Edwin R. MORE was born November 4, 1831 in Geauga County, Ohio. His father was Johnson MORE and his mother was Wealthy CROSS. Edwin married Maria Louisa SMITH on May 26, 1852, in Middlefield, Geauga County, Ohio. The transcription below is the extant portion of his notes, Civil War diary, and letters to his wife (Louisa), his eldest child (Adaline), his brother-in law (Enos Carolman SMITH), and his mother (Wealthy CROSS More) during the period February, 1861 to mid-December, 1863. The diary, the single surviving volume of an at least three-book record, is a brown, leather-bound notebook about 4" by 3" by 3/8", containing 52 sheets, or 104 sides, for writing.

The rear portion of the notebook comprises an expandable pocket that contains two photographs. The photographs are labeled, in long hand, "Otis NEWCOMB" and "Adaline NEWCOMB". The latter is Adaline WRIGHT Newcomb, spouse of Otis. The association of these photographs with the diary of Edwin R. MORE suggests a close relationship between the MORE family and the NEWCOMB family well before Adaline P. MORE married Wallace Edwin NEWCOMB on 22 February 1872. In fact, Adaline P. MORE may have been named after Adaline WRIGHT Newcomb, who evidently gave her son, Wallace Edwin, Edwin More's name.

Edwin R. MORE consistently spelled his family name as reproduced here. The gravestone of his grandfather, Thomas MORE, spells it the same way. Today's records uniformly spell it MOORE. I have rendered it as he wrote it. Diary entries are rendered in regular font. Letters to his wife and others are rendered in italic font. Information in brackets [ } is added by the transcriber for completeness or clarity. Names and relationships are bold to make them easier to find.

Those having additional information about the persons mentioned herein, or who have factual corrections to the record presented here, please contact:

Walter E.NEWCOMB
[email protected] or [email protected]

This [?] block was made by Edwin R. MORE, Feb. 9, A. D. 1861, six miles east of Manchester, Illinois.

At this date there are indications of a dissolution of the United States; South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana have each passed Ordinances of Secession and declared themselves independent states...The future of our country is vailed [sic] in darkness.

The opposite side of this paper is addressed: "E. R. More, Martins Prairie, Ill."

1. Front end paper: E. R. More, Parkman, Geauga County, Ohio; Co.[mpany] F, 105 O[hio] V[olunteer] I[nfantry]; In case of accident to me to be sent to my wife addressed as above.
2. Front inside paper: Books that I want. Life of Jacob Gruber; Ewbank's Hydraulics.
3. Front inside paper: Corpl. Geo.[rge] D.[uland] SMITH, Head Quarters 4th Division, 17th Army Corps, Natchez, Miss}

Sunday, June 28th, 1863:
We left Murfreesboro last Wednesday morning and have marched in the rain, mud and water ever since. We are now encamped (Sunday morning 9 1/2 o'clock) near the Barren River a few miles from Manchester. Some idea of the size of our train may be gathered from the fact that the head commenced camping yesterday at noon + the regiment is not up yet though teams were moving all night. I have just finished my old diary and now begin this.

Sunday night, June 28th:
Are now encamped in a wood four miles from our camp this morning. No rain since 12 today. Since supper I have made an 8-quart pail full of applesauce. I had some ground blackberries stewed for breakfast for dinner hard tack and water-for supper coffee, fried liver, apple sauce and hard ta ck. This has been the easiest day's march since we started on the night of the 23rd. Our mail came up tonight, but nothing for me. We are encamped but a short distance from Manchester.

Monday, June 29th, 1863:
Washed 3 pairs of socks and myself in the Duck River about 40 rods from where we have pitched our tents. Our mail came in again today. I got a letter from Sallie but none from home. Have had three heavy showers today. I begin to think that rain is the order of the day now. Sent a letter to Louisa and Sallie. All the troops in camp but our 4 companies of pioneers have gone on and left us here. They have left tents, clothing, blankets, knapsacks and rations lying on the ground.

Tuesday, June 30th, '63:
This morning the 125th Ohio passed us. They had been encamped 4 miles in our rear. Soon after we received orders to move. Strange to say we moved today without getting wet though we have had a heavy shower since. We crossed the river the other side of town on a pontoon bridge. This is the second time I ever crossed one. Received a good and long letter from Louisa. Folks are well for which I am grateful to God.

Wednesday, July 1st, '63:
Left Manchester at 11 o'clock + after going about 4 miles found we were on the wrong road . Went back about 2 miles and took a wagon road through the woods. There had been so much rain that the ground was soft and the bottom was soon out of the road. Wagons and artillery were stuck in the mud and it was only by great labor that we got the train through. The train was Gen. Rosecran's headquarter train. Horses gave out and men were sunstruck. After much labor the train got through the woods.

We were so scattered along the road that I got separated from the company and being told that the company had been ordered onto another road I took a cross cut through the woods but found myself with another squadron of pioneers from the ones I was looking after. I traveled til dark and camped.

Thursday, July 2nd, 1863:
Slept on the porch of a house with about 15 others who had got separated from their regiments. There were about 50 others who had got lost who camped just across the road. At sunrise I was again on the search for my company. I traveled on 9 miles and overtook the rear of Gen. Thomas's Army Corps. I then took the back track for 7 miles and struck off to the east and after going 4 miles more I found my company encamped in the woods. I learned that 9 or 10 besides myself had got lost and 5 were still missing.

Our company commander having neglected to take 12 day's {sic}rations according to the order we have been without rations since Tuesday night. Sergeant WONDERLY finding a box of crackers left on the ground we had 5 apiece. We have had to live on the citizens since. After I got into camp we marched 5 miles and camped making 25 miles travel for me today. Raining again tonight.

Friday, July 3rd, 1863:
Laid last night as I did the night before without my blankets or blouse as we got separated from our wagons while helping Rosecrans' train through the woods on which are our knapsacks &c. We sent out two mules last night for provisions. They returned after dark with fresh meat, bacon and new potatoes. If we only had salt we could get along first rate though it seems hard an {sic}wicked to take the food away from citizens. Some take it with good grace while others storm and scold. Marched about 6 miles and found we could not ford the river so turned back two miles and went into camp. We marched through one of the heaviest showers I think I have ever seen. Some of the time in water and mud to our knees. Shall lie under a tree without blanket or tent tonight. Foraged for provisions again today.

Saturday, July 4th, 1863:
Our wagons came up today at 2 1/2 o'clock. Frank [FALES] was all right and I found my things all right. Got six crackers today + two spoonsfull {sic}of sugar. So we have a little bread to eat with our potatoes and fresh beef. Whether our officers can be punished for their neglect to obey the order in providing rations I don't know. I think they should be. Another heavy rain storm today with one in prospect tonight.

There has been fighting in front every day since we left Murfreesboro except yesterday that was so close that we could plainly hear the firing. We have passed over ground where the battles raged and every time it was in the woods and the trees show the effects of the terrible hail. Thursday I was within 4 miles of where the armies were fighting. On Wednesday, 1st inst, we drove the rebels out of Tullahoma. The rebels contest nearly every mile of our advance taking advantage of every favorable position. The report is in camp that Vicksburg + Richmond are ours.

Sunday, July 5th, 1863: Another rainy day. I have written to Louisa and mother but do not know when I shall be able to send the letters. Rations of crackers, pork, coffee, salt and sugar were issued again today with a half tea-cupfull {sic}of whiskey.

Had a prayer meeting at 4 this afternoon. Thank God for the privilege. This has been more like the holy Sabbath than any other I have seen since I came to Tennessee. This is the greatest country for insects I have ever seen. Nights they crawl all over a person tickling and biting him.

Monday, July 6th, 1863:
This is the 4th day in our present camp. Rain as usual so there is no prospect of an immediate movement unless our pontoon train comes up. I sent letters today to Louisa and mother. We are on 1/4 rations and have been on 1/2 since last Tuesday making 6 days of 1/2 rations and now 1/4 rations for 4 days. It makes a fellow feel gaunt but it cannot be helped. I have spent the day in reading a novel and getting forage for mules.

I would like right well to call upon my dear wife and take supper with her. I think I could enjoy her society and victuals tonight as well as at any period of my life. How glad I am that she does not know much I have to suffer. It would give her so much pain. May the time soon come when we shall be restored to each other.

Tuesday, July 7, 1863:
Wrote to Addie HURD today and made Joe MORE a visit. I had nothing for dinner but Joseph gave me 2 1/2 small crackers so I did not go hungry. This afternoon went out berrying and got 4 corn cakes for a little coffee and my haversack nearly full of potatoes. So I had all I wanted to eat for supper.

The country we have passed over since leaving Manchester the county seat of Coffe [sic] County is level and covered with timber. It is only here and there that a patch has been cleared. Eleven-twelfths of the timber is oak and the rest chestnut + sassafras, sweet-gums, dogwood with occasionally a maple or cherry, walnut, hickory, or ash.

The women are ill-looking yellow and pecked [?] and are slovenish in dress and deportment. The Negro wenches exhibit more taste in dress than the white wenches. The men are hombly [sic] and generally towheaded. Piles of children may be seen at nearly every house or hovel. Decent houses are few.

Wednesday, July 8th, 1863:
Commenced a retrograde movement this morning at six. A heavy rain fell during the night and this with rain for the last 14 days made the roads miserably bad and the streams were feeling pretty high. We marched 15 miles and are now encamped again at Manchester. We waded through mud and water today--some of the streams being three feet deep. We are wet, muddy, tired and hungry. I boiled a few potatoes for supper and ate them with salt and pepper. Then solaced myself with a pipe of tobacco. We have marched in one day, back the distance that it took us three days to make.

One fellow in Co. E, got drunk and a wagon ran over him. Had the roads been hard he must have been killed. There were two fights. In one a finger was bitten off and in the other, one was stabbed. All the result of whiskey. Such swearing and cursing I have never before heard. Bad roads and no rations was the text.

Thursday, July 9th, 1863:
Not able to get anything here in the shape of rations. I had five potatoes and two spoonfulls [sic] of beans with a cup of coffee for breakfast. For dinner 2 crackers and 4 potatoes. The crackers were given me by Joseph MORE whose regiment is only a few rods from us. Joseph and I went down to the river and had a good bath.

This afternoon got 5 crackers to the man with sugar, salt, coffee, tea and maggoty meat. We went about 1/2 mile into a grove on a hillside and established our camp. The cars came in from Tullahoma bringing rations.

Our army now occupies Tullahoma, Manchester, and McMinnville from all of which we have driven the rebels. We have cheering news from our armies, east and west.

Sent a letter to Louisa today. Frank FALES went to Tullahoma (12 mi) for our letters. He is to return tomorrow. It has not rained today.

I am detailed for guard tonight. General Palmer's division is stationed here. How long we may stay no one knows.

Friday, July 10th, 1863:
With a change in the weather comes a change in the company affairs. For the first time in this month the role is called. There has been about as much discipline in our squadron for the past two weeks as there might be found among a company of Irish immigrants. I hope there is to be some order hereafter and that the rules and regulations of the army may be obeyed and enforced.

