The Quarterly Newsletter of
The Surry County Historical Society and Museums, Inc.
Editor: Gordon Bohannan Associate Editor: Barbara Hopper
Volume 8 - Number II May 2008
OUR NEW HOME
President's Report
Progress is being made as we move closer toward getting settled in the new
quarters for the Society's operations. On Sunday, March 30, 2008, about sixty persons
braved the rain, sleet, and cool temperatures to attend "Open House" at 181 Bank
Street in the Town of Surry. Among the attendees were board members, society mem
bers, supporters and friends. They traveled from each corner of the county, Tidewater,
Southside, Richmond and northern Virginia. The event yielded one new society mem
ber and confirmed again the support of others.
Thank you again to all, including members and volunteers who prepared the
building and grounds for the festive event, especially the delicious repast. Thanks to
Mr. Melvin Blizzard for offering his steam engine model for display.
Volunteers are now available on Tuesdays from 10-4 and ready to assist with
limited research while they are shelving and cataloguing books and other resource ma
terials. Stop by or call ahead if you are interested in research opportunities or volun
teering. We are also receiving many needed gifts for the building, however; there are
some lingering needs and liabilities. Consider assisting us with the following:
- Paying down our line of credit with the bank--$35,000.00
- Contract proposal for completing landscaping--$13,000.00
- Cost of railings for front and rear entrances--$2,500.00
- Shelving and cabinetry for the gift shop
- Installation of a locking and security system
- Volunteers to expand Society operation hours
- Shrubbery
- Sand
- Computers
- Copy Machine
- Tables
- Folding Chairs
- Archival Storage Boxes
- Doormats
- Display Cases
Our current cash resources include $24,000 in operations and $47,000 in the
Building Fund. The operations are primarily funded by membership renewals, dona
tions, and book sales. Will you consider joining me to purchase or contribute to some
thing on this list?
Please remember the preservation of our county's history is a most worthy pro
ject. You are very important and valuable to this effort, and therefore please help me to
accomplish it
Respectfully submitted,
James Harrison, President
~~~oo0oo~~~
WANT ADS
What do you think it cost to attend the University of Virginia in
1914? Take a good look at the want ad from a 1914 edition of the
Claremont Herald. Also check the price of marl and you might recog
nize the name of the man selling the milch cows. Vandalism isn't new
as the reward ad proves. Check out the price to place the ads!!!
~~~oo0oo~~~
Moonshine 101, Surry County, Virginia
Several years ago, I wrote an article "Moonshine" Surry County style. It
detailed the tales I heard as I grew up in Surry County. One was the tale my father told
me of an old farm worker who lived in a shanty next to the Blackwater River in Sussex
County at Shingleton Plantation. While hunting late at night he and his friends saw a
light on in the shanty. Dad described in detail the small still boiling away on the wood
cook stove. This took place around 1916, and it was related to me when we saw the ruins of the shanty around 1947.
Little could I realize that approximately sixty years later, in 2007, I would find
an old still exactly like the one he described for sale in a Antique Mall in Richmond,
VA. Surprised, I found that it was legal to sell a still. On the internet many were for
sale new with details and instructions for their use. Apparently the illegality comes
about with the sale of the product, not the machinery. During the days of prohibition
owning a still was illegal.
Anyway, I bought the still. It is about 10 gallons in size, copper, and looks like a
ham boiler with some very special fittings. It has a domed copper top. Soldered on,
with a six-inch screw-on top with a horn on top to receive copper tubing. At the bottom
side is a valve for draining the mash/water out of the still. It was made to set on a cook
stove and made approximately two quarts of moonshine for personal use per run. I will
try to detail how it was used. I have talked to several people who have memories of
these activities, pulled many articles from the internet, and read several books on the
subject.
A disclaimer: I have never seen a working still. I have seen ones in museums
such as the Virginia Historical Society. I have seen many pictures. Member Shirley
Cockes has given me pictures taken by Sheriff Cockes during the many years he
hunted down illegal stills. At this point I have not found anyone to talk to who will acknowledge that they used a still, although I am still trying. While I am restoring this
still, it will be unable to ever make moonshine, as there are holes and plugs which make
it inoperable.
