1903 Index

History of Iowa From the Earliest Times To The Beginning of the Twentieth Century
Volume IV, Iowa Biography, B. F. Gue, 1903.

G

Unless otherwise noted, biographies submitted by Becke Dawson.

WASHINGTON GALLAND was born June 20, 1827, near Nauvoo, Illinois. He grew to manhood among the half-breed Indians and early pioneers of the Mississippi valley, hunting, fishing and boating. He was a pupil of Berryman Jennings who taught the first school in Iowa in a rude log cabin. He acquired a good education in later years and in 1856 entered the law office of Rankin and Miller and was admitted to practice in 1859. In 1863 he was elected to the Legislature from Lee County where he had settled. When but nineteen years of age he enlisted with a Missouri cavalry regiment in the Mexican War, serving until its close. When the Civil War began Mr. Galland raised a company for the Sixth Iowa Infantry of which he was commissioned captain. He was taken prisoner at the Battle of Shiloh and was released after seven months. He has been a prominent member of the Pioneer Lawmakers' Association, to which he has contributed valuable papers.

WILLIAM H. GALLUP is one of the veteran journalists of Iowa. He was born in Schoharie County, New York, in May, 1840, and attended the public schools and a seminary, teaching school several years. He entered the Poughkeepsie Law School in 1859 from which he graduated and was admitted to the bar of Newburg. In May, 1861, Mr. Gallup came to Iowa, locating at Marshalltown where he practiced law a short time when he purchased the MARSHALLTOWN TIMES and entered upon his long career of journalism which continued with few interruptions for more than a third of a century. During the exciting times when General Grant was closing the coils around Vicksburg, so anxious were the people for news that Mr. Gallup issued the TIMES daily, which was the first daily paper issued on the line of the Northwestern Railroad between Chicago and Council Bluffs. In December, 1864, Mr. Gallup removed to Boonsboro and established the BOONE STANDARD. In 1870 he became the publisher of the Nevada REPRESENTATIVE. He was an active Republican and in 1875 he was elected to the State Senate, serving through the Sixteenth and Seventeenth General Assemblies. He was the author of a law authorizing townships and incorporated towns to vote taxes to aid in building railroads. In 1887 Mr. Gallup purchased the PERRY CHIEF in Dallas County and after five years sold the paper and, returning to Boone County, bought an interest in the Republican paper, in 1896 becoming the sole owner. In 1899 he established the MONTHLY REVIEW AND ADVERTISER.

HAMLIN GARLAND, poet and novelist, was born at West Salem, Wisconsin, September 16, 1860. His parents removed to Iowa when he was a child and his early education was acquired in the district schools of Mitchell County. He attended the Cedar Valley Seminary at Osage, where he graduated in 1881. When not in school he worked on the farm and later taught school in Illinois. He took a claim in Dakota, where he remained but a short time, when he went to Boston and began to write stories which at once attracted attention. In 1893 he returned to the west, making his home in Chicago. Mr. Garland is a writer whose articles and stories have appeared in the leading magazines of the country. He has also published a number of strong stories in book form. The first which brought him into general notice, and which, in the opinion of his Iowa friends, he has not surpassed in ‘Main Travel Roads,' a vivid picture of the West as he knew it immediately after the war. Mr. Garland has also written a series of tales of Iowa political life, among them the ‘Spoil of Office,' ‘Rose of Dutchess Coolie' and the ‘Captain of the Gray Horse Troop' are his latest stories. Mr. Garland has also written a number of poems which have appeared under the title of ‘Prairie Songs.'

JOHN A. GARRETT, a native of Carlisle, Sullivan County, Indiana, was born on the 15 th of November, 1824. He was a graduate of Hanover College and of the Indiana University. During the War with Mexico he enlisted as a private in the Fourth Indiana Infantry and was in the army of General Scott which captured the City of Mexico. In the fall of 1857 Mr. Garrett came to Iowa stopping for a time in Des Moines and at Leon. In 1859 he became a resident of Newton in Jasper County where he was engaged in mercantile pursuits. When the Civil War began he enlisted in the military service; in August, 1861, he recruited a company which was incorporated with the Tenth Iowa Infantry of which he was appointed captain. He took part in several engagements, where he distinguished himself and in August, 1862, was promoted to lieutenant-colonel of the Twenty-second Iowa Infantry. Soon after he was commissioned colonel of the Fortieth Infantry and commanded that regiment in the campaign against Little Rock and in the Battle of Jenkin's Ferry, remaining in command to the close of the war.

CONDUCE H. GATCH was born near Milford, Ohio, July 25, 1825. He grew to manhood on his father's farm attending the common schools during winters and laboring on the farm through the working season. After becoming of age he took a regular course in Augusta College, Kentucky, and then studied law at Xenia, Ohio, where he was admitted to the bar. He settled at Kenton where he was chosen prosecuting attorney and later member of the State Senate. Mr. Gatch was a delegate to the first National Republican Convention which nominated General John C. Fremont for President. At the beginning of the Rebellion Mr. Gatch raised a company for the Thirty-third Ohio Infantry of which he was commissioned captain. He participated in several battles and was promoted to lieutenant-colonel of the regiment. He removed to Iowa in 1866, entering upon the practice of law. In 1885 he was elected to the Iowa Senate, where he served eight years. He was the author of many important laws among which was the one founding the Historical Department of Iowa and a general law promoting the organization of public libraries in towns and cities. He was the author of a history of the Des Moines River Land Grant and the legislation and litigation following, published in the ANNALS OF IOWA. He died at his home on the 1 st of July, 1897.

