[S134] Ellery Bicknel Crane, Genealogy of the Crane Family (Worcester, Mass.: Press of Charles Hamilton, 1895). Hereinafter cited as Genealogy of the Crane Family. http://archive.org/details/genealogyofcrane01cran
[S1006] Caroline E. Robinson, The Gardiners of Narragansett: Being a Genealogy of the Descendants of George Gardiner the Colonist, 1638 (Providence, R.I.: printed for the author, 1919). Hereinafter cited as Geo. Gardiner Desc.
[S1101] Howard S.F. Randolph, "Teuntje Teunis and Her Descendants", New York Genealogical and Biographical Record Vol.59, pp.4-16 (1928). Hereinafter cited as "Teuntje Teunis; NYGBR 59:4-16."
[S1490] Royden Woodward Vosburgh, editor, Records of St. Paul's Evangelical Lutheran Church in the Town of Berne, Albany Co., New York (New York City: New York Genealogical and Biographical Society, Jan 1916). Hereinafter cited as St. Paul's ELC Recs.
[S1514] John R. Eastman, History of the Town of Andover, New Hampshire: 1751-1906 (Concord, NH: Rumford Print Co., 1910). Hereinafter cited as Hist. of Andover, NH.
[S1578] "Hilton Family Records (Peter L. Hilton Bible)", Mohawk Vol.13, no.1 (1996). Hereinafter cited as "Peter L. Hilton Fam. Recs."
[S1669] Royden Woodward Vosburgh, editor, Records of the First Lutheran Church in the City of Albany, N.Y. (New York City: New York Genealogical and Biographical Society, Jan. 1917). Hereinafter cited as First Lutheran Ch., Albany.
[S1679] "Modified Register for Johan Heinrich "Henry" Embody", 10 Jan 2008, Marg Bond (Bowie, Maryland), to Chris Chester (Kent, New York); Chris Chester, Kent, New York. Hereinafter cited as "Mod. Reg. for Henry Embody."
[S1780] Robert W. Hull, "Thomas Theunissen Quick and Rymerick Jurians Westfall of Ulster County", New York Genealogical and Biographical Record vol.139, pp.27-31 (Jan 2008). Hereinafter cited as "Thomas Theunissen Quick and Rymerick Jurians Westfall."
[S1800] "Maple Grove Cemetery, Town of Candor."Read by The Beulah Patterson Brown Chapter of the DAR, Newark Valley, Tioga County, N.Y. 1927. Typed by: David Smith . Online https://sites.rootsweb.com/~nytioga/maplegro.htm.. Hereinafter cited as Maple Grove Cemetery, Candor.
[S1867] Margaret R. Waters, Smith Family: Descendants of George and Barbara (Bash) Smith of Westmorleand County, Pennsylvania and Coshocton County, Ohio (Indianapolis: unknown (typescript), 1946). Hereinafter cited as Smith Family.
[S1910] L. Lynne Driggs, Harry Stoddard Driggs and Howard R. Driggs, Driggs Family History, Vol. 2 (Salt Lake City, Utah: Driggs Family Association, 1971). Hereinafter cited as Driggs Fam. Hist. v.2.
[S1917] Dutchess County, New York Surrogate's Court, Wills vol. AA, A, 1751-1796; FHL film #0913659 (Salt Lake City: Filmed by the Genealogical Society of Utah, 1972), Microfilm of original records in the Dutchess County courthouse.. Hereinafter cited as Dutchess Co. Wills v. AA, A.
[S1975] Jeremias Van Rensselaer, Correspondence of Jeremias van Rensselaer, 1651-1674 (Albany: University of the State of New York, 1932). Hereinafter cited as Correspondence of Jeremias van Rensselaer.
[S1976] V. Rensselaer, H. Gansevoort, Eleazer Wheelock, Geo. Clinton and et al Collections on the History of Albany, from its Discovery to the Present Time. With Notices of its Public Institutions and Biographical Sketches of Citizens Deceased, Vol. 1 (Albany: J. Munsell, 1865). Hereinafter cited as CHA v.1. http://books.google.com/books/about/…
[S1979] Carole Leishman, "Brouwer Database Story: Elizabeth Willemse Brouwer," e-mail message from Carole Leishman to Chris Chester, 5 Aug 2008. Hereinafter cited as "Brouwer Database Story: Elizabeth Willemse Brouwer."
