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JAMES CALDWELL. This gentleman is well known as one of the prosperous farmers of Clifton township, Cass county, who is doing an extensive business. His real estate amounts to eight hundred acres, and he is a representative agriculturist and citizen.
Our subject was born in Ontario, Canada, September 6, 1860. His parents, Andrew and Jane (Davis) Caldwell were natives of Scotland. The father emigrated to America in 1840 and the mother in 1858, and they became residents of Cass county, North Dakota, in 1881, and are well known as early settlers of that locality where they still make their home. They are parents of six sons and two daughters, all of whom reside in Cass county.
Our subject was raised and educated in Canada, followed farming there until 1881, when he went to Cass county, North Dakota, and settled in Highland township. He resided there until 1892, when he took up his residence in Clifton township and has resided there since that date. He now has eight hundred aces of land all well improved and under cultivation and has met with success in his chosen vocation.
Our subject was married, in 1882. to Dora Fowler, a native of Canada. Five children have blessed the home of Mr. and Mrs. Caldwell, who bear the following names: Andrew, Agnes S., Ralph, William F., and Albert. Mr. Caldwell is chairman of the town board and assessor, in which capacity he has served several years, and is actively interested in the affairs of his township and county. He holds membership in the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and Ancient Order of United Workmen, and Knights of The Maccabees. Politically he is a Democrat and is firm in his convictions, and deservedly popular with the people among whom he makes his home.
FRANK J. CAMPBELL, M. D., one of the ablest and most popular physicians and surgeons of Fargo, North Dakota, was born in Winona County, Minnesota, on the nth of August, 1862, and is a son of James S. and Loraine H. (Booker) Campbell, natives of Maine. The mother died when our subject was only two years old, but the father is still living and is now a prominent contractor and builder of Fargo.
Until six years of age Dr. Campbell was a resident of Maine and his primary education was obtained in the schools of that state. He came to Fargo in 1876 and continued his studies in the schools of that city for some time. In 1882 he entered the Northwestern University at Evanston, Illinois, from which he was graduated in 1887 with the Ph. B. degree and three years later was granted the degree of Ph. M. by his alma mater. He matriculated at the Chicago Medical College and was graduated from that institution in 1890 with the degree of M. D. and carried off the honors of his class, being awarded one hundred dollars in gold for the highest scholarship. He was also valedictorian of his class. After his graduation he served as interne at Mercy Hospital of Chicago for six months, but owing to failing health was obliged to give up that position. Returning to Fargo he was engaged in practice for some years with Dr. I. N. Wear, the partnership existing until July, 1898, since which time he has been alone. He took a post-graduate course in the Polyclinic at New York, in 1898, and has ever been a close and thorough student and a man of deep research. His investigations into the science of medicine and surgery and his skillful application of the knowledge he has thereby obtained has won him a place in the foremost ranks of the medical fraternity.
Prior to entering upon the study of medicine Dr. Campbell was employed in a bank at Fargo for two years. In 1891 he married Miss Louise Welsh, a native of Ohio, and to them were born three children, but two are now deceased, the only one living being Margaret C. The Doctor is a prominent member of the County and state medical societies and also the American Medical Association. He was health officer of Fargo from 1892 until 1897; has been superintendent of the County board of health since 1891, and is secretary of the board of United States pension examiners. Socially, he is a Mason, a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, a K. of P. and also belongs to several insurance orders.
ROBERT CAMPBELL, one of the pioneer settlers of Cass county, now residing in Buffalo township, on section 24, is proprietor of a fine estate, and is highly respected as a citizen and farmer.
Our subject was born in Sharon Springs, New York, April 19, 1839. His parents, Robert and Sarah (Wagner) Campbell, were natives of Edinburgh, Scotland, and New York, respectively, and his father was a sailor in his younger days, and later followed the carpenter's trade. He emigrated to America in 1807, when six years of age, and in 1856 settled in Michigan, and passed his last years in Kalamazoo, that state. The mother survived him but one year. The grandfather of our subject, Robert Campbell, died in the state of New York. Our subject had four brothers and six sisters. Two brothers, Charles S. and Andrew J., are also residents of Cass county, North Dakota.
Mr. Campbell was reared and educated in New York and Michigan, and in 1861 went to Chicago and enlisted in Company I, Illinois Light Artillery. He served until 1862, when he was wounded at the battle of Shiloh, and was discharged in the fall of that year. He re-enlisted in the fall of 1863 in Company C, First Michigan Engineers and Mechanics, and served until October, 1865, being employed in bridge building and working on forts, etc., and was with Sherman on his march to the sea. He was at Fort Henry, Fort Donelson and Shiloh, and also many similar engagements. After the close of the war returned to Michigan, where he remained three years, and then began railroad work on the Grand Trunk Railroad in Canada, and continued eight years, after which he went to Chicago and worked for the Lake Shore Railroad Company as yardmaster until 1878. In that year he went to Cass county, North Dakota, and settled in Gill township, and later entered a homestead and tree claim in Howe township, where he lived until the spring of 1891, when he went to his present home in Buffalo township.
Our subject was married in Michigan, July 4, 1863, to Mary E. Fuller, a native of that state. Mr. and Mrs. Campbell have no children living, but have one adopted daughter, named Iva. Mr. Campbell is a member of the Grand Army of the Republic, Masonic fraternity. Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and several insurance orders. He has filled various official positions in his township, and is actively interested in the welfare of his community, and occupies a high position in the minds of the people among whom he has passed so many years. Politically he is a Republican, and is firm in his convictions.
GEORGE A. CARPENTER. M. D., one of the most successful and prominent physicians and surgeons of Fargo, North Dakota, is a native of Minnesota, born in Monticello, Wright County, February 7, 1863, and is a son of George W. and Mary (Williams) Carpenter, both natives of New York. In 1858 they removed to Minnesota, where the father engaged in merchandising for many years and also served as probate judge of Wright County for some years. In 1889 he brought his family to Fargo, where the parents now reside.