JOHN H. GEAR, tenth Governor of Iowa, was born at Ithaca, New York, on the 7 th of April, 1825. He had no educational advantages in his youth but acquired, unaided, his knowledge of books. The country about Ithaca was at that time a wilderness and the father and mother lived in a rude log cabin, surrounded by Onondaga Indians. In 1836 the family removed to Galena, Illinois, then a frontier post in the Indian country, where lead mining was the principal attraction and business. Two years later the father, having been appointed chaplain in the regular army, took his family to Fort Snelling, a frontier military post in the wilds of Minnesota. Always on the extreme frontier, enduring hardships and privations, none of the advantages of civilization, but with the lessons of economy and self-reliance fully learned. In the fall of 1843, young Gear descended the Mississippi River and on the 25 th of September landed at the new town of Burlington on the Iowa side which was ever after his home. Here for the first time the young man worked for himself, first on a farm, then as clerk in a store. In 1845 he secured a position in a store and at the end of five years was made a partner and five years later was able to purchase the store. In 1863 Mr. Gear was chosen mayor of the city and in 1871 was elected by the Republicans to the House of the Fourteenth General Assembly. He was reelected at the close of his first term and nominated by the Republicans of the House of Representatives for Speaker. The members were equally divided politically and for two weeks neither were able to elect, but on the one hundred forty-fourth ballot Mr. Gear was elected. He was an able and eminently fair presiding officer, was reelected and again chosen Speaker. In 1877 he was nominated for Governor of the State by the Republicans and elected. He at once brought to the service of the State that executive ability which had led him to success in every undertaking of his self-reliant life. He made himself thoroughly familiar with every department and public institution of the State, suggesting numerous reforms in the methods of conducting business. At the close of his term he was reelected by an increased majority. In 1886 he was elected to the National House of Representatives and in two years was reelected, serving on the committee on ways and means. He was defeated at the next election but was appointed by President Harrison Assistant Secretary of the Treasury and resigned to take his seat in the Fifty-third Congress to which he was elected. Governor Gear was a delegate in the Republican National Convention of 1892 which renominated Harrison and in 1896, which nominated McKinley. In the summer of 1893, he became a candidate for a seat in the United States Senate. Among his competitors were W. P. Hepburn, John F. Lacey, George D. Perkins, then members of Congress, A. B. Cummins and John Y. Stone, prominent lawyers and L. S. Coffin, a well-known farmer. The contest was animated but Governor Gear was nominated by the Republican caucus of the General Assembly and elected for six years from the 4 th of March, 1895. He was a prominent member of the Senate committee on Pacific Railroads, where he was largely influential in securing to the Government the payment of the bonds issued in 1862-3 to aid in the construction of the subsidized roads. In the winter of 1900, a powerful effort was made to nominate A. B. Cummins of Des Moines, to succeed Governor Gear in the Senate. The contest was waged with great vigor and determination but the host of old friends of the popular Senator, who was serving his first term, rallied to his support and secured his reelection. While in Washington serving out his first term Senator Gear died suddenly, on the 14 th of July, 1901. His death was sincerely mourned by the people of the entire State, regardless of party.

JAMES L. GEDDES was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, on the 19 th of March, 1827. He graduated at the British Military Academy at Calcutta, India, and served in the British army for seven years. He was awarded a medal for gallant service. In 1857 he settled on a farm in Benton County, Iowa. In August, 1861, he raised a company of volunteers for the Eighth Iowa Infantry of which he was chose captain. When the regiment was organized he was commissioned lieutenant-colonel and in February, 1862 was promoted to colonel. At the Battle of Shiloh Colonel Geddes greatly distinguished himself and his regiment was handled with skill that won the admiration and warm commendation of the commanding General. In the Mobile campaign Colonel Geddes commanded a brigade and won additional honors in the battle which resulted in the capture of the Spanish Fort. He was promoted to Brigadier-General. In 1870 General Geddes was chosen cashier and steward of the State Agricultural College and in 1871 he was appointed professor of Military Tactics and Engineering and a few years later became vice-president of the college and treasurer of the institution. He was an exceedingly valuable officer of the college but was removed by a majority of a board of the trustees unfriendly to him, from the positions he had long filled with marked ability. His removal aroused a storm of indignation among the students, his associates on the faculty and the people of the State generally which soon resulted in his restoration to a number of the positions from which he had been displaced.

