cabinetmaker and undertaker; John ROGERS, manufacturer of Windsor chairs; Hatfield WILLIAMS, wheelwright; James COGG, hatter; Joseph HAGERMAN, physician. It is also remembered by old citizens that one BIRDER made hats in Springdale about sixty years -- of rabbit and other fur, great bell-crowned affairs, that would hold a peck apiece, the fur sticking out of them half an inch or more. It is thought that James COGY preceded CREAGER as cabinetmaker, and was the first in the village; and that CREAGER was followed by Garrett WILLIAMSON.

Mr. HILTS came to Springdale (then Springfield) in 1818, a boy of eleven years. But one other person of that day and neighborhood survives with him. He contributes the following recollections of the school of his first winter here:

"Schools were got up in those days by subscription, the employers paying usually three dollars per scholar a quarter. Three months in the winter season they had school, and none in the summer. The teacher boarded from house to house. At the close of the term he was entitled to the subscription, and made his own collection. The school house was a hewed-log house, in which was a school taught by Calkins CORKINS, an Eastern man."

Mr. HUFFMAN, a very aged resident of the village, remembers two of the pioneer schools at Springdale -- one kept by Caleb KEMPER in a meeting-house originally built by the "New Light" religionists, and afterwards used for a school-house; the other, taught by a lady named ANDREWS, in a frame building erected in the Presbyterian churchyard. In this school needlework was among the branches taught. Alpheus McINTYRE was another of the early local pedagogues; John WOOD was another. The present graded school building was put up in 1870.

The Presbyterian church at Springdale is the oldest religious society in the north of the county. Its history has been admirably detailed by Rev. William H. JAMES, pastor (still in charge), in an historical discourse preached upon its seventy-ninth anniversary, June 4, 1876. Since the publication of this address Mr. JAMES has obtained a more ancient document relating to its subject matter than any then accessible to him, which by his courtesy, we are enabled to present herewith:

We. whose names are hereunto affixed, do promise to pay or cause to be paid unto Mr. John SCHOOLEY, Mr. William PRESTON, or Luke FOSTER, the several sums annexed to our names in cash or labour, for the use of procuring a piece of land for a Graveyard and to defray the expense of a temporary Meeting house for the Presbyterian Society in this township of Springfield on demand -- this fourth day of April, 1796.
 

NAMES.	LABOUR. DAYS.	LABOUR WITH TEAM	CASH. £
John SCHOOLEY	2		1  10  0
Levi SAYER	2		0   15  0

Endorsed: "Subscription for the Grave yard and Meeting house."

This church, after its people had met for worship for some time at Foster's grove, two miles south of Springdale, under the ministrations of Rev. Messrs James KEMPER, Peter WILSON, and Archibald STEELE, was regularly constituted by the presbytery of Transylvania, probably in 1796. It first appears upon the presbyterial records October 2, 1798, when "a written supplication was presented from Springfield for supplies." Among the early preachers to the society, besides those before named, were John E. FINLEY, Mr. DUNLAVY, John THOMSON, who had gone into the "New Light" movement, but returned from it, Matthew G. WALLACE, Benjamin GRAVES, Sayrs GAZLAY, and William GRAHAM. The later settled pastors have been Adrian ATEN, 1833-41; J. M. STONE, 1841-9; George P. BERGEN, 1849-57; T. E. HUGHES, 1858-66; William H. JAMES, 1866 to this time. Mr. THOMSON, who served the church over twenty years, was the father of four distinguished sons, of whom the Syrian missionary and author of The Land and the Book, Rev. William M. THOMSON, D. D., is one. The first meeting-house -- "a large frame building, nearly square, with galleries on the three sides, and the pulpit at the north end" was put up in 1801-2; the building now occupied, a spacious brick church, was erected in 1834. A notable revival occurred in 1802, and the next year the church numbered one hundred and three members, and was one of the strongest societies in Hamilton county, Cincinnati included. Among the early elders were John WATSON, William PRESTON, Moses MILLER, Thomas McINTIRE, Abraham LINDLEY, James ANDREWS, Benjamin PERLEE, Caleb CRANE, and others.