Frank returned with the mail at noon but there was nothing for me. Some got five and six letters. [Wilford A.] BAGG received intelligence about the death of his brother Horace [BAGG] at Providence, Miss. on the 9th of congestive chills.

I crossed the river by wading to get some laurel root. In the evening went over to the 41st +saw Joseph [V. MORE] and [Alonzo] HOSMER . Had the chance while there of reading this morning's Nashville paper. It confirms the fall of Vicksburg the defeat of Lee in the east + tells that Morgan with 21 regiments has crossed the Ohio into Indiana at Bradensburg on the 8th inst.

Saturday, July 11th, 1863:
Camp was called up at 3 1/2 o'clock this morning. I went to bed and slept until breakfast was ready, watered my mule and then with [Wilford A.] BAGG went over to the 41st and from there to a peculiar cave not more than 20 rods from their camp. After clambering down the rocks by clinging to trees and points of rocks we found ourselves in a large amphitheater with a beautiful cascade before us. The water falls about 60 feet. We took a shower bath the most delightful and refreshing I ever enjoyed. The scenery about Manchester is wild and picturesque. The river furnishes a splendid waterpower having a fall of about 50 feet in less than 15 rods. Tho'h such waterpower may be most advantageously used on an overshot wheel, the intelligent Southerner uses the old fashioned flutter wheel.

I dug some laurel root for pipe bowls. Came across Mr. CHRISTIE of Middlefield who is brigade carpenter in Gen. Hazen's brigade. Am very anxious to hear from my dear ones.

Monday, July 13th, 1863:
Yesterday went out berrying with 8 men. We got all the huckle berries we could eat besides filling our pails. We went to Merideth Taylor's and got dinner, which consisted of coffee (our own) corn bread meat and salt with a little milk for coffee. The family consisted of six persons but had only two tea-cups and three [sic] saucers. Mrs. Taylor said they intended to move to a free state just as soon as they could. The people here have been robbed by both armies until they are poor.

Rained yesterday a heavy shower and today we had 3 or four showers. I had for breakfast boiled potatoes (17) condemed [sic] meat and coffee. For dinner do [ditto] with a piece of cracker and huckle berries.

We are ordered to march for Tullahoma at six in the morning. The roads must be in an awful condition.... Can't get papers or letters--consequently do not know what is transpiring.

Tuesday, July 14th, 1863:
Started on our way to the Battalion at 6 o'clock and were 4 hours making 3 miles. After this got along pretty well, but found bad places in the roads frequently. I led a pack mule and had to wade through mud and water sometimes knee deep. At 4 o'clock camped at Spring Mills 13 miles from Manchester. Spring Creek upon which the mills are located has its source from 4 or 5 springs about one mile above. The water is cold and clear. We had some corn ground here and killed two beeves. We confiscated three. One we shall take with us in the morning. We have had plenty to eat since yesterday noon, of crackers and meat. But little sugar and coffee.

Wednesday, July 15:
Marched three miles this morning and found the battalion encamped one mile beyond Estille Springs Station on the banks of the Elk River neare [sic] where the railroad crosses. The rebs have burned a large R.R. bridge here and the Mich. Eng. + Mechanics Regiment are rebuilding it. The Elk River makes a bend here, and after running 1-1/2 miles returns to within 8 rods of its bed above. Here a cut has been made across the neck of the bend and a splendid water-power obtained which has been used to run a large + beautiful cotton factory, burned by our forces one year ago.

I got two letters from Louisa one from mother and a Cin.[cinatti] paper. Louisa seems to be in low spirits. Why is it so? Poor woman, I fear she has more trials than I am aware of. I feel almost tempted to make an effort for a furlough. How I would like to make a visit of 10 or 15 days with my dear ones and friends in Parkman.

Thursday, July 16th, 1863:
Cloudy and cool. Commenced a letter to Louisa but had to stop writing to attend to muster. After muster came dinner and then the whole company except the cooks and three men went out about 1 1/2 miles to cut wood for the railroad. We have to take our guns with us. Returned at 6 1/4 o'clock and found no preparations for supper had been made. I was hungry, thirsty and tired and felt some provoked. I scolded the cook but he excused himself on the plea that he had no vessels to cook in. At dark had coffee and fried bacon with hard tack.

There was a meeting of the Association but as I had no supper I did not attend. About 50 rebels came in and gave themselves up as prisoners. They were sent to Nashville 67 miles distant.

Friday, July 17th, 1863:
Sent a letter to Louisa this morning and in the afternoon received one from George. He has the ague. Went fishing this evening but caught nothing.

Saturday, July 18th, 1863:
I got a pass for myself and RAUB and BURGETT to go berrying. We went out about 2 1/4 miles and found plenty of blackberries and low bush huckle-berries. We went to a house and got a drink of buttermilk. Wasn't it good?

In the afternoon cut wood. I got a letter from Mary MORE which contains a little flattery intended to soothe a spirit that has been treated to a dose of neglect.

I feel quite anxious to hear from home. If I thought there was a chance of obtaining a furlough I believe I should try for one.

Sunday, July 19th, 1863:
Extremely warm. Inspection at 8, prayer meeting at 10 and exhortation at 2.

I had for breakfast a good Johnnycake made as follows. The cup of blackberries partially crushed, a teaspoon full of Saleratus, do [ditto] salt and cup of sugar with meal and water sufficient to make 1-1/2 quarts of thin batter. Baked in a bake kettle. Eat with grease. With this cake had coffee, fried fish, blackberries and fried crackers. Our prayer meeting was one of deep solemnity. Bless God for his goodness and mercy towards. The exhortation was rather dry and laborious.

I with BURGETT and GRAHAM went out 3 miles and filled our pails with huckle berries, got some buttermilk and 1/2 dozen of eggs...At 3 o'clock a.m. yesterday the locomotive ran across the Elk River on the new bridge for the first time.

Port Hudson surrendered on the 8th so the Mississippi is open through the rebellious states. Thank God for our success.

Monday, July 20th, '63:
Had another berried pone cake for breakfast and dinner with three eggs in each. No meat today.

Corp. MURPHY, CURRENS, STEWART, and HULL were out of camp all night without leave. Let us see what their punishment will be. Some of the Company accuse Lieut.DUNN of partiality.

Cut wood this afternoon which made the sweat flow freely as it was a very hot day. This evening took a bath in the river.

The streams in this part of the state are clear and the water soft. All are good for drinking and many of them are too cold to bathe in being formed by large springs. Estelle Springs only a mile from here furnish plenty of water to run three run of stone with a fall of 20 feet which might be easily obtained. Three miles from here are the Spring Creek mills run by spring water.

Tuesday, July 21st, 1863:
Rained last night. I washed 2 shirts 2 pair socks 2 pair drawers and towel in the forenoon and went fishing and berrying this afternoon.

Wanting some meat to eat with a dry hard tack BURGETT and I went half a mile to where meat had been burried [sic] because it had been condemned. We got about 20 lbs. out of the rotten maggoty mass which we are going to eat. This is not the first time I have eat thrown away meat.

Wednesday, July 22:
After breakfast of hard tack, coffee and our picked meat BURGETT and I crossed the river to get some laurel root for pipes and rings. We saw one of the prettiest springs I have yet seen. It ran from a ledge of rocks just below a large oak and would fill a pipe of 3 inch calibre. It is 20 feet above the river. I blocked out six pipes before dinner. In the afternoon unloaded wood from the wagons + stacked it alongside the R.R. track. No letters or papers for me today. I had been expecting one for the last 24 hours from Louisa + feel very much disappointed. I feel as though I should not write until I hear from her.

Thursday, July 23rd:
Commenced a letter to George. Worked in the woods loading wood. Came into camp with the expectation of finding a letter from Louisa but was doomed to disappointment. Why do I not hear from home?

Friday, July 24th, '63:
Baked three blackberry pies this forenoon and ate 2 of them for dinner. Chopped in the afternoon. No letter from home tonight. Can it be that Louisa is sick?

Saturday, July 25th, 1863:
This forenoon concluded I would have some blackberry pies so went to work and before dinner had five baked which BURGETT and I will soon demolish. This afternoon did not have to work.

I got a letter from Louisa and mother. Thank God that I am again permitted to hear of the good health of my dear ones. Wrote to Capt. DRURY and Ada.

Sunday, July 26th:
We were ordered to remain in camp during the day as we might be called out at any time to receive the fire of the paymaster. On this account did not have prayer meeting until six p.m. I was abundantly blessed in prayer. Thank God for his mercies and goodness toward me.

Only 3 or 4 companies were paid. Our company expects to be paid tomorrow. Two persons joined our association today so we now have 40 members.

Monday, July 27th, 1863:
Rained during the night. This morning cool and cloudy. We were paid our wages up to the 30th of June. I received fifty-two dollars and have already spent 4 dollars for tobacco, honey, soda and concentrated. Part of the 4 I was owing to the Sutter. I shall send 40 dollars home which will leave me about 6 dollars. Gambling and betting on foot races has been the order this afternoon.

Tuesday, July 28th, '63:
On guard at the cattle pen. When we let them out for water they went across the river to get something to eat as they had been fed nothing for 4 days. I threw off my clothes waded the stream and drove them back.

After supper a foot race came off between a Negro and soldier. They had 50 dollars each on the result and side bets amounted to near $ 900.00 dollars. The Negro came out 5 yards ahead in running 150 yards. I waded the stream to attend a show in the Mich. Mechan + Engineers.

Wednesday, July 29th, 1863:
Was relieved from guard at 8 o'clock a.m. and having no duty to perform for the ballance [sic] of the [sic] concluded to try my hand a cooking pies. I made 8 pies and 1 short cake. All good. I bo't $ 1.50 worth of flour and one of sugar to experiment with. BURGETT + I have concluded to have a bake oven if we can get the brick to make one of.

Morgan was captured near Lisbon, Columbiana Co, Ohio last Sunday p.m., the 26th instant, with near 400 men.

Thursday, July 30th, 1863:
Were marched to the woods to chop notwithstanding a heavy shower of rain was falling. After we had got into the woods, the wind shifted and a terrible storm of lightening rain wind and hail followed. Trees fell in every direction but none of us were injured. After the storm had subsided were marched back to camp. Found it flooded and tents blown down.

Friday, July 31st, '63:
Went to Dechard [sic] to send a box home by express but could not send it because I had not submitted contents of the box to the inspection of the battalion commander. So returned to camp with box and headache. A show in our camp tonight. I'm not going.

Saturday, August 1st, 1863:
On guard. Have three prisoners two of them drunk and quarrelsome. No letters today.

Monday 3rd and Tuesday 4th:
Not well but doing duty. No letters from home.

Wednesday, August 5th:
Am so unwell as to be released from duty. - Noon- just received orders to prepare for a march. Are going to Stevenson Ala. Commenced raining just after dinner and rained until near 4 o'clock. At half past five we broke camp and marched 1/2 mile to the station where we remained through the night. I slept on some poles and kept dry by lying under my rubber.

Thursday, August 6th, 1863:
I rested poorly during the night. Still much better than I expected. Perhaps the opium I had swallowed had something to do with it.