The above being said, I will attempt to describe in generalities how our ances
tors made moonshine whiskey. The materials used:
- corn meal., fermented to create alcohol
- Water, to make a thick mush of the corn meal
- Sugar, necessary to ferment the corn meal and create alcohol
- Malt, used to help ferment the corn meal.
The process:
- Corn meal, water, and sugar, and malt are mixed in a wooden trough to create a
slurry.
- For several days, it was stirred several times daily with a wooden paddle. The temperature must be high enough for the fermenting process to proceed. I can remember the sound of mash being stirred with a wooden paddle on the other side of our
farm when I was a youth. Dad knew what the sound was. He knew who likely
owned the portable still. At Rogers Store that evening he told what he had heard,
and stated that as soon as he could get to the courthouse, he was going to tell Sheriff
Cockes. A couple of days later, a neighbor told dad that he had checked and there
was no still any where close to our millpond.
- When fermenting, the mash will start to bubble and work. Experience will tell the
operator when it is fully fermented.
- When fermented, the mash is placed in the still. The still is on a wood (Kitchen)
stove and heated to a slow boil.
NOW COMES THE INTERESTING PART!
How do you separate the alcohol from the mash and leave the water in the
mash? How do you operate a still? The still must be hidden, close to transportation,
water and fuel.
As you know, water boils (vaporizes) at 212 degrees Fahrenheit. Alcohol vapor
izes at 172 degrees Fahrenheit; therefore, you must bring the mixture up to a temperature above 172 degrees, but well below 212 degrees. This will vaporize the alcohol but
leave the water in the mash. If the water gets too hot, you will vaporize a mixture of
water and alcohol. You then may have to clean out the still and put the alcohol/water
mixture in it and re-distill it. The alcohol vapor then is forced by air pressure through
the copper tubing coming out of the top of the still. This copper tubing quickly cools
the alcohol vapor below 172 degrees and turns it into a liquid. Its proof depends upon
the skill of the operator. It may run from 80 to well over 100 proof. 100 proof spirits is
50% alcohol.
If you did not get most of the alcohol out, your hogs may get a bit tipsy when
they eat the slop that is left. I remember vaguely that local farmers bought spent mash
from a legal still around Petersburg/Hopewell around World War II for hog feed.
Clean up your still and hide it, perhaps in a hollow tree or under hay or peanut
vines, until needed again. Try to hide it where the Feds or sheriff could not prove it
was yours if it was found.
Be careful to always buy your sugar, malt, etc. from trusted friends or from different stores who won't tell anyone.
Southern States Cooperative, who had feed mills in most of their stores, had certain customers who brought in their own supplements to mix with their ground corn.
All it took was an agreeable mill operator to put the mixture together, ready for water
and the still. While it was illegal, the residue was fed to the hogs.
Try to use under-age children to mix and stir the mash. If caught, the law could
not do anything to them. Keep your still hidden under fresh bushes and trees. Sheriff
Cockes could spot dead branches or bushes from his airplane and go directly to the
still. If possible, have your still located close to a public back road with an earthen
bank on the side. You could unload your raw materials without leaving any tracks
where you went into the woods. Only sell to trusted friends. Let them retail the product. Give away free samples to those who can help you.
Postscript: A similar process was used to make brandy, etc. from the fruits of
Surry County, apples and peaches. Many farms near the James River had large or
chards. This was how much of the fruits were marketed. My still will end up in the
Historical Society-likely Rogers Store. Cheers to our history!
Jim Atkins
Jim's Still
|
Newton M. Taliaferro
Chairman of the Surry County School Board
1973-1986 |
"I believe in doing things right as long as it's according
to the law and the golden rule. I'm a firm believer in that rule." |
~~~oo0oo~~~
Newton M. Taliaferro
January 2, 1903-October 27, 1986
Newton Medshach Taliaferro, the fourteenth of fifteen children, was born to
Richard and Harriet Taliaferro in King and Queen County. Newton Taliaferro's
family history dates back to the early 1800's to the Hockley Taliaferro Plantation in
King and Queen County where his grandparents, Robert and Virginia were slaves.
His father, Richard, was born into slavery in 1848. Determined to free himself from
slavery, Richard at the age of twelve escaped by running away to West Point where
securing a rowboat, he, with is brother and another young man, traveled on the York
River rowing nearly all night. He arrived at Yorktown, VA where he joined the Union Army at their Virginia headquarters. Richard and his brother traveled on foot
with the Union soldiers to the Confederate camp of Fort Sumter, Charleston, South
Carolina.
