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City Directories and Newspapers:
Windows on the past
Such ordinary things as city directories a list of residents
for a particular locality and year can be used as tools to unearth valuable information about our
ancestors.
Before the end of the 18th century several major cities, such as Philadelphia, New York and Boston, had
regularly published city directories. By 1860 there were more than 70 which were published at regular
intervals. Others were published at irregular intervals many other communities.
While city directories are used frequently by genealogists for locating people in a particular place and
time, they may, in some instances, provide additional information such as occupation, names of adult children
still living at home and whether a woman was a widow or head of household. Street directories, often part
of city directories, can be used to help determine the ward or census enumeration district where an ancestor
resided. This information is particularly valuable when tracing urban ancestors in the various unindexed
federal and state censuses.
City directories often contain what is called a "reverse" street directory, which lists streets
alphabetically with the names of people residing at each address. These can be used to identify other
members of the family at the same address who had different surnames. As American cities grew the directories
became more detailed, often containing special sections pertaining to businesses, churches, and organizations.
Addresses of churches can be useful for narrowing the search for those located near to where your family
resided. In large cities it can be a time-consuming task to ascertain which churches were in existence
at particular times city directories can be helpful for this type of research. If you learn the
name of the minister who performed the marriage of your ancestors, a city directory listing for him might
provide you with the name of the church of which he was a pastor.
City directories often indicate whether one was an owner, renter or boarder. If a person was listed as
an owner, then there should be a record of when the property was purchased and/or sold. Another use is
for determining when an immigrant ancestor first appears. Armed with that data, one can search for naturalization
records more easily. Directories also can be useful in identifying and sorting out persons of the same
name by address, ward, occupation and wife's name.
Not everyone was included in these old directories. Ancestors might not have been at home when the data
was compiled or refused to answer the canvasser's questions. Moreover, in some cases, working class families
are excluded, as are entire ethnic neighborhoods. Many directories are not alphabetized accurately and
watch out for variant spelling of surnames and typographical errors.
City directories are widely available in libraries. While most public libraries, historical societies
and state archives have rather extensive collections of their own in-state directories, some have directories
of other major cities. Many older city directories are available in microform and can be accessed through
the Family History Library and its local branches throughout the country.
American repositories with large collections of city directories include:
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
American
Antiquarian Society, Worcester, Massachusetts
DAR
Library, Washington, D.C.
Family
History Library, Salt Lake City, Utah
New
England Historic Genealogical Society, Boston, Massachusetts
Allen
County Public Library, Fort Wayne, Indiana
Newberry Library, Chicago, Illinois
New
York Public Library, New York City, New York
The Press in America
Printing in what became the U.S.A. was first performed in
Massachusetts in January of 1639. However, it was not until April 1704 that the first newspaper was printed
in Boston, by the postmaster, whose office was then regulated by the colonial government. The first
attempt to start a regularly published newspaper was Publick Occurrences Both Forreign and Domestick,
issued in Boston on Sept. 25, 1690. It was shut down four days later by the governor for publishing "doubtful
and uncertain reports." The second American newspaper was published 21 Dec. 1719, also in Boston,
and the third paper, The American Mercury, was published 22 Dec. 1719 in Philadelphia. On 16 Oct.
1725 New York got its first newspaper The New-York Gazette. Those published before 1775
were weekly papers. Soon after the end of the Revolutionary War, daily newspapers began appearing, first
in Philadelphia and New York.
Newspapers
can be wonderful sources of information for local history as well as a genealogical data. While a few
American newspapers date to the 17th century, mostly they are helpful in locating information pertaining
to our families who lived in the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries. In them you may find marriage and death
notices, business and personal advertisements, legal and personal notices and local news pertaining to
your families. Local news can include mention of the illness of family members, voter and jury lists,
school and social events, church and fraternal organizations' functions, political meetings, along with
news pertaining to merchants and the movers and shakers of the community.
While
some original issues of newspapers are extant, most originals are too fragile to use, and as a result
many have been microfilmed and can be obtained on interlibrary loan. Some newspaper abstracts have been
published in book forms or may have appeared in various genealogical periodicals. To determine which newspapers
exist for your research area and where you can access them consult what are called union catalogs. These
identify which libraries or repositories have what editions of particular newspapers.
Many
states have printed bibliographies or union catalogs on newspapers published within their state. The state
archives or library is the repository most likely to have such guides. They can save you considerable
time and frustration.
If
the newspapers of interest to you have been indexed, it will make your research easy. But many have not.
To locate indexes for newspapers use: Milner, Anita Cheek. Newspaper Indexes: A Location and Subject
Guide for Researchers. 3 volumes. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press, 1977-82.
The microfilms of many newspapers are available at state archives, state historical societies, major libraries
within the state and university libraries. They can usually be borrowed through interlibrary loan at your
local library. First determine if a newspaper exist for your locality and time period of interest; and
if so, the name of the newspaper and the repository that has it, then your local librarian can help you
obtain it on ILL.