Seven o'clock. - Still at the station waiting for the cars that are to take us to Stevenson. Our battalion commander does not seem to know his business. If he did why were we compelled to sleep out in the rain? O for competent men to command us!

Sunset. - An order has just come for Co. K to return to camp as we are to guard our wagons through to Stevenson. Another evidence of the competency of our officers. Funny that they did not know yesterday that a guard would be wanted for the wagons! I feel tired and weak.

Friday, August 7th, 1863:
Slept good upon the ground last night. Was at the station before sunrise and found the box that was missing last night. Left it with Lieut. DUNN who agrees to send it home from Dechard. I gave him two dollars to pay charges. The five cars we left at the station got off at 9 o'clock. When we shall go I cannot tell but expect to start when we get the order. I feel much better not having so much pain.

Cowan, Tenn, Augth, '63:
Left camp this morning at noon and came to this place by way of Dechard. Arrived here at 5 1/2 o'clock p.m. We are going to bivouack [sic near a beautiful spring. I have my bed made for the night. It consists of two rails across which I have put the staves of a flower barrel. We shall not set our tents.

As we left camp before the mail was distributed I got no letter today. At Dechard I learned that Lieut. DUNN sent my box yesterday. Charges $ 3.50. The whole company rode as we had six wagons and only 30 men. I am much fatigued. Marched nine miles.

Anderson Tenn. Aug 9th:
Started at 6 o'clock this morning and arrived here at 4 o'clock p.m. having made 14 miles over one of the toughest roads I ever saw. We commenced climbing the mountain early this morning and got down into the valley on this side at 12 o'clock. We are not out of the mountains yet, but bivouack [sic] tonight in a valley that is here 3/4 of a mile in width. We are just in front of the brick residence of Mr. Anderson a notorious rebel who owns a tract of 30,000 acres and has been very active in obtaining soldiers for the rebel army. We are not allowed to take even the top rail from his fences. That is the way notorious rebels are treated. Passed one meeting house near a large and clear spring that ran out of the rocks and across the road forming quite a creek. The wagon wheel passed within 10 feet of the rock from whence it flows.

On the mountain we passed one of the ventilators of the tunnel that ran through the mountain far below us. The tunnel is said to be one mile and a half in length.

Stevenson, Ala. Aug. 10th:
Arrived here at noon. Here we found the rebels had made greater preparations for defense than at any other place this side of Tullahoma. They have built one large fort with dyke and ditch, two stockades and a few rifle pits. A large brick building is perforated for musketry - having three lines of portholes on every side of the building. The secesh had burned the large freight house here but the passenger depot was uninjured. The water tank is supplied with water from a spring at the foot of the mountains about 40 rods distant. Our camp is between the tank and the spring. This is said to be the greatest place for whores we have yet found there being more than 40 within our lines.

We have had all the green corn we could eat for the past three days. Most of the corn is getting too hard for roasting ears. Peaches are ripe in some orchards but 19/20ths of them are cling stones. Blackberries are nearly all any more. I have suffered considerable pain today but feel pretty smart tonight. The piles is much better though troublesome.

Tuesday, August 11th, 1863:
Still feeling unwell did not work today. The military authorities have been arresting the whores here and compelling them to tell whether they had the clap or not. Out of the 16 arrested six acknowledged that they had the loathsome disease. Those who were in the enjoyment of health were set at liberty while the rest are kept under guard. These last are to be sent out of our lines. The better way would be to send all such characters away. Husbands are plenty enough now who have been false to their marriage vows.

Stevenson is three miles from the Tennessee River situated in a valley about 4 miles across with mountains on each side. The mountain north of our camp is so high as to hide the constellation of Ursa Major. To get to the top a person would have to travel near two miles. I get no letters from home.

Wednesday, August 12th, '63:
Was on guard last night + today. Wrote to Louisa. Six of the whores were sent outside our lines today. Weather hot. Towards night had a light thunder shower. We have no mail though the troops around us get theirs every day. So things go in the Pioneers.

Thursday, August 13th, 1863:
Just one year ago tonight I enlisted in the fighting family of Uncle Sam. Since then have seen many hard times, much suffering and many lonely hours. But the goodness and mercy of God has attended me and preserved my almost useless life. Oh God, accept my heartfelt thanks for the many mercies towards me and help me to love thee more and serve thee better. Built a mud oven today.

Friday, August 14th, 1863:
Very hot. Were policing a cornfield for a convalescent camp. I am not feeling as well as I would like.

Saturday, 15th, 1863:
This morning got a letter from Louisa and mother. Friends all well -- thank God. Policing again today. This is very hard work. My legs have been painful for 3 or 4 days - mostly in the knee joint. Made 6 apple pies today. Our mud oven works well. News tonight of the evacuation of Chattanooga and the burning of the bridge below here.

Sunday, August 16th, 63:
Feel tired and not very well so keep pretty quiet. Nothing of interest transpiring.

Monday, August 17th, 63:
Washed in the morning and wrote letters to Louisa and mother. In afternoon worked on the R.R. platform and made six elderberry pies. Heard heavy cannonading to the east of south this morning.

Tuesday, August 18th:
Worked on R.R. platform. Have soft bread and fresh beef to eat. Not 1/2 of the men can eat the beef.

Meeting this evening at which Dugold COOK made 4 or 5 speeches the purpose of which appeared to be to cause difficulty and disturb the meeting.

Wednesday, August 19th, '63:
Worked at the R.R. depot. Got medicine of surgeon for the piles. Gen. Rosecrans and staff came in yesterday and today I learn that he intends to make his headquarters here. Troops commenced coming in this afternoon.

Thursday, August 20th, 63:
No work today. Wrote letters and read papers. Everything indicates a forward movement soon. Hurry it along.

Saturday, August 22nd:
Yesterday was on guard at tool house. Today write to Mary E. MORE. This evening had a church trial.

Sunday, August 23rd, 1863:
Got a letter from mother and answered it. Feel lonely and sad. Weather hot. Heard cannonading a little after midnight. Don't know what it meant. Went to church this forenoon, but staid {sic}in my tent the rest of the day as I felt sad, oh, so lonely.

Monday, August 24th, 1863:
Something still oppresses me. What it is or why I cannot tell. Has something dreadful occurred to my dear ones. O, God forbid. Worked on the road in the forenoon; in the afternoon saw Harrison CRAWFORD, Thomas BALL and Wallace PAINE.

Tuesday, August 25th, 1863:
Feel much better today. Weather cool and pleasant. Got a letter from Louisa and answered it. Am on guard tonight.

Wednesday, August 26th, 1863:
Completed letter to Louisa and sent it. Weather hot. Not on duty. Called on Gen. Garfield and conversed with him near 3/4 of an hour. He received me courteously and I left him feeling that he was well worthy the honors conferred upon him.

Thursday, August 27th, 1863:
Worked in the woods cutting timber for R.R. platform. At noon received orders to report to Capt. CLEMENS two miles distant as pontooniers. The company are dissatisfied with the order. Sylvester HARSHMAN called to see me. His regiment is 45 miles distant. We moved our camp and got settled again.

Friday, August 28th, 1863:
Drilled on pontoon bridge building in the forenoon until 9 o'clock. I then made a diagram of what I term my Hydraulic Engine for Gens. Rosecrans and Garfield according to the request of the latter. I had not got the explanation completed when we received marching orders. We were to go to the river and log [?] a pontoon bridge. We left camp at 2 1/2 o'clock p.m. Our camp was hidden from the rebels' eyes by a mountain, hill and a forest except where the R.R. cut through the hill let in a glimpse. To keep the rebels from seeing what we were up to we built a high brush fence across the railroad and our pontoon train passed behind it. During the night a road had been cut through the woods, so that we could move without being observed. We marched with three days rations. About 1 1/2 miles from the camp passed a large spring that had no bottom in sight. A large creek was formed by it. Near it was a tree 14 inches in diameter almost cut down by beavers. We wound about in the woods until 9 1/2 o'clock p.m. when we came to the river. It was a beautiful stream and in connection with the bluffs and forests formed one of the most beautiful moonlight views I ever witnessed. We worked until after 12 unloading boats and then marching a little back from the river laid down and slept till daybreak. That the rebels might not get an idea of what we were about we had, to get only three miles, gone upwards of nine.

Saturday, August 29th, 1863:
Before sunrise we were again upon the banks of the beautiful Tennessee making preparations to launch our pontoons. 15 cannon were planted upon the high bank on our side of the river, and about 15 rods behind us. Ten boats were launched here and about 1/3rd of a mile below us were ten more launched. Into these last 250 men were ordered.

Now came a time of intense excitement. All were quiet and still for we expected that some of the 250 would never reach the opposite shore alive as we had seen the rebel pickets and soldiers washing their hands and faces on the opposite shore, and two picket me stood in plain view while the boats were shoving off. The boats approach the opposite shoe and soon the men had reached terra firma. Then the ten boats at our feet with 250 soldiers shoved off. They, too, landed without opposition of any kind. The rebels - one regiment - had waited long enough to see that we meant to lay the bridge and then skedaddled. Our forces captured some of their pickets that they did not have tome to call in. We completed the bridge and troops were crossing at 2 1/2 o'clock p.m. Length 1212 feet. It required 59 boats, 21,801 feet of 1 1/2 inch plank, and 412 pieces of scanting [?] 26 feet long 5 x 5 inches square, 69 anchors, and an immense quantity of rope &c.

Gen. Rosecrans and staff with Gen. McCook came down and looked at it towards night. They seem well satisfied with the whole proceedings of the day. Slept as well last night, on the ground.

Sunday, August 30th, 1863:
This morning went down and bathed in the clear water of the beautiful Tennessee. The bridge is being covered with willow brush so as to protect the plank from wear. Troops are almost continually passing. An artist is taking pictures of the bridge and selling them for $ 1.00 apiece. At 2 p.m. received orders to return to Stevenson a little over two miles distant. After a rest here of 1/2 hour came on to camp - one mile. The days are warm but the nights cold.

Monday, August 31st, '63:
Left camp a little after sundown last night with knapsacks and tents. Marched 1/4 mile and waited near an hour for the cars to be loaded with pontoons. After three or four cars were loaded go aboard and waited till near 11 o'clock: then ran down to St evenson and were here near an hour. Finally got started for Bridgeport 12 miles distant where we arrived 15 minutes to one in the morning. We slept upon the ground by the side of the railroad. After breakfast went to loading pontoons on wagons and drawing them to the river - about 40 rods - and launching them. We worked at this nearly all day. Just before sundown Lieut.DUNN and our wagon came up. The Lieutenant brought me a letter from Louisa. After reading it, took a swim in the beautiful Tennessee.

There is an island here six miles long that the rebels occupied week before last. Before leaving they destroyed the greater part of the splendid railroad bridge that spanned the river here. Bridgeport is nothing to speak of except as a military post.

I am still troubled with the piles but think I am gaining slowly. Our water here is poor.

An order has just come for us to go down the river on the pontoons (sundown).