[S2128] Letter from Hope Miller Matthews (Evanston, Illinois) to William B. Bogardus, 5 Dec 1987; William B. Bogardus Collection (Anneke Jans and Everardus Bogardus Descendants Association, Wilmington, Ohio). Box 2, File 33A, 38-M. In the post script to this letter, Hope Miller Matthews provided her direct lineage back to Joshua Cresson and Catharina Brouwer: "My maternal grandmother was Martha Ann Corshun, dau of Stephen & Sophia C. Swarthout, granddau of Joshua6 & Tiney (Catherine) Van Voorhees, Capt. Joseph5 Corshun (Military records spell it Corshon but he signed his will "Coshun"), Joshua4 Rev. War, NJ & Anna Hegeman, Joshua3 Chrison and Catherine (Brouwer?), Joshua2, Pierre1 & Rachel (Claes) Cresson."
[S2129] Letter from Mercedes Matthews Williams (Pontola Valley, Ca.) to William B. Bogardus, 28 Apr 1992; unknown repository (unknown repository address). Box 2, File 33A, 38-M. Mercedes Matthews Williams was a daughter of Hope Miller Matthews. The letter includes the pamphlet from Hope Miller Matthews' Memorial Service.
[S2133] Otis M. Mather, Six Generations of LaRues and Allied Families (Louisville, Kentucky: Press of C.T. Dearing Printing Co., Inc., 1921). Hereinafter cited as Six Generations of LaRues.
[S2134] Hope Miller Matthews, Tracing the Ancestors of Joshua Coshun and Ann Hegeman His Wife, Manuscript, 1990, Box 2, File 33A, 38-M, William B. Bogardus Collection, Anneke Jans and Everardus Bogardus Descendants Association, Wilmington, Ohio.
[S2142] Letter from Herbert E. Murray (Swansboro, North Carolina) to William B. Bogardus, 11 Mar 1991; William B. Bogardus Collection (Anneke Jans and Everardus Bogardus Descendants Association, Wilmington, Ohio). Box 2, File 33A, 129-M. "Woodmere Notes."
[S2252] Willard's Mountain Chapter. D.A.R. Greenwich N.Y. and Butler Hoag, "Data Taken From the Records of Easton Monthly Meeting of Friends", New York Genealogical and Biographical Record Vol. 46 (1915). Hereinafter cited as "Records of Easton Monthly Meeting of Friends."
[S2320] Barbara Westerfield Hilyard, "Brouwer Genealogy - Rev. Cornelius Cozine," e-mail message from (unknown address) to Chris Chester, April 5, 2009. Hereinafter cited as "Brouwer Gen. - Rev. Cornelius Cozine."
[S2321] Frederick Lewis Weis, The Colonial Clergy of the Middle Colonies: New York, New Jersey and Pennsylvania, 1628-1776 (Worcester, Mass.: American Antiquarian Society, 1957). Hereinafter cited as Colonial Clergy of the Middle Colonies: New York, New Jersey and Pennsylvania, 1628-1776.
[S2322] Edward Theirs Dorr, Cozyn/Cozine (Dobbins, Ca.: Mrs. E.T. Dorr, ca. 1983). Hereinafter cited as Cozyn/Cozine.
[S2412] Dorothy A. Koening, "Further Information About Catalina Trico", New Netherland Connections Vol.1, page 89 (1996). Hereinafter cited as "Trico, NNC 1.4 (1996)."
[S2464] Lois Stewart, "Wim Van Duijn Answers Some Questions About Riker's Sources of Information", New Netherland Connections Vol. 9 (2004). Hereinafter cited as "Riker's Sources, NNC 9 (2004)."
[S2465] Barbara Terhune, Cornelius Cozine-Maria Brouwer in "Cornelius Cozine/Cozyn (1718-1786), et al.", listserve message to RootsWeb: Dutch-Colonies, August 3, 2009. Printout dated August 4, 2009. Hereinafter cited as Cornelius Cozine/Coyn.
[S2480] Barbara Belter, "Questions/Info Embody Lineage," e-mail message from Barbara Belter (unknown address) to Chris Chester, August 18, 2009. Hereinafter cited as "Questions/Info Embody Lineage."