Family History Library Sources
- United States Newspaper Program National Union List. (FHL
fiche 633332710-14).
Many states are collecting and microfilming the newspapers published in their state. This list is an inventory
of newspapers that had been collected by the Library of Congress and 20 states as of 1985. There is an
accompanying booklet that contains instructions and the key to repository codes (see FHL book 973 B32u).
- The FHL has an excellent collection of newspapers from Tennessee
and Kentucky, some from Utah and other states, including the New York Times to 1916. The library
does not collect newspapers, but it does acquire published indexes and abstracts of obituaries, marriages
and other vital information found in newspapers. Look for these in the FHL Catalog under: [state], [county],
[city] Newspapers. Abstracts are also listed under the Vital Records heading in the catalog.
Newspapers Collections
National Library of Australia: Newspapers/Microform
collections
The British
Library Newspaper Library is located at Colindale Avenue, London, NW9 5HE, England.
Gibson, Jeremy, Local Newspapers, 1750-1920. England and Wales,
Channel Islands; Isle of Man: A Select Location List, available from Genealogical
Publishing Co., Inc., 1001 N. Calvert St., Baltimore, MD 21202.
National Library of Canada: Newspaper collection
National Library of Ireland, Dublin
Newspaper collection
National Library of Scotland
Directory
of Scottish Newspapers,
ed. by Joan P.S. Ferguson
American Newspapers
The United
States Newspaper Program is a cooperative national effort among the states and federal government
to locate, catalog, and preserve on microfilm newspapers published in the United States from the 18th
century to the present.
Listed below by state with date of statehood in parentheses
are links to various repositories with newspaper collections. ILL indicates microfilm copies available
via interlibrary loan from the particular institution.
Alabama
(1819) This state has a law requiring that all county newspapers which carry legal notices
be maintained by that county's probate judge. However, few of the county collections are complete. ADAH
Newspapers on microfilm, by county: The Alabama
Department of Archives and History, 624 Washington St., Montgomery, AL 36130 has the state's most
inclusive collection of this state's newspapers ILL
Alaska
(1959) Several indexes to various Alaska newspapers are available. See Red Book for details.
Consult The Alaskan Newspaper Tree by William R. Galbraith (Fairbanks: Elmer Rasmuson Library,
1975) which is a bibliography listing newspapers concerning Alaska available at the Rasmuson
Library, University of Alaska at Fairbanks (and elsewhere). Alaska
Newspaper Project. Some newspapers published by Alaskan natives are on file at Oregon Historical Society
in Portland, Ore. Alaska Historical Library,
POBox G, Juneau, AK 9981 has some 20th century newspapers ILL.
Arizona
(1912) Arizona State Library, Archives and
Public Records, State Capitol, 1700 W. Washington, Phoenix, AZ 85007 ILL. Arizona
Newspaper Project. Also Arizona Historical Society, 949 E. Second St., Tucson, AZ 85719; Phoenix Public
Library and University of Arizona Library have collections.
Arkansas
(1836) Arkansas History Commission, One Capitol Mall, Little
Rock, AR 72201, has approximately 700 Arkansas newspapers published in about 200 different localities
from 1819 to present. It also has an index to the Arkansas Gazette 1819-1881 and 1964-83. Also
newspaper collections at University of Arkansas,
Available in print: Arkansas Newspaper Abstracts, 1819-1845, by James Logan Morgan, published by
Arkansas Research.
California
(1850) California State Library , POBox
942837, Sacramento, CA 94237-0001 has California newspapers from 1846 to the present,
including long runs of at least one title from each county. A large portion of the collection is available
on microfilm and may be borrowed through ILL. Its California Newspaper Index contains references
to items in various San Francisco newspapers from 1904 to 1980, plus a printed index for the San Francisco
Call extends this coverage back to 1894. Bancroft
Library, University of California at Berkeley also has extensive collection of statewide newspapers.
Colorado
(1876) Newspaper collection is at Colorado Historical
Society, 1300 Broadway, Denver, CO 80203 and Denver Public
Library, 1357 Broadway, Denver, CO 80203. Microfilm copies may be purchased. There is an unpublished
card index to The Rocky Mountain News, 1865-85 at Western History Collection of Denver Public Library.
Connecticut
(1788) Connecticut Newspaper Project. The Connecticut
Historical Society, 1 Elizabeth St., Hartford, CT 06150, has on microfilm (with index, 1764-1820),
Connecticut Courant an early newspaper dating from 1764, and an excellent source for marriages
and deaths in Connecticut, Massachusetts, Vermont and New York. Also check Hale Index a source
of more than 90 newspapers (1750 to ca 1870) on microfilm for marriages and deaths. The Hartford Times
ran a genealogical query column from 1910 to 1967. It has been indexed and filmed by Godfrey Memorial
Library in Middletown and is available in many major research libraries.