Bridgeport, Ala., Sept. 1st, 1863:
The order to move last night was countermanded and soon we were trying to get a little sleep. But the noise of men unloading pontoons and launching them kept us awake till midnight. Early this morning we were ferried across the river to the island. Our company crossed the island while others took the pontoons around, a distance of near four miles. As soon as the boats got round we w ent to laying the bridge which we finished about 4 o'clock p.m. We then crossed the island and river to camp. While crossing we floated downstream and struck a [?sawyer?] and stove one of the boats which soon filled. We were taken off by other boats that were sent to our assistance. After supper we returned to the island and slept upon the grass near the end of the pontoon bridge.

Two soldiers were drowned while swimming today. One was taken with a cramp and the other went to assist him.

Wednesday, Sept. 2nd, 63:
Went into camp today on the island. The island is almost seven miles long and will average near 1/2 mile wide containing 1,900 acres. Five families live upon it, all claiming to be for the Union.

The bridge on the west side of the island, built by the Michigan mechanics fell letting six teams into the river. This accident has put a stop to the passage of troops. Got an Advocate but no letters.

Thursday, Sept. 3rd, '63:
Was on duty all day and night on the bridge. Troops and teams continually passing. Saw Generals Rosecrans, Crittendons, Thomas, and Garfield. Yesterday our forces under Col. Wilder occupied Kingsville and destroyed the railroad there - thus cutting of f the rebels from railroad communication with Atlanta. Our cavalry brought in 30 prisoners one of them a Captain who said we would be going back to Murfreesboro much faster than we came from there. Wrote to Louisa.

Friday, Sept. 4th, 1863:
Am released from duty today and so pass the time in reading, writing, and looking about. High on the banks, 50 feet above the water, beds of shells are found from a few inches up to near four feet thick. Where or how did they get there? Days warm; nights cold

Saturday, Sept. 5th, 1863:
We're ordered back to the battalion on the west side of the river

Sunday, Sept. 6th, 1863:
Moved camp to the east side of the river. This was done to enable the men to set up tents +c on Sunday that they might be ready for work tomorrow.

Monday, September 7th, '63:
On guard today. The battalion broke ground today on a fort that we are to build just north of the railroad on the east bank of the river. No news from the front since Saturday.

Thursday, Sept. 10th:
Tuesday evening had an excellent meeting as the Lord was with us. Two persons joined the association.

Wednesday I was excused from work by the Surgeon and again today. Received and answered a letter from Louisa. The weather is warm. I have no appetite - cannot eat hard bread or coffee. Am taking pills every three hours. Our meeting this evening was a very precious one. Our hearts were encouraged to trust in God. Oh may we always feel this strong.

Saturday, Sept. 12th, '63:
The rebels have evacuated Chattanooga and are flying before our forces, who are in pu rsuit...I am feeling some better today. Since last Monday have had no appetite and have felt rather poorly. I was afraid that I was going to have a run of fever, but feel encouraged today. I think I shall be all right in a few days. Thank God for his care and goodness toward me. Wrote to Gen. Garfield.

Sunday, Sept 13th, 1863:
Got letters from Louisa and George. Wrote to Louisa.

Conflicting reports are coming in from the front. One has it that our forces are being whipped, another that the rebels are in a tight place &c. Troops were hurrying forward last night and early this morning. I dreamed the rebs had us in a close place.

If Rosecrans can force the rebels to fight and whip them the effect will be extremely salutary just now.

Sunday, Sept. 14th, 1863:
Was up until midnight drawing rations last night. Reveille at 2 this morning. Orders were received last night to march to Chattanooga. Though called up at 2 o'clock we did not start until the middle of the forenoon. Soon after starting we entered the mountains. We wound around zigzagging all day and up to 10 o'clock at night. The roads were exceedingly rocky and rough. After dark wagons were upset broken down and smashed in fine style. Had we been commanded by an officer who understood his business many hundreds of dollars might have been saved to Uncle Sam. Our wagon broke two wheels and did not get neared than three miles of camp. The whole march today has shown inefficiency and want of foresight in officers and has been a hard one on men, mules and wagons. I slept with Sergeant SIMS on the side of the mountain without my blankets.

Tuesday, Sept. 15th, '63:
Another fatiguing and laborious march. I and 11others saved three miles travel and much climbing by marching on the railroad. It is astonishing what art has accomplished in building this railroad through the mountains.

We came up to Mount Lookout about 4 o'clock. This is one of the highest mountains I have yet seen. We slept just outside the picket lines in an empty house. Slept again without blankets.

Wednesday, Sept. 16th:
Passed through Chattanooga the celebrated stronghold of the rebels and cleaned off an old rebel campground and went into camp. I am weak and sick at the stomach. The whole march has been a hard one for me and feeling bad as I do I am put on guard though not my turn to go on.

Chattanooga is not the terrible place it has been represented to be. No wonder the rebels fled.

Thursday, Sept. 17th:
I am released from guard and have the day to myself but feel so unwell that I do not make the exploration about town that I would like. As the graveyard is nearby I have visited it. There are 1,153 graves that hold the bodies of rebel soldiers. Just think of the number of hearts made to bleed by this cursed rebellion. No news from the front.

Friday, Sept. 18th, 63:
Though yesterday was very warm today is cloudy, cool and windy. The reports of a few cannon are heard nearly every night. Cannonading has been heard at intervals during the day indicating warm times in front. Reports are meagre {sic} and conflicting. I feel pretty well today.

Saturday, Sept. 19th, '63:
Was taken very sick after lying down last night with pain in stomache {sic}and bowels. The pain was so severe that I could not sleep during the night. Have been sick all day with much pain.

Heavy cannonading has been heard through the day. Reports are that our forces were driven from 3 to 4 miles. Our battalion is ordered out to work on a bridge which is being built across the Tennessee River. This indicates disaster in front.

Sunday, Sept. 20th, '63:
Weather clear and cool. Last night clear and cold. I feel better than I did yesterday.

Heavy cannonading in front. The smoke of the battle can be clearly seen and from its volume and extent there must be a terrible battle being fought.

The reports are conflicting and not reliable. The rebs are said to have 170,000 men here. Rosecrans is said to be receiving reinforcements from Burnside and Grant while the rebels are said to be strongly reinforced from Lee's and Johnson's armies.

Towards night large Nos. of wounded were coming in. The roads are covered with straglers {sic}who have run from the bullets of the rebels. I am not able to tell whether Rosecrans is whipped or not but at present the indications are that we have been worsted in the fight though the most we hear now is from those who left during the fight and are pretty badly frightened. Later reports may put a different face upon the matter. One thing is evident that a terrible battle has been fought, and probably one of the fiercest and bloodiest of the war.

Monday, Sept. 21st, 1863:
Weather still continues clear, cool and pleasant. Hosts of the wounded are continually coming and being brought in. Major PERKINS and Capt. SPAULDING of the 105th are here. The Capt. is shot through the right knee. I have seen him, John AUXER, wounded in the arm, and BIGELOW, shot in the leg. I saw this morning Harrison CRAWFORD, HALE, BEARDSLEY, and others of Co. F who were not in the fight. HALE and BEARDSLEYseemed very anxious to get across the river, but I guess they will hardly succeed. They are reported to have shown the white feather. CRAWFORD was perfectly cool.

The report is now current that the rebels have skedaddled and are not within 5 miles of the battlefield. I saw large squads of rebel prisoners as they were passing through town.

The battle has not a parallel in the war for ferocity and daring. The rebels seemed bound to win or perish and were drunk on whiskey and gunpowder and fought with the most reckless desperation and daring (2 o'clock p.m.). \

Evening. - Heavy cannonading has been heard this afternoon thus showing that the rebels have been found. The end seems not to be yet. When will, and how will it end is the question on every tongue.

It seems that our army has fallen back and taken a position near town.

Tuesday, Sept. 22nd, '63:
Still fair and clear with cool nights. We have moved camp today about 1 1/2 miles down the river. We are building another bridge across the river 1/2 mile below the first one.

Cannon are still heard at intervals and in different directions. Our lines have been constructed and the wounded are being removed from town. We hope Rosecrans is not going to fall back but that he will here make a stand that will cost the rebels dear to dislodge us. The woods are on fire on the mountains to the south. Buildings are being burned for some purpose that we do not understand.

3 o'clock p.m.
I have just seen the end of a fight between two batteries. Ours silenced the rebel battery in 25 minutes and gave them a few guns as a desert after the rebels had ceased firing. It was an exciting scene and one that will pay to look at. The bombs some of them burst many feet high in the air and made a pretty little cloud of smoke.

Wednesday, Sept. 23rd, 1863:
Still clear and cool notwithstanding the assertions of Savants that rain is sure to follow heavy cannonading and of the common people that we are sure of a storm at the time of the equinox.

We finished our fifth bridge across the Tennessee today. Everything seems to indicate a retrograde movement of our army. Our trains are all on the west side of the river.

Cannonading has been going on all day. What there is to shoot at is more than I can tell. Report after report is continually coming in but as they are so conflicting no dependence is to be put in any of them.

Thursday, Sept. 24th, 1863:
Last night our wagons and tents were sent across the river leaving us two days' rations and our knapsacks. Slept upon the ground last night. This morning at three o'clock was awakened by two cannon and musketry. Again at five heavy cannonading was along our line in front of town though the fog was so dense that a person could not be seen ten rods distant.

At eight o'clock heavy skirmishing on our right. Occasional firing through the day. About 2 o'clock our men made a sally, got the rebs to show themselves and gave them shell and ball for a few minutes.

Friday, Sept. 25th, 1863:
Between 10 and 11 last night the rebs made an attack upon our line and a fight of an hour and five minutes ensued. It was a clear, bright moonlight night and tolerable aim could be taken. The musketry and cannonading was fierce and was a grand and exc iting scene. The rebs were driven back after making two charges. Were ordered out to Fort Negley to work today. ____ Before breakfast.

At Fort Negley we learned that our loss last night was one killed and two wounded. We took twenty-four prisoners, two of them officers. In the forenoon we tore down a house about 20 rods in front of our rifle pits for the purpose of having the ground in front clear. Towards sundown the rebs tried the range of a battery they had planted near the foot of the mountain but their nearest shot fell short 20 rods. Our campground is near two miles from Fort Negley.

Saturday, Sept. 26th, 1863:
The rebels opened upon the 105th which last night was on picket, with shell. Two soldiers were wounded. We are at work on the fort again today. I saw two shots this morning that were good ones. Three or four rebel sharpshooters had got behind the chimneys of a house that we had burned and were trying to pick off our pickets about 100 rods from them. The chimneys are about one mile from the fort. A brass rifled cannon was loaded with a percussion shell and fired at the chimney. The shell struck near the center of the stack about seven feet from the ground and bored a hole through it. From the way the rebels and dust flew we could not help believing that they thought there was danger behind that chimney. Another shell was sent after the flying rebels only to add speed to their flight.

I saw Joseph MORE, Dighton YOUNG, and Newton J. STEADMAN today. They were in the battle and came out without a scratch. Vett HARSHMAN was on picket -- he is all right. Alonzo HOSMER is wounded in the thigh severely.

