HOUSE of CRINAN
1. DUNCAN-
killed 965
Duncan was
Abthane of Dule, abbot of Dunkeld and Governor of Strathclyde. The Annals of
Ulster record that "Donnchad the abbot of Dun Caillen" was killed in
965 in "a battle between the men of Scotland themselves".(1)
Issue-
· 2I. DUNCAN-
Ref:
(1) Annals of Ulster- 965.4, p. 405
2I. DUNCAN (DUNCAN
1)
Duncan was
mormaer of Atholl and Abthane of Dule.
Issue-
· 3I. CRINAN- b.c.975, m.c.1005 BETHOC,
d. 1045
3I. CRINAN(DUNCAN 1,
DUNCAN 2)
b.c.975
m.c.1005 BETHOC/BEATRIX, daughter of King Malcolm (see MACALPIN)
d. 1045
Crinan was the hereditary lay-abbot of Dunkeld and Seneschal of the Isles. His
parentage is not certainly known but, his grandfather was probably Duncan,
abbot of Dunkeld who was killed in 965 and his mother or grandmother may have
been a daughter of one of the last Kings of the Isles.(1)
Dunkeld
Abbey
In early times celibacy of the clergy was unknown and down to the
reformation the dignity of a mitred abbot was equal to that of a bishop.
Crinan held the territory called the "Abthania de Dul" part of which
is now the parish of Dull in Atholl.
It is possible that Crinan was King Malcolm's minister of state as was usual
for churchmen who alone were educated.
Crinan married King Malcolm's daughter Bethoc as given in the
"Genealogy of King William the Lyon"
from 1175. It lists "Betoch filii Malcolmi" as the mother of
"Malcolmi filii Dunecani".(4) The Chronicle of the
Scots and Picts from 1177 gives "Cran Abbatis de Dunkelden et Bethok filia
Malcolm mac Kynnet" as the parents of King Duncan.(5) John
of Fordun states that King Malcolm had "an only daughter…Beatrice who
married Crynyne Abthane of Dul and Steward of the Isles…in some annals, by a
blunder of the writer…abbot of Dul"(6)
Five years after Duncan
was killed Crinan was killed in battle in an attempt to avenge his son's death
and to obtain the restoration of the throne to his grandchildren. The Annals of
Ulster record that "Crónán abbot of Dún Caillen" was killed in 1045
in "a battle between the Scots themselves".(2) The
Annals of Tigernach record that “Crínan abbot of Dunkeld” was killed during “a
battle between the men of Scotland on one road”(3)
Issue-
· 2I. DUNCAN-
· 3II. MALDRED- b.c.1002, m.c.1024
EALDGYTH (see DUNBAR)
Ref:
(1) "The Scots Peerage"- Vol.III, pp.239-40
(2) Annals of Ulster- 1045.6, p. 484
(3) Annals of Tigernach- Vol. II, p. 277
(4) Skene- Vol. XXI, Genealogy of King William the Lyon- p. 144
(5) Ibidi- Vol. XXIII, Chronicle of the Scots and Picts 1177- p.
152
(6) John of Fordun- Book IV, XXXVIII, p. 173
"The Scottish Nation"- William Anderson, A. Fullarton & Co.,
Edinburgh, 1880
2I. DUNCAN (CRINAN
1)
m. SIBYLLA, cousin of Siward, Jarl of Northumberland(3)
killed in battle near Elgin or Burghead 14 Aug.
1040
bur. Iona
Duncan
succeeded as King of Strathclyde in 1018. Upon the accession of Duncan as King of
Scotland in 1034 there were only five districts left to the Scots in the north.
A considerable part of the territories of the northern Picts also remained
unconquered by the Norwegians. During Duncan's
reign the Scots enjoyed tranquility. The Annales Dunelmenses
states that in 1039 he beseiged Durham without
success.(1) In 1039 Duncan
took advantage of Thorfinn, Earl of Orkney's absence to recover some of the
territories of the Scots which were taken by the Norwegians. He advanced as far
as Moray without any resistance, but the Gaelic people never admitted to his right
to the throne even though he was a chieftan of their own district. In 1040
under Macbeth the Maormor of Moray they attacked Duncan
at Bothgowanan near Elgin,
defeated and killed him.(2) Macbeth seized the crown which he
claimed in right of his cousin Malcolm. Duncan's
sons left the country with Malcolm Canmore taking refuge in Northumberland and
Donald Bane in the Hebrides. The story of Duncan's assassination in
Shakspeare's "Macbeth" seems to have been an invention of Hector
Boece.