Richard and Robert traveled with the Union Army from South Carolina to
Boston, Massachusetts and then to West Virginia. Richard was too young to be as
signed as a fighting soldier, but he could be a drummer where he had the responsibility of sounding the drums of freedom.
After three years of soldiering, Richard returned to Virginia where he married
Harriet Braxton of Middlesex County. From this union were born fifteen children
with Newton being the fourteenth.
Newton Taliaferro received his primary and secondary education in the King
and Queen County Public Schools. He attended and graduated from Hampton Institute where he met Mozelle Crawford of Surry County who in 1938 became his wife.
To this union Harriett Ann was born.
The Taliaferro's moved to Philadelphia in 1948 where Newton made his living
by papering and painting houses. In 1968, the Taliaferros decided to return to Surry
County where they resided in a two-story white frame house off State Rt. 638.
Surry County was unique in 1968 as its school system was predominately made
up of Black students with no Black representation on the school board. Taliaferro
was approached by J. H. James, chairman of the County School Trustee Electoral
Board who asked him if he would be willing to serve on the school board. He was
quoted as saying that he would accept the job "to do the best I can." Newton Taliaferro made history by being the first of his race to be named to a key policy-making
board in Surry. Newton Taliaferro served as the Chairman of the School Board from
1973 until his death in 1986.
Mr. Newton Taliaferro did his best to represent and serve all the students of
Surry County Public Schools, not one group or one race. I observed this as I taught in
the Surry School System from 1981 until his death in 1986.
By: Barbara Hopper
~~~oo0oo~~~
Surry County Historical Society Nominating Committee Report
April 7, 2008
Committee Members: Deborah Dawson, Chair, Martha Rollings, Phyllis Wacker,
Bill Richardson, Norma Roach
The following members have been nominated to fill the following offices of the Society.
Election of these officers will be held at the May Open Meeting. The membership-at-large can nominate members for any office from the floor at this meeting.
|
President 2008-10 | James Harrison (unchanged) |
Vice President 2008-10 | Eve Gregory |
Secretary/Membership 2008-10 | Barbara Hopper (unchanged) |
Treasurer | Eliza Drew (unchanged) |
| |
Building Committee 2008-2011 | Claude Reeson |
Director 2008-2011 | Tarika Blizzard Green |
Director 2008-2011 | T. C. Lane, Jr. |
Director 2008-2011 | Kent Harrell |
All other board members will be up for re-election or replacement in 2009 or 2010.
Thanks to the committee for a job well done!!!
Important Dates & Times to Remember
Open Meeting at the Surry County Recreation Center
12 May 2008 at 7 p.m.
Speaker for the evening will be Chief Allston of the Nottoway Tribe
Museum's Hours
Tuesdays - 10 a.m. to 4 p. m.
From the Editor
The Surry County Historical Society opened for the first time April 1 and is cur
rently open each Tuesday from 10 A. M. until 4 P. M. Currently the volunteers who
have been opening the society each Tuesday are Bess Richardson, Fay Savedge, Shirley
Cockes, and Hannah Bohannan. They are organizing the files that we had stored in
our former home, "the old jail." Gradually furniture is being moved into the new
rooms.
We had an Open House on March 30th. Over sixty people attended despite the
rain and sleet. Kent Harrell provided delicious punch, and several local members provided refreshments for the occasion. Even though the rooms are not furnished yet, we
did show our visitors all our space on both floors. Everyone was highly complimentary. We especially thank Mr. Melvin Blizzard for coming and displaying his scale
model of the steam engine that once powered the lumber company at Dendron, VA.
There are several projects underway that will be available to the membership
when completed. Jim Atkins and Bess Richardson are finalizing a time-line of Surry's
history from pre-colonial times to the present day. Jim began that project over five
years ago. Jim is also finishing a biography of Adam Boykins who was born in Surry
County and fought for the Union Army during the American Civil War. He retired
and spent the rest of his life as a respected citizen of the county.
I hope to organize A. W. Bobannan's many papers, poems, letters, pictures, and
speeches that have been stored in boxes and donate them to the society. He really loved
our county and spent his life glorifying the "Surry Side" of the James River.
