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This document was generously donated by Hallie Garner .
1890 Special Census of Union Veterans and their Widows, Hancock County, TN, NARA M123, Roll 95
Extracted by Hallie Price Garner for Our Mountain Heritage
“Shot by Revenue Agents” The 1890 Special Census of Union Veterans and Widows HANCOCK COUNTY, TENNESSEE National Archives and Record Administration, Record Group M123, Roll 95 Extraction by Hallie Price Garner, Dallas, Texas 1996 Most of the 1890 census of population was burned in a fire in the Commerce Dept. building in Washington, DC in 1921. None of it survives for Tennessee, leaving a great gap in our knowledge of our ancestors in that time period. However, a special census was taken in 1890 to enumerate the Union Veterans and their widows, and that does survive for Tennessee and many other states. This schedule does not include those men and their widows that fought on the Confederate side, or those who were dead by 1890 without surviving wives. In this time period there were no death records being kept in Tennessee and most courthouse records in Sneedville burned in the two fires at the courthouse since 1890. Therefore, any records that give additional information about your ancestor are valuable. Some of the information in the Remarks column will not be found in any other extant records. Wouldn't you love to know if your ancestor had been "shot by revenue agents," as one widow reported. And don't you admire the bravery of the person who was a prisoner for eighteen months and still reenlisted? Many gems of information are found herein, sometimes including former and later marriages of women that are so hard to find in a county which has no marriage records before 1936.
Because their service was often in units formed outside of Tennessee, you know that some of these men either a) wanted to fight very badly, or b) moved into Hancock Co. after the war. Because of space limitations, the actual dates served have not been extracted, but can be found on the microfilm and in the actual service record. Many men tried to register in this census but their names were marked through because they were found to be Confederate veterans. I have not copied those at this time. Some blanks are left empty because they were empty on the schedule. This census was taken 25 years after the end of the war and many memories, understandably, had faded. If you have a relative on this list, it is usually worthwhile to see if they had a pension application, because much valuable information is given in pension applications. Sometimes a complete list of children is given, as well as dates of marriage, maiden names, and residences. I will print a short excerpt from a pension application at the end of this article to show what kind of information might be gained. Note: The page number is in the order within the county. The ED #is the Enumeration District number, a Census Bureau geographic code.
Pg # ED # Civ Dist Name of soldier or widow Post Office Rank Co. Unit Remarks
1 110 1 Wolf, Nathaniel Brays Pvt I 8th TN Inf stiffness of hips
Givens, William " " G 7th TN Inf reenlisted, neuralgia
Jackson, James " Sgt K 9th TN Cav rheumatism
Larkin, John Brays Pvt L " dislocation of arm and shoulder joint