Issue-
· 4I. MALCOLM-
b.c.1024, m.1. c.1060 INGIOBORGE (m.1. Thorfinn, Jarl of Orkney), 2. c.1070 St. MARGARET of Scotland (d. 16
Nov. 1093), killed at Alnwick, 13 Nov. 1093
· 5II. DONALD
BANE-
Ref:
(1) Annales Dunelmenses 1039- MGH SS XIX, p. 508
(2) Mariani Scotti Chronicon 1040- MGH SS V, p. 557; Annals of
Ulster- 1040.5, p. 480; Annals of Tigernach-Vol. II, p. 271; John of Fordun-
Book IV, XLIV, p. 180; Skene- XXIII, Chronicle of the Scots and Picts 1177, p.
152
(3) John of Fordun- Book VI, XLIV, p. 179
"The Scottish Nation"- William Anderson, A. Fullarton & Co.,
Edinburgh, 1880
4I. MALCOLM (CRINAN
1, DUNCAN 2)
b.c.1024
m.1. c.1060 INGIOBORGE, d. of Earl Finn Arnason (m.1. Thorfinn
Sigurdson, Earl of Orkney (d.c.1060))
2. c.1070 St. MARGARETd. of Edward the Exile
(d. 16 Nov. 1093 Edinburgh Castle, bur. Dunfermline, moved to El Escorial,
Madrid, her head bur. at the Jesuit College, Douai)
killed at battle of Alnwick, 13 Nov. 1093
bur. Tynemouth, then moved to Dunfermline Abbey and then to the Escorial,
Madrid
When Malcolm's father Duncan was murdered by
Macbeth in 1039 Malcolm "Ceann Mor" or "Big Head" fled to Cumberland and his brother Donald Bane went to the Hebrides. At the accession of Edward the Confessor in
1043 Malcolm Canmore became a resident at the English Court while his followers tried
to defeat Macbeth. During one of these attempts Malcolm's grandfather Crinan,
Abbot of Dunkeld was killed in 1045. In 1054 Malcolm obtained the assistance of
the English army and marched into Scotland led by Earl Siward.
Macbeth lost the battle and fled north leaving Lothian in Siward's possession.
In 1056 another English army was sent to Malcolm's aid. Thorfinn, Earl of
Orkney sailed with his troops south, but were destroyed by a storm. Macbeth now
deprived of Thorfinn's help could not withstand the attack and was driven north
to Lumphanan in Aberdeenshire where he was killed 5 Dec. 1056. His step-son
Lulach tried to take the crown, but was defeated and killed at the battle of
Essie in Strathbogie 25 Apr. 1057. Malcolm was soon after crowned at Scone and in 1059 visited Edward the Confessor. He was
also a friend of Tostig, Earl of Northumberland brother of King Harold, but a
dispute arose and in 1061 Malcolm invaded Northumberland. Upon Thorfinn's death
in 1059 the Norwegian Kingdom in Scotland fell to pieces. Malcolm
married Thorfinn's widow, but this did not advance his cause in the north. The
Chiefs formerly in subjection to the Norwegians refused to acknowlege his
sovereignty and chose Donald, Maormor of Moray as King. It took Malcolm more
than 20 years to conquer the northern districts. The Saxon Chronicle states
that in 1077 he defeated Maolsnechtan, Maormar of Moray, son of Lulach and in
1085 he killed both of his rivals.
Two years after the battle of Hastings Edgar Atheling, grandson of Edmund
Ironside and heir of the Saxon line, with his mother, Princess Agatha and his
two sisters Margaret and Christina arrived in Scotland
and were received by Malcolm at his Royal
Tower at Pittencrieff near Dunfermline, Fifeshire. He soon after married Margaret
who improved the rude character of the Scottish court. Malcolm had much
admiration for her worth and piety and being unable to read he was in the habit
of kissing her prayer books which he had bound with gold and precious stones.
She encouraged trade with foreign countries and introduced the wearing of
tartan. She increased the number of Royal servants and made sure the King's
public appearances were accompanied by more ceremony than before. Malcolm
placed her in charge of religious matters and anxious for the reformation of
the church she held frequent conferences with the clergy. She made them
celebrate Lent during the proper season, restored the celebration of the Lord's
supper and made them keep the Sabbath sacred with previously had been scarcely
distinguishable from any other day of the week. Margaret was canonised in 1250
and her feast day in Scotland
is Nov. 16th.
St.
Margaret
In Sept. 1069 Malcolm, the Danes, Edgar Atheling and the Northumberland
nobles led by Gospatrick invaded England
and took the castle at York.
King William however gave Gospatrick the Earldom of Northumberland and he
bribed Osberne the Danish commander so Edgar and Malcolm did not have a large
enough army to continue the advance so they returned to Scotland.