In the County of his nativity, Dr. Carpenter was reared and educated and in 1882 he entered the Minnesota Hospital College, which later became the State University, and was graduated from that institution in 1885 with the degree of M. D. During the same year he opened an office at Marine Mills, Washington County, Minnesota, and continued there until the fall of 1889, when he came to Fargo and has since engaged in the general practice of medicine and surgery. He is a progressive member of his profession-one who keeps abreast of the latest discoveries and theories by his perusal of medical journals. His skill and ability are attested by the liberal patronage he enjoys and he is ranked as one of the leading physicians of this section of the state.
Dr. Carpenter was married in 1886, to Miss Sadie Clark, also a native of Minnesota, and to them have been born two daughters, Irene A. and Minnie L. In political sentiment the Doctor is an ardent Republican and for two terms he has served as health officer of Fargo and as County physician for five years. He was a member of the board of pension examiners for five years: is now special examiner for pensions, and examining surgeon for the United States recruiting station at Fargo. He is a member of the Cass County and North Dakota Medical Societies, the American Medical Association, the Masonic fraternity, the Ancient Order of United Workmen, the Foresters and the National Union. For the past five years he has been grand medical examiner of the state for the Workmen. He spent some time in 1890 in New York hospitals and gives his whole time and attention to his profession. He has won a foremost place in the ranks of the medical fraternity in the Northwest and merits and receives a liberal patronage.
FRANK H. CARTER has resided in Casselton, North Dakota for over twenty years, and has gained an enviable reputation throughout Cass County as a gentleman of ability and true citizenship. He is manager of the Biedler & Robinson Lumber Company, and conducts the extensive interests of that company in an entirely satisfactory manner.
Mr. Carter was born in Painsville, Lake County, Ohio, January 15, 1855. and was a son of Daniel O. and Lydia (Cox) Carter. His father was a native of New York and was an early settler of Lake County, Ohio, where he still resides, engaged in farming. The mother of our subject was a native of New Hampshire.
Our subject was reared and educated in his native County, and began his career as a farmer, and in 1874 went to California, where he spent two years in the nursery business. He then returned East and remained till the spring of 1879, and in that year located in Casselton, North Dakota, and assisted in closing up the unsettled business of E. S. Tyler & Company. He entered the employ of Wallace Grosvenor as manager of his lumber yard in 1880, and continued thus until 1892. when he accepted the position as manager of the Beidler & Robinson Lumber Company, which position he still retains.
Our subject was married, October 5, 1880, to Marion C. Deshon, a native of Kentucky. One daughter has been born to this union, upon whom they have bestowed the name of Ella B. Mr. Carter affiliates with the Masonic fraternity, and has passed the degrees of Knights Templar and Mystic Shrine. He is a man of excellent character and respected by all who know him, and his public spirit has never been called in question. He has aided materially in various ways in the up building and strengthening of good local government, and has served twice as alderman of the city.
 HON. PETER P. CHACEY. An honorable position among the farmers of Harwood township, Cass county, is willingly accorded to this gentleman by his associates. He occupies one of the well-developed farms of the county and is highly esteemed in the community where he has spent nearly a quarter of a century. He is an ex-soldier who can review with justifiable pride a long and loyal service in the defense of the Union, and his public spirit is beyond question. His home is in section 15, of Harwood township.
Our subject was born in Wayne county, Ohio, December 15, 1840, and when about ten years of age went with his parents to Whiteside county, Illinois, where he made his home till 1870. He followed steam boating on the Mississippi river during the summer and fall months and in September, 1861, enlisted in Company C, Eighth Illinois Cavalry, and served nearly four years till the close of the war. He was wounded at Martinsburg, Virginia, by a sabre. After the close of the war he returned to Illinois and followed steam boating as captain and pilot till the fall of 1878. He went to North Dakota in 1877 and entered claim to land as a homestead and tree claim in Berlin township, and in 1878 purchased three hundred and twenty acres of land in section 15, in Harwood township, where he has resided since. Two years later he purchased the remaining half of section 15 and he is now the owner of two sections of land. He has erected good buildings on his home farm and completed every arrangement by which the work incident to farm life may be lessened and the comfort of the family provided.
Our subject was married, in Lena, Illinois, February 27, 1870, to Ruth J. Lincoln. Mrs. Chacey was born in Ontario county, New York, November 5, 1840. Mr. and Mrs. Chacey became the parents of five children, named: Lincoln P., Clarence B. and Lola B. are now living; Ruth L. and an infant unnamed, are deceased. Mr. Chacey was elected to the state legislature from the tenth district on the Republican ticket, in the fall of 1898, and served one term and in this capacity did very efficient work for the better interests of his community. He has held numerous school offices and is a member of the township board, and justice of the peace, and takes an active part in all local affairs. He is a member of John L. Reynolds Post, No. 5, G. A. R.
EBEN W. CHAFFEE, deceased. The extensive interests of the Amenia & Sharon Land Company were conducted by this gentleman many years with eminent success, he being one of the organizers of the company and associated with its movements as president and manager till his death. He was widely and favorably known throughout Cass County, and was a man of much business fore-thought and excellent characteristics, gaining a host of friends by his charity and benevolence.
Our subject was born in Sharon, Connecticut, January 19, 1824. His life was spent in Connecticut, where he was engaged in farming and surveying until 1877, when he settled permanently in North Dakota, lie went to Dakota first in 1875. in which year the Amenia & Sharon Land Company was organized, he being one of the promoters of the company. This company had originally forty-six sections of land, all of which was located in Cass County, and Mr. Chaffee was treasurer and state agent, and had sole charge of the firm's business.
Our subject was married in Sharon, Connecticut, to Amanda Fuller, a native of that city. Three children were born to this union, one of whom died in childhood. The daughter, Florence, became the wife of John H. Reed, and died in 1881. The son, Herbert F., assumed charge of the business upon the death of his father, and a sketch of his life appears also in this work.