In the winter of 1801-2 a remarkable religious movement, which took the name of the New Light, or Kentucky revival, spread into southwestern Ohio. It began in the Presbyterian churches of southern Kentucky, in 1800, and soon spread northward through that State, and finally into this, affecting chiefly the Presbyterians, but to some extent other denominations. In the winter named two clergymen from Kentucky, John THOMSON and Richard McNEMAR, before mentioned, preached often and very effectively at many points in the Miami country. Their work was specially active at Springfield village, where THOMSON ultimately settled as pastor, and at the Turtle Creek Presbyterian church, near the present Union village, or Shakertown, in Warren county, where McNEMAR settled.

The history of the Miami Baptist association, by the Hon. A. H. DUNLEVY, to which we owe these facts, thus relates, and apparently without prejudice, the singular characteristics of this revival:

The effects of this revival can only be glanced at here. Indeed, the reality would hardly be credited now. New as the country was, congregations of one, two, and three thousand often collected at different points, and even evening meetings at private houses not unfrequently had such crowds that they were compelled to remain out of doors during the services. In cold weather it was not uncommon to build large fires around the house of logs, then very easily had, in order to the comfort of those outside of the house.

At first the excitement was distinguished by the falling exercise. This was marked by loud breathing at first, growing more and more rapid until the subject of it seemed to swoon, then fall, and be apparently without breathing for some hours. Hundreds would thus be seen prostrated in a few moments, and sometimes nearly every adult in the meeting, preacher and all, would be down at once -- some silent, with scarcely the appearance of life, others apparently recovering, and either crying for mercy or praising God, with loud voices. Even wicked men who went to scoff, I have known to fall like others, wholly unable to control themselves, for a longer or a shorter time. On the recovery of these they would be unable to account for the effect on them, and in some cases such persons thus fell without producing even seriousness, more than for a few minutes, or hours at the furthest. In most instances, however, this falling was attended with strong convictions of sin, which resulted in permanent conversion.

The falling exercise was succeeded by the rolling exercise, which consisted in being cast down in a violent manner, and rolling over and over like a hog.

The next in time was the jerks. These were attended by violent twitchings of the muscles of the neck, arms, and sometimes of the whole body. The head would frequently be thrown from one side to another, backwards and forwards, so forcibly as to appear to threaten dislocation of the neck.

A fourth exercise was what was called the barks. The individual affected by this would bark like a dog, and often move about on hands

Another was the whirling exercise, spinning around like a top.

These all had their day, and passed off in a few years, except the jerks, which continued with some for many years. These exercises were considered by the New Lights as supernatural and intended to humble their natural pride of heart and debase, in their own estimation, the subjects of them. Though I give no opinion, they were sometimes difficult to account for on any known principles of psychology. There were instances, and many of them, where persons would lie as if dead, with scarcely the slightest appearance of life, for days together, without motion or any other signs of life, unless an almost imperceptible pulsation and breathing.

These people were called New Lights, because they taught "that the will of God was made manifest to each individual who honestly sought after it, by an inward light which shown into his heart; and hence they received the name of New Lights."

This revival carried off the great body of the Presbyterian church in the Miami valley, with a number of their preachers; as it did in Kentucky and Tennessee, southwest Virginia and northwest North Carolina. In 1803 they separated from all connection with the regular Presbyterial organizations, formed new presbyteries, and protested against the doctrines and government of the old ecclesiastical organization.

The Cumberland Presbyterian denomination took its rise in this remarkable episode of religious history, and its name from that presbytery of southern Kentucky, in which the revival began. The Christians, or Disciples, had the way prepared for them in many places by it; and the Shakers received many accessions, in Kentucky and the Miami country, by reason of its strange experiences. The church at Springdale was greatly affected by it for years, but finally recovered almost entirely from its influence.