[S2481] "Lackawana County Marriage License Index Vol. 36, Page 1: A-F", online https://sites.rootsweb.com/~palackaw/marriages/…. Contributed by Richard M. Reese. Revised 2008.. Hereinafter cited as Lackawana County Marriage License Index Vol. 36, Page 1: A-F.
[S2483] "Lackawana Co., PA, Wll Index Co-Cz", online https://sites.rootsweb.com/~palackaw/wills/…. Donated by Tom Price, 2002.. Hereinafter cited as Lackawana Co., PA, Wll Index Co-Cz.
[S2619] F. J. Sypher, "Sypher & Co., A Pioneer Antique Dealer in New York", Furniture History, The Journal of The Furniture History Society Vol. 28 (1992). Hereinafter cited as "Sypher & Co., Furniture Hist. v.28 (1992)."
[S2635] Lynn Brandvold,"Interments in the Reformed (Dutch) Church Ground (Village of Hyde Park, Dutchess Co., NY)", online https://sites.rootsweb.com/~nydutche/cems/…. From "Old Gravestones of Dutchess County, New York" by J. W. Poucher published in 1924, pages 127-130. Copied by Charlotte Cary Dingee, transcribed by Liz DuBois.. Hereinafter cited as Reformed Dutch Church Ground, Hyde Park, NY.
[S2756] Donna Valley Stuart, "The Lehman/Laman/Layman Family of Greene County, New York", New York Genealogical and Biographical Record Vol. 110 (1979). Hereinafter cited as "Lehman/Laman/Layman Family."
[S2848] Pamela J. Sears, "Who was Catrina: wife of Stephen Jansz Van Voorhees of Jamaica?", New Netherland Connections Vol. 12, no. 4, page 92 (2007). Hereinafter cited as "Catrina, wife of Stephen Jansz Van Voorhees."
[S2851] Kiliaen van Rensselaer, Arnold J. F. Van Laer, Nicolaas de Roever, Susan De Lancey Strong and New York State Library, Van Rensselaer Bowier Manuscripts, being the letters of Kiliaen Van Rensselaer, 1630-1643, and other documents relating to the colony of Rensselaerswyck (Albany: University of the State of New York, 1908). Hereinafter cited as VRBM. Https://archive.org/details/vanrensselaerbow01newy.
[S2876] Frans C. M. Gouverneur, "Dutch origins of some early settlers and allied families, part 7, Selijns, Specht, New Netherland Connections 9 (2004), pp. 89-104, Corrections and additions", New Netherland Connections Vol. 14, page 67 (2009). Hereinafter cited as "Selijns, Specht Corrections."
[S2877] Frans C. M. Gouverneur, "Dutch origins of some early settlers and allied families, part 7, Selijns, Specht", New Netherland Connections Vol. 9, no. 4, page 89 (2004). Hereinafter cited as "Selijns, Specht."
[S3026] Rev. Creighton Spencer-Mounsey, "The Carmer Family of New York", New York Genealogical and Biographical Record Vol. 61, pp. 356-372 (1930). Hereinafter cited as "The Carmer Family of New York."
[S3038] FamilySearch.org,"Netherlands Births and Baptisms, 1594-1910."Family Search Historical Records.. Online https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/…).. Hereinafter cited as Netherlands Births and Baptisms, 1594-1910.
[S3113] Unknown author, "New York Wills", New York Genealogical and Biographical Record Vol. 2, pp. 39-40 (1871). Hereinafter cited as "New York Wills."
[S3158] John Blythe Dobson, "Remarks on the Titus Family of Flatbush", New Netherland Connections Vol. 2, page 74 (1997). Hereinafter cited as "Remarks on the Titus Family of Flatbush."
[S3199] Fred Westcott, "Roosa Ancestor," e-mail message from Fred Westcott to Chris Chester, December 15, 2010. Hereinafter cited as "Roosa Ancestor."
[S3214] Edson Salisbury Jones and Byron Barnes Horton, "Covert Ancestry", New York Genealogical and Biographical Record Vol. 37 (1906). Hereinafter cited as "Covert Ancestry."