JAMES L. GILBERT was born in Kentucky in 1824 and removed to Iowa in 1852, making his home at Lansing, Allamakee County, where he was a commission merchant when the Civil War began. In August, 1862, he was appointed colonel of the Twenty-seventh Regiment of Iowa Volunteer Infantry. He distinguished himself in the capture of Fort De Russey on the Red River, leading his regiment in a most gallant charge which captured the works. After the Battle of Nashville he was promoted to Brigadier-General for distinguished services and before the close of the war was brevetted Major-General.

GILBERT S. GILBERTSON is a native of Spring Grove, Minnesota, where he was born October 17, 1863. His education was completed at a business college in Janesville, Wisconsin, and in the spring of 1879 he removed to Worth County, Iowa. Aside from farming his first employment was bookkeeping in an implement house in Forest City. In 1889 he was elected clerk of the District Court of Winnebago County in which office he was continued by reelections until 1896 when he resigned to become a member of the State Senate from the Forty-first District. Mr. Gilbertson became a financier early in the nineties organizing a number of banks and loan companies. He was also owner and publisher of the WINNEBAGO SUMMIT of Forest City. For ten years he was treasurer of the city and was seven years a member of the school board, and chairman of the Republican county committee. In 1900 he was nominated and elected State Treasurer and was reelected in 1902.

EDWARD H. GILLETTE was the son of Francis Gillette, United States Senator from Connecticut and Free Soil candidate for Governor in antislavery times. Edward H. was born October 1, 1840, in Bloomfield, Connecticut, and received his education at Hartford High School and at the New York Agricultural College. After coming to Iowa he engaged in stock farming near Des Moines and became a leader in the Greenback party and in 1878 was nominated for Representative in Congress by that party in the Seventh District. He was elected, serving one term. For several years he was associated with General James B. Weaver in the publication of the FARMERS' TRIBUNE at Des Moines, the central organ of the Populist party of Iowa. He was one of the earnest advocates of the principles of that party and one of its eloquent public speakers. In 1879 he was chairman of the State Central Committee of the Union Labor party and in 1893 was the candidate of the People's party for Secretary of State.

CHARLES C. GILMAN was a native of the State of Maine, where he was born on the 22d of February, 1833. He attended an academy at Winterport where he prepared for college and entered the sophomore class of what is now Colby University and studied medicine with his father who was an eminent physician. In 1857 he came to Iowa, stopping at Dubuque, where he became largely engaged in the wholesale lumber trade. When the Civil War began he was active in raising four companies for the service, cooperating with his friend, Francis J. Herron, who became one of the most brilliant officers from Iowa as the war progressed. In 1858, when the Dubuque & Sioux City Railroad was pushing its line westward, Mr. Gilman established the town of Earlville by erecting twenty-eight buildings for residences and business. During the years 1860-61 he built elevators at Monticello, Marion and Cedar Falls, besides buying water power and erecting flouring mills. In 1864 he wrote articles for the newspapers urging the improvement of the rapids in the Mississippi River at Davenport and Keokuk, in which he had the cooperation of the ST. LOUIS TIMES, ten conducted by Stilson Hutchins, the CHICAGO JOURNAL, then edited by Frank Gilbert, both formerly Iowa editors, the Dubuque, Davenport, Burlington and Keokuk papers. This movement resulted in the holding of conventions which brought about action of Congress making appropriations for the work that was finally accomplished. In 1866 Mr. Gilman made the first soundings of the Mississippi River at Dubuque for the railroad bridge which was later built. In 1867 he organized a company for the construction of a railroad from Ackley via Eldora to Marshalltown, which finally resulted in the building of the Central Railroad of Iowa, the first north and south line in the State. From 1867 to 1872 Mr. Gilman devoted his energies to this enterprise as president and superintendent of the construction company.

JOSIAH GIVEN was born in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, on the 31 st of August, 1828. He obtained his education in the district schools. When the War with Mexico began he enlisted as a drummer and a few months later became a private soldier in the Fourth Ohio Infantry and served to the close of the war. Upon returning home he began the study of law with J. R. Barcroft and an older brother at Millersburg. He was admitted to the bar in 1850 and the following year was chosen Prosecuting Attorney. Later he was admitted into partnership with J. R. Barcroft and at the beginning of the War of the Rebellion, raised a company of which he was chosen captain and entered the service in the Twenty-fourth Ohio Infantry. He was promoted to lieutenant-colonel of the regiment and in 1863 was appointed colonel of the Seventy-fourth Ohio Infantry. After the war he was elected postmaster of the National House of Representatives, serving two years. In May, 1868, he removed to Iowa, settling in Des Moines where he resumed the practice of law. In January, 1872, he became District Attorney of the Fifth District, serving three years. At the close of his term he entered into partnership with J. R. Barcroft in the practice of his profession. In November, 1886, he was elected judge of the Seventh Judicial District, serving until March 12, 1889, when he was appointed judge of the Supreme Court by Governor Larrabee to fill a vacancy occasioned by the resignation of Judge J. R. Reed. He was twice reelected, serving as Associate Judge and Chief Justice until December 31, 1901. Judge Given has always been a popular public speaker at soldiers' gatherings and has long been a prominent member of the Grand Army of the Republic. He was a Democrat in early life but became a Republican upon the organization of that party.