Mr. Chaffee was stricken with paralysis and died suddenly, October 19, 1892. He was a member of the state constitutional convention, and was prominent in public affairs, and an exemplary citizen. He was an earnest supporter of religious work, and was a member of the Congregational church of Amenia.
HERBERT F. CHAFFEE, president and manager of the Amenia & Sharon Land Company, of Amenia. Cass County, North Dakota, is a young man of exceptional business ability and successfully conducts the affairs of the extensive firm of which he is the head. He has resided in Dakota many years, and is held in the highest esteem by his fellowmen.
Our subject was born in Sharon, Connecticut, November 20, 1865. and was a son of Eben W. and Amanda (Fuller) Chaffee, a sketch of whose lives appear elsewhere in this volume. He was reared in his native place and attended the public schools of that city, and Williston Seminary at East Hampton, from which institution he graduated in 1885. He went to Dakota in 1881. and returned to Connecticut to complete his studies. He was book-keeper and assistant treasurer of the company with which he is now connected, and at his father's death in 1892. assumed the position of president and manager.
Our subject was married in Manchester, Iowa, December 21. 1887, to Miss Carrie T. Toogood, who was born in Iowa, and was a daughter of the late George Toogood, of Manchester. Four children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Chaffee, named as follows: Eben W., Dorothy A., Herbert L., and Esther C. The youngest child died in Amenia, North Dakota, January 10, 1899, aged nearly four years. Mr. Chaffee is a man of broad mind and keeps pace with the times in all public affairs, and is earnest in his efforts to advance the community in which he resides, and strengthen good local government, and is deservedly popular with the people.
AARON CHANDLER, one of the pioneers of Bell township, Cass county, is passing his declining years in comfortable circumstances that are the result of a well-spent career. He has followed farming the greater part of his life, and is widely known as a successful agriculturist and faithful citizen.
Our subject was born in Guernsey county, Ohio, October 28, 1829, and was a son of Spencer and Ellen (Brailey) Chandler, natives of Washington county. Pennsylvania. His father was a farmer by occupation, and went to Ohio when he was a young man, becoming one of the early settlers of that state. He passed his life there and died in Ohio about 1853. The mother of our subject died in 1840. The grandfather of our subject, Jonathan Chandler, was a native of Washington county, Pennsylvania, was a Quaker, and died in Ohio. Our subject was one of a family of seven children-five sons and two daughters.
Mr. Chandler was reared in Ohio and educated there, working his way through Oberlin College in 1849-50. He began his business career as clerk in a store and followed that calling for some time, and in 1850 removed to Blackford county, Indiana, where he engaged in teaching school and also farming. He went to Des Moines, Iowa, in 1857, where he remained until 1860, and then went to Pike's Peak and followed mining there two years, and afterward returned to Indiana, and in 1864 enlisted as first lieutenant of Company A, One Hundred and Thirty-third Indiana Volunteer Infantry. He served six months, during which time he was on garrison duty at Bridgeport, Alabama. He then returned to Iowa and made his home there until April, 1881, when he went to Cass county. North Dakota. He entered claim to land in Barnes county and spent six months there, and then went to Fargo, and also operated a farm in the county. He and his son together have two sections and a quarter of land, all of which is improved and furnishes a good income.
Our subject was married, in 1852, to Margaret Pitman, a native of Ohio. Mrs. Chandler's parents, Anthony and Margaret Pitman, were natives of Pennsylvania and Ohio, respectively, and they settled in Jay county, Indiana, and died in that state. One son has been born to Mr. and Mrs. Chandler, Arthur P., who is associated in the farm interests with his father. Mr. Chandler is a member of the Ancient Order of United Workmen. Politically, he is a Republican, and has stood stanchly for the principles of that party throughout his life. He is a man of true worth as a citizen, and enjoys well-merited success and the highest esteem of his fellow men.
HOMER M. CHAPMAN, deceased, brother of Wilbur F. Chapman, was a prominent farmer of Ayr township for many years and met with success in his vocation. He was born in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, March 9, 1841, and went to Wisconsin with his parents. He enlisted, March 7, 1865, in Company A, Fifty-first Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry, and was in the Army of the Potomac in Virginia. He served until the close of the war and was discharged from the service August 22, 1865, with the rank of corporal.
Mr. Chapman went to Dakota with his brother in 1879 and homesteaded on section 30 in Ayr township, Cass county, where he resided until his death, which occurred January 20, 1900. Our subject was married, December 7, 1882, at Watertown, Wisconsin, to Elizabeth Prentice. Mr. Chapman was one of the organizers of the township and actively interested in the general welfare of his community, but never sought or filled public office, devoting his time to the operation of his farm and met with remarkable success in his vocation. He was mourned by a large circle of friends as a true citizen, worthy the esteem of his fellow men.
WILBUR F. CHAPMAN. This gentleman is the fortunate owner of one of the fine estates of Ayr township, Cass county, and is well known as a pioneer settler of that locality. He has devoted his attention wholly to his farm work and has become well-to-do and also gained an enviable station among his fellows.
Our subject was born in Youngstown, Ohio, September 26, 1848, and was a son of Wells A. and Catherine (Mercer) Chapman, who were natives of Ohio. His father was a stock dealer and went to Wisconsin in 1849 and both parents died at Fox Lake, that state. They were the parents of four sons and three daughters, our subject being the only one now in North Dakota.
Mr. Chapman was reared in Wisconsin and received his education there and remained in that state until 1879, when he went to Cass county. North Dakota, with his brother. Homer M. He homesteaded on section 30 in Ayr township, and he and his brother were among the earliest settlers of that, locality. He has resided there since that date and is now the owner of one half-section of land, all of which is well improved and furnishes a comfortable income.
Our subject was married, in 1881, in Wisconsin, to Martha Davies, a native of Wisconsin. Mrs. Chapman's parents, John H. and Mary J. (Perry) Davies, were natives of Wales and Canada, respectively. Her father emigrated to America in 1843 and died in Wisconsin. Two children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Chapman, as follows: Katherine J. and Jay W. Mr. Chapman assisted in the organization of his township and was a member of the first township board. He is a member of the Brotherhood of American Yoemen and in Political sentiment is a Republican.
