GALLOWAY
2II. UCHTRED (FERGUS 1) See CARRICK
m. GUNNILD, d. of Waldeve of Allerdale (SeeDUNBAR)
murdered 22 Sept. 1174
Uchtred was usually described as 'Uchtred, son of Fergus' as he was not lord
of the whole of Galloway, but shared the
province with his brother Gilbert. He appears as a witness to royal charters
both before and after the death of his father who was obliged to send him to
the Scottish court as a hostage after the insurrection was surpressed. Uchtred
was also a benefator of the church and founded the nunnery at Lincluden and
gifted various churches to Holyrood and Homcultram abbeys.(1) He
also granted some land in Troqueer to the hospital of St. Peter of York
c.1160.(2)
Uchtred remained a peaceful subject until 1174 when he and his followers
when with King William on his march into England. The capture of King
William tempted Uchtred and Gilbert to make a break for independence. Upon
their return home they expelled the King's officers from their territories and
slew all foreigners without mercy, seized all the royal castles and then
petitioned the King of England that he would 'take them from the authority of
the King of Scots, and govern them himself'. But the brothers quarrelled and
Gilbert and his son Malcolm attacked Uchtred on 22 Sept. 1174 where he was
mutilated, blinded, castrated and murdered at his house on Loch Fergus.(3)
Issue-
· I. Lochlan- d.c.1164
· 3II. ROLAND-
m. EVA MORVILLE
· III. son- killed 30 Sept. 1185 in a
battle with Gillecolm Mareschal
· IV. Fergus-
Ref:
(1) Reg. Epis. Glasguensis- 15; Reg. Prior Saint Andree- 198;
Reg. de Calchou
(2) Cal. Doc. Scot.- II, 1606; Reg. of Wetherall- No. 94
(3) Hoveden- II, 63
"The Scottish Nation"- William Anderson, A. Fullarton & Co.,
Edinburgh, 1880
The Scots Peerage- Vol. IV, pp 136-8
3II. ROLAND (FERGUS 1, UCHTRED 2)
m. EVA MORVILLE (d. 11 June 1217)
d. 19 Dec. 1200 Northampton
bur. Abbey of St. Andrew, Northampton
Roland or Lochlann appears in the charter of Annandale
granted by King William the Lion with his father and uncle c.1166.(1)
He was at court in 1180 when he was one of the judges who decided a dispute
between the monks of Melrose
and Richard Morville, his father-in-law.
He obviously resented his father's murder, but appears to have bided his
time until after his uncle's death when he rapidly collected a large force and
swept over Galloway devastating the territory,
killing the richer and more powerful residents, and seizing their lands where
he built forts. He also did good service to King William by attacking and
cutting short the careers of more than one marauder. Henry II, however, was not
pleased and marched with a large force to Carlisle
while Roland prepared for invasion by fortifying his estates. War was avoided
and Roland was persuaded to meet the two Kings at Carlisle.
As terms of the treaty Roland gave his three sons as hostages for his good
behaviour while King William assigned that part of Galloway called Carrick to
Roland's counsin Duncan, Gilbert's son, which he accepted renouncing all claims
to any rights his father had in Galloway proper.(2)
In 1187 Roland lead a force against the northern freebooter Donald
MacWilliam, alias Donald Bane and defeated him at the Battle of Mam Garvia. He
also presided in a court at Lanark, where the judges of Galloway decided in
favor of the King's right to enforce payment in that territory.(3)
He is named as Justiciar and also as Constable between 1189 and 1198.(4)
Roland founded the Abbey of Glenluce in 1190.
Glenluce
Abbey from Francis Grose's The Antiquities of Scotland 1797
Roland accompanied the King to Lincoln
where on 22 Nov. 1200 King William the Lion swore fealty to King John for his
English fiefs. After the ceremony Roland went to Northampton to inquire into his wife's
property and died there 19 Dec. and was buried in the Abbey of St. Andrew
there.
By his marriage to Eva he became Lord High Constable of Scotland and
Lord of Cunningham for which he paid a duty of 700 marks to King William the
Lion.
Issue-
· 4I. ALAN-
m.1. _____ de Lacy, 2. MARGARET, daughter of David, Earl
of Huntingdon, 3. ?, d. 1234
· II. Thomas- m. Isabella, Countess of
Athol
· III. son- probably d.s.p.
· IV. Ada- m. 1233 to Walter Bisset of Aboyne
Ref:
(1) Cal. Doc. Scot.- I, No. 105
(2) Benedictus Abbas- I, 339, 347, 349
(3) Acta Parl. Scot.- I, 378
(4) Ibid- I, 95; Liber de Melros- I, 18; Reg. de Soltre- 7
"The Scottish Nation"- William Anderson, A. Fullarton & Co.,
Edinburgh, 1880
The Lordship of Galloway- Richard Oram, Edinburgh, 2000
The Scots Peerage- Vol. IV, p.138-9
4I. ALAN (FERGUS
1, UCHTRED 2, ROLAND
3)
m.1. ?d. of Reginald, Lord of the Isles 2. 1209 MARGARET, daughter of
David, Earl of Huntingdon (See CRINAN)
3. 1228 Rohese de Lacy, d. of Hugh de Lacy (d.s.p.)