WELKER GIVEN was born at Millersburg, Ohio, on the 18 th of May, 1853, and is the son of Judge Josiah Given. He received a thorough education in Ohio and Iowa, as his father and family emigrated to the latter State in 1868. He served as private secretary to Governor Sherman and was, for several years, editor of the PEORIA DAILY TRANSCRIPT and for a long time an editorial writer on the CHICAGO TRIBUNE. He became one of the proprietors and editor of the MARSHALLTOWN TIMES, in which he first suggested the ‘Mulct Liquor Law' which was enacted by the Republicans upon the abandonment of prohibition. He has long been an accomplished writer and is the author of the ‘Tariff Riddle.' He is widely known as a Shakespearean scholar and recently published a work called ‘A Study of Othello.'

SAMUEL L. GLASGOW was born in Adams County, Ohio, on the 17 th of September, 1838. He was educated at South Salem Academy and in the fall of 1856 came to Iowa and first located at Oskaloosa where he was admitted to the bar in 1858. He soon after removed to Corydon where he opened a law office. In July, 1861, he assisted in raising Company I, of the Fourth Iowa Volunteer Infantry and was chosen first lieutenant. In 1862 he was promoted to lieutenant-colonel of the Twenty-third Regiment. Upon the death of Colonel Kinsman he was promoted to the command of the regiment, making an excellent officer and before the close of the war attained the rank of brevet Brigadier-General. Upon his return home he was elected on the Republican ticket Representative in the Eleventh General Assembly. In 1867 he was appointed United States Consul to Havre, France, where he remained several years. In 1872 he was sent to Glasgow, Scotland, as United States Consul.

GEORGE L. GODFREY was born on the 4 th of November, 1833, in Orleans County, Vermont. In the fall of 1855, he came to Iowa, stopping at Dubuque, where he engaged in school teaching, and in 1859 took up his permanent residence in Des Moines. He began his law studies with Judge C. C. Cole and was admitted to the bar just before the War of the Rebellion began. In May, 1861, he enlisted in Company D, of the famous Second Iowa Volunteer Infantry and in December was promoted to second lieutenant and in June, 1862, became first lieutenant and adjutant of the regiment. He served with distinction in the great battles of Fort Donelson and Shiloh, and marching to Corinth with Grant's army he bore a conspicuous part in the two days' desperate battle in that famous town, having two horses shot under him. When the First Alabama Cavalry was organized from Union men Captain Godfrey was commissioned major, in 1863, and was soon after promoted to lieutenant-colonel. In this regiment he served with distinction in Sherman 's famous march to the sea. At the close of the war he was mustered out with his regiment at Huntsville, Alabama. Before his return to Iowa Colonel Godfrey was elected a member of the House of the Eleventh General Assembly on the Republican ticket. In the spring of 1866 he completed his law course at the State University at Iowa City and began the practice of his profession. He served as city solicitor and assistant United States District Attorney for several years. In 1876 he was one of the presidential electors chosen by the Republicans. In 1870 he was appointed receiver of the United States Land Office at Des Moines. In 1882, upon the creation of the Utah Commission, Colonel Godfrey was appointed a member. The object of the Commission was the suppression of polygamy in the Territory. The Commission consisted of five members appointed by the President, was non-partisan and had supervision of all elections. The membership was changes from time to time, with the exception of Colonel Godfrey who served during three administrations and was for four years president of the Commission. When the Commission was established to superintend the erection of monuments on the battle-field of Shiloh, Governor Shaw appointed Colonel Godfrey one of the members. In 1903 he was appointed surveyor of the port of Des Moines.

STEWART GOODRELL was a native of Pennsylvania, born in 1813. He was a mechanic and in 1842 came to the new Territory of Iowa, making his home in Washington County. He became an active Whig politician and in the spring of 1846 was chosen a member of the Second Constitutional Convention which assembled at Iowa City on the 4 th of May and framed the Constitution under which Iowa was on the 28 th of December following admitted as a State. He was, in August of the same year, elected to the House of Representatives of the First General Assembly where he helped to frame the first code of laws for the new State. He served also in an extra session which was held in January, 1848, was reelected and served through the Second General Assembly. On the 3d of March, 1856, he was appointed one of the commissioners to locate the capital of the State at Des Moines. Here he purchased property and soon removed to that city. When the Republican party was organized in Iowa he became a member and in the fall of 1859, was again elected to the House of the Eighth General Assembly. In 1869 he was appointed United States Pension Agent for the Des Moines district and died in November, 1872.

JOSEPH R. GORRELL was born in Trumbull County, Ohio, May 6, 1835. He attended medical lectures at the University of Pennsylvania and at Buffalo, New York, where he graduated in 1859. The doctor was a surgeon in the One Hundred Twenty-ninth Indiana Volunteers in the Civil War, and later held the same position in the Thirtieth Regiment. In 1865, Dr. Gorrell came to Iowa, locating at Newton where he resumed the practice of medicine. In 1892 he was a delegate to the Republican National Convention at Minneapolis and was a warm supporter of Blaine for President. In 1893, Dr. Gorrell was elected to the State Senate on the Republican ticket and served in the Twenty-fifth and Twenty-sixth General Assemblies. He was a radical advocate of free silver in the presidential campaign of 1896, and upon the expiration of his first term in the Senate, was nominated by the opposition to the Republican party and elected to a second term.