[S3215] Phyllis J. Miller, "Jannetje Teunis Nyssen and Jannetje Teunis Covert", New York Genealogical and Biographical Record Vol. 119 (1988). Hereinafter cited as "Jannetje Teunis Nyssen and Jannetje Teunis Covert."
[S3218] Thomas G. Evans, "The Schoonmaker Family of Ulster Co., N. Y.", New York Genealogical and Biographical Record Vol. 19 (1988). Hereinafter cited as "Schoonmaker Family of Ulster Do., N.Y."
[S3299] Murray Edward Poole, History of Jan Van Cleef of New Utrecht, L. I., N. Y. and Some of His Descendants (Ithaca, N.Y.: Press of the Ithaca Journal, 1909). Hereinafter cited as History of Jan Van Cleef. Https://archive.org/details/historyofjanvanc00pool.
[S3305] William B. Saxbie, "Four Fathers for William Ennis of Kingston: A Collective Review", New York Genealogical and Biographical Record Vol. 129, page 227 (1998). Hereinafter cited as "Four Fathers for William Ennis of Kingston."
[S3357] James N. Churchyard, "Cornelis Claes Swits and Ariaantje C. Trommels", New Netherland Connections Vol. 5, page 82 (2000). Hereinafter cited as "Cornelis Claes Swits and Ariaantje C. Trommels."
[S3366] Carolyn Nash, "Maria Peters, Wife of Dirck Storm, and Daughter of Pieter Teunissen Huyben and Dircxken Jacob Aerts", New York Genealogical and Biographical Record Vol. 140, page 245 (2009). Hereinafter cited as "Maria Peters, Wife of Dirck Storm."
[S3376] Carolyn Nash, "European Origin of Marie Sohier, Matriarch of the Demarest Family", New York Genealogical and Biographical Record Vol. 141, page 257 (2010). Hereinafter cited as "European Origin of Marie Sohier."
[S3416] George E. McCracken, "The American DeKay Family", The American Genealogist Vols. 33, 34 (1956, 1957). Hereinafter cited as "The American DeKay Family."
[S3436] John Howard Abbott, The Courtright (Kortright) Family: Descendants of Bastian Van Kortryk, a native of Belgium who immigrated to Holland about 1615 (New York: T.A. Wright, 1922). Hereinafter cited as The Courtright (Kortright) Family.
[S3471] John Blythe Dobson, "Some Erroneous Marriages in Bergen's Kings County", New Netherland Connections Vol. 6, page 96 (2001). Hereinafter cited as "Some Erroneous Marriages in Bergen's Kings County."
[S3472] Harry Macy Jr., "Sara (De Planck) Monfort", New York Genealogical and Biographical Record Vol. 122, page 143 (1991). Hereinafter cited as "Sara (De Planck) Monfort."
[S3535] Anderson Carol, "Possible Error (Simon P. Starr)," e-mail message from Carol Anderson to Chris Chester, May 2, 2011. Hereinafter cited as "Possible Error."
[S3542] Arthur C. M. Kelly, compiler, Poughkeepsie Reformed Church Marriages, 1746-1824 (Rhinebeck, N. Y.: Kinship). Hereinafter cited as Poughkeepsie Reformed Church Marriages 1746-1824.
[S3557] Frans Gouverneur, "The De Riemer Family", New Netherland Connections Vol. 7, page 77 (2002). Hereinafter cited as "The De Riemer Family."
[S3738] Frans C. M. Gouverneur, "Dutch Origins of Some Early Settlers and Allied Families, Part 1: Steenwijck, Godtschalck, Maurits (Sluiswachter), ten Broeke (Paludanus), van Nieuwenhuijsen", New Netherland Connections Vol. 8, page 29 (2003). Hereinafter cited as "Dutch Origins of Some Early Settlers, Part 1."
[S3740] Frans C. M. Gouverneur, "Dutch Origins of Some Early Settlers and Allied Families, part 2; de Keij, Marssens, Macké, Lubberts, de la Noij", New Netherland Connections Vol. 8, page 71 (2003). Hereinafter cited as "Dutch Origins of Early Settlers part 2."
[S3742] Frans C. M. Gouverneur, "Dutch Origins of Some Early Settlers and Allied Families, part 3; de Peijster", New Netherland Connections Vol. 8, page 94 (2003). Hereinafter cited as "Dutch Origins of Some Early Settlers."