 JAMES ALBEE CHESLEY, a pioneer business man of Fargo, successfully engaged in the lumber trade, was born at Mancton, New Brunswick, Canada, January 24, 1851, and is a son of Robert A. and H. Elizabeth (Albee) Chesley, natives of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, respectively. . The father, who was a Methodist Episcopal minister, spent his entire life in Canada, as did also the grandfather, Samuel Chesley, who was a farmer of Nova Scotia. The great-grandfather, Samuel Chesley, Sr., was born in New Hampshire and removed to Nova Scotia in 1758.
Our subject was reared in Nova Scotia, and after attending the common schools for some years became a student in Mount Allison College. In 1869 he went to Minneapolis, Minnesota, where for ten years he was employed as bookkeeper by the lumber firm of Farnham & Lovejoy. Coming to Fargo, North Dakota, in 1879, he opened a lumber yard of his own. Later Frank L. Lovejoy was interested in the business for a few years, but since 1886 Mr. Chesley has been alone in business. By fair and honorable dealing he has built up an excellent trade, and is now the oldest retail lumber dealer in the city. He is also president of the North Dakota Anchor Fence Company, which was organized in 1897, and is interested in farming to some extent. In business affairs he is energetic, prompt and notably reliable, and commands the respect and confidence of all with whom he comes in contact. Socially he is a Mason and politically a Republican, but has never cared for the honors or emoluments of public office.
In 1876 was celebrated, in Minneapolis, Minnesota, the marriage of Mr. Chesley and Miss Emma F. Jones, a native of Maine, and daughter of W. E. and Mary J. (Adams) Jones, and to them have been born four children, namely: Mary E., Eva J., Julia A. and Samuel L., all living.
HON. GEORGE S. CHURCHILL, a prominent real-estate dealer of Casselton, is an early settler of Cass County and is entitled to special mention as a citizen of true worth. He is also interested in operating several sections of land in Cass County, and has met with success in general farming.
He was born in Erie County, Pennsylvania, April 23, 1863, and was a son of George T. and Sarah C. (Lawrence) Churchill, natives of Connecticut. His father was a banker and general merchant and was vice-president of the old Keystone National Bank, of Erie, Pennsylvania, and still resides in that city. The great-great-grand-father of our subject, Captain Charles Churchill, was a native of New England, Parish Weathersfield, Connecticut, and was born December 31, 1723. He was appointed captain of militia in 1762 by the general assembly of Connecticut. He enlisted as captain in one of the militia companies who turned out to repel the invasion of New Haven, July 5. 1779, and he also enlisted as captain of the Sixth Militia, probably the same regiment in which he first enlisted, and was appointed captain by the general assembly. He was a son of Ensign Samuel Churchill of the English navy. The great grandfather of our subject, Samuel Churchill, was also a native of Connecticut. The grandfather of our subject, Josiah Churchill, was a native of Connecticut, and was a minister of the Presbyterian denomination and died in Pennsylvania. The father of our subject is a prominent citizen of his community and has served as a member of the city council and as County commissioner.
He was one of a family of three children, two sons and one daughter, all of whom are now living. Mr. Churchill was reared and educated in Erie, Pennsylvania, and in 1880 purchased land in Cass County, and the following year went to Eric, Cass County, and followed farming there until 1899, when he moved to Casselton and established his present business. He followed general merchandising and real estate business in Erie, Cass County, while a resident of that place and has been successful in every enterprise in which he has engaged. He now operates and owns three sections of land in Cass County.
He was married in 1884 to Miss Lulu Knapp, a native of Wisconsin. Mrs. Churchill's parents, Nathan and Angelina (Green) Knapp, were natives respectively of Canada and Wisconsin. Her father served four years in the Civil war with the Eleventh Iowa Volunteer Infantry, in Company B. and participated in the battles of Bull Run and Shiloh in 1862. He now resides in Washington. Mrs. Churchill is a great-great-granddaughter of Abraham Lighthall. who served as a sergeant. corporal and captain in the Revolutionary war. enlisting from Albany. New York, in the Fourth Tryon Company Regiment of New York, in 1780. He was born in Jefferson County, New York. He was appointed by General Washington as captain of a company of three hundred friendly Indians, and was captured by the Indians, escaped and returned to Washington, and served as aide to General Washington during the remainder of Washington's life. He was six feet, seven inches in height, and was of powerful physique. Mr. and Mrs. Churchill are the parents of one son. George E. Mr. Churchill served as a member of the lower house in 1893, and was chairman of the insurance committee, and a member of other important committees, including the ways and means committee. He has been identified with the movements of the Republican party throughout his career, and is stanch in his political faith. He is intelligent and progressive and well merits his success and high standing.
ISAAC P. CLAPP. one of Fargo's best-known citizens and successful business men, was born in Dutchess County, New York, March 4, 1839, and is a son of Peter B. and Sarah E. (Pells) Clapp, also natives of New York, in whose family were only two children, one son and one daughter, both still living. The father, who was an agriculturist, spent his entire life in the Empire state, as did also the grandfather, Isaac Clapp.
Our subject was reared in much the usual manner of farmer boys of his day, assisting in the labors of the fields and attending the district schools near his childhood home. He followed farming in New York until 1867, when he removed to Norfolk, Virginia, and after residing there for some time he went to central Texas, where he engaged in agricultural pursuits for ten years. He next made his home in Kenosha, Wisconsin, until 1880, when he came to Fargo, North Dakota, landing here on the 14th of October. He soon returned to Wisconsin, however, but the following April located permanently in Fargo, where, as a member of the firm of Clapp & McCrow, he was engaged in the banking business until 1884, conducting the Cass County Bank, which was a private institution. On closing the bank they turned their attention to the real estate business, in which Mr. Clapp is still successfully engaged, and to some extent he is also interested in farming. He is a wide-awake, energetic business man of known reliability and due success has not been denied him.