A singular circumstance came to my knowledge today. George H. KINSEY, Co. F, 75 Indiana was killed in the fight last Saturday. He had told some of his comrade that if he was killed he wanted them to send his photograph, which was then in his pocket, to his friends at home. His body fell into the hands of the enemy and the picture with it. Last night 4 of the rebs were killed and this morning KINSEY's photograph was found in the pockets of one of the dead rebels.

The 105th}is lying about 20 rods from the fort. This fort is now a formidable work but if the rebels wait a few days longer before making an attack all the better for us.

Sunday, Sept. 27th, 1863:
I with about 1/2 of the battalion remained in camp today while the rest went out to work. It is now near sundown and not a cannon fired today.

There is a report in camp that McPherson's corps of Grant's army is at Stevenson. If so George must be there and I may have a chance of seeing him soon.

Still no indication of rain though the 7th day after the battle and the 6th after the equinox. A shower would be a great relief to the army as it is impossible to move without being choked with dust.

The mail is opened again after a close of one week. No letters have been sent off since the battle till today. We had our tents brought to us today.

Monday, Sept. 28th, 1863:
Company K was detailed from the battalion for bridge duty, it having to watch and keep the same in repair. I and four others were detailed to do work necessary to the building [of] a fort on a hill about 1/2 mile from camp. I was not well but done the best I could without supper and breakfast.

Tuesday, Sept. 29th, 1863:
Having been unable to eat for the past three days I felt so weak this morning that I went to the doctor who excused me from work. Set up my tent and filled the bottom of my bunk with branches of pine which is going to make me a very good bed. I have not slept good for more than a week.

As cannonading and skirmishing is of daily and nightly occurrence I shall not notice it each day unless of more than usual importance.

Wednesday, Sept. 30th, 1863:
Though my bunk laid well still my sleep was fitful and unrefreshing. I am still weak, especially in the legs, but am able to eat something.

Yesterday 200 ambulances went after our wounded in the rebels' hands. 175 returned last night and today 300 ambulances have gone out for the same purpose. Our men drive them to the rebel pickets and then the rebels take them, go after the wounded, and return to the pickets where our drivers take them in charge again. Some of our wounded have not had their wounds dressed yet. Our dead are still unburied on the battlefield.

For the first time in many days the sky is overcast with clouds and a rainstorm seem {sic}imminent. A little rain fell this afternoon but we need much more to lay the dust which has filled the atmosphere for days.

Was much cheered by letters from Louisa, mother, and George. I am on duty on the bridge today.

Thursday, Oct. 1st, 1863:
About ten last night commenced raining and rained all night and all day some of the time very hard. If it continues until midnight our bridge will have to be taken up or the flood will carry it downstream.

Company K was at work all day in the rain until 4 o'clock and without dinner. I am wet to the skin and am cold and tired. O how agreeable the fireside at home would be tonight in more senses than one. May the good Lord bless and preserve the dear ones at home.

The prospect is now that we shall have to turn out to work at night in the rain to save the plank on the bridge.

Friday, Oct. 2nd, 1863:
Clear and cool. Worked on the bridge near two hours this morning throwing off mud. Then until 2 1/2 o'clock repairing the damage done by Co. I last night when it was thought the bridge would be swept off. I have a touch of the piles and my legs begin to pain me again. Wrote to George.

It is reported that the rebels captured 300 of our wagons this forenoon as they were coming from Stevenson loaded with commissary stores. If true it is a severe loss to us, as we need the rations badly. We are now on half rations for the next five days.

Saturday, Oct. 3rd, 1863:
On duty on the bridge again today. The river has risen five inches since 8 o'clock yesterday making 9 1/2 inches in all. Five inches more will sweep part of the bridge

Sunday, Oct. 4th, 1863:
Cold and windy. I am more than half sick. The river has risen 7 inches more and still the bridge stands thought the water runs entirely over it near the center. Cannonading today.

Monday, Oct. 5th, 1863:
Weather fair and cool. The bridge broke up at 2 o'clock this morning only about 100 feet of it going down to Dixie. The ends swung around and were held fast by the ropes. I was excused from duty not feeling well during the night and this forenoon. Piles, diarrhea, and pain in the bowels.

At two this p.m. the rebels opened upon our line from 8 or 10 batteries that they had posted on the side of Lookout Mountain. The batteries were so distant that from 11 to 14 seconds elapsed from the time of the flash to the time the explosion was heard. The y rained shell upon the 105 O.V.I. and 107 Indiana but no one was hurt in either regiment though the storm lasted near three hours. Both regiments took to their trenches for safety. Some of their tents were badly torn. Many of the shells burst three and four hundred feet high leaving a beautiful white cloud to mark the place of explosion. Several of their shells exploded before they had flown 1/4 mile from the piece from whence they were thrown. I looked on from the top of a hill within range.

Tuesday, Oct. 6th, 1863:
Worked on a new pontoon bridge that is being built about 1/3 of a mile up the river from camp. Worked all day and have to go on again at midnight and remain til six in the morning.

The rebels have only fired one gun since yesterday from the mountain and that was fired at 8 o'clock tonight. They through a shell....

Chattanooga, Wednesday, Oct. 7TH:
Have suffered considerably today and yesterday from piles. Commenced raining at one o'clock this morning. The day has been a cold, raw, rainy and windy one. I go onto the bridge at noon and midnight for six hours. The bridge was completed today.

Thursday, Oct. 8th, '63:
This is the anniversary of the Battle of Perryville or [?] Chaplin Heights [?]. One year ago I was in the midst of flying balls and bursting shells but through the care and mercy of God I escaped unharmed. Today am in Chattanooga hemmed in by rebels who hope to destroy our army here. One year ago I was nearer home than I expected; today I am not as near as then nor are the prospects of a speedy peace any brighter. Could we gain a good battle and scatter to the winds the army before us peace would soon dawn upon our afflicted country. O that God would hasten the close of the war and restore peace to us on a basis that would be firm and lasting.

Co. K was relieved from bridge duty at noon. Good!

Friday, Oct. 9th, 1863:
Laid in camp all day not one of the company being required to do anything. I am glad of the [?chance?] of resting for I feel that I need it much. BURGETT and I had potatoes for supper, a present from the lieutenant. How good they tasted. The rebels have fired a few guns from the mountains today. BURGETTgot a little molasses last night and we feasted on it with hard tack.

Saturday, Oct. 10th, 1863:
Moved back to the battalion. I suffer considerably from piles and cholic {sic}both night and day. Oh that I could be at the comfortable home fireside where I feel I would soon get rid of my aches and pains. Prayer meeting at night. Only 9 present.

Chattanooga, Oct. 11th, 1863:
Weather fair and cool - too cool for my comfort. I passed a restless night suffering from cold and cholic {sic. I suffer more from pain but have a better appetite than one week ago. Still I eat but little. During the last month have lost eighteen pounds of flesh, falling from 156 to 138 pounds. I fear I shall not be able to stand the cold in our shelter tents .

Had preaching this p.m., after which I went up to the C.C. rooms and got some dried apples, crackers, [?] of ginger &c. Had a good prayer meeting this evening.

Monday, Oct. 12th, 1863:
Weather cloudy, windy and cold. Have suffered much from pain in bowels. Diarrhea worse than ever. Am weak and a little effort tires me much. Cannonading this afternoon. Prospects for a storm good.

Tuesday, Oct. 13th, 1863:
Commenced raining about midnight and has rained almost without intermission since. Walked over to the regiment today and voted for John Brough for Governor of Ohio. The walk fatigued me much. The U.S.C. Com. gave me a can of oysters.

Wednesday, Oct. 14th, 1863:
Another wet, cold day. I am suffering some from pain in the bowels and legs. Am taking Ess. of Ginger which seems to do me more good than old Granny's opium and camphor.

Thursday, Oct. 15th, 1863:
Still another cold and wet day and night. Have considerable pain in the stomache {sic}and a bad feeling generally. Oh for a place at the fireside at home where I could have the sympathy of dear ones and the warmth and rest I so much need.

Report has it that Ohio has given Brough 67,000 majority. Hope its so.

Friday, Oct. 16th, 1863:
Stopped raining this forenoon. Rather to {sic}cool to be pleasant. Have been quite sick all day but feel better tonight. Had a biscuit and nut cake for supper.

I have prayed that God will so order events that I see my home and friends within six weeks. The Bible says the prayer of faith shall be answered. I know God can let me go home if he will and I am going to pray for thirty days and see if he will not hear me. Amen.

Saturday, Oct. 17th, 1863:
Very pleasant today. I am on camp guard. I am and have been almost free from pain during the day. Cannonading from one of our big guns at or near the front of the mountain. Oh Lord grant that I may see my dear wife and children within six weeks from this day. Amen.

Sunday, Oct. 18th, '63:
Wet and cold. I do not feel well. Battalion at work. No meeting near us. Prayer meeting last night. Ten were present. Oh Lord hear my daily prayer and let me meet with my family before the 29th of next month. Amen.

Monday, Oct. 19th, 1863:
Cold in the morning but afterwards pleasant and warm. I called upon Gen. [St. Claire] Morton and showed him my plan for a hydraulic engine. He seemed much taken with it and told me to call again in two or three days. He said I should have an opportunity of making a practical test of the plan. I hope God will lead him to grant me a furlough. Amen.

Chattanooga, Oct. 20th, 1863:
Weather same as yesterday only the fog in the morning was denser.

Rev. E. R. Smith called upon me to tell me why my hydraulic engine would not work. After looking at my diagram a short time he said his objections were all removed and he could not see why it would not work. He asked for the diagram to show to D. Surface [?] cor[respondent]. Cin[cinatti]. Gazette.I afterwards saw Mr. Surface and he concurred with Mr. Smith. He offered to notice the invention in his next letter. I called upon B. LAMPORT0 who is very sick. He asked me to pray for him. Oh may God bless and save him. The C. Com. sent some soup and sauce to Lieut. BARNARD and gave me some crackers.

Oh Lord let my daily petition come before thee.

Gen. Rosecrans left The Army of the Cumberland today. Gen. Thomas now commands here.

Wednesday, Oct. 21st, 1863:
Warm and showery. In the afternoon had some of the sharpest and loudest thunder I ever heard. I went out to work without eating a mouthful. Returned to camp at 10 o 'clock and lay in my bunk until four, when we were ordered to move camp. We moved about 100 rods through the rain and mud. I had to go 5 times to get all my stuff moved, and it was half past 8 when I got my tent up. I am very tired. - 9 o'clock - A letter and paper were just handed me. I must stop to read the letter.

Thursday, Oct. 22nd, 1863:
Cloudy but pleasantly warm. Called on Gen. [St. Claire] Morton but found him very busy.

Friday, Oct. 23rd, 1863:
Cold, windy and raining. I fixed up my tent by closing up one end with boards, the other with cloth, and banking it up all round.

At 12 last night one of our guns opened upon the rebel line and fired every 15 minutes for more than two hours. Only half of the shells exploded. About ten seconds would elapse from the report of the gun before you would hear that of the shell.