[S3769] Donald C. Lockhart, A Survey of Four Microfilm Rolls of Old Dutch and English Records Held by the Ulster County Clerk's Office in Kingston, New York (Needham, Massachusetts: Nehoiden Press, 2011). Hereinafter cited as A Survey of Four Microfilm Rolls.
[S3836] Edward Lewis file; W8042; NARA Ser. M805; Roll 525 (www.heritagequestonline.com: Heritage Quest).
[S3885] Franklin Ellis, History of Monmouth County, New Jersey... (n.p.: R.T. Peck & Co., 1974). Hereinafter cited as History of Monmouth Co., NJ.
[S3893] New York Academy of Sciences Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History of New York, Volume 1 (New York: New York Academy of Sciences, 1824). Hereinafter cited as ALNHNY.
[S3898] Raymond Martin,"Bethesda Methodist Church Cemetery, Howell Twp., Monmouth County, New Jersey (Part 1)", online www.usgwarchives.org/nj/monmouth/cemetery/bethedam01.txt. USGenWeb Archives, 2011. (Formerly Blue Ball) a.k.a Adelphia Cemetery, Wycoff Mills Road, Howell, NJ.. Hereinafter cited as Bethesda Methodist Church Cemetery.
[S3899] Raymond Martin,"Maplewood Cemetery (Old Site), Freehold, Monmouth County, New Jersey (Part 6 of 6)."USGenWeb Archives, 2011. Online www.usgwarchives.org/nj/monmouth/cemetery/maplewood/maplewoodold06.txt.. Hereinafter cited as Maplewood Cemetery (Old Site).
[S3901] Rev. William White Hance, "Gravestones in the Burying-Ground of Christ Church, Shrewsbury, N. J., of a Date Generally Prior to 1850", New York Genealogical and Biographical Record Vol. 34, page 103 (1903). Hereinafter cited as "Burying-Ground at Christ Church, Shrewsbury, NJ."
[S3978] "Queries", New Netherland Connections Vol. 15 (2010). Hereinafter cited as "Queries, NNC 15."
[S3985] James W. Hook, Smith, Grant and Irons families of New Jersey's shore counties: including the related families of Willets and Birdsall (New Haven: n.pub., 1955). Hereinafter cited as Smith, Grant and Irons.
[S4149] Berthold Fernow, Minutes of the Court of Burgomasters and Schepens, Sept. 3, 1658 to Dec. 30, Inclusive, The Records of New Amsterdam from 1653 to 1674 Anno Domini, Volume 3 (New York: Knickerbocker Press, 1897). Hereinafter cited as RNA v.3.
[S4210] Editor, "Van Tuyl Ancestry in the Netherlands", New York Genealogical and Biographical Record Vol. 122, page 88 (1991). Hereinafter cited as "Van Tuyl Ancestry."
[S4246] Alexander Jackson will (January 25, 1815), Alexander Jackson, Will Orange Co. Wills, Lib. F, page 209, Photocopy of original, WBC 5: WW-57, Anneke Jans and Everardus Bogardus Descendants Association, Wilmington, Ohio. Hereinafter cited as Alexander Jackson Will.
[S4277] Renee L. Dauven,"Gravesend 1672 West Meadows", online http://notmyfamily.pbworks.com/w/page/55280254/Gravesend 1672 west meadows. Abstracting Town Records of Kings County: Gravesend, Book 3. Town Meetings, 1656-1705. New York Municipal Archives Microfilm Roll No. 61, Item 3002, p. 34.. Hereinafter cited as Gravesend 1672 West Meadows.
[S4355] Mrs. John Spell, "Additions and Corrections (Couwenhoven)", New York Genealogical and Biographical Record Vol. 95, page 239 (1964). Hereinafter cited as "Additions and Corrections."
[S4589] Ancestry.com,"Washington, Death Index, 1940-1996."Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2002. Original data: Washington State Department of Health. State Death Records Index, 1940-1996. Microfilm. Washington State Archives, Olympia, Washington. Online www.ancestry.com.. Hereinafter cited as Washington Death Index 1940-1996.
[S4736] A. J. F. van Laer, Correspondence of Jeremias van Rensselaer, 1651-1674 (Albany: The University of the State of New York, 1932). Hereinafter cited as CJVR.