On the 7th of June. 1882, in Wisconsin, Mr. Clapp was united in marriage with Miss Sarah Sleight, a native of Indiana, and they now have one son, Edwin G., at home. Socially Mr. Clapp is a man of prominence in the community where he has so long made his home, and is honored and respected by all who know him. He belongs to the Masonic fraternity.
WILLIAM J. CLAPP, a prominent and successful attorney of Fargo, North Dakota, was born in Wakefield, Massachusetts, November 28, 1857, a son of George L. and Harriet (Fuller) Clapp, both natives of Vermont. The father, who was a farmer by occupation, spent most of his life in Montgomery, Vermont, where his death occurred. The paternal grandfather of our subject was Joshua Clapp and the great-grandfather was Captain Joshua Clapp, who was the first settler of Montgomery and a captain in the American army during the Revolutionary war. Both were farmers, but the maternal grandfather was a physician and surgeon. He served as town clerk, as did also the grandfather Clapp for many years.
Our subject was reared and educated in Vermont, graduating from the Montpelier Academy in 1880, and soon afterward he began the study of law. On coming West, in 1882, he located in Moorhead, Minnesota, and there he was admitted to the bar in November, 1883. Removing to Tower City. North Dakota, he successfully engaged in practice there until 1890. He was elected a member of the constitutional convention in 1889 and in the fall of that year was appointed County superintendent of schools for Cass County. The following year he was appointed state superintendent of public instruction and removed to Bismarck. In January, 1891, he became a resident of Fargo, where he has since made his home. His skill and ability in his chosen profession were soon widely recognized and he was not long in building up a large practice, which he still enjoys. In 1882 Mr. Clapp married Miss Alice Stevens, a native of Vermont, and they have two children: Fannie S. and Henry S. Mr. Clapp has been a life-long Republican and an active worker for the party's interests. He is a pleasant and affable gentleman, and a stranger in his presence soon feels perfectly at ease. Constant study and close application to the details of his profession have enabled him to reach an enviable position in legal circles, and he today stands at the head of the Cass County bar.
SIDNEY B. CLARK, M . D. The medical fraternity has many able representatives in Cass County, North Dakota, and one who occupies a prominent position in this number is Sidney B. Clark. He has been engaged in the practice of his professor in Buffalo, Clark County, comparatively few years, but has gained a remunerative patron-age and the confidence of the people among whom he labors. He is a skillful practitioner, intelligent and possessed of untiring perseverance and energetic character.
He was horn in Fox County, Wisconsin, July 10, 1870, and was a son of Silas and Susan F. (Cooper) Clark, natives respectively of New York and Wisconsin. His father was a merchant and went to Wisconsin in an early day and engaged there in merchandising many years. He enlisted in 1861 in the Eighteenth Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry, and served with the regiment until the battle of Shiloh, where he was wounded in the thigh, and was later discharged from the service on account of disability. He re-enlisted about one year later, and was commissioned captain, but had only gone as far as Milwaukee, Wisconsin, when the war closed. He went to Fargo, North Dakota, in 1895, and founded the Clark Produce Company, of which he was the head until his death, June 25. 1899. aged fifty-three years. He was among the leading business men of Fargo, and was a member of the Masonic fraternity and G. A. R. He has two brothers, Clifford and Silas W., who now conduct the business of the Clark Produce Company at Fargo.
He was reared and educated in St. Paul, Minnesota, in the high school and the State University, and began the study of medicine in Chicago in 1891. and the following year entered the College of Physicians & Surgeons of Chicago. He was graduated from that institution in 1895. and then spent one year in hospital work in Chicago. He went to Buffalo. North Dakota, in the spring of 1896, since which time he has conducted a general practice successfully. He is a member of the North Dakota State Medical Society, and was a member of the Cook County Medical Society, of Illinois. He is assistant County physician for his district.
He was married, in 1897. to Miss Helen A. Young, a native of Vermont. Mr. Clark is a member of the Ancient Order of United Workmen and Brotherhood of American Yeomen. He is one of the rising young men of North Dakota and is deservedly held in high esteem throughout Cass County.
CHARLES S. COLLINS. The farming interests of Cass county have had an able representative in the person of Charles S. Collins for the past fifteen years. He is proprietor of a fine farm near Hunter, in Hunter township, and has devoted his career to agricultural pursuits in which he has been remarkably successful, and from a beginning without means has attained a high place among the substantial men of his calling.
Our subject was born in New York, August 2, 1860, and was a son of Stowell and Laura (Wilcox) Collins, both of whom were natives of New York. His father carries on a blacksmith shop and resides in Duluth, Minnesota, where he located in 1868. The grandfather of our subject, Stowell Collins, was a merchant and died in Minnesota. Our subject has two brothers and three sisters, one brother now residing in North Dakota.
Mr. Collins was reared and educated in Minnesota, and in 1883 went to Cass county, North Dakota, and superintended the farm where he now lives, and later purchased a section and a half of land south of this place, and has lived on his farm continuously since. He has met with success and has a well developed farm.
Our subject was married, in 1887, to Miss Rosa Russell, a native of Canada. Five children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Collins, as follows: Stoel, Lloyd, Rosa, Charles and Dallas, all of whom are living. Mr. Collins is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. Politically, he is independent. He takes an active interest in local affairs, and has served as chairman of the town board for some years. He is a man of energetic character and strict integrity, and his life and labors in North Dakota have been crowned with well-merited success.
THOMAS C. COMSTOCK, yardmaster for the Northern Pacific Railroad Company at Fargo, North Dakota, and an honored citizen of that place, was born in Fairfield county, Connecticut, May 17, 1850, and is a son of Andrew K. and Emma (Carter) Comstock, also natives of that state. The father, who was a lumber dealer in the East, came to North Dakota in 1880 and settled in Fargo. Later he engaged in farming in Cass county, and died there in 1897. He had two sons, one of whom is now a resident of New York. The paternal grandfather of our subject, Watts Comstock, was also a native of Fairfield county, Connecticut, and was a farmer and banker by occupation.