Medlin, Henry Ball Point, Grainger Co. " E 3rd NC Inf
Wolfe, Wiley Treadway " I 8th TN Inf
Wolfe, Greene B. " " I "
Heck, Nathaniel R. " " G 1st Tn Cav
Pg # ED # Civ Dist Name of soldier or widow Post Office Rank Co. Unit Remarks
Lidia Jones, widow of Jones, William Treadway Pvt 7th KY Inf died in service
Johns, Joseph " " L 8th TN Cav
Simpson, George (col.) " " H Miss Inf
Manerva Holt, widow of Holt, Pryor Luther " G 8th TN Inf killed at Indian Creek, Grainger Co. TN 9 Oct 1863
2 110 1 Johnson, Pleasant " " L 8th TN Cav Asthma
Greene, A. J. " " B " Diarrhea
Royston, Robert A. " " I 8th TN Inf
Martha J, widow of McGinnis, James M. Treadway " I " died in service
Manis, Edward " " E 1 TN Cav
Ruth E. Ogan, widow of name marked through Blackwater no info given
Trent, Madison " no info given
3 110 2 Short, William Treadway Pvt L 8th TN Inf
Harris, Jackson " " L 8th TN Cav
Jemima, widow of Harris, Thomas " " L "
Cope, William A. Luther 1st Lt E " served 6 mos, got separated from co. before discharge
Allie E., widow of Thomas Jones " Pvt G 1st TN Cav
Trent, Wiley R. " " G 9th TN Cav
Trent, William R. Mitchburg " B 1st TN Cav
Jones, John " " H 24th Ky Inf collarbone broken and shoulder joint dislocated, fell off "Wildcat Cliff" in a night march
Seal, Frederick " " A 47th KY Inf Rheumatism
Winstead, Mack Lee Valley, Hawkins Co. " L 8th TN Cav
Pg # ED # Civ Dist Name of soldier or widow Post Office Rank Co Unit Remarks
Drinnon, John Treadway Cpl L 8th TN Cav nasal catarrh & rheumatism
Minerva, widow of Helton, William J. " Pvt L "
Catherine, widow of John Odom " Cpl G 8th TN Inf
Seal, Anderson Michburg Pvt A 47th KY Inf
4 111 3 Carter, Herd Upper Clinch 1st Sgt L 8th TN Cav
Polly Smith, widow of Smith, James " Pvt no info given
Fields, Richard " " 49th KY Inf
Isom, Edens " " G 1st TN Cav
4 111 3 Sarah L. Snapp, formerly widow of William H. Shanks Upper Clinch no info given
Begley, George R. " Cpl E 1st TN Cav
5 111 3 Susan Ford, formerly Susan Albright " no info given
Fields, Shadrach " Pvt E 1st TN Cav
Kilgore, James " " F "
Jones, Joseph " " K 13th TN Cav
Fisher, William " " E 1st TN Cav
Bowen, William H. Kyles Ford " A 1st TN Lght Artlry
McMillan, Abraham " " B 49th KY Inf
Herd, Wiley " " L 8th TN Cav
Cantwell, John " " G 5th TN Cav
Elizabeth Harris, wife of Harris, Nathan " no info given
6 111 3 Matilda Seal, widow of Seal, William Maness, Scott Co.,VA disability
Arrington, Leroy Address not given Pvt E 1st TN Cav
Herd, James " " E "
Pg # ED # Civ Dist Name of soldier or widow Post Office Rank Co Unit Remarks
Mary Fisher, widow of Fisher, Shadrach Address not given no info given
Gowen, Zachariah [prob Goins] " Pvt G 1st TN Cav
Minor, Alfred " " E 8th TN Cav
Wallen, Alfred " " C 8th TN Inf
Willis, Leonard " " G 1st TN Cav
Willis, William " " " "
Fleenor, John " " E "
Willis, Thomas " " G "
Wallen, Joseph " 1st Sgt L 8th TN Cav
Mary A. Wallen, widow of Ivan Wallen (or Alvin?) " no info given
7 111 3 Bailey, John B. Upper Clinch Pvt B 3rd TN Inf
Edens, George " Cpl E 1st TN Cav
Mary Tignor, former widow of Wooton, Robert " no info given
Wallen, Inda, formerly Inda Fields " no info given
Smith, John F. " Sgt A 1st TN Cav
8 112 5 & 10 Pridemore, Wiley Blackwater Cpl E 8th TN Cav
Davis, George W. " Lt. E "