Saturday, Oct. 24th, 1863:
Cloudy, cold and windy. On camp guard. Frank [FALES] has returned to the company and I have taken him into my tent. He has three rather dirty blankets but with mine we shall be able to keep warm nights. I suffered much from pain in my back and chills. A barrel of pork and a box of hard bread were stolen last night from the Commissary. Gen. Grant is said to be here. Several rebels were killed and wounded by our shells night before last. The rebels are said to be leaving to reinforce Lee.

Frank [FALES] got 105 brick and this p.m. we built a fireplace for our tent. It works well and we are now comfortably domiciled. Warm as toast. My health is improving as well as my appetite. Thank God.

Sunday, Oct. 25th, 1863:
Did not sleep a wink last night. Was quite sick vomiting and purging freely. Our tent is warm and comfortable. I am not very well today, being sore all over and quite weak. Have staid {sic}by my tent but have not slept any. Feel as though I could sleep tonight. Heard of LAMPORT's death today. Wrote to Louisa. God bless her and take me to her.

Chattanooga, Oct. 26th, 1863:
Cloudy and warm. Felt quite stiff and lame in the morning but feel much better tonight. Undertook to make some beef soup today and succeeded after upsetting the kettle twice and spilling all the water. Our army was in line of battle nearly all night and today as an attack was expected. Only a few guns were fired during the day.

Tuesday, Oct. 27th, 1863:
Cloudy and warm. Worked at the bridge repairing road.

This morning the pontoons for a bridge went down the river starting 8 1/2 o'clock. They ran the rebel blockade on and before Lookout Mountain with the loss of two wounded and one killed. A division of ours was thrown across the river below the mountain an d had a sharp fight with the rebels who gave way before our troops. We captured two guns. Our forts open on the mountain at the p.m. and for an hour shells were constantly exploding almost up to the summit. Occasional firing all the p.m. Reports of the progress of affairs are very flattering to us

Chattanooga, Oct. 28th, '63:
Clear and warm. Getting out timber for forts. Was troubled much with piles suffering considerable pain. At one p.m. our batteries on the point across the river opened upon the mountain. It required several shots to get the range, but we soon had shel ls exploding o ver and around the rebel batteries on the very summit of the mountain. The rebels soon replied and the whizzing of shells and the boom of cannon was lively for two hours. Then lulled only firing occasionally till dark. Have no reports of casualties or damage.

Thursday, Oct. 29th, 1 1/4 a.m.:
At this hour a single musket, then two, then one, then 1/2 dozen, then a rattle of musketry for five minutes which grew fiercer and more incessant for 15 minutes when it became a steady roll. Cannon now join in and the rattle and roll of musketry, the booming of cannon and the shrieking of shell tell that a warm battle is in progress by moonlight. Bang, bang - bang go the big guns and the musketry keep up a steady barking and snarling. Three-forths {sic}of an hour have elapsed and there is no lull. I'll to bed again.

The battle by moonlight this morning lasted near three hours. Our forces were victorious. Our loss is reported as nearly 200 killed and the same wounded. Rebel was 400 killed, 500 wounded, 200 prisoners, 5 cannon and over 600 small arms. I went over to the regiment to see the surgeon. He gave me 4 powders and a box of salve. I was much fatigued by the walk not having anything in my stomache to strengthen me, having vomited all I ate for breakfast.

Cannonading at intervals during the day.

Saturday, Oct. 31st, 1863:
Cloudy and cold. Worked on the road in the forenoon. Many of the men came out without supper or breakfast. I gave two men three crackers. This afternoon were mustered for pay. I have suffered much from pain during the day. Mucus and blood are about all that passes me.

Chattanooga, Nov. 1st, 1863:
Were ordered last night to be ready to move camp early this morning. Preparations to move were being made when an order came to fall in for work. A lot of driftwood had come down during the night and took out four boats near the center of the bridge and carried them down stream with two men. The center of the bridge was swept down several rods. Boats are running up to the lower bridge from Bridgeport with forage and rations. One boat came up Friday night with 15,000 bushels of corn.

I went out to work with the rest but was so sick returned to camp. The rebels are firing from the mountain this afternoon.

Monday, Nov. 2nd, 1863:
Am feeling a little better today. The rebs keep up a slow fire from the mountain. Some of their shells come so near that their whizzing sounds ugly. The report of the cannon is 13 seconds getting here and flies faster than the shell whic h soon follows. Sound traveling 1,146 feet per second the distance is almost 3 miles. One shell burst high in the air almost overhead. How the fragments flew!

Frank [FALES] is complaining of pain in his left side and is quite restless and uneasy tonight. Two sick dogs in one kennel or dorg [?] house.

Chattanooga, Tuesday, Nov. 3rd:
Am with Frank [FALES] marked light duty with pills to swallow as usual. I went up to the Christian Commission Rooms and wrote to Louisa while there. Called on Gen. [St . Claire] Morton as I came back. He advised me to make an application for a furlough based upon my invention of what I style my "Hydraulic Engine", saying I should have his influence in obtaining it. So I returned to camp, filled up a blank furlough, and wrote out my application and the grounds upon which I base it. Can I get the approval of the Company, Battalion, and Brigade commanders I shall probably succeed.

The rebs amused themselves by throwing shells again today. I saw for the first time tonight the arch of fire left behind a shell in its flight.

Wednesday, Nov. 4th, '63:
Clear and pleasant. This is my thirty-second birthday. How swiftly time slips away. Another year's mercies and blessings demands my gratitude to their Giver. Oh God help me by thy spirit that I may be grateful to Thee and love the {sic} with all my heart. May I more faithfully worship and serve thee in the future than in the past and if permitted to see another birthday may I feel that I have grown much in grace and in the knowledge of thy truth. Oh strengthen and fit me for the temptations and trial that lie before me and may I prove mid all faithful to thee.

The rebels were very quiet during the day. One of our batteries shelled two rebel train of wagons as they were passing down the east side of the mountain.

Thursday, Nov. 5th, '63:
Am with three men on duty at Gen. [St. Claire] Morton's quarters. It is a dreary wet day and I am not feeling as well as yesterday. The Gen's. quarters are at the residence of Mr. Henry Kuhn just west of Main Street. Mrs. Kuhn gave me a piece of cornbread, a plate of soup and one of rice for dinner. At supper time she made tea for me, I furnishing tea, gave me a warm biscuit and sugar with a cup saucer and apron. God bless her for her kindness. She is a very pleasant German lady. I got a handful of tea at the C.C. Rooms, of Mrs. Dickerson.

Last night got a letter from Louisa with 25 cents and two stamps. Folks all well for which I thank God. Cannonading again from Look.

Chattanooga, Nov. 6th, 1863:
When I returned to camp I found Frank [FALES] but the Battalion was gone. It had moved across the river about two miles. When I got to camp I was completely tired out. I had to stop and rest frequently. We lay upon the ground without shelter.

Our camp is on the top of a high ridge well covered with an oak forest. This will soon disappear as much of it will be used to corduroy the road we are to build.

Saturday, Nov. 7th, 1863:
Am feeling quite unwell today. We, BARNES, YOUNG, Frank [FALES] and I, commenced our palace today. Got the roof on and let it rest for the night. Weather clear, cold, and windy. Rebs keep up a fire from the mountain.

Sunday, Nov. 8th, 1863:
No religious exercises that I can hear of. Weather same as yesterday. I am still quite unwell. I had some soft bread for dinner. Wrote to Louisa and worked a little on our house.

Monday, Nov. 9th, 1863:
Clear and cold. We got our house enclosed and fireplace so far along that we had a fire in it. Quite comfortable though we have no bunks yet but sleep on the ground.

Tuesday, Nov. 10th, 1863:
Clear and pleasant days with cold and frosty nights. Drew full rations for the first time since the 23rd of September having been 48 days on 1/3 and 1/2 rations. Drew coffee, sugar, hard bread, and bacon. We have drawn nothing since we came to Chattanooga but hardtack, coffee, meat, with a little rice once and sugar once in a while. The men have cooked the tails, feet, legs. ears, heads, lungs , stomachs and [?] melts, and in fact everything that could be made eatable. Men would quarrel over a leg or stomache. I have had more than I could eat all the time and rations to give away.

Finished our chimney, bunk, and banked up our tent today. I feel some better than usual.

Wednesday, Nov. 11th, 1863:
Passed nearly the whole night without sleep. I had a choking pain just below 'Adam's apple" with pain in my back. I got up about midnight, built a fire and by its light read five chapters in t he Testament. Have not felt at all well today. Paid 50 cts for three small papers of fine cut chewing tobacco. Writing paper worth 50 cts. a quire.

Chattanooga, Nov. 12th, 1863:
Passed an uneasy and restless night. Were it not for our fireplace I should suffer much more. Have a severe cold which affects the right side of my head. Appetite better but I am very weak and a little effort fatigues me much.

[Lieutenant] N.[orman] D.[ecatur] SMITH called to see me this afternoon. Our folks seem to have fallen in love with his wife. They will wake up one of these days. A game is being played upon them by Mrs. McElwain and Edd that I hope they will see in time.

Heavy firing of musketry and artillery was going off at noon on the west side of Lookout. No reports from the battle yet.

Friday, Nov. 13th, 1863:
Pleasant and warm. Am not feeling as well as usual and spent the day in my quarters. Wrote to Addie [HURD]. Nothing exciting transpiring that I can hear of not even a report from the fight yesterday. Lieut. LOW, Q.M. got a knock down argument from the fist of a Major yesterday. From the looks of his cheek it must have been a convincing argument. Indications of rain after a week's fine weather.

Saturday, Nov. 14th, 1863:
Last night pleasantly warm with two or three showers this morning the first falling at four o'clock. I passed another wakeful night not getting a moment of sleep till {sic} after three this morning. I suffered some pain and was quite nervous. Visited the sinking fund 6 times during the night. Today has been pleasant since 9 o'clock.

Bro. E. P. Smith of the U.S.C.C. sent me a nice, large apple this morning. It was delic ious. May God bless the Comm. is my prayer. Heavy cannonading towards Lookout for near two hours today. Thunder is muttering tonight to the west of north of us. I am feeling about the same as yesterday.

Sunday, Nov. 15th, 1863:
Pleasant. No work today nor meeting on this side of the river. I felt quite well in the morning but was worse towards night. Cannonading once in a while.

Monday, Nov. 16th, 1863:
Was not excused from work by the surgeon. Went out but did work {sic}. Came in and got coffee for the men and brought back the dishes and remained in camp the rest of the day. A double track of corduroy is being made between the bridges -- two miles. Am weak and feel bad all over.

Tuesday, Nov 17th, 1863:
Am feeling poorly enough though I slept good during the night, having to get up but twice. The medicine I have been taking not seeming to do me any good, I got some sweet gum bark and boiling it got a strong extract which I used in melting sugar and waxed it off and ate it. Time will tell whether there is a balm for diarrhea in the gum bark. My appetite is still poor but I find there are plenty who can eat my rations for me and someone has told the doctor that I draw my full rations if I am sick. Heavy cannonading up the river this morning at sunris e. The Chaplin of the 125th Ill. Was killed while kindling the fire in his tent by a rebel shell.