I have also been working for the last ten years on a detailed scrapbook of popular culture during the 20th century, which includes over 10,000 pages of pictures and
information. Through these volumes I hope to show another way of reporting history
during the last century. I hope to display these from time to time showing a different
year each month beginning in June with the year 1900, July with 1940, August with
1960 and September with 1920. Also included will be volumes depicting hundreds of
advertising icons from the last century such as Mr. Peanut and the Quaker Oats Man.
We hope to expand our opening days as soon as we are fully operational. Now
our summer will be filled with trying to finish moving furniture and machines into our
building. In the fall we hope to begin planting trees and shrubbery as well as other
landscaping. We do plan to have a dedication ceremony in the fall. The date for this
activity will be in our next issue.
Also in our next issue, we should have news about the restoration project of the
cabin of the ferry, Captain John Smith. Bill Fox, a member from Williamsburg, is
working diligently to make this project a reality. When and if it is restored, it should
be a popular tourist attraction for the county.
Our society building is not the only new construction changing the landscape in
the town of Surry. Our beautiful courthouse is still undergoing expansion. It will
keep its historical entrance and will have a large addition in the back. Also the government center expansion is nearly complete with enlarged sheriff's quarters and
more courtroom space, which should meet the county's needs for the foreseeable future. A new restaurant has been added on the road to Smithfield.
I want to thank Jonathan Judkins for providing a map to help visitors locate
our new site.
Our Editor: Bo Bohannan, his wife, Hannah and Peggy Atkins
Surry Area
In March of 2006 the congregation of St. Paul's Episcopal Church in Surry
Courthouse, the only active church of Southwark Parish, cleaned up the monument site
after a number of years of being abandoned. The group decided a sign was needed to
better identify the site to those driving by on the road. Last fall, a fence and sign were
installed, and on Sunday, November 25, 2007, an Evening Prayer Service was held to
unveil the new sign and rededicate the site to its restored condition. Members of St.
Paul's, with others in the community and descendents of A. W. Bohannan were present
for the service. The Southwark Monument site is located on Southwark Road between
the town of Surry and Chanco on the James.
Jonathan Judkins
Note: Southwark Parish was established in 1647, and it stretched from what is now Surry
Court House to Cabin Point in the northwest corner and southward to what is now Brunswick County.
|
We have many Surry BOOKS for sale. Most of them cannot be gotten anywhere else! We also have the beautiful Surry Courthouse medallian and the new 1607-2007 ship pin/pendant.
Take a look at them and order with the BOOKS! |
Watch for new listings in our upcoming issues of The Surrey Side News.
~~~oo0oo~~~
MEMBERSHIP
Please keep your dues up to date. We need your support now to be able to afford our new offices. Please make sure your dues are current for 2008. Note the expiration date on your mailing lable. Send your dues payment along with th emembership form to the Surry County Virginia Historical Society and Museums, P. O. Box 262, Surry, VA 23883.
Membership information and Application Form
Please share old photographs and/or stories about your ancestors or places
in the county that are very memorable to you. We are always looking for
new material for the newsletter, or if you have a suggestion for a story you
would like to see us write, please let me know. You can e-mail them to Barbara Hopper at [email protected].
Surry County, Virginia, Historical Society and Museums, Inc.
Architectural Design by C & K Homes, Inc.
The Home of Surry County History
Gift Response Form for the Historical Society Building Fund
Date _______________
Yes, I/ We would like to support the construction of the Historical Society
Building with a tax deductible gift of
$_____________________.
__________ | My/ Our check for this amount is enclosed.
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I/ We would like to make this gift over three years. My/ Our check for 1/3 of the gift
is enclosed. The second payment will be made in _____________, 2009. The final payment will be made in _____________, 2010.
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I/ We would like a pledge reminder sent to me/ us.
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I/ We would like this gift to be anonymous.
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I/ We would like to discuss the naming opportunities available with a Society
representative. Please call me at ____________________ or email me at __________________ |
Checks should be made payable to The Surry Historical Society.
Please note on the memo line of the check "Building Fund" and send to:
The Surry County, Virginia, Historical Society and Museums, Inc.
P.O. Box 262
Surry, VA, 23883
Atten: Treasurer
Name | _________________________ |
Address | _________________________ |
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Telephone | _________________________ (optional) |
Printable Gift Form
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