In 1070 Malcolm invaded Cumberland, destroyed
Teesdale, defeated the English at Hinderskell and advanced into Cleveland destroying everything in sight returning to Scotland with
many prisoners. In 1072 William invaded Scotland and a treaty was made at
Abernethy where he did homage to William the Conqueror thus abandoning the
cause of Edgar Atheling. Edgar received a large pension from William and went
to live in Rouen, Normandy. Malcolm's son Duncan was one of
the hostages and lived many years at the English court.
Malcolm received many exiles from England and thereby strengthened
his power. Even Gospatrick returned to Scotland. In 1079 while William was
in Normandy Malcolm invaded Northumberland again and to stop these attacks
William built the fortress at Newcastle.
The
Castle at Newcastle
At the request of Queen Margaret the Abbey of Dunfermline was founded.
Dunfermline Abbey
Due to the fact that King William Rufus had been witholding Malcolm's lands
in England, he advanced as
far as Chester
in May 1091, but retreated upon the approach of a superior English army and did
fealty to the English king after a peace was negotiated. William invaded Scotland, but a
treaty was signed without a battle being fought. In 1092 William Rufus began to
fortify Carlisle, but Malcolm objected and a meeting took place at Gloucester 24 Aug. 1093.
Malcolm was so insulted by William at this meeting that he invaded
Northumberland again and laid seige to Alnwick castle, but on 13 Nov. 1093 he
was surprised by Robert de Moubray and his army and Malcolm and his oldest son
were killed. Malcolm's son Edgar escaped and returned to Edinburgh where his mother was dying. She
asked: "How fares it with your father and your brother Edward?" Edgar
was silent. "I know all" she said, "I adjure you beg this holy
cross and by your filial affection that you tell me the truth." He said:
"your husband and your son are both slain". She then replied:
"Praise and blessing be to thee, Almighty God that thou hast been pleased
to make me endure so bitter anguish in the hour of my departure, thereby as I
trust to purify me in some measure from the corruption of my sins. And thou
Lord Jesus Christ who through the will of the Father hast enlivened the world
by thy death, O deliver me!" and she died.(1)
Alnwick Castle
Issue- first two children by Ingioborge, last eight by Margaret.
· 6I. DUNCAN-
b.c.1060, m. Etheldreda of Dunbar, d. 12 Nov. 1094
· II. Donald- killed in battle 1085
· III. Edward- d. 16 Nov. 1093 battle of
Edwards Ilse near Jedburgh
· IV. Edmund- d. Montague, Somersetshire.
Edmund was Prince of Cumbria and afterwards a monk.William of Malmesbury states
that "Edmund was the only degenerate son of Margaret" and
"Partook in his uncle Donald's crime and ... had been accessory to his
brother's death and was doomed to perpetual imprisonment... on his near
approach of death, ordered himself to be buried in his chains".(2)
· V. Ethelred- d. before 1107, bur. Kilrimont.
Earl of Fife, Abbot of Dunkeld.
· VI. Edgar- d.s.p. 8 Jan. 1106/7 Edinburgh Castle. Succeeded in 1097 as King of Scotland.
· VII. Alexander- m. Sybilla, illegitimate
daughter of Henry I of England
(12 July 1122 Loch Tay), d. 23 Apr. 1124 Stirling, bur. Dunfermline.
Alexander "the Fierce" was King of Scotland
· 7VIII. DAVID-
b.c.1080, m.c.1113/4 MATILDA of Huntingdon (m.1. Simon de St. Liz, d.
after 1147), d. 24 May 1153 Carlisle, bur. Dunfermline
· 21 IX. MATILDA- m. 11 Nov. 1100 HENRY
I, King of England, d. 1 May
1118- See NORMANDY
· X. Mary- m. 1102 Eustace, Count of Boulogne, d. 31 May 1116,
bur. Bermondsey Priory
Ref:
(1) Florentii Wigornensis Monachi Chronicon- p. 32; Annals of Ulster,
1093.5- p. 529
(2) William of Malmesbury- ch. 400, p. 349
"The Scottish Nation"- William Anderson, A. Fullarton & Co.,
Edinburgh, 1880
"The Scots Peerage"- Vol. 1, pp.1-2
"Sketches"- General Stewart of Garth- Vol. I, p.20
6I. DUNCAN (CRINAN
1, DUNCAN 2, MALCOLM
3)
b.c.1060
m. Ethelreda of Dunbar (m.2. Waltheof)
d. 12 Nov. 1094 Monthechin
bur. Dunfermline Abbey
Historians have generally considered Duncan to have been an illegitimate son
of Malcolm, but according to the Orkneyinga Saga it seems that his father
married Ingioborge and therefore was by Saxon law heir to the throne.(1)
Celtic law, however, preferred brothers to sons therefore his uncle Donald Bane
was considered to have a right to the throne upon Malcolm's death in 1093.