The Baptist church was also very early in getting a lodgment here. The Rev. William JONES was its local pastor in 1827.
 

MOUNT PLEASANT.

This village -- which, like Springfield, has been forced by the post office department to take another name (Mount Healthy) for its postal arrangements -- is situated in the southwestern quarter of the township, about two miles north of College Hill, at the corners of sections twenty-six and twenty-seven, thirty-two and thirty-three. It is also an old town, having been laid out in 1817 by John LABOYTEAUX and Samuel HILL. A Mount Pleasant Savings and Building association was incorporated January 18, 1871. It had two hundred and nineteen inhabitants in 1830; eight hundred and seventy-one in 1880. On the Fourth of July, 1837, there was a rather notable celebration at the Presbyterian church in this village, with Mr. Daniel VANMATRE for orator.

The neighborhood south of this place is on the Hamilton turnpike, principally celebrated as the early home of the CARY sisters, who receive due notice in our chapter on literature in Cincinnati. A highly poetic description of the old homestead here will also be found in that chapter; and we add here another poem by Alice CARY, in which there is much local coloring and some of the domestic history of the CARYS:
 

MEMORY'S PICTURES.

Among the beautiful pictures That hang on Memory's wall Is one of a dim old forest, That seemeth best of all; Not for its gnarled oaks olden, Dark with the mistletoe; Not for the violets golden That sprinkle the vale below; Nor for the milk-white lilies That lean from the fragrant hedge, Coquetting all day with the sunbeams, And stealing their golden edge; Not for the vines on the upland, Where the bright-red berries rest; Nor the pinks, nor the pale, sweet cowslip, Doth it seem to me the best. I once had a little brother, With eyes that were dark and deep -- In the lap of that dim old forest He lieth in peace asleep; Light as the down of the thistle, Free as the winds that blow, We roved there the beautiful summers, The summers of long ago; But his feet on the hills grew weary, And one of the autumn eves I made for my little brother A bed of the yellow leaves. Sweetly his pale arms folded My neck in a meek embrace, As the light of immortal beauty Silently covered his face; And when the arrows of sunset Lodged in the tree-tops bright, He fell, in his saint-like beauty, Asleep by the gates of light. Therefore, of all the pictures That hang on Memory's wall The one of the dim old forest Seemeth the best of all

Mount Pleasant (or Mount Healthy) was a great place, many years ago, for holding political conventions, especially of the Anti-Slavery or Liberty party. At one convention held here, in May, 1841, the nominees of the Liberty party, at the National convention in New York the same month, for the canvass of 1844 -- Mr. James G. BIRNEY for President, and Thomas MORRIS for Vice-President, both then or formerly of Hamilton county -- were cordially sustained. This was before the organization of the Liberty party in Ohio. On the Fourth of July, 1842, another convention of Liberty men was held at Mount Pleasant, and the Hon. Samuel LEWIS, formerly State superintendent of common schools, was nominated for the State senate. This was the first regular convention of the party in this county. It was crowded, and a very great interest was excited. The biographer of Mr. LEWIS says: "One curious feature of the day was a discussion on the merits of the Liberty party and its claims to public favor, during which the gentleman who took the negative of the question labored hard to prove that slavery was an institution of the Bible, and that God had sanctioned it. Such arguments were, of course, properly treated, by Messrs. MORRIS and CHASE, who opposed his views."

St. Mary's Catholic Church is located there, with a parochial school of seventy pupils, and the St. Mary's and St. Stephen's confratenities -- all in charge of the Rev. Herman JOHANNING, pastor.