Collins, Bailey Datura Pvt A 1st TN Cav
Brooks, Joseph " 2nd Lt A "
Nancy, Widow of Trent, James G.. " Pvt B " gunshot wound through lungs
Pratt, John Blackwater " L 9th TN Cav
Mullins, Hezekiah Datura " J 1st US Inf
Nancy, widow of Lawson, John M. P. " " B 1st Tn Cav
Trent, William K. " " A 1 Tn Lt Art
Testerman, William P. " Capt E 8th TN Cav
Pg # ED # Civ Dist Name of soldier or widow Post Office Rank Co Unit Remarks
Davis, William B. Blackwater Maj E 8th TN Cav
Mahala, widow of Cody, William Daturga Pvt no info given
9 112 5 & 15 Cope, Alfred Shortburg Pvt A 47th Ky Inf
Cody, Thomas " " L 9th TN Cav
Eliza Rogers, formerly widow of Brooks, Architbald T. Blackwater " B 1st TN Cav
10 113 6 Anderson, George H. Sneedville " Potomac Fleet couldn't give vessel or dates
Collins, Simeon " " A 1st TN Cav
Turner, Francis M. " Lt. E 8th TN Cav
Turner, William " Pvt " "
Baker, Wallen W. " " G 19th Ky Inf
Sargeant, Stephen G. " Cpl D " reenlisted
Maness, Howard " Pvt G 1st TN Cav
Collins, Conoway " Cpl H "
Goins, John " Pvt A "
Goodman, Madison " " " "
Gilbert, Daniel " Corp E 8th TN Cav
Collins, Calaway " Pvt A 1st TN Cav
11 113 6 Mays, Rollin " " B "
Wilbourn, Stephen " " G 8th Tn Cav
Ferguson, Wesley " " E "
Greene, Joseph " " B 1st TN Cav
Emeline, widow of Carter, Winfield " " F "
Melvina, widow of Moles, Joseiah " " B "
Seal, Alfred " " E 8th TN Cav
Mathis, John C. " Sgt B 1st TN Cav
Harris, James " Pvt A "
Givens, Thomas B.. " Sgt E 8th TN Cav
Pg # ED # Civ Dist Name of soldier or widow Post Office Rank Co Unit Rank
Melissa, widow of Stubblefield, John Sneedville Pvt B 1st TN Cav died in service
Greene, Sebert " " G 8th TN Inf
Lizzie, widow of Campbell, William Y. " Sgt E 8th TN Cav
Jarvis, Lewis M. " Capt E "
12 113 6 Rogers, A. L. " Lt L 10th TN Cav
Jarvis, George W. " Pvt 8th TN Cav
Mitchell, John d. " Lt D 19th KY Inf
Orpha, wife of Simeon, widow of Collins, Silas " Pvt A 1 TN Cav died in the Army, Apr/May 1864
Givens, Joshua 6th Civ Dist no info given
13 114 7 & 8 Bradfore, Marion D__phi or De--mophone 1 " C 2nd NC Inf
Leedy, Joe " " D 1st NC Inf
Foley, Horton C. " Sgt E 1st TN Cav
Cloud, William W. " Pvt C 1st TN Inf
Loon, David H. " " D 9th TN Cav
Waddle, Rhebecca " Cpl C 7th TN Inf
Ferguson, Gerry " Pvt D 5th TN Cav
14 114 7 & 8 Moore, Hubbard Henry's Sgt H 12 KY Cav
Willis, Matthew " Pvt not confirmed
Seal, Enoch Pvt C 9th TN Cav cannot get further information
Claxton, Fernando Yellow Spgs. Pvt C "
Claxton, Nancy " Pvt couldn't get info
Mathis, Anderson " Pvt H 1 TN Inf
Hopkins, Arthur New Cedar " D 3rd TN Inf
Ramsey, Josiah Yellow Spgs " I 12 TN Inf
Pg # ED # Civ Dist Name of soldier or widow Post Office Rank Co Unit Remarks
15 114 7&8 Stubblefield, Allex Sneedville Pvt H 1st TN Cav
Williams, Calaway " Cpl K 13 KY Cav
Shell, Albert " Pvt L 4th NC Inf
Ledbetter, Elmira " " K 12 KY Cav
Fields, Asberry " " G 2nd TN Cav
Helton, Kanice 7th Civ Dst widow
Oric, Benjamin " USSol
16 115 14 Parks, Samuel Alanthus Hill Pvt B 1st TN Inf
Clarissa, widow of Hill, David " " I 9th TN Cav died of dropsy after leaving army
Eveline, widow of Busic, Calvin " " A 1st TN Cav died of malarial fever while on duty
Lamarr, Joseph C. " " H 8th TN Cav
Owens, William " " A 1st TN Cav pensioner
Elizabeth, widow of Clarkson, Samuel " " F 8th TN Cav bronchitis, incurred & died since 65