d. 1234
bur. Abbey of Dundrennan
Alan is first named in 1196 in connection with lands at Teinford, Northampton which he
apparently held independently of his father.(1) After his
father's death he appears constantly as a witness in the royal charters. He and
his mother had in 1212 an action relating to Whissendine and Bosegate in
Northamptonshire, as to whether Richard de Morville was seised in 1174 and
whether he was dispossessed in consequence of the war in that year. The latest
act of Alan's father was to offer 500 merks to obtain an assize to settle the
question, but it was only determined on 29 Apr. 1212 when a jury found that
Richard was so seised and then dis-seised. Later Alan and his mother were
called to pay into the treasury.(2) In right of his mother Alan
inherited the Lordship of Lauderdale. In the lordship of Melrose
are the lands of Threepwood which were granted by Alan, Constable of Scotland, to the monks of Melrose between 1177 and 1204.(7)
In July 1212 partly as kinsman, and also as a Scottish baron holding large
fiefs in England, Alan was
asked by King John for the invasion of Ireland. The King asked if he would
send as soon as possible to Chester
1,000 of his best and most active Galwegians before Sunday 19 Aug. For this
King John granted him in 1213 a large number of fiefs in Ireland, which
were assigned to him or his agents by John, Bishop of Norwich, in a formal
assembly at Carrickfergus. To these were added the rights of forest and
privileges of fairs and markets. The grants were repeated and confirmed again
on 27 June 1215. This was a few days after granting at Runnymede of the Magna
Carta, Alan of Galloway being named among those present as one of the great
barons of England.
It's not known what part Alan played in the war which followed or whether he
sided with the English barons who opposed King John or with the King of Scots,
but the destruction of the monastery of Homcoltram is assigned to the ravages
of the Galwegians who followed Alexander II in his invasion of England.(3)
Alan seems to have maintained an ambiguous relationship with both England and
Scotland and acted as an independant king when he could or as a vassal when it
suited his purposes. His considerable navy let him supply fleets and armies to
aid King John on his campaigns in France
as well as Ireland.
Carlisle Castle
Soon after his accession to the throne, Henry III summoned King Alexander
and Alan of Galloway to deliver up the Castle
of Carlisle and in the beginning of
1219 Alan had a safe-conduct to do homage for his lands in England which had been taken into
King Henry's hands. Alan was at York on 15 June 1220 and swore to observe King
Alexander's oath that he would marry Joanna, the eldest sister of King Henry
and in obedience to a letter from Henry he made his own personal homage at the
same time.(4) The following day his lands were restored to him,
including his Irish estates. Later he was in active service with his galleys
cruising off the coast of Ireland in opposition to Hugh de Lacy who was in
rebellion. Lacy submitted to King Henry in 1224 and in the following year Alan
was permitted to lease his lands in Ireland and place tenants on them.
In 1228 Alan invaded the Isle of Man and fought a naval battle with Norway in
support of Reginald, Prince of Man who was at war with his brother Olaf, for
possession of the island. In Oct. 1229 he was summoned to go abroad with King
Henry. He had a permit in 1232 to send a ship to Ireland to buy victuals.(5)
Alan's Lordship was divided among his three daughters. However, the
Galwegians objected to the partition of Alan's dominions among the three
daughters and petitioned the King to make Thomas, though illegitimate, their
overlord, as being more in accordance with their laws. King Alexander II
refused to do this and an insurrection took place but was soon suppressed.
Thomas fled to Ireland
and returned with an army recruited there to try and renew the contest but was
persuaded to submit to the King of Scots. He was imprisoned for a time and then
released. Later, this son Thomas was kept in retirement or captivity, perhaps
by the Baliols, and survived to great age. In 1296 he was moved from one
custody to another by order of Edward I who in his name issued a declaration
that he had granted to the Galwegians all their liberties and customs as these
were held in the time of David I and of the late Alan of Galloway.(6)
Issue- first two children by his first wife, next three by Margaret
· I. Elena- m. Roger de Quincy, Earl of
Winchester, Lord of Cunningham, Constable of Scotland (d. 25 Apr. 1264)
· II. ______- d. before 13 June 1213 as a
hostage to the King of England
· 5III.
DEVORGILLA- m. 1233 JOHN De BALIOL(d.
1269), d. 28 Jan. 1289/90, bur. Sweetheart Abbey, Galloway
· III. Christina- m. 1236 William de
Fortibus, Earl of Albemarle, d.s.p. 1245
· IV. Thomas- d.s.p.
· V. Thomas- m. d. of the King of Man,
d.c.1296
Ref:
(1) Cal. Doc. Scot.- I, Nos. 236, 243
(2) Ibid- Nos. 294, 513, 560
(3) Cal. Doc. Scot.- I, Nos. 529, 533, 573, 583, 625; Chron. de
Mailros- 123
(4) Cal. Doc. Scot.- I, Nos. 673, 718, 762
(5) Cal. Doc. Scot.- I. Nos. 763, 764, 890, 905, 1050, 1148
(6) Ibid- II, Nos. 728, 729
(7) The Records of the Regality of Melrose- Charles
Romanes, Scottish Historical Society, Edinburgh, 1917- Vol. III, p. xli
"The Scottish Nation"- William Anderson, A. Fullarton & Co.,
Edinburgh, 1880
The Scots Peerage- Vol. IV, pp.139-42
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