JAMES O. GOWER was born at Abbott, in the State of Maine, on the 30 th of May, 1834. In 1839 he came with his father to Iowa City which became his home. He was educated at Knox College, Illinois, and at the Kentucky Military Institute. He then engaged in the banking business with his father at Iowa City. In June, 1861, he enlisted Company F for the First Iowa Cavalry and received a commission as captain. In September he was promoted to major of the Second Battalion and on the 26 th of August, 1862, he became colonel of the regiment. During the latter part of his military services Colonel Gower was in command of a brigade. He was an able and accomplished officer.

HARVEY GRAHAM was born in the State of Pennsylvania in the year 1827 and came to Iowa many years before the War of the Rebellion. He was a mill-wright by trade and lived at Iowa City. In the spring of 1861 he was chosen first lieutenant of Company B of the First Iowa Infantry and was in command of the company at the Battle of Wilson's Creek where he was wounded. Upon the organization of the Twenty-second Iowa Infantry he was appointed major of the regiment and soon after was promoted to the rank of lieutenant-colonel. In May, 1864, he became colonel and took command of the regiment, serving with gallantry in Sheridan 's campaign in the Shenandoah Valley. He remained in the service to the close of the war.

BARLOW GRANGER, the founder of the first newspaper in Des Moines, is a native of the State of New York. He was born in Tioga County, May 31, 1816, and when twelve years of age his father removed to Rochester where the son entered the printing office of the CORTLAND ADVOCATE. Young Granger worked at his trade in New York, New Haven, Cleveland and Detroit. He finally went to Albany and was for a long time engaged on State work, where he made the acquaintance of the famous New York politicians and statesmen in the days of Martin Van Buren, Thurlow Weed and Horace Greeley. Later he went south and accepted a position on the CHARLESTON COURIER. In 1847 he came West, obtaining a position on the ST. LOUIS REPUBLICAN. In 1848 he came to Iowa and, having studied law in New York, he began to practice in Des Moines, also carrying on real estate business. Finding no newspaper in the place he, at the urgent request of Judge Bates, purchased a printing outfit at Iowa City and transporting it by wagon to Des Moines issued the first number of the IOWA STAR in July, 1849, using for a printing office a double log cabin on the banks of the Raccoon River, formerly one of the fort buildings. He served on the staff of Governor Hempstead, with the rank of colonel from 1850 to 1854, when he was elected Prosecuting Attorney. In 1855 he was elected county judge; and has been mayor of Des Moines.

CHARLES T. GRANGER was born in Monroe County, New York, on the 9 th of October, 1835. His parents removed to Waukegan, Illinois, while he was a child, where he received his education. He was reared on a farm and as he reached manhood decided to study law. In 1854 he came to Iowa stopping in Allamakee County where he pursued his law studies, teaching school winters. In 1860 he was admitted to the bar and entered upon the practice in the town of Mitchell, Mitchell County. In August, 1862, he was elected captain of Company K, of the Twenty-seventh Iowa Volunteer Infantry, serving for three years. He was in the battles of Yellow Bayou, Tupelo, Nashville and Mobile, doing excellent service. Upon retiring from the army he located at Waukon, Allamakee County. He was elected District Attorney in 1869, serving four years, when he was elected judge of the Circuit Court and served in that position until January, 1887, when he was chosen judge of the District Court, serving until January, 1889. He was elevated to the position of Judge of the Supreme Court, and was Chief Justice in 1894 and 1895 and Associate Judge until January, 1901. In 1874 he was the Republican candidate for Congress in the Third District but failed of election. Judge Granger has been a Republican since the organization of that party.

JAMES GRANT was born in Halifax County, North Carolina, on the 12 th of December, 1812. He was prepared to enter college at fourteen years of age and graduated at eighteen. After teaching in Raleigh for three years he went west and in 1834 opened a law office in Chicago. He was soon after appointed Prosecuting Attorney of the Sixth District and in 1838 removed to Davenport, settling on a farm near the little village. In 1841 he was chosen to represent Scott County in the Legislative Assembly. In 1844 he was elected a delegate to the first Constitutional Convention and took an active part in framing the Constitution, which was rejected. In 1840 he was a member of the second convention and was the author of the ‘bill of rights' in that instrument under which Iowa became a State. In 1847 he was elected judge of the District Court, serving five years. In 1852 he was again elected to the Legislature and chosen Speaker of the House. When a young man he began to acquire a law library and continued to add to it through mature life until he had secured the largest and best selected collection of law books in the West. He became one of the great lawyers of the country and was employed in some of the most important land and bond cases in the West. In one railroad case he won for his clients a million dollars and received for his services $100,000. In politics he was a life-long Democrat.