In 1072 Duncan was a hostage at the court of
William the Conqueror to keep peace with England. He was kept in Normandy and Robert "Curthose", Duke of Normandy
released him after his father's death in Sept. 1087, knighted him and allowed
him to leave Normandy.(2) Duncan
was knighted by William Rufus and was retained in his service. Duncan
invaded Scotland
with an army of English and Norman knights in 1094, expelled Donald Bane and
made himself King. The Celts considered Duncan an usurper so in an effort to
win their support he told the English and Normans to leave the Kingdom. His
half brother Edmund entered into a conspiracy with Donald Bane and the English,
and Duncan was
assasinated by Malpedir, Maormor of Moern after a reign of six months. Donald
Bane again became King and Edmund was put in prison by the King to avoid
fulfilling his part of the compact which was to give Edmund part of the
Kingdom.(3)
A charter granted by Duncan
to the monks of St. Cuthbert is said to be the oldest Scottish charter in
existence. At the beginning of it he calls himself "Dunccanus filius Regis
Malcolumb, constans hereditarie Rex Scotie."
Issue- first child by Ethelreda.
· I. William- m. Alice, daughter of Robert de Rumely. William
was the father of the "Boy of Egremont", claimant to the throne.
· ?22II. MAELMUIRE- d. after 1135
Ref:
(1) "Orkneyinga Saga"- translation by Hermann
Palsson & Paul Edwards, Penguin Books, Ltd., Harmondsworth, Middlesex,
1981, chapter 33
(2) Annals of Ulster, 1072.8- p. 510; Florentii Wigomensis
Monachi Chronicon- p. 21
(3) Annals of Ulster, 1094.7- p. 530; Florentii Wigomensis
Monachi Chronicon- p. 35; Skene- XXIX, Chronicle of the Picts and Scots 1251-
p. 175; John of Fordun- Book V, XXIV, p. 213
"The Scottish Nation"- William Anderson, A. Fullarton & Co.,
Edinburgh, 1880
"The Scots Peerage"- Vol. 1, pp.2-3
"Highlanders of Scotland"- Skene, Vol.I, p.126
"Diplomata"- Anderson, No. IV
22II. MAELMUIRE (CRINAN 1, DUNCAN 2, MALCOLM 3, DUNCAN 4)
d. after 1135
The Complete Peerage states that Maelmuire was the son of King
Duncan, however, no primary source for this has been identified. The only
reference to Maelmuire is an undated charted of King David granting protection
to the clerics of Deer which was witnessed by "Donchado comite de Fib et Malmori
d'Athotla et Ggillebrite comite d'Engus et Ghgillcomded Mac Aed". From the
names given it is unlikely that this charter dates any earlier than 1135 which
makes the timing off for him to be either the son of Duncan or the father of Maddad. (1)
Issue-
· ?8I. MADDAD- m.1. ?, 2. c.1133
Margaret of Orkney (m.2. Erland Ungi (killed 1156)) Ref:
(1) Early Scottish Charter- CCXXIV, p. 181
The Complete Peerage- Vol. I, p. 304
8II. MADDAD(CRINAN
1, DUNCAN 2, MALCOLM 3, DUNCAN 4, MAELMUIRE 5)
m.1. ?
2. c.1133 Margaret of Orkney (m.2. Erland Ungi (killed 1156)), d. of Hakon
Paulsson, Jarl of Orkney
At the end of David I's reign Maddad was granted the Earldom of Athole
either because the exclusion of that family from the throne could not deprive
them of the original property of the family to which they were entitled or as a
compensation for the loss of the crown.
Maddad's parentage is suspect as the timing is off. He was a witness to a
charter of King Alexander to Scone Abbey from c.1115. He also witnessed
charters dated 1120, 1128, 1130 and 1135.(1)
Issue- first child by first wife, second child by Margaret.
· 9I. MALCOLM-
· Harald- b.c.1134, d. 1206. Harald was Jarl of
Orkney.
Ref:
(1) Early Scottish Charters- XXXVI, p. 28; LXXIV, p. 61; XCIV,
p. 76; CI, p. 80; Liber Ecclesier de Scon, Munimenta vetustiora Monasterii
Sancte Trinitatis et Sancti Michaelis de Scon- I, p. 1
"The Scottish Nation"- William Anderson, A. Fullarton & Co., Edinburgh, 1880
"Highlanders of Scotland"-
Skene, Vol.II, p.139
9I. MALCOLM (CRINAN 1, DUNCAN 2,
MALCOLM 3, DUNCAN 4, MALCOLM 5)
m.1. ?