A writer in a recent number of the College Hill Moon, a paper prepared at one of the literary institutions in College Hill, contributes a long article descriptive of a visit to the home of the CARY sisters, from which we extract the following:

A gray-painted, two-story, brick house, looking as if it had modestly stepped back from the road and drawn its leafy veil over its face as gently as a Quakeress of olden time, while its wide roof, sloping toward the road, made it look not unlike one who shades the eyes with the hand when wishing to look far off. In fact, all the air and bearing of the house gives you the impression of a person growing old, so busy

The dining room and kitchen, with chambers over them, are in an addition running back, and have a veranda their whole length, the roof of which is supported by round brick pillars -- a curious piece of architecture we never saw before. At the end of this, close to the kitchen door, is the well. The sisters say they used to think that it went through to the other side of the world, and Alice says she loved it with the well sweep tall by her father's own hand reared, but that, alas! has long since passed away, and the water, still as pure and cool, is brought up with pulley and bucket and chain.
 

HARTWELL,

a little northeast of Carthage, on the opposite side of Mill creek, and on section one, in the southeast comer of the township, and on the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton and Short Line railroads, was laid out in 1868 by the Hamilton County Building association, and named from Mr. John W. HARTWELL, who was vice-president of the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton railroad when its station was located there. It had a population of but sixty-seven in 1870, which ten years later had mounted to eight hundred and ninety-two, largely of persons doing business in Cincinnati and having suburban residences here. A Methodist church and a good graded school are located here. It was incorporated September 9, 1876.
 

WYOMING

is west of Lockland, on the other side of the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton railroad. It was surveyed in the fall of 1869, by Isaac RIDDLE, for the Lockland & Wyoming Homestead association; was incorporated for special purposes December 7, 1870, and for general purposes March 25, 1874. Its mayor, the latter year, was Mr. W. B. TEETOR. It had eight hundred and forty inhabitants by the census of June, 1880. The Presbyterian church here is in charge of the Rev. M. MAXWELL.
 

NEW BURLINGTON

has had, likewise for postal reasons, to change its name to Transit Post Office. It is an old place near the west line of the township, one and a half miles northwest of Mt. Pleasant. It was laid out May 31, 1816, by John PEGG. In 1830 it had sixty-two inhabitants.
 

GREENWOOD

is a village plat surveyed in 1858 by C. S. WOODRUFF, on the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton railroad, between Lockland and Wyoming, by whose growth and fame its own have become considerably obscured.
 

PARK PLACE,

on the same iron road, a little northwest of Greenwood, was laid off in 1877, by the Park Place Land and Building company.
 

FOSTER HILL

is next north of Park Place on the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton railroad, east side, in the neighborhood of the first white settlements made in Springfield township.
 

WOODLAWN

is a short distance north of Foster Hill, on the same section, four, and the same side of the railroad, near the township line, not far from the south corporation line of Glendale.
 

ELLISTON

is a station north of Glendale, on the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton railroad, laid out in 1868, by W. F. MUCHMORE, and named from Mr. John W. ELLIS, a resident of the neighborhood.
 

MAPLEWOOD

is another station and village on this railroad, platted in 1873, by Joseph F. MILLS. It is now incorporated with Hartwell village in one municipality.
 

THE POPULATION

of Springfield township in 1870 was six thousand five hundred and eighty-four, and in 1880 had increased to seven thousand nine hundred and seventy-five.

¹Mrs. PRYOR was married in 1794 to Samuel DUNN, and immediately returned to the improvements made by her former husband, on what is now the county infirmary farm. There she and her husband resided for many years and raised a family of six children. Her maiden name was Elizabeth WILLIS, and was a native of New Jersey. She died on the second day of January, 1843, in the seventy-fourth year of her age, and was buried in the old Baptist burying-ground at Duck creek. The late Jeremiah DUNN, who resided north of Lockland, was her eldest son.

²Mrs. PRYOR was thus trebly bereaved by the Indian marauders. Her husband had been killed by the Indians at Pleasant run, near Fort Hamilton, while engaged in conducting pack-trains for the army.