During his boyhood and youth Thomas C. Comstock attended school and remained in Connecticut until 1868, when he removed to Minnesota and for the following year engaged in clerking in Minneapolis. Later he was in business with his father in the East and there began his railroad career as a civil engineer. Returning to Minneapolis in 1871, he accepted a position on the civil engineering force of the Minneapolis & St. Louis Railroad. The following winter he got out ties for the Northern Pacific Railroad Company, and in 1872 commenced firing on that road. Later he was promoted to the position of engineer, running a train between Fargo and Duluth, and in 1876 was made a conductor on the same line. Two years later he was transferred to the Dakota division and ran trains between Fargo and Bismarck until 1890, when he was made train yardmaster at the former city. In 1893 he was transferred as trainmaster to Jamestown, and in 1896 returned to Fargo and was given his old position, which he still fills in a most creditable and satisfactory manner. He is now one of the oldest and most trusted employees of the road, and is held in high regard by all who know him. His political support is given the men and measures of the Republican party, but he takes no active part in politics aside from voting.
In 1881 Mr. Comstock married Miss Ellen Merrell. a native of Illinois, and they have three children : Fannie, Arthur and Merrill.
FRANCIS COLWELL. Among the energetic and capable farmers of Gardner township, Cass county, may be classified the gentleman above named. He is proprietor of a fine estate in section 10 and has acquired his possessions by careful management and industrious habits.
Our subject was born in Nova Scotia, February 19, 1834, and was reared in Huron county, Ontario. He lived in Bruce county, Ontario, about thirty years, where he was engaged in farming till he went to North Dakota, in the spring of 1880. He purchased one hundred and sixty acres of land on section 10, of Gardner township, where he has since made his home. He has added to his possessions as circumstances would permit, and is now the fortunate possessor of three hundred and twenty acres of land. His farm is carefully and thoroughly tilled and made to produce abundantly and the crops are of good quality. He has placed modern improvements on the place and provided every comfort for the family and all conveniences for carrying on the work and is among the substantial men of his community.
Our subject was married, in Bruce county, Ontario, June 27, 1854, to Miss Jane Collins, who was born in county Lanrick, Ontario, September 15, 1834. Fourteen children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Colwell, eight of whom are living and bear the following names: Mary A., Elizabeth, Maria, David H., Francis S., Anna L., Adella C. and Samuel P. The following children are deceased: Deborah A., Sarah J., Catherine A., Lillie M., Edward C. and John B. Mr. Colwell and family are members of the Free Methodist church. Mr. Colwell is highly respected in his community and enjoys his well-merited success.
 CHARLES J. CONLON. A prominent position as a citizen and member of the farming community of Clifton township, Cass county, is held by the gentleman above named. He is one of the pioneers of that locality, and his skill and thorough practical knowledge of his calling have been potent factors in producing the present solid prosperity of his community, and he is deservedly held in high esteem by his associates.
Our subject was born in Ontario, Canada, July 15, 1861. His parents, Patrick and Bridget (Golloglly) Conlon, were natives of Ireland, and emigrated to America when they were children. The family resided in Canada until 1881, and then removed to Cass county. North Dakota, where the mother died in 1895. The father served in the Civil war with a Michigan regiment, and died in Michigan from exposure and heart failure as a result of his service. Three sons and two daughters constituted the family of children, and all now live in North Dakota and are as follows; James, John J., Charles J., Mary and Anna.
Mr. Conlon was reared and educated in Canada, and followed farming there until 1881, when he went to Cass county. North Dakota, with the family, and has followed farming, railroading and carpenter work in the bridge department of the railroad. He has a quarter-section of land and placed good improvements thereon, and is one of the solid men of his community.
Our subject was married, in November, 1894, to Mary E. Carey, a native of Ireland, who came to America with her parents, Patrick and Margaret (Mahoney) Carey, when she was a child, and resided in Wisconsin . Mr. Conlon is a member of the Ancient Order of United Workmen. He is a Republican in political sentiment, but has never sought or filled public office, devoting his attention to his farm and its improvement, in which he has met with success and enjoys a good competence and the respect of his fellow men.
GEORGE R. COOK, one of the most prominent men of Gardner. Cass county, is closely identified with the financial interests of that locality, and has won an honorable name as a citizen and able business man. He is one of the directors of the Gardner Farmers' Elevator Company and is also engaged in the drug business and meat business in that thriving city, and is the owner of an extensive tract of land in Gardner and Wiser townships.
Our subject was born in Columbia county. Wisconsin, December 18, 1855, and was the fourth in a family of eight children, five sons and three daughters born to Samuel and Mary {Williams) Cook, both natives of Radnershire, England. His parents now reside in Wabasha county, Minnesota. Our subject removed to Racine county, Wisconsin, with his parents when he was two years of age and alter five years removed to Wabasha county, Minnesota, where he grew to manhood and received a common-school education. He remained there till the spring of 1880, when he went to Cass county, North Dakota, and settled in Wiser township, where he took land as a homestead in section 8. He remained there fourteen years and then purchased the town site of Gardner and removed there, where he has since been a resident. He owns seven hundred and twenty acres of land and is one of the substantial men of his community. He has erected a fine residence in Gardner and is recognized as one of the leading citizens of Cass county.
Our subject was married, in St. Paul, Minnesota, December 3, 1879, to Miss Evelyn C. Mitchell, a native of Maine, who was reared in Wabasha county, Minnesota. Mrs. Cook was born August 14, 1860, and was the youngest in a family of seven children, two sons and five daughters, born to Joseph and Lovina (Hazeltine) Mitchell. Her parents were born in Elaine and died in Wabasha county, Minnesota. Six children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Cook, named as follows: John Claude, Iva Maude, Erma Ann, Roy Gould, Alaidie Blanche and Glen Mitchell. Iva M. died in Gardner, North Dakota, aged thirteen years. Mr. Cook is interested in a large degree in the improvement and development of the community in which he resides and he has been a potent factor in the financial and social welfare of that part of the county. He has held numerous local offices and is always found on the side of right and justice. He is identified with the Republican party, being postmaster at the present time, and has been a member of the Cass county Republican central committee. He holds membership in the Ancient Order of United Workmen.