2. Hextilda of Tynedale (m.1. Richard Comyn)
Malcolm, 3rd Earl of Athol gave the monks of Scone the church of Logen Mabed
with the four chapels and to the abbey of Dunfermline the tithes of the church of Moulin which was witnessed by "H
filio meo"(1). He also made a donation to the priory of St.
Andrews of the patronage of the church
of Dull.(2)
Issue-children by first wife
· 10I. HENRY-
d.c.1210
· II. Duncan-
d. after 1179
Ref:
(1) Bannatyne Club- Liber Cartarum Abbatiæ Benedictine S. S.
Trinitatis et B. Margarete Regine de Dunfermelyn - Edinburgh, 1842, - 147, p. 85.
(2) St. Andrew's Priory- pp. 220, 245
"The Scottish Nation"- William Anderson, A. Fullarton & Co.,
Edinburgh, 1880
10I. HENRY (CRINAN 1, DUNCAN 2,
MALCOLM 3, DUNCAN 4, MALCOLM 5, MALCOLM 6)
m. MARGARET ______
Henry succeeded his father as Earl of Atholl in 1190. He confirmed the
donation of the church
of Dul to St. Andrew's
priory by an undated charter witnessed by "Comitissa Margareta sponsa mea,
Alexandro de Setona, Malisio judice, Colino nepote meo"(1)
Church
of Dull
d.c.1210
Issue-
· I. Isabel- m.1. before Jan. 1211 Thomas of Galloway (d. 1231), 2. Alan de Lundin
· 12II.
FERNELITH- m. before 1242 DAVID de HASTINGS,
d. before 1254
Ref:
(1) St. Andrew's Priory- pp. 232, 246
"The Scottish Nation"- William Anderson, A. Fullarton & Co.,
Edinburgh, 1880
7VIII. DAVID (CRINAN 1, DUNCAN 2,
MALCOLM 3)
b.c.1080
m.c.1113/4 MATILDA (m.1. Simon St. Liz, d. after 1147), daughter of
Waltheof, Earl of Huntingdon and Judith de Lens (Boulogne)
d. 24 May 1153 Carlisle (5)
bur. Dunfermline
After the death of his father his uncle Donald Bane usurped the throne and
David and his brothers Edgar and Alexander went to England and lived with their
maternal uncle Edgar Atheling. David remained in Cambria
even after his brother Edgar had ascended the throne and probably stayed there
until the end of his brother Alexander's reign. By his marriage to Matilda,
David acquired a large amount of land in Cumbria
and received the Province from his brother Edgar at his death in Jan. 1107 as a
fief under England.
David ruled Cumbria
as an independant prince all through Alexander's reign making his home at
Selkirk. He founded the abbey at Selkirk by charter in 1120.(2)
In 1116 David appointed several people to inquire about the lands belonging to
the See of Glasgow. Upon his brother's death 27 Apr. 1124 David succeeded to
the throne and introduced the feudal system of government to the northern part
of the Kingdom and abolished Tanistry. He remained on friendly terms with his
brother-in- law Henry I whose court he frequently visited. King David founded
many religious houses including the monasteries of Kelso c.1120 (3)
and Holyrood in 1128. For the canons of Holyrood he built a mill in a place
which became Canonmills and granted them the right to build a burgh between the
abbey and the town of Edinburgh
which became Canongate. David also founded the abbeys of Melrose, Newbattle, Cambushkenneth, Dryburgh,
Kinloss and Jedburgh, the priory of Lesmahago and the Cisterian convent of
Berwick. During his reign a royal invitation was sent to the Anglo- Normans,
Northumbrians, Flemings and Bretons to settle in the kingdom.(1)
Upon Henry I's death in 1135 the throne was usurped by his nephew Stephen,
Earl of Boulogne. David raised an army to support the rights of his neice
Matilda and attached Cumberland and Northumberland and met Stephen at Durham
where a treaty was signed and all occupied towns were returned and Stephen
ceded Huntingdom castle and the Earldom of Huntingdon as well as lands in
Doncaster to David's son Henry.(4) Stephen also promised to
examine Prince Henry's claim to the Earldom of Northumberland who claimed it as
grandson and heir of Waltheof. The peace was short lived and David invaded
Northumberland while King Stephen was in Normandy,
but was talked into a truce by the Archbishop of York. Stephen on his return
rejected David's demands and David again invaded Northumberland and burned all
the towns, villages and churches. Stephen then pursued the Scots as far as
Roxburgh and David again invaded the south and destroyed Norham castle. David
continued southward joined his nephew William who had ravaged Lancashire.
