Sunflower County was formed
15 Feb 1844 from Bolivar County. It was named for the Sunflower River which
flows through it. The initial county seat was established at McNutt and
the county's original boundaries were defined as:
"Beginning at the courner
of townships 24 and 25, or ranges 4 and 5 west, thence east between townships
24 and 25 to the line between ranges 2 and 3 west; thence south between
ranges 2 and 3 west to the line between townships 21 and 22; thence east
between townships 21 and 22 to the Tallahatchie River; thence down the
Tallahatchie river, and down the Yazoo River to the point where the old
Choctaw boundary line intersects it; thence with the said boundary line
north, forty-six degrees west, to the point where the line between ranges
4 and 5 west intersects that line; thence north with the line between ranges
4 and 5 west, to the
place of beginning."
This long, narrow strip lies entirely within the geographic feature known
as the Yazoo Delta. Later, when Leflore County was formed, a large section
of the eastern portion was taken up by Leflore, and Sunflower's western
and southern boundaries were extended at the expense of Washington and
Bolivar counties. The new boundaries encompass approximately 703 square
miles. On 15 March 1871, when a large eastern area was taken
to form part of Leflore county, the county seat had to be moved from McNutt,
which now was part of Leflore County. A new town called Johnsonville, where
Mound Bayou intersects the Sunflower River, was established as the new
county seat. By popular vote of the people in 1882 the county seat again
moved, this time to a point about 4 miles west of the Sunflower River on
Indian Bayou. Initially the town was known as Eureka, but has since been
established as Indianola. Other prominent cities during the
settlement of Sunflower County were: Moorhead, Baird, Woodburn, Ruleville,
Drew, Inverness, Dockery, Rome, and Parchman.
It was reported that the Sunflower river is navigable for several months of the year by steamboats. Other waterways within the county are: Mound Bayou, Jones Bayou, Indian Bayou, Porter's Bayou, and Quiver River. In those days red and white oak, red and sweet gum, hickory, cottonwood, and cypress were more than abundant, making logging a primary industry.
In 1888, the Yazoo and Mississippi Valley railroads were selling land at 5 dollars an acre on long time terms. The opportunity brought many settlers, but like those in its sister county, Bolivar, they faced many adverse conditions. The land at the time was densely wooded, and what wasn't densely wooded was marsh, prone to frequent ravages of rising waters. Mosquitos were as abundant as the cane brakes, and "fever" was a constant threat. Still they came.
One early settler, B.G. Humphries
later became the Govenor. Other notable settlers were: James J. Chenning,
G.B. Wilds, Col. Eli Waits, J.Y. McNeill, Col. Hezekiah McNabb, Ezekiel
McNabb, Mayor Frank Hawkins, and Capt John Hawkins.
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