JULIUS K. GRAVES was born in Keene, New Hampshire, September 29, 1837. He received a common school education and at the age of seventeen came to Iowa, becoming a resident of Dubuque in 1854. He secured a position as cashier in a bank and in 1858 had risen to the head of the prosperous banking house of J. K. Graves & Co. It became a branch of the Iowa State Bank, with Mr. Graves as manager. He engaged largely in other business enterprises among which was railroad building. He was one of the loyal capitalists who in the beginning of the Rebellion volunteered to raise the money required by Governor Kirkwood to equip and pay the first volunteers put into the field. He was one of the active promoters of the Dubuque & Sioux City Railroad. He was a radical Republican, living in a strong Democratic county but when a candidate for the State Senate in 1881 he overcame an adverse majority of nearly 3,000 and was elected. He died at Dubuque on the 9 th of December, 1898.

GEORGE GREENE was a native of England, having been born in Staffordshire on the 15 th of April, 1817. His father came to America when the son was but two years old, locating in western New York. George Greene received a good education and studied law in Buffalo. In the spring of 1838 he went to the new Territory of Iowa, first stopping in Davenport, where he made the acquaintance of Professor D. J. Owen, who was engaged in making a geological survey of Iowa and Wisconsin. After working on the survey for six months he taught school at Ivanhoe, Linn County. He was admitted to the bar in 1840 and began to practice law in Marion. The same year he was elected a member of the Council of the Third Legislative Assembly, serving two sessions. In 1845 Mr. Green removed to Dubuque and soon after became editor of the MINERS' EXPRESS, which he conducted about three years. In 1847 he was appointed by the Governor one of the Supreme Judges of the State, serving until 1855, with marked ability. During his term he reported the decisions of the court which were published in four volumes and known as ‘Greene's Reports.' In 1851 Judge Greene removed to Cedar Rapids where he engaged in banking and was one of the most active citizens in promoting manufactures, education and railroad building. He was largely instrumental in securing the construction of the Chicago & Northwestern and the Burlington, Cedar Rapids & Northern railroads through Cedar Rapids. In politics he was a Democrat until 1872, when he became a Republican.

JAMES W. GRIMES, third Governor of Iowa, was born at Deering, New Hampshire, October 20, 1816. At the age of sixteen he entered Dartmouth College where he graduated and began the study of law. In 1836 he came to the ‘Black Hawk Purchase,' stopping at Burlington. He served as secretary to Governor Henry Dodge in September at a council held with the Sac and Fox Indians at Rock Island, in which these tribes ceded to the United States a tract of land on the Iowa and Missouri rivers. In 1837 Mr. Grimes was admitted to the bar and was soon after appointed city solicitor. He entered into partnership with W. W. Chapman, then United States District Attorney for Wisconsin Territory. When the Territory of Iowa was established in 1838, Mr. Grimes was elected a member of the House of the First Legislative Assembly at the age of twenty-two. He was appointed chairman of the judiciary committee and was one of the leaders in a conflict which the majority had with Governor Lucas over the respective powers of the executive and legislative branches of the Territorial government. He was the Whig candidate for member of the Council of the Third Legislative Assembly but was defeated. In 1843 he was again elected a member of the House. In 1852 he was elected to the House of the Fourth General Assembly and was the recognized leader of the Whig minority. He took an active interest in the improvement of the school system, the encouragement of railroad building, the promotion of temperance and opposition to the extension of slavery. In 1853 he helped to establish the first agricultural journal in the State and was one of its editors. It was named THE IOWA FARMER AND HORTICULTURIST and was published monthly at Burlington by Morgan McKenny. Mr. Grimes had attained such prominence in the State that in 1854 he was nominated by the Whigs for Governor. His well-known antislavery views rendered him acceptable to all who were opposed to the extension of that institution. That issue was then becoming intense and while many conservative Whigs united with the Democrats, all classes who favored ‘free soil' united in the support of Grimes and he was elected. It was the first defeat for the Democrats since Iowa was organized into a Territory. In January, 1856, Governor Grimes wrote the call for the convention which, at Iowa City on the 22d of February, founded the Republican party of Iowa. After serving as Governor for the term of four years, Grimes was chosen United States Senator by the Seventh General Assembly. He became one of the leading members of that body and as a member of the naval committee was a power in sustaining the administration of Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War. He was one of the earliest advocates of the employment of slaves in the Union armies and of their emancipation. As chairman of the committee on the District of Columbia, in July, 1861, he secured the release from jail of all slaves held by their masters. In 1864 Senator Grimes was reelected. After the overthrow of the Rebellion, Senator Grimes, as a member of the joint committee on reconstruction was one of the number who devised the terms upon which the union of the States was restored. He was largely instrumental in securing the National Arsenal on Rock Island and the construction of the canal for steamers around the Des Moines Rapids of the Mississippi River. On the trial of President Johnson in the impeachment proceedings, Senator Grimes rose above party clamor and, actuated by the highest considerations as a judge, voted ‘not guilty.' Such was the clamor of Republicans for conviction that the great Senator was assailed with a storm of rage and abuse of the most malignant character, by his own party. Conscious of his own rectitude, he bore the reproaches with unshaken fortitude. He would not become a party to revolutionary methods of removing the Chief Executive of the Nation at the demand of his political friends. When the storm of rage and disappointment had passed and reason returned, the country realized that his courageous act in that momentous crisis was the noblest and most heroic of his official deeds. He was stricken with paralysis and made a journey to Europe hoping to restore his shattered health; but failing in that, resigned his seat in the Senate and returned home where he died on the 7 th of February, 1872. Benton J. Hall, a life-long political opponent, said of him in the State Senate:

‘Perhaps no other man had the opportunity, or used it with the avail that Senator Grimes did to form and mould the State and its institutions. He was one of the living men in the Territorial legislation and early State history. Afterwards we find the same master mind moulding the affairs of the National Government. I doubt whether any Senator ever impressed himself in a greater degree upon the Government in all directions. Whether in regard to the navy, or army, or foreign relations, he made himself master of the subject, and left his impress upon almost every page of the history of the Nation.'

The veteran Congressman George W. Julian wrote of Senator Grimes, after his death:]

‘I was one of the many men whose partisan exasperation carried them headlong into the impeachment movement, in which the heroic conduct of Senator Grimes has been so gloriously vindicated by time; and no man is more ready than myself to do honor to the brave men who faced the wrath and scorn of their party in 1868.'

JOSIAH B. GRINNELL was born in New Haven, Vermont, in 1822. He received a liberal education, graduating at Oneida College, New York. He then took the course in theology at Auburn and became a Congregational minister, preaching several years at Washington and New York City. In the winter of 1853 he projected a colony to settle in the West and in May, 1854, went to Iowa City with members of the colony to procure wild lands. He selected several thousand acres in Poweshiek County which were entered and the town of Grinnell laid out. A college was projected which in time was realized in Iowa College. Mr. Grinnell helped to organize a Congregational church and was its first minister. In 1856 he began his political career by acting as a delegate to the convention which organized the Republican party of Iowa. In the fall of that year he was the Republican candidate for State Senator from the district consisting of the counties of Poweshiek, Jasper, Marshall and Tama. He was elected, serving four years. In 1860 he was a delegate to the Republican National Convention which nominated Abraham Lincoln for President. In 1862 Mr. Grinnell was elected to Congress from the Fourth District and in 1864 was reelected, serving four years. He was at one time a prominent candidate for nomination for Governor and later for United States Senator, but without success. In 1872 Mr. Grinnell united with the ‘Liberal Republicans' and Democrats in supporting Horace Greeley for President as against General Grant. He was one of the promoters of the Central Railroad of Iowa and the first president of that company. Mr. Grinnell was an enthusiastic worker for the development of his adopted State and the city which bore his name, as well as the college he had helped to establish.

BENJAMIN F. GUE, submitted by Dick Barton

(Condensed from "The Progressive Men of Iowa.")

BENJAMIN F. GUE was born in Greene County, New York, on the 25th of December, 1828. His education was acquired in the public schools, with two terms in academies of Canandaigua and West Bloomfield. He taught school in the winter of 1851 and early in March, 1852, came to Iowa and bought a claim on Rock Creek in Scott County. He was an Abolitionist and took a deep interest in the antislavery movements of that period. Mr. Gue was one of the delegates sent from Scott County to the convention which assembled at Iowa City on the 22d of February, 1856, to organize the Republican party of Iowa. In 1857 he was chosen by the Republicans as one of the Representatives in the Seventh General Assembly. He was one of the authors of the act to establish a State Agricultural College and was selected to fight the bill through the House against an adverse report of the committee of ways and means. He was reelected at the expiration of his first term and in 1861 was elected to the Senate for four years. In that body he was the author of two important bills: to prohibit the circulation of foreign bank bills in Iowa, and the law devised to secure an immediate income from the Agricultural College Land Grant, without sacrificing the lands. By the adoption of this plan Iowa secured for all time a larger income for support of the college than any State having the same amount of land. At the close of his term in 1864, Mr. Gue removed to Fort Dodge, purchased the only newspaper establishment where for eight years he published a Republican paper. In 1865 he was appointed postmaster of Fort Dodge but resigned in the fall of that year, having been nominated by the Republican State Convention for Lieutenant- Governor. In 1866 he was elected president of the Board of Trustees of the State Agricultural College and for several years gave a large portion of his time to the building and organization of the college. He carried a proposition through the board for the admission of girls as students, against strong opposition. As a member of the committee or organization, he visited the Agricultural Colleges of the country and was instrumental in selecting President Welch and the first corps of professors. Mr. Gue has always taken a deep interest in the growth of this college and by voice and pen defended and supported it through all of the years of its existence. In 1872 he removed to Des Moines and became editor of the Iowa Homestead. Receiving the appointment of United States Pension Agent of Iowa and Nebraska from President Grant, he gave his entire time to the duties of that position for eight years. Upon retiring in 1881 he again became editor of the Homestead. For more than fifteen years he took an active part in the political campaigns as a public speaker for the Republican party. He was one of the founders of the "Iowa Unitarian Association," of the "Pioneer Lawmakers' Association," and is author of a History of Iowa.