David met Stephen at the battle of the Standard at Cutton Moor near
Northallerton on 11 Aug. 1138 and the Scottish army was destroyed. After
regaining his army David destroyed Wark castle. By the beginning of 1139 a
peace was concluded and the Earldom of Northumberland was granted to Prince
Henry. The Highlanders did not like the idea of hereditary succession to the
throne to the exclusion of Tanistry and many outbreaks occured. In 1130 Angus,
Earl of Moray invaded Forfar, but he was killed and his army destroyed. In 1141
Wimond, Bishop of the Isle of Man and supposed
son of Angus, Earl of Moray along with his father-in-law Somerled, Thane of
Argyle invaded the Scottish coast. David was forced to make a treaty with him
and grantend the monk some lands, but he was soon after mutilated by his
followers and his eyes put out. David imprisoned him in Roxburgh castle and
then sent him to the abbey of Byland in Yorkshire
where he died. After King Stephen's defeat and capture at Lincoln Feb. 1140
David went to London to give Queen Matilda advice, but while with her at
Winchester castle the castle was captured by Stephen's brother, the Bishop of
Winchester and he barely escaped with his neice. Prince Henry remained in
possession of Northumberland which was confirmed by Queen Matilda's son Henry
II when he was knighted at Carlisle 22 May
1149. His son Henry died before him and at David's death in 1153 his grandson
Malcolm became King of Scots.
Issue-
· I. Malcolm-
strangled by Donald Bane as a child, age 2. "cruelly murdered by the iron
fingers of a certain wretched clerk"(6).
· II. Claricia- d.s.p.
· III. Hodierna- d.s.p.
· 13IV. HENRY-
m. 1139 ADA,
daughter of the Earl of Warenne (d. 1178), d. 12 June 1152, bur. Kelso
Ref:
(1) "Royal Highness"- Sir Ian Moncrieffe, p.23
(2) Early Scottish Charters- XXXV, p. 26
(3) Kelso charters- Tome I, 1, p. 3
(4) The Complete Peerage- Vol. VI, p. 641
(5) Chronique de Robert de Torigny, 1153- p. 274;
Skene- XXIX, Chronicle of the Picts and Scots, 1251- p. 175
(6) Orderic Vitalis- Vol. IV, book VIII, p. 275
"The Scottish Nation"- William Anderson, A. Fullarton & Co., Edinburgh, 1880
"The Scots Peerage"- Vol. 1, pp.3-4
13IV. HENRY (CRINAN 1, DUNCAN 2,
MALCOLM 3, DAVID 4)
m. 1139 ADELA (d. 1178 (2) ), daughter of William, Earl of Warenne & Surrey and Isabelle de Vermandois
d. 12 June 1152
bur. Kelso Abbey
Prince Henry who was described as one of the most virtuous and accomplished
princes of the age died before his father. He succeeded to the Earldom of
Huntingdon in Feb. 1136 upon his father's resignation of the earldom and was
created Earl of Northumberland in 1139 by King Stephen as part of the peace
settlement which followed the Battle
of the Standard.
Henry died the year prior to his father. Ada
made donations to the Priory at St. Andrews
for his soul and for lighting the church for his soul.(1)
Issue-
· I. Malcolm- b. 20
Mar. 1141/2, d.s.p. 9 Dec. 1165 Jedburgh, bur. Dunfermline
Abbey. Malcolm "the Maiden" was King of Scots from 1153 until his
death.
· 14II. WILLIAM-
b.c.1143, m. 5 Sept. 1186 Woodstock, Ermengarde
de Bellomonte (d. 11 Feb. 1233/4, bur. Balmerino), d. 4 Dec. 1214 Stirling, bur. Arbroath
· 15III. DAVID-
b.c.1144, m. 26 Aug. 1190 MAUD of Chester,
d. 17 June 1219 Jerdelay
· IV. Ada- m.
