History of Mississippi - TREATY OF GHENT

 

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TREATY OF GHENT


In the negotiation of the treaty of Ghent 1814, making peace after the war that involved the Indians of the South, the British commissioners asked as a sine qua on of peace that "the Indians nations who have been, during the war, in alliance with Great Britain, should at the termination of the war, be included in the pacification. It is equally necessary that a definite boundary should be assigned to the Indians, and that the contracting parties should guarantee the integrity of their territories by a mutual stipulation not to acquire, by purchase or otherwise, any territory within the specified limits." When the American commissioners absolutely refused this, the British replied that, "The American government has now for the first time, in effect, declared that all Indian nations within its limits of demarcation are its subjects, living there upon sufferance on lands which it also claims the exclusive right of acquiring, thereby menacing the final extinction of those nations. against such a system the undersigned must formally protest."

The Americans showed that the right complained of was asserted in the Treaty of Greenville. But the United States was compelled to accept the ultimatum of England, which was embodied in the treaty, viz.: a promise to "put an end immediately after the ratification of the present treaty, to hostilities with all the tribes or nations of Indians with whom they may be at war at the time of such ratification, and forthwith to restore to such tribes or nations respectively, all the possessions, rights and privileges which they may have enjoyed or been entitled to, in 1811, previous to such hostilities.".




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