DAVID J. GUE, submitted by Dick Barton

(Condensed from "The Progressive Men of Iowa.")

DAVID J. GUE was born in Farmington, Ontario County, New York, January 17, 1836. He acquired a common school education with one year at an academy. In 1853 he came to Iowa and assisted an older brother on a farm in Scott County. He studied law in Tipton and was admitted to the bar in 1860. In 1862, as counsel for J. S. Maxwell, he won a note case for his client whose seat in the General Assembly was contested by Milo smith, who retained Judge C. C. Cole. Mr. Gue was chosen assistant secretary of the Senate at that session. In 1859 he connected his name imperishably with history, in a secret effort to save the lives of John Brown and his companions who were then organizing the "raid" on Harper's Ferry. The particulars of this episode are to be found in Vol. II. of this history. When a small boy David J. had possessed a remarkable talent for pencil sketching, especially of portraits. In 1865 he located at Fort Dodge in the drug business. But his love for art grew with the years and he finally sold out and gave his attention to portrait painting. among his Iowa work are portraits of John a. Kasson, Bishop H. W. Lee, Governors Merrill, Carpenter and Larrabee; Chief Justices of the Supreme Court J. M. Beck, J. R. Reed and C. C. Cole. Settling in New York many years ago, his most notable portraits were Ex-President Millard Fillmore, General U. s. Grant, Henry Ward Beecher, Lyman Abbott, Nellie, a daughter of President Arthur. In 1898 Mr. Gue visited the art centers of Europe, making studies of many notable places. He has attained remarkable success in marine painting. D. N. Richardson, editor of the Davenport Democrat wrote of Mr. Gue as an artist:

"It was not until he was twenty-four years old that he saw an oil painting. After twelve years of work as a portrait painter in New York, he occupies a position that many of the hardest working students of the best foreign masters have failed to attain."

EDWARD A. GUILBERT was born at Waukegan, Illinois, June 12, 1827. He studied medicine, taking up his residence in Dubuque, Iowa, in 1857, where he became one of the foremost homeopathic practitioners in the State. At the beginning of the Civil War he was appointed Surgeon of the Board of Enrollment of the Third District. In 1864 he recruited a company which was incorporated into the Forty-sixth Iowa Volunteers. Dr. Guilbert was especially prominent as a Mason, in which order he served in all of the high offices. For several years he edited and published a magazine called THE EVERGREEN which was devoted to the interests of the Masonic fraternity. In 1872 he was nominated by the Liberal Republicans and Democrats for Secretary of State but was defeated. He was for many years a member of the State Board of Health and at one time its president, the first homeopathist to hold that position. He was a prominent and influential member of the Grand Army of the Republic. His death occurred at Dubuque on the 4t h of March, 1900.

FRANCIS GUITTAR was one of the first white men to make a home in western Iowa. He was born in St. Louis September 25, 1809, and was of French descent. At the age of fourteen Francis obtained a position on a steamer owned by the American Fur Company and made trips up the Missouri River along the west border of the future State of Iowa. He soon acquired a thorough knowledge of the fur trade and was appointed in 1827 agent at ‘Traders Point,' where Council Bluffs stands. Here he lived and transacted the business of that famous company for twenty-three years. On his arrival he found the trading posts to consist of two log buildings and a few tents. The country was occupied by various tribes of Indians who came with hides of deer, elk, buffalo and furs to exchange for ammunition and goods. Mr. Guittar was honorable in his dealings and never sought to defraud the Indians but won their confidence and enduring friendship. He was chosen by the Pawnees as one of their was chiefs and led them in a battle with the Sioux which was fought near where the town of Fremont stands. When the fur trade was abandoned in that region Mr. Guittar established a store in the old Mormon town of Kanesville in a log building which stood at the corner of Broadway and Main streets in the city of Council Bluffs. He died in that city May, 1896.

WILLIAM H. F. GURLEY was born in Washington D. C., in 1830. When a lad he was chosen clerk of a committee on which Abraham Lincoln, who was a member of the House of Representatives, was serving. He was a favorite with the tall, awkward member from Illinois, who never forgot the bright, black-eyed boy clerk of his committee. When but sixteen years of age, young Gurley accompanied Dr. Owen of the United States Geological Survey on one of his exploring expeditions to the far west, where he obtained his first view of the great, wild prairies of Iowa as they were in 1846-7. He was so fascinated with the beauty of the picturesque rivers, woods, bluffs and rolling prairie, that he then determined some day to return and make his home in the new State. In 1854 he came to Davenport and opened a law office. He was an active Republican and in 1859 was nominated for Representative in the Eighth General Assembly and elected. He was made chairman of the committee of ways and means and drafted the revenue system which for many years has been so successful in providing funds for the State expenses. Soon after the election of Abraham Lincoln, the first Republican President, he tendered to his former committee clerk the position of United States District Attorney for Iowa. His health failed under the pressure of the exacting labors of that position, after a few years, and he found it necessary to resign. He was appointed Consul to Quebec, but a fatal malady had overtaken him and after a short term he died. He was cut down on the threshold of what promised to be a useful and brilliant career at the early age of thirty-five.