1161 Florent III, Count of Holland (d. 1 Aug.
1190 Tyre), d.
after 1205, bur. Middlebury Monastery
· V. Margaret- m.1. 1160 Conan IV, Duke of
Brittany, Earl of Richmond,
2. Humphrey de Bohun, Earl of Hereford, 3. either conde don Pedro Manrique de
Lara, Vicomte de Norbonne or William FitzPatrick of Greenlaw
· VI. Matilda- d.s.p. 1152
· VII. Marjory- ?m. William or John de Lindsay
(m.2. Alienora de Limesay, d.c.1200)
· 20VIII. ______- m. GILCHRIST (3)
OGILVIE
Ref:
(1) Bannatyne Club - Liber Cartarum Prioratus Sancti Andree in
Scotia - Edinburgh, 1841- p. 207; St Andrew´s Priory- pp. 209, 247
(2) Chronicle of Melrose, 1178- p. 20
"The Scottish Nation"- William Anderson, A. Fullarton & Co., Edinburgh, 1880
"The Scots Peerage"- Vol. 1, pp.4-5
14II. WILLIAM (CRINAN 1, DUNCAN 2,
MALCOLM 3, DAVID 4, HENRY 5)
b.c.1143
m. 5 Sept. 1186 Woodstock Palace, Oxford, Ermengarde, daughter of Richard, Vicecomes
de Bellomonte (d. 11 Feb. 1233/4, bur. Abbey of St. Edward of Balmurinath)
mistress ______- d. of Robert Avenell
mistress ______- d. of Adam de Hythus
d. 4 Dec. 1214 Stirling
bur. Arbroath Abbey
William succeeded his father as Earl of Northumberland in 1152. William
"the Lion" succeeded his brother to the Scottish throne and as Earl
of Huntingdon in 1165. His first priority was to go to the English court to try
to get Henry II to restore Northumberland which had been relinquished by Malcolm.
After finding all the negociations fruitless he sent ambassadors to France in 1168
and concluded a treaty with the French against the English. In 1172 William
joined with Richard the Lion Hearted against the King who promised to restore
to him the Earldom of Northumberland and to give his brother David the Earldom
of Cambridge. William invaded England
and attacked Carlisle, Northumberland and
Leicestershire. He was attacked by surprise by 400 Yorkshire cavalry dressed as
Scots and was defeated and captured at Alnwick 12 July 1174 and sent to Richmond castle. William
was taken in chains to Northampton where Henry
ordered him to be sent to Falaise castle in Normandy.
William was released later in 1174 only after agreeing to pay homage to
Henry for all his possessions and to give the English the castles of Roxburgh,
Berwick, Jedburgh, Edinburgh and Stirling. Twenty barons including his brother David were
retained as hostages. In 1175 William paid homage to Henry at York. In 1188 the Bishop of Durham was sent
to Scotland
to receive a contribution for the Holy War in exchange for the return of
Roxburgh and Berwick castles. The clergy and barons refused.
After Henry's death in 1189 Richard the Lion Hearted returned all the
confiscated property to William in the hopes of maintaining peace while he went
on the Crusade. William in return gave Richard 10,000 marks and Scotland was again an independant Kingdom.
William remained a faithful ally and when Richard was imprisoned by the
Emperor of Germany on his return from Palestine,
William sent an army to assist the Regency against his brother John who had
taken over the throne.
After Richard's death William demanded that King John return the three
northern counties, but he refused. In 1209 their armies assembled on the border,
but the barons interceeded and a treaty was signed.
King William granted Royal Burgh status to the city of Perth in 1210. The charter has recently been
restored in honor of Perth's
800th birthday.
Grave
of William the Lion at Arbroath Abbey
Issue- first four children by Ermengarde
· I. Alexander- b. 24 Aug. 1198 Haddington,
m.1. 19 June 1221 Princess Joan of England (d. 4 Mar. 1237/8 York,
bur. Tarrant Keynstan, Dorset), 2. 15 May 1239 Maria de Coucy (m.2. Prince Jean
de Brienne of Jerusalem,
bur. Newbottle), d. 8 July 1249 Kerrera, bur. Melrose Abbey
· II. Margaret- m. 1221 Hubert de Burgh,
Justiciar of England and Ireland
(d. 12 May 1243, bur. Black Friars, London), d.
1259, bur. Black Friars, London
· III. Isabella- m. Roger Bigod, Earl of Norfolk, d.s.p. after 1253, bur. Black Friars, London
· IV. Marjory- m. 1 Aug. 1235 Berwick, Gilbert,
Earl of Pembroke (d. 27 June 1241 Hertford Priory, bur. New Temple Church,
London), d.s.p. 17 Nov. 1244, bur. Church
of the Preaching Friars, London
· V. Robert de London-
· VI. Henry Galightly-
· VII. Isabella- m.1. 1183 Robert de Brus, 2.
1191 Robert de Ros (d. before 23 Dec. 1226)
· 16VIII. ADA-
m. 1184 PATRICK De DUNBAR (d. 31 Dec. 1232,
bur. Eccles, Berwick), d. 1200
· IX. Margaret- m. 1193 Roxburgh, Eustace de
Vesci (killed Barnard
Castle Aug. 1216)
· X. Aufrica- m. William de Say (d. before 1
Jan. 1199)
· ?XI. Alexander- d.s.p. 1229, a monk at Fusny
· ?XII. Matilda- d.s.p. 1220, a nun at Lappion
Ref:
"The Scottish Nation"- William Anderson, A. Fullarton & Co., Edinburgh, 1880
"The Scots Peerage"- Vol. 1, pp.5-6
15III. DAVID (CRINAN 1, DUNCAN 2,
MALCOLM 3, DAVID 4, HENRY 5)
b.c.1144
m. 26 Aug. 1190 MAUD, daughter of Hugh de Kevilloc, Earl of Chester and Bertrade de
Montfort
d. 17 June 1219 Jerdelay
David was the Earl of Huntingdon and Chester.