Owens, James B. " " A 1st TN Cav pensioner, lung consumption
Mundy, Jacob J. " " A 1st TN Inf bone scurvy
17 115 14 Spurlock, Thomas " " A 4th KY Inf
Elizabeth, widow of Berry, David " " A 1st TN Cav shot through thigh, killed since 65 by revenue officers
Wolfe, Daloin " " B " shot through ankle, pensioner
Combs, Fielding " " E 5th NJ Art shot in face, reenlisted veteran
Long, Thomas P. " " B 1st TN Art kidney trouble incurred
Farris, John Fenton " H 4th TN Inf prisoner at Camp Morton 18 months, reenlisted
18 115 14 Louthin, Thomas Mulberry Gap " G 8th TN Cav typhoid fever, left chest affected, pensioner
Louthien, David N. " Sgt " " "
Pg # ED # Civ Dist Name of soldier or widow Post Office Rank Co Unit Remarks
Rogers, Thomas H. Mulberry Gap Landsman NSS Ossippi West Gulf Squadron fracture of left leg by gunshot, pensioner
19 115 14 Pugh, Elisah " Capt of ?, Bark William G. Austin
Overton, Robert R. " 2nd Lt G 8th TN Cav ruptured bowels, reenlisted
Smith, James H. " Pvt A 1st TN Cav shot through arm and shoulder
Collins, Milum Sneedville " " no info
Collins, Lewis K. " " " 1st TN Cav shot through leg
Collins, Vardyman Mulberry Gap " E 2nd TN Inf
Goins, John " " H 24th KY Inf reenlisted
20 115 9 Collins, McKinley " " E 8th TN Cav diarrhea, pensioner
21 116 13 Ogan, John Brays " I 8th TN Inv chronic diarrhea
Bray, McHenry " " " "
Greene, Perry Luther " E 9th TN Cav
Allen, John, US Soldier 13th Dist US Sol
Antrikn, John, US Soldier " "
Mullins, Christofer " "
Jarnikn, Elixander " "
Viles, Levi " "
Roberts, Nancy, widow of US Soldier " widow
Montgomery, Elexander " US Sol
Coffee, William " "
Trent, David " "
22 116 Hayes, Harmon M. Dist 10 US Sol
Maxey, Gabrel " "
Fugate, Mary " Widow
Jackson, Peter Dist 13 US Sol
Booth, Nancy " Widow
Fugate, Joseph H. Dist 10 US Sol
Trent, Daniel G. " "
Pg # ED # Civ Dist Name of soldier or widow Post Office Rank Co Unit Remarks
23 116 Davis, William Lee Valley 1st Sgt G 8th TN Inf chronic rheumatism
Seal, Irvin Clinch Pvt C 10 TN Cav prisoner 6 months at Richmond, lungs affected
Lawson, William H. Clinch " G 4th TN Cav shot in right thigh
Seal, Champ M. Sneedvile " B 1st TN Cav kicked by horse, chronic diarrhea
Trent, Robert A. Mitchburg Sgt B "
Buttry, William Clinch L 8th TN Cav
Trent, John C. Clinch Pvt D
24 117 12 Peters, Tillman P. Kyles Ford " Rogers Battalion claims he was a soldier and had formed a batetion? endeavoring to get to the Army to enlist
Nichols, John " " E 8th TN Cav measles
Roberts, Nancy M., widow of Joseph Roberts " " discharge lost, can't get dates
Pridemore, George W. " " C 8th TN Inf gunshot right shoulder, contracted lung disease
Wallen, Robert B. " " G 1st TN Cav kidney disease, chronic diarrhea
Wallen, Jane widow of Wallen, James R. " " 11 TN Cav discharged from service for disability, can't find out causes 2
Bowlin, Britton " " A 10th TN Inf
Livesay, Carter ' " F 2nd TN Inf measles
Wilson, Daniel " " K 8th TN Cav disease, right shoulder, left eye
25 117 12 Livesay, Milum Kyles Ford 1st D Sgt E " chronic rheumatism, lung disease
Bailes, Joseph R. " Pvt E " disease, breast & lumps
Pg # ED # Civ Dist Name of soldier or widow Post Office Rank Co. Unit Remarks
Jane, widow of Weston, Abner A. Kyles Ford Pvt died of measles3, no record kept of dates of enlistment