[S4824] Alexander DuBois Schenck, The Blyenbeck and Afferden Branch of the Family of Schenck Van Nydeck (Hampton, Va.: Normal School Press Print, 1885). Hereinafter cited as Schenck Van Nydeck.
[S4825] P. L. Schenck, Memior of Johannes Schenk, The Progenitor of the Bushwick, L. I. Family of Schenck (Flatbush, L. I.: n.pub., 1876). Hereinafter cited as Memior of Johannes Schenk.
[S4842] Jonathan Pearson, "Contributions to the History if the Ancient Dutch Families of Albany: Cuyler", New York Genealogical and Biographical Record Vol. 3, no. 2, p. 81 (1872). Hereinafter cited as "CHADFA: Cuyler."
[S4864] E. B. O'Callaghan, "First Stone House in Albany", New York Genealogical and Biographical Record Vol. 4, no. 1, p. 21 (1873). Hereinafter cited as "First Stone House in Albany."
[S4871] Obituary, Mrs. Maria G. Brower, New York Tribune, Maplewood, N. J., May 19, 1914. Hereinafter cited as New York Tribune.
[S4992] Barbara A. Barth, "Additions and Corrections: Garrison-Gerritsen and Segers Descendants of Gerrit Segers", New York Genealogical and Biographical Record Vol. 127, no. 4, pp. 216-217 (1996). Hereinafter cited as "Garrison-Gerretsen Add. & Corr."
[S5095] Glenna See Hill, "New Information on the See and De Vaux Families", New York Genealogical and Biographical Record Vol. 110, p. 100 (1979). Hereinafter cited as "See and De Vaux Families."
[S5224] Charles B. Moore, "The Rev. Thomas DeWitt, D.D., A Biographical and Genealogical Sketch", New York Genealogical and Biographical Record Vol. 5, no. 4, p. 161 (1874). Hereinafter cited as "Rev. Thomas DeWitt."
[S5225] Thomas G. Evans, "The De Witt Family, of Ulster County, New York", New York Genealogical and Biographical Record Vols. 17, 18 (1886, 1887). Hereinafter cited as "De Witt Family."
[S5276] Marvin G. Delaplane and Gordon David Thayer, The Delaplaines of America (Sarasota, FL: Rapidsoft Press, 1998, rev. 2001). Hereinafter cited as Delaplaines. http://www.boffinsblog.net/resources/Delaplaines.pdf
[S5387] National Archives and Records Administration, U.S., Civil War Pension Index: General Index to Pension Files, 1861-1934 (n.p.: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, unknown publish date).
[S5388] Ancestry.com, Michigan, Compiled Census and Census Substitutes Index, 1827-1870 (n.p.: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, unknown publish date).
[S5554] Anthony de Hooges and Dirk Mouw, Memorandum Book of Anthony De Hooges (Albany, NY: New Netherland Research Center and the New Netherland Institute, 2012). Hereinafter cited as Memorandum Book of Anthony De Hooges.
[S5644] Arnold J.F. Van Laer, Kenneth Scott (Ed.) and Kenn Stryker-Rodda (Ed.), Register of the Provincial Secretary, 1648-1660, New York Historical Manuscripts, Volume 3 (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., 1974). Hereinafter cited as Register of the Provincial Sec., 1648-1660.http://www.newnetherlandinstitute.org/files/1814/0152/0217/…
[S5646] Henry B. Hoff, "The De Vries Family of Tappan, New York", The American Genealogist Vol. 72, p. 345 (1997). Hereinafter cited as "De Vries of Tappan, NY."
[S5652] A. V. Phillips, The Lott Family in America, Including the Allied Families: Cassell, Davis, Graybeal, Haring, Hegeman, Hogg, Kerley, Phillips, Thompson, Walter, and Others (Ann Arbor, Michigan: Edwards Brothers Inc., 1942). Hereinafter cited as Lott Family in America. Https://familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=4722&disp=The+Lott+family+in+America%2C+including+.
[S5681] Howard S. F. Randolph, "Anthony de Hooges, Secretary of Rensselaerswyck, and His Descendants", New York Genealogical and Biographical Record Vol. 67, pages 4-15 (1936). Hereinafter cited as "Anthony de Hooges."