David led a rebellion in England
in 1174. He received Garioch in Aberdeenshire from his brother in 1174. He was
Earl of Huntingdon in 1185 upon the resignation of his brother King William the
Lion. David founded Lindores Abbey for the souls of his father and mother by
charter dated before 1203.(1) Lindores is probably most famous as
the earliest record of Scotch whisky is from a 1494 commission from James IV to
Friar John Cor of Lindores Abbey to make aquavitae.
Lindores
Abbey
David was deprived of all his English titles in 1215, but these were
restored 13 Mar. 1218.(2)
David was probably married before his marriage to Maud as the charter for
Lindores Abbey refers to the donation of his daughter Ada was was already married at the time and
therefore considerably older than Maud's children. Some have suggested that she
was illegitimate, however, that is unlikely as he named her after his mother.
Issue- first two children by first wife, next eight children by Maud,
last four by mistresses.
· I. Ada- m. Malise, son of Earl Ferteth of
Strathearn
· II. David- d. after 1200
· III. Robert- d.s.p., bur. Lindores
· II. Henry- d.s.p., bur. Lindores. Henry's
father offered 1,000 merks for his marriage to Maud de Cauz in 1203, however,
the marriage did not take place.
· III. John- m. 1220 Helen of Wales (m.2.
before 5 Dec. 1237 Robert de Quincy), d.s.p. 5 June 1237, bur. St. Werburg
Abbey, Chester
· 17IV.
MARGARET- m. 1209 ALAN De GALLOWAY
(m.1. d. of Hugh de Lacy, d. 1234)
· 18V. ISABELLA-
m. ROBERT De BRUS (d. 1245, bur. Guisburn Abbey)
· VI. Ada- m.
before 7 June 1237 Henry de Hastynges of Ashill, Norfolk
· Matilda- d.s.p.
· William-
· Wakelin-
· VII. Henry of Stirling-
d.s.p.
· VIII. Henry of Brechin- m. Juliana de
Cornhill
Ref:
(1) Chartulary of the Abbey of Lindores- J. Dowden, Ed.,
Publications of the Scottish History Society, Edinburgh- Vol. XLII (1903), II,
p. 2; III, p. 7
(2) The Complete Peerage- Vol. VI, p. 647
"The Scottish Nation"- William Anderson, A. Fullarton & Co., Edinburgh, 1880
"The Scots Peerage"- Vol. 1, p.4
5II. DONALD BANE (CRINAN 1,
DUNCAN 2)
d. 1099 Rescobie, Forfarshire
bur. Dunkeld Abbey, later moved to Iona
Donald was the Maormor of Gowrie and gave the lands of Liff and Invergowrie
to his nephew Alexander. Upon Macbeth's usurpation Malcolm fled to Cumberland and Donald
took refuge in the Isles where he was well received. After his brother's death
in 1093 Donald, with the help of the Celts, took possession of the throne.
According to Florence of Worcester he threw out all the English from the
Scottish court. In 1094 Malcolm's son Duncan overthrew him with the help of the
English and Normans and became King for a year before he was murdered in 1095
by Malpedir, thane of Moern.(1) Malcolm's other children took
refuge in England under the protection of their uncle Edgar. After Duncan's death Donald
returned from exile and again became King, but was again overthrown in 1098 by
an army of English, Saxons and Normans led by Edgar and was taken prisoner.
William of Malmesbury states that he was "dispatched by the contrivance of
David, the youngest brother and the power of [King] William [II]".(2)
He spent the rest of his life in a dungeon and had his eyes put out.(3)
Issue-
· 19I. BETHOC-
m.c.1085 HUCTRED De TYNEDALE
Ref:
(1) Florence of Worcester, 1093- p. 196; Early Scottish
Charters- Vol. XIII, p. 11; Annals of Inisfallen, 1094.4- p. 249
(2) William of Malmesbury, The Kings before the Norman
Conquest- Rev. J. Sharpe, Seeleys, London 1854- p. 349
(3) Skene- XXIX, Chronicle of the Picts and Scots 1251- p. 175
"The Scottish Nation"- William Anderson, A. Fullarton & Co., Edinburgh, 1880
"The Scots Peerage"- Vol. 1, pp.2-3
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