Nichols, Josiah " Cpl A 1st TN Cav bronchitis, rheumatism, deafness & eyes
Luckey, John H. " Pvt K 5th KY Cav no disability
Goins, Elizabeth A. , widow of Morgan, William B. " " no information
Nichols, Jesse P. " 2nd D Sgt C 8th Tn Inf bronchitis
Sergeant, James F. " Pvt C " disease right hip, side & shoulder, from fever & measles
Baker, Joseph W. " " E 8th TN Cav fever settled limbs, ---, rl----, gunshot right thigh
Baker, Claiborne W. " " " " jaundice (3wks), no disability
Collins, -------- C. " " " " left arm, left ____, left shoulder
26 117 11 Elizabeth, widow of Sizemore, Owen Sneedville Pvt 24 KY Inf died in service
Anderson,Thomas " " A 1st TN Cav measles
Collins, Franklin " " " "
Collins, Howard " " E 2nd TN Inf chronic diarrhea
Mizer, Wilson " " " "
Delp, James " " " 8th TN Cav disease of breast
Collins, Baty " " " " gunshot, mumps & piles
Caroline, widow of Bell, William S. " " L 1st TN Cav
Goins, Alfred " " A " chronic diarrhea, lungs
Pg # ED # Civ Dist Name of soldier or widow Post Office Rank Co Unit Remarks
Davidson, James Sneedville Sgt F 8th TN Cav
Willis, David Kyles Ford Pvt G 1st TN Cav rheumatism, heart disease
27 12 Sizemore, Solomon 12th Dist Sol
To request a copy of a pension application, you must write the National Archives and Records Administration to request NATF Form 80 and fill it out. Using the information in this extraction, you can give them the unit in which your ancestor served. It does not cost anything to apply. If they find a pension record, they will inform you and ask for $10 for copying the complete record. Send the request for the form to: National Archives and Records Administration, General Reference Branch (NNRG-P), 7th and Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20408. Index to the 1890 Special Census of Union Veterans and their Widows, Hancock Co., Tennessee
Albright, Susan 3 Allen, John 8 Anderson, George H. 5 Antrikn, John 8 Arrington, Leroy 3 Bailes, Joseph R. 9 Bailey, John B. 4 Baker, Claiborne W. 10 Baker, Joseph W. 10 Baker, Wallen W. 5 Begley, George R. 3 Bell, Caroline 10 Bell, William S. 10 Berry, David 7 Berry, Elizabeth 7 Blankenbeckler, Sarah Jane 11 Booth, Nancy 8 Bowen, William H. 3 Bowlin, Britton 9 Bradfore, Marion 6 Bray, McHenry 8 Brooks, Architbald T. 5 Brooks, Joseph 4 Busic, Calvin 7 Busic, Eveline 7 Buttry, William 9 Campbell, Lizzie 6 Campbell, William Y. 6 Cantwell, John 3 Carter, Emeline 5 Carter, Herd 3 Carter, Winfield 5 Clarkson, Elizabeth 7 Clarkson, Samuel 7 Claxton, Fernando 6 Claxton, Nancy 6 Cloud, William W. 6 Cody, Mahala 5 Cody, Thomas 5 Cody, William 5 Coffee, William 8 Collins, Bailey 4 Collins, Baty 10 Collins, -------- C. 10 Collins, Calaway 5 Collins, Conoway 5 Collins, Franklin 10 Collins, Howard 10 Collins, Lewis K. 8 Collins, McKinley 8 Collins, Milum 8 Collins, Orpha 6 Collins, Silas 6 Collins, Simeon 5, 6 Collins, Vardyman 8 Combs, Fielding 7 Cope, Alfred 5 Cope, William A. 2 Davidson, James 11 Davis, George W. 4 Davis, William 9 Davis, William B. 5 Delp, James 10 Drinnon, John 3 Edens, George 4 Farris, John 7 Ferguson, Gerry 6 Ferguson, Wesley 5 Fields, Asberry 7 Fields, Inda 4 Fields, Richard 3 Fields, Shadrach 3 Fisher, Mary 4 Fisher, Shadrach 4 Fisher, William 3 Fleenor, John 4 