HON. HENRY D. COURT, now residing in Battle Creek, Michigan, was for many years engaged extensively in farming in Cass county. North Dakota. He is a pioneer settler of Towner township, where he located in 1882, and remained a resident of that locality about thirteen years, becoming one of the well-known and honored citizens of his community and prominent in public affairs of the state.
Our subject was born in West Chester, Chester county, Pennsylvania, March 20, 1825, and was a son of Henry and Hannah (Archer) Court, both of whom were natives of Pennsylvania, and passed their lives in that state. Our subject was reared and educated in Pennsylvania, and from there moved to :Michigan in April, 1855, and settled near Battle Creek, where he resided until 1882, and engaged in farming. He then went to Cass county as general manager for H. E. Sargent, ex-general manager of the Northern Pacific Railroad. He opened up a farm of one section of land in 1882, and added to the property by purchase from time to time until the interests reached the extensive proportions of two thousand three hundred and eighty-five acres of land in 1895, when Mr. Court resigned his management, since which time he has lived retired in Battle Creek, Michigan. He took much interest in fine stock, and brought the trotting horse, Pilot Middleton, to Cass county.
Our subject was married in Pennsylvania to Rebecca E. Jones, a native of that state. Seven children, five of whom are still living, were born to Mr. and Mrs. Court. One son, Frank E., is now manager of the Cass county farm, assuming charge at the time of his father's resignation in 1895. The farm produces from thirty-five to forty thousand bushels of grain per annum, and they also raise a fine herd of Shorthorn cattle. Our subject takes an active interest in public affairs wherever he resides, and while living in North Dakota was elected on the Republican ticket as a state representative, and served as a member of the lower house in 1889-90, and gave much attention to the interests and general welfare of his community. He is a man of excellent executive ability and business tact, and has made a success of his career, and well merits his high standing.
HENRY H. CRITCHFIELD, M. D. This gentleman is one of the widely-known physicians and surgeons of Cass county, and has resided in Hunter and followed the practice of his profession there for the past fifteen years. He is a skillful practitioner and enjoys a growing and remunerative practice.
Our subject was born in Holmes county, Ohio, May 20, 1861. His parents, Lyman R. and Adalaide (Shaffer) Critchfield, were natives of Ohio, and his father is now engaged in the practice of law at Wooster. Ohio. He was a graduate of the Delaware College and the Cincinnati Law School, and was attorney-general of Ohio from 1861 to 1861, and was probate judge of Holmes county and judge of common pleas. The mother of our subject was burned to death in 1895 by an accident resulting from a gasoline stove. Our subject had one brother and six sisters. The brother, Lyman R., is city attorney of Wooster, Ohio, and was a soldier in the Eighth Ohio Volunteer Infantry during the Spanish-American war. One sister resides in Hunter, North Dakota. The grandfather of our subject, Rhuben T. Critchfield, was a native of Ohio, and was a son of Nathaniel Critchfield, a native of Virginia, and one of the first settlers of Ohio.
Our subject was reared in Ohio and received his education there, attending Kenyon College, of Gambier, Ohio. He began the study of medicine in 1881, under Dr. S. P. Wise, at Millersburg, and in 1882 went to Minneapolis, Minnesota, and entered the University of Minnesota in the medical department and was graduated from that institution in 1885. He began the practice of his profession there and remained one year, and in 1886 went to Hunter, Cass county. North Dakota, where he has resided since and follows a general practice. He also owns one section of land, and has been remarkably successful in every business venture.
Our subject was married, in 1884, to Lilly Ray, a native of Minnesota. Five sons have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Critchfield, named as follows: Roy L., Burke H., Ralph J., Harry M. and George N., the last two named being twins. Mr. Critchfield was a member of the United States pension board from 1892-96, and has been vice-president of the State Medical Society, and has filled some local offices. He holds membership in the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and Modern Woodmen of America. Politically he is a Democrat.
JOSEPH E. CRONAN, who is well known throughout North Dakota, as a man of sterling character and public spirit, is one of the sound financial men of Fargo. He is one of the early settlers of the state, and has aided in its advancement and labored earnestly for its better interests. He has served the people in various important official positions, and enjoys the confidence and esteem of all. At present he is president and general manager of the Fargo Packing & Cold Storage Company, and is also a director of the Merchants' State Bank.
Mr. Cronan was born near Montreal, Quebec, Canada. May 1, 1850. His parents, Timothy and Mary (Fitzgerald) Cronan, were natives of Canada, and the paternal grandfather of our subject, John Cronan, was born in county Cork, Ireland. He came to Canada and remained there until his death. The family came to the United States in 1864, and settled in Polk county, Iowa, where the father engaged in farming. He later moved to Nebraska, where his death occurred many years since, and the mother died in Minneapolis in 1888. Four sons were born to them, three of whom are now residents of Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Our subject was educated in Canada and Polk county, Iowa, in the common schools, and in 1872 went to Morehead, in company with the contractor on the Northern Pacific Railroad, and after a short time was sent east, but returned to Dakota in 1878 and settled at Fargo. He entered claim to land in 1879, in Walsh county, and in the fall of that year engaged as foreman on a large wheat farm in Cass county, and in the spring of 1880 proved his claim and moved to his farm, where he resided until 1884. He then engaged in wheat buyer at Grafton. North Dakota, and in 1800 was elected sheriff of Walsh county. He was re-elected in 1892, but resigned the office in January, 1894, to accept the appointment of United States marshal for North Dakota. He served four years in that capacity, and was an efficient officer. He changed his residence to Fargo, in 1894. since which time he has made his home there. He became interested in the Fargo Packing & Cold Storage Company in 1896. This company is a corporation of fifty thousand dollars capital, and Mr. Cronan is meeting with success as president and general manager.