Wednesday, Nov. 18th, 1863:
Our camp was enveloped by one of the densest fogs I ever saw. It covered us until ten o'clock. Frank [FALES] went over to the C.C. Rooms to get me a few dried cherries. Bro. Smith (E. P.) sent me a paper of cherries, apples, peaches, plums, and raspberries. Also a little ginger wine some plum jam and 4 or 5 newspapers. Frank [FALES] went to the San. Com. And got near a peck of onions. We got an order for some flower from the hospital steward (1.00 worth). And if we can get some soda we calculate to have something to eat. My appetite is improving and in a few days I hope to be able to eat my rations without help from others. Afternoon clear and pleasant with an occasional shot.

Thursday, Nov. 19th, 1863:
I mixed up and BARNES baked 52 biscuits last night before we went to bed. I was sick all night and this morning find myself not so well as I thought I should be yesterday. I ate one biscuit and 1/2 pancake for breakfast. My ginger wine and jam are all gone this morning. I had cold biscuit and peach juice for dinner.

Friday, Nov. 20th, 1863:
Felt quite well this morning though I slept but little during the night. Made some sweet biscuits this morning (20). Went to town with payrolls to get the signatures of BAGG, COLEMAN, and [?] PALFREEMAN but found they were sent to Murfreesboro yesterday. I saw a nice lot of baked apples at the Chris. Com. that has made my mouth water every time I think of them. About one-half of the battalion march tonight with three days rations. Raining.

Saturday, Nov. 21st, 1863:
Rainy. The men that marched out last night only went three miles before their march was countermanded. So they had a nice march of six miles in mud, rain and darkness for nothing. The orderly being unwell I have to act in his place. I feel very tired tonight.

Sunday, Nov. 22nd , 1863:
Pleasant. No religious exercises during the day. Part of the battalion paid off. Large reinforcements were passing camp this afternoon and evening. The battalion were under arms near two hours tonight waiting for orders to march. But they were not wanted. I did not sleep a moment last night and I feel quite poorly today.

Monday, Nov. 23rd, 1863:
Cloudy but warm. Slept some last night though suffering considerable pain. Am feeling worse and cannot eat. Am marked quarters. [?] A little after noon heavy musketry and artillery firing was going on along our lines just east of town. The musketry la sted over an hour. The artillery firing till sundown.

Harrison CRAWFORD made me a visit this afternoon. The death of his child is keenly felt by him. We have no news from the fight on the other side of the river.

Tuesday, Nov. 24th, 1863:
Cool and cloudy. Our company was paid up to the 31st ult. Last night. I received $51.75; twenty five cents were kept back as {being more than}I having drawn that much more than my allowance of clothing according to the Company Book.

In the fight yesterday we captured two rebel regiments -- in all 575 men with one battery of six guns.

Most of the battalion went up the river six miles, put down a pontoon bridge, across which a division passed. Men were first ferried across who captured the pickets along three miles of the rebel lines without a gun's being fired.

Today at noon heavy firing on Lookout Mountain. I went upon a point of the ridge and watched the battle for half an hour. I was so close that the cheers of the rebels could be plainly heard. The battle continued till dark.

Wednesday, Nov. 25th, 1863:
The rebels were driven from the mountain yesterday with a loss of 2,000 prisoners and 4 cannon. A heavy battle is being fought today. Our forces have made an attack on the rebel lines and from the thunder of the battle being more distant than in the forenoon we conclude the rebels are getting the worst of it.

I am feeling worse today than for some time. Do not sit up but a little of the time. Frank [FALES] lost twelve dollars by gambling this P.M. From the long line of bright campfires on Missionary Ridge I am led to conclude that our forces now occupy it. Many a poor wounded soldier will have to lie upon the cold ground this frosty night without fire or blanket. Hope our men are able to attend to their wants by the bright moonlight instead of all being compelled to watch the rebels.

Thursday, Nov. 26th, 1863:
This is Thanksgiving Day at the north and a battle day here. Yesterday our success was complete. Upwards of 5,000 prisoners were captured and more than fifty cannon. 1,000 is said to more than cover our entire loss in killed wounded and missing while the rebel loss in killed and wounded alone will amount to near 2,000. Our army slept in the enemies {sic}quarters last night and this morning large fires are seen in the rebel lines, believed to be their commissary stores which they are destroying to keep them from falling into our hands. Our army has fought with the most determinate courage and there are many instances of reckless daring. The rebels had massed 38 cannon on a position near the railroad which they considered as impregnable. Our men were repulsed in three charges upon it, but the 4th was irresistible and the whole 38 cannon fell into our hands. Here was the bloodiest fighting of the day. Today our army is in pursuit fighting, driving and capturing. If the people of the north only knew how God is blessing our efforts here how earnest will be their prayer and praise today as the {sic}assemble to do God reverence. Oh, that God may hear the cries of his worshipers + let their pain and affliction come before him that we may find favor in his sight and peace be restored to his beloved country.

Frank [FALES] cleared 8 dollars on tobacco today and MURPHY 18. If I was strong enough to walk about I might make a few dollars. I am a little better than yesterday.

Friday, Nov. 27th, 1863:
Reports from the front still more cheering. Last night it was said that we had 20 reb. regts. Surrounded who desired to make a conditional surrender but this our commander would not hear to. This morning the firing is away to the south and east of Lookout Mountain. If God will smile upon our efforts a few days more the war must soon end. Reports from Mead's {sic}army are cheering. Our success here is, or was up to dark last night, all that we could desire. 69 cannon have fallen into our hands.

Saturday, Nov. 28th, 1863:
I am feeling quite bad today. The day has been showery and I always feel worse on such days. My back aches and considerable pain in my bowels. Appetite for hulled corn good.

No cannonading within hearing, nor are there any reports from the front. Got a crystal put into my watch yesterday for 1/2 dollar.

I am told by the paymaster tonight that we captured yesterday at Ringold 7,000 prisoners and 27 cannon which with what we have captured before makes 13,000 men and 86 cannon.

A report says a rebel courier to Longstreet was captured today advis {sic} him (Longstreet) to look out for the Yankees or his whole force would be destroyed. Longstreet is said to be moving against Burnside. Part of our army is pursuing him.

Sunday, Nov. 29th, 1863:
Clear, cold, and windy. I have kept very quiet indoors as I could not stand the cold out. Have only eaten a mush and sugar. I would like some tea but cannot get it.

Last night a large body of rebels were marched across the river - being started fro the north I suppose.

Oh how I long for home and its sweet associations and comforts. Am I ever to enjoy them more? Oh, God be pleased to restore me to the dear ones thou hast given me, I ask, for Christ's sake.

I have to pay 10 cts a pint for corn meal.

Monday, Nov. 30th, 1863:
The battalion went out today with 3 day's rations. They go to Lookout Mountain - came in last night. Frank FALES has more clothes than I have but to get rid of going out he went up to the Dr. in his shirt sleves {sic}and told the doctor he had no coat nor socks and got excused from going out. Before when the Batt. went out he was taken very sick with sick headache and could not go. He is very unfortunate but has a splendid appetite. Cool and clear.

I got one lb. Of black tea for $1.00 today. For three days have eaten nothing but mush and sugar eating a pint or more each day.

Tuesday, Dec. 1st, 1863:
Clear and pleasant. Had the best night's rest last night for more than six weeks, not having to get up once. When I went to bed I felt sick and was in much pain but in a {sic}hour's time had forggotten {sic}all in sleep. This morning were ordered to move camp.

Bought one quire of paper + a package of envelops {sic} for eighty cts.

We got all ready to break camp and remained so all day but no movement was made. So tonight unpacked for sleep. Frank [FALES] is gambling with H. HULL who got the news of his wife's death only last week. I am suffering from pain in stomache, back, and bowels.

Wednesday, Dec. 2nd, '63:
Again the order is to get ready for a move. F[rank FALES] says he lost nothing last night but come out even. It was a very painful night for me but this morning I am feeling much better. Day pleasant. I shall go and see Col. Buell the first opportunity I have and see if he will grant me leave of absense {sic}. I mean to call on Gen Thomas if it becomes necessary, and show him my plan for a hydraulic engine.

It is now evening and I am seated in the kitchen and dining room of the U.S.C.C. We left camp at 4 o'clock P.M. YOUNG and I managed to get this far on our way to our new camp (near two miles). We stopped to rest a few moments but Bro.[E. P.] Smith thought we had better stay all night as we would have to lie upon the ground exposed to the keen frost with no shelter but our blankets. I was in so much pain and so weary that I readily aquiesced {sic. We had tea, milk, crackers, baked potatoes jam and soup for supper. I dare not eat much but everything tasted so good. When Bro. [E. P.] SMITH met me with so much kindness my feeling overcame me and I went into a back room and cried freely for a few moments. May the Lord bless Bro. [E. P.] Smith and all those connected with the Commission.

The warmth of the room makes me think of home and my eyes are ready to run over every moment. Mrs. Dickinson of Milwaukie {sic}presides here. She seems like a noble good woman. God bless and keep her.

Thursday, Dec. 3rd, 1863;
I still remain at the Christian Commission Rooms. I am weaker than for 4 or 5 days and suffer considerable pain in my bowels. Oh that I were at home that I might enjoy the sympathy of dear ones and lie upon a comfortable lounge and gaze upon their loved faces.

Bro. [E. P.] SMITH and Sis. Dickinson and all are very kind. I have been fed toast - buttered and milked, baked potatoes, boiled onions, cocoa, crackers, cheese, grapes and such things as they think will not harm me. I eat sparingly of all, not satisfying my appetite. I am taking blackberry cordial. Though suffering more than usual, my bowels seem to be in better condition than for several days.

I went up to Gen. Reynolds' quarters but as he was not there I had no chance of showing him the plan for my hydraulic engine. His aid-de-camp told me to call in the morning.

Friday, Dec. 4th, 1863:
I called upon Maj. Gen. Reynolds at 9 o'clock this morning but he would not even look at my invention. He was very short - said it was out of his line of business entirely. So all my hopes in that direction are dashed to earth. What I shall do I cannot tell. It seems to me as if I must die if I am compelled to live or lie out in camp during the cold weather. My only hope now is in God. Oh may he open the way for me either to health here or to my home and friends that among them and the comforts of home I may be restored to health.

I am still at the C.C. Rooms but suppose I shall have to return to camp today. Oh how I dread this as I feel that cold pain and suffering are before me if I do. May the Lord be with me to cheer and sustain.

Note: Diary book filled. E. R. MORE evidently began a new book, only a portion of which survives. Some text of this date lost, as pages were cut from the new book. The book itself does not survive.

... stood talking with Bro. [E. P.] Smith and Mrs. Harris. Bro. [E. P.] Smith told him that I was the person he wanted detailed to assist here. The officer gave me a searching look and replied -- "he is detailed from this time." How grateful I felt to God and Bro. [E. P.] Smith. The Lord is exceedingly good and merciful towards me. Oh that I may love and obey him while I live.