Foley, Horton C. 6 Ford, Susan 3 Fugate, Joseph H. 8 Fugate, Mary 8 Gilbert, Daniel 5 Givens, Joshua 6 Givens, Thomas B.. 5 Givens, William 1 Goins, Alfred 10 Goins, Elizabeth A. 10 Goins, John 5, 8 Goodman, Madison 5 Gowen, Zachariah 4 Greene, A. J. 2 Greene, Joseph 5 Greene, Perry 8 Greene, Sebert 6 Harris, Elizabeth 3 Harris, Jackson 2 Harris, James 5 Harris, Jemima 2 Harris, Nathan 3 Harris, Thomas 2 Hayes, Harmon M. 8 Heck, Lucy E. 11 Heck, Maggie E. 11 Heck, Martha A. 11 Heck, Nathaniel R.. 1, 11 Helton, Kanice 7 Helton, Minerva 3 Helton, William J. 3 Herd, James 3 Herd, Wiley 3 Hill, Clarissa 7 Hill, David 7 Holt,Manerva 2 Holt, Pryor 2 Hopkins, Arthur 6 Isom, Edens 3 Jackson, James 1 Jackson, Peter 8 Jarnikn, Elixander 8 Jarvis, George W. 6 Jarvis, Lewis M. 6 Johns, Joseph 2 Johnson, Pleasant 2 Johnson,Thomas 10 Jones, Allie E. 2 Jones, John 2 Jones, Joseph 3 Jones, Lidia 2 Jones, William 2 Kilgore, James 3 Lamarr, Joseph C. 7 Larkin, John 1 Lawson, John M. P. 4 Lawson, Nancy 4 Lawson, William H. 9 Ledbetter, Elmira 7 Leedy, Joe 6 Livesay, Carter 9 Livesay, Milum 9 Long, Thomas P. 7 Loon, David H. 6 Louthien, David N. 7 Louthin, Thomas 7 Luckey, John H. 10 Maness, Howard 5 Manis, Edward 2 Mathis, Anderson 6 Mathis, John C. 5 Maxey, Gabrel 8 Mays, Rollin 5 McGinnis, James M. 2 McGinnis, Martha J. 2 McMillan, Abraham 3 Medlin, Henry 1 Minor, Alfred 4 Mitchell, John D. 6 Mizer, Wilson 10 Moles, Joseiah 5 Moles, Melvina 5 Montgomery, Elexander 8 Moore, Hubbard 6 Morgan, William B. 10 Mullins, Christofer 8 Mullins, Hezekiah 4 Mundy, Jacob J. 7 Nichols, Jesse P. 10 Nichols, John 9 Nichols, Josiah 10 Odom, Catherine 3 Odom, John 3 Ogan, John 8 Ogan, Ruth E. 2 Oric, Benjamin 7 Overton, Robert R. 8 Owens, James B. 7 Owens, William 7 Parks, Samuel 7 Peters, Tillman P. 9 Pratt, John 4 Price, Lucy 11 Price, Maggie 11 Pridemore, George W. 9 Pridemore, Wiley 4 Pugh, Elisah 8 Ramsey, Josiah 6 Roberts, Joseph 9 Roberts, Nancy 8 Roberts, Nancy M. 9 Rogers, A. L. 6 Rogers, Eliza 5 Rogers, Thomas H. 8 Royston, Robert A. 2 Sargeant, Stephen G. 5 Seal, Alfred 5 Seal, Anderson 3
Seal, Champ M. 9 Seal, Enoch 6 Seal, Frederick 2 Seal, Irvin 9 Seal, Matilda 3 Seal, William 3 Sergeant, James F. 10 Shanks, William H. 3 Shell, Albert 7 Short, William 2 Simpson, George (col.) 2 Sizemore,Elizabeth 10 Sizemore, Owen 10 Sizemore, Solomon 11 Smith, James 3 Smith, James H. 8 Smith, John F. 4 Smith, Polly 3 Snapp, Sarah L. 3 Spurlock, Thomas 7 Stubblefield, Allex 7 Stubblefield, John 6 Stubblefield, Melissa 6 Testerman, William P. 4 Thomas Jones 2 Tignor, Mary 4 Trent, Daniel G. 8 Trent, David 8 Trent, James G.. 4 Trent, John C. 9 Trent, Madison 2 Trent, Nancy 4
Trent, Robert A. 9 Trent, Wiley R. 2 Trent, William K. 4 Trent, William R. 2 Turner, Francis M. 5 Turner, William 5 Viles, Levi 8 Waddle, Rhebecca 6 Wallen, Alfred 4 Wallen, Inda 4 Wallen, Ivan/Alvin 4 Wallen, James R. 9 Wallen, Jane 9 Wallen, Joseph 4 Wallen, Mary A. 4 Wallen, Robert B. 8 Weston, Abner A. 10 Weston, Jane 10 Wilbourn, Stephen 5 Williams, Calaway 7 Willis, David 11 Willis, Leonard 4 Willis, Matthew 6 Willis, Thomas 4 Willis, William 4 Wilson, Daniel 9 Winstead, Mack 2 Wolf, Nathaniel 1 Wolfe, Daloin 7 Wolfe, Greene B. 1 Wolfe, Wiley 1 Wooton, Robert 4 Yount, Martha A. 11 .