Our subject was married, in 1890, to Margaret M. Emerson, a native of Wisconsin. Four sons and two daughters have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Cronan, as follows: John E., Albert J., Lewis W., Francis, Mary A. and Josephine. The family are communicants of the Catholic church. Mr. Cronan is a member of the Order of Elks, and is a man who is deservedly popular. Politically he is a Democrat, which party he has always identified with, and assisted in the organization of the same in Walsh county. He has held minor offices as well as important commissions before mentioned, and in every instance performed the duties faithfully and well.
WILLIAM CULLEN, who has devoted his mature years to the pursuit of agriculture in Norman township, Cass county, is a man of ability and sound judgment and has met with unbounded success in this line. He has a fine estate and is one of the substantial farmers of his community, and has acquired his property by persistent efforts, and now enjoys the comforts of rural life and is esteem of his fellowmen.
Our subject was born in Ontario, Canada, November 12, 1857. and was a son of Robert and Margaret (Linton) Cullen. His parents were natives of Scotland and emigrated to America about 1835 and settled in Canada, where the mother still resides. The father was a teamster and died in Canada. They were the parents of eight sons and six daughters, of whom our subject and one brother reside in North Dakota.
Mr. Cullen was reared and educated in Canada and there learned the blacksmith's trade, which he followed four years, and in 1881 went to Cass county, North Dakota, and settled at Fargo, and later moved to Davenport, where he followed his trade until 1889. He then began farming in Norman township and has continued thus engaged since that date and has met with remarkable success, and is now proprietor of a well-improved property including three quarter-sections of land. His residence is a fine brick structure, and he also has substantial barns and other farm buildings on the place and enjoys a comfortable competence from the well-cultivated fields.
Our subject was married in North Dakota, in 1885, to Marie Augedahl, a native of Norway. One child has been born to Mr. and Mrs. Cullen, upon whom they have bestowed the name of Minnie C. Mr. Cullen is a member of the Ancient Order of United Workmen. He is a Republican in political faith and lends his influence for good local government. He has assisted in the up building and development of Norman township, and his success is well merited.
FIRST SERGEANT HALSEY S. CURRY. This gentleman is a leading farmer of Cass county, wherein he was one of the pioneer settlers. He has developed a fine farm and has a comfortable home and pleasant surroundings. His residence is on section 4 of Rochester township.
Our subject was born in Tompkins county. New York. July 2j,. 1841, and was a son of Edwin H. and Rachel (Updyke) Curry, who were natives of New York and Pennsylvania, respectively. His parents were farmers and removed to Kane county, Illinois, in 1842, and from there to Grant county, Wisconsin, where the mother died in 1882 and the father in 1896. The grandfather of our subject, James Curry, was a Methodist Episcopal divine and engaged in the ministry forty years, and passed away in the state of New York. Our subject had three brothers and two sisters, and his eldest brother was killed at Gainesville. Virginia, in 1862. He was a member of Company I, Seventh Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry. He has one brother now in Cass county. North Dakota.
Mr. Curry was reared and educated in Illinois and Wisconsin, and July 8, 1861, enlisted in Company I, Seventh Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry, and served four years and one month. He was with the Army of the Potomac and participated in the following battles : Second Bull Run, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Fitz Hugh Lee, Gettysburg, Wilderness, Spottsylvania Court House, Laurel Hill, North Ann River, South Ann River and Cold Harbor. He was wounded by a shot in the left hand June 30, 1864, at Petersburg, and was discharged at Detroit, Michigan, in July, 1865, with the rank of first sergeant. At the close of the war ^Ir. Curry located at Muskegon, Michigan, and remained there until the fall of 1880, when he went to North Dakota and located in Barnes county. He resided there until 1889 and then removed to his present home in Cass county. He raised the first crop in the portion of Barnes county in which he located, and was a prominent early settler. He now conducts the threshing business each season and has prospered in this line of work and has made some valuable improvements in implements and methods. He has a good farm with all necessary buildings which are of a substantial nature.
Our subject was married in Wisconsin, in 1864, to Miss Synthia A. Tyler, a native of Iowa. Eight children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Curry, as follows: Ulysses E., Edna E., Myrta A., Halsey S., Edwin C, William W., Lincoln C. and Lydia G., all of whom are living. Mr. Curry has served as chairman of the township board, and has held various school offices and is actively interested in public affairs. Politically he is a Republican, and is a member of the Masonic fraternity. He is prominent in Grand Army Republic affairs, and is senior vice-commander for North Dakota.
JOHN CUTHBERTSON, deceased. For nearly fifteen years prior to his death this gentleman was associated with the farming interests of Wheatland township, Cass county, and his demise was mourned by a large circle of friends and acquaintances who had learned to regard him with the highest esteem.
He was prosperous as a farmer, and his good character and public spirit were beyond reproach. The mother is still residing on the farm in section 9, and the family is highly respected by all. Our subject was a native of Kilmarnook, Scotland, and was born September 23, 1823. His parents, John and Sarah (Alexander) Cuthbertson, were natives of Scotland, and came to America in 1829, locating in New Brunswick, where they lived and died, and the father was a carpenter.
Our subject was reared and educated in Canada, and there learned the cooper's trade, and continued to reside there until 1849, when he went to California and engaged in mining there six years, meeting with little success. He then returned to Canada, and remained there until 1881, when he went to Cass county, North Dakota, and purchased land on section 9 in Wheatland township, and at once began the improvement of the farm. He engaged in general farming and met with success in that vocation.
Mr. Cuthbertson was married in Canada, in 1860, to Elizabeth Murdock, a native of Ayrshire, Scotland. Eleven children, seven of whom are living were born to Mr. and Mrs. Cuthbertson, as follows: Mary, now Mrs. A. Cameron; John, Kate, now Mrs. Bessett; William, Lizzie, Maggie and Alexander. Mr. Cuthbertson died in 1895, leaving the family and a large circle of friends to mourn their loss. He was a member of the Presbyterian church, and held membership in the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He assisted in the organization of Wheatland township, and was actively interested in public affairs. Politically he was identified with the Democratic party.
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