My walk this P.M. presented me with many of the devastating features of war. A row of nine buildings that were standing when I came to C - [hattanooga] had disappeared, and nothing left to mark their site. The large brick stack of the rolling mill had been undermined and lay in ruins upon the ground. The boilers had been stripped of their brick covering and the siding and roof torn from the mammoth building to furnish materials for soldier's {sic}quarters. Buildings, trees, and fences have all been swept away, and nought {sic}{but the stark earth remains where a few weeks ago were residences, gardens and yards beautifully ornamented. I am weak and fatigued tonight.

Saturday, Dec. 5th, 1863:
Had a light shower in the A.M. I am not so strong as yesterday nor so free from pain. I have attached weights to two doors of the C.C. Rooms and made a bunk for myself. Bro. [E. P.] Smith got a quilt from the San. Com. for me.

This evening I attended prayer meeting. It is encouraging to the heart of the Christian to hear what god is doing in our camps and hospitals. Many are being powerfully wrought upon by the Spirit of God and not a few are converted. Oh that the good work may be increased.

Sunday, Dec 6th, 1863:
Passed the night quite comfortably. Most of the A.M. I was cold + it seemed almost impossible for me to ge t warm. I am taking three time a day a Blackberry Syrup prepared by Chaplain Thomas, and with it blackberry wine and capricum. As the syrup seems to a valuable one I copy the recipe on the next page.

Chattanooga, Tenn. Tuesday, Dec. 8th, 1863:
Rainy. Another wakeful night but less pain than usual. Made an application of cayenne pepper to my bowels which occasioned an agreeable warmth consequently did not suffer from cold as usual during the night. Also bathed my feet and limbs with pepper this morning and have had warm feet during the day.

I was waited upon by an orderly from Col. Buell's Head Qrtrs. Commanding Pioneer Brigade, this A.M. requiring me to report forthwith to Col. Buell. I accompanied the orderly and received an order from Col. B.'s Ajutant {sic of which the following is a true copy:--

Headquarters Department of the Cumberland
Chattanooga, Dec. 5

Special Field Orders No. 326. -- Extract.

VI. Corp. Edwin R. MORE, Co. K, 3rdBatt. Pioneer Brigade, is detailed for duty in the Rooms of the U.S. Christian Commission at this Post. As soon as able for field duty he will be relieved and ordered to join his command.

By Command of Major-General Thomas
Assistant Adjutant General

Corp.E. R. MORE, Co. K, 3rd Batt. Pioneer Brigade

Bro. [E. P.] Smith procured a pass for me, good for this month, of the Provost Marshall, so that I can go anywhere within our lines here.

I received $375.00 worth of P. Stamps of Bro. [E. P.] Smith this A.M. Tonight I have $240.24 left unsold, making the sales of the day $134.76 The business of the Commission has kept 4 of us busy during the day. An immense quantity of reading matter has been loaned and given away. 42 letters in our letter box tonight 8 of which were without stamps. Bro. S. Stamped the 8 and they will be sent with the rest in the morning.

Sergt. WONDERLY came to town today without a pass and is a new prisoner at the guard quarters here. He will be released at 8 in the morning. The Company will have some fun at his expense for a few days to come. I'm tired !

Wednesday, Dec. 9th, 1863:
Cloudy. At 2 o'clock this P.M. I had sold the entire $375.00 worth of stamps. The sales of today amounted to $240.36. I was so much fatigued that I rested the ballance {sic}of the afternoon. I think I am not so strong as I was yesterday. I could not sleep much during the night. I was nervous and uneasy. Could I have a good night's sleep I think it would do me more good than anything else. I long so much to be at home with the loved ones there that it makes me uneasy and perhaps as much to do with my nervousness as the disease from which I am suffering. I do not suppose that I am strong enough to bear the fatigues of a journey home had I a furlough or discharge. I think Bro. S. Intends to make an effort to get me a furlough as soon as he thinks me able to travel. I am willing to accept of a discharge now or almost anything that will take me to the dear one at home. The Lord do with me as he sees will be for by best good. Amen.

Thursday, Dec. 10, 1863:
Pleasant. Have been quite unwell all day not sitting up one-half the time. Tonight am feeling better. I ate some toast, crackers, and tea for supper but my stomach did not retain it more than twenty minutes.

Lieut. BARNARD started home this A.M. He did not pay me what he owes me -- said wait until he came back. I am in hopes I shall be able to go home myself during the present month.

A meeting is held every evening at the Commission Rooms.

I saw a German family this evening who are going north. They say they have got enough of the South.

Nearly all the field officers in Chattanooga went out to the Chickamauga battlefield today. The bodies of the unburied dead presented a horrible spectacle. The brutality of the Southern Chivalry is plainly evidenced by their horrible mutilations of the dead.

Friday, Dec. 11th, 1863:
Pleasant. Felt a little better in the A.M. but still so unwell that I thought the best thing I could do would be to go to a hospital. Not being well enough to attend to the matter myself I spoke to Bro. [E. P.] Smith who took my detail papers, and went to the Medical Director and had me assigned to Post Hospital No. 4. I am in ward No. 5, with about 36 other patients -- wounded and sick. We occupy a room on the 2nd floor with a stove away in one corner that does no good so far as the warmth of the room is concerned. I have a cold and cough and would like a warm place to stay in, but I suppose I shall not find it here.

Mrs. Dickerson wants me to eat at the Commission Rooms but I think I shall board here and get such things of Mrs. D. as I may want.

There is not a person here that I ever saw before though one of the nurses is from Chardon and belongs to the 7th O.V. I.

Saturday, Dec. 12th, 1863:
Cloudy and rainy. Rested much better than usual last night but found myself quite weak this morning. I went up to the Com. Rooms and got my breakfast of toast and tea.

I let Mrs. Dickerson have 25 dollars to keep for me while I remain in hospital, as I thought it safer with her, than in my own hands in hospital.

At 1 this P.M. a salute was fired but what it meant I cannot learn. I think in honor of the arrival of some big man.

The roof of the building is poor and our floor is wet in spots which makes the room damp and uncomfortable. I am not able to get warm either in bed or at the stove.

Sergt. WONDERLY brought my Descriptive Roll this P.M. but was just careless enough to leave a letter for me in camp. It provokes me when I think of his thoughtlessness.

Sunday, Dec. 13th, 1863:
I cannot see that I am either better or worse. My supply of Blackberry Syrup was exhausted last night and the only thing besides food that I have taken during the day is brandy sling. Were it not for the sling I think I should not be able to sit up much of the time.

Breakfast consisted of beef, of which I do not eat, soft crackers, tea, coffee, canned peaches -- about one peach to a man --a spoonful of transparent jell, a small spoonful of rice and a small boiled potato.

For dinner peaches, rice, hardtack, tea, and starch. I had soft crackers and a little cheese from Mrs. Dickerson. Beef was given me but I gave it to another.

For supper, coffee, crackers, suet, and rice. I would like to have had a cup of tea but could get none without sugar. Had a short sermon at 4 from a member of the C. Commission. Wrote Louisa

Monday, Dec. 14th, 1863:
Cold + windy. Feeling a little better this morning I went up to the Commission Rooms and staid {sic}near two hours. Upon returning to my ward I found not only my bunk gone but one-half of all when I went out. I soon learned that the sick and slightly wounded were being transferred to ward four of the same hospital. I found the way to the ward and f ound my bunk was immediately at the head of the stairs leading from the street. As the door is kept open a strong current of cold air is constantly blowing upon my bunk which made it so cold that I did not lie upon it but a short time during the day. I have not been warm since two o'clock this A.M. nor able to get warm. My feet, legs and arms ache with cold and chills run down my back. Diet same as in Ward 5, only more plentious {sic).

Tuesday, Dec. 15th, 1863:
Cold + clear. The nurse put heated sticks to my feet last night and gave me an extra blanket so that I passed the night quite comfortably so far as warmth is concerned. I slept pretty well in the fore part of the night and this morning felt much rested. I ate a potato the size of a shucked walnut and two butter crackers, with butter and pepper and tea.

I hired a boy to go out to the Batt. For my letter and gave him a quarter. The letter proved to be from Louisa and Ada. Hope I shall see them soon Bro. [E. P.] Smith says if he can get the Ward Surgeon's name to a furlough for me that he can get it through so that I can go by the next boat. Oh I do hope he can find the Dr. -- Written at 4 o'clock P.M.

Was awakened a 10 by Bro. [E. P.] Smith who informed me that he had succeeded in getting a furlough for me.

Wednesday, Dec. 16th, 1863:
Cold and windy. I got up at 10 o'clock to go aboard the boat (Paint Rock) so as to make sure of a start for home. Went to the Chris. Com. Rooms and got my money of Mrs. Dickinson. Bro. [E. P.] Smith helped carry my things to the boat 1/2 mile distant. I slept between Bro. [E. P.] Smith and a Lieut. And slept good until 4 1/2 o'clock in the A.M. when I suffered so much from pain in my back and legs that I had to get up.

We left the landing before sunrise at seven had made Kellys L. 28 miles by river and only 8 by land from Chattanooga. Here the U.S. San. Com. Provided a bountiful dinner for the sick and wounded. We had to lay here until 4 P.M. waiting for the sailing of the Dunbar for Bridgeport. We got into B--pt. At 20m to nine o'clock and waited at the Soldier's Home for the ambulances to come down to take us to the hospitals one mile distant. With the ambulances came a terrible storm of thunder and wind and rain and the darkness was intense. Men on horseback with lanterns piloted the train through the driving storm and at 11 o'clock I was in a hospital. The day's travel had fatigued me much and I hardly felt able to crawl. I was soon in bed.

On board the Paint Rock I came across M. L. LEIGHTON [probably Marcus LATHAM, of Troy, of the 41st O.V.I. who told me that Joseph V. MORE was wounded on the 23rd and died on the morning of the 27th Nov. at 4 o'clock. He gave me the bullet that killed Joseph. Left money, watch, and clothing.

At Kelly's Landing came across Geo. BROWN of Middlefield. He was as hearty as a buck. He gave me considerable news of the 7th O.V.I., part of which is that the Regt. went into the last fight with 212 men and 13 officers. It came out with 1 officer, having 5 k. + 7 w. And lost of men 98 k. + w., or 115 left out of a total of 225 officers and men.

Thursday, Dec. 17th:
Cloudy, damp + chilley {sic). Though I had a comfortable place and bunk last night I did not rest or sleep good, consequently am feeling quite poorly today. My cough was and is severe and distressing. Cold has settled in the left side of my head and face making them feel very uncomfortable. For breakfast ate tea + toasted bread with a boiled onion on it. \

I was told yesterday by WAGGONER of Hampden that Wilford A. BAGG is dead. Out of 5 in our Co. Sick of Chronic Diarrhea, only CLINGENPEEL and myself are now alive

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The text of Edwin R. MORE's diary ends with the entry dated December 17, 1863. No later correspondence is known to exist. He returned to Parkman, Geauga County, Ohio in December, 1863 and died there on March 4, 1864. He is buried in Overlook Cemetery, Row 9, Lot 95

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Edwin R. More's Letters

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