Delaware
(1787) The Historical Society of Delaware, 505 Market St., Wilmington,
DE 19801 has a large collection of early northern Delaware newspapers. Southern Delaware newspapers are
at Delaware State Archives, Hall of Records, Dover, DE 19901.
University of Delaware Library has union list of Delaware newspapers. Also check neighboring states, such
as Maryland, Pennsylvania and New Jersey.
District
of Columbia Most of its newspapers are on microfilm at District of Columbia Public Library,
901 G St., N.W., Washington, DC 20001. This includes Daily National Intelligencer, which began
publishing in 1800.
Florida
(1845) Florida State Library & Archives, Florida
Collection, R. A. Gray Building, 500 S. Bronough St., Tallahassee, FL 32399-0250 has extensive collection
with some papers dating back to 1829.
Georgia
(1788) The Georgia Department of Archives and History,
330 Capitol Avenue, S.E., Atlanta, GA 30334, and University of Georgia Library, Athens, GA 30602 are
major sources for microfilmed newspapers. Currently it is difficult to obtain these outside of Georgia.
Also check newspaper collections for Georgia and its various counties in the Family History Library's
catalog.
Hawaii
(1959) - The Family History Library has the newspaper, Nupeka Kuokoa, 1861 to 1927, which includes genealogies.
FHL film 1,020,698-729). Some Chinese newspapers have been microfilmed by the University of Hawaii. Native
Hawaiian genealogies were published in Hawaiian-language newspapers from 1834 to 1900 and are published
in Hawaiian Genealogies: Extracted from Hawaiian Language Newspapers (Laie, Hawaii: BYU, 1983-present)
by Edith Kowelohea McKinzie with Ishmael W. Stagner II, editor. Also see: Hawaiian
Language Newspapers and Hawaiian Historical
Society.
Idaho
(1890) The Idaho State Historical Society, 325 W. State
St., Boise, ID 83702, has all available newspapers published in the state on microfilm and this collection,
except for Idaho Statesman, is available through interlibrary ILL. The Idaho Statesman,
from 1864, is available at Boise State University.
Illinois
(1818) Contact historical and/or genealogical societies in the localities in which your ancestors
lived to determine what indexes have been compiled of genealogically important data from local and county
newspapers. The Illinois Historic Preservation Agency, 112 North Sixth Street,
Springfield, IL 62701, has an extensive microfilmed collection (about 4,900 titles, covering
all 102 counties) of Illinois newspapers. Many date from the early and mid-19th century, with the earliest
dated 1814. The database of cataloged and inventoried Illinois
Newspaper Project can be searched online. ILL. The Chicago
History Museum, North Avenue and Clark Street, Chicago, IL 60614, has an important collection
of Chicago newspapers.
Indiana
(1816) Indiana State Library,
Genealogy Division, 140 N. Senate Ave., Indianapolis, IN 46204 has a large newspaper collection
ILL. The Indiana Collection Vertical File at Allen
County Public Library, 900 Webster St., Fort Wayne, IN 46802 includes newspaper clippings. Indiana
requires its county recorders to maintain for public use, bound volumes of all newspapers published in
their jurisdiction. Some of these start as early as 1852. Another source is Abstracts of Obituaries
in the Western Christian Advocate, 1834-1850, (Indianapolis: Indiana Historical Society, 1988) which
includes genealogical data found in more than 8,000 obituaries in this Methodist church newspaper, which
is not limited to Methodists, and covered Kentucky, Ohio and Illinois as well as Indiana.
Iowa
(1846) State Library of Iowa. State Historical Society,
402 Iowa Ave., Iowa City, IA 52240, has A Bibliography of Iowa Newspapers, 1836-1976.
Kansas
(1861) The Kansas Historical Society, 120 W. 10th Ave., Topeka,
KS 66612, has an excellent collection of Kansas newspapers. Contact the society regarding purchase of
newspapers and in re ILL
Kentucky
(1792) For ancestors who resided in early Kentucky counties, consult The Kentucky Gazette,
which was published in Lexington. It and other Kentucky newspapers are available on microfilm from: Kentucky
Historical Society, Old Capitol Annex, Broadway St., Frankfort, KY 40601; University of Kentucky,
Margaret King Library, Lexington, KY 40506; and The
Filson Historical Society, 1310 South Third Street , Louisville, KY 40208.
Louisiana
(1812) Louisiana Newspaper Project. Consult
Louisiana Newspapers, 1794-1961, by Theodore N. McMullan, published in 1965 by Louisiana State
University Library, Baton, Rouge, LA 70803. The State
Library of Louisiana, POBox 131, Baton Rouge, LA 70821 offers some newspapers via ILL.
Maine
(1820) Folger Library at University of Maine at Orono
has the largest collection
of microfilmed newspapers. It has a computer printout of listings with its holding and a typescript entitled
Maine Newspapers in the Smaller Maine Public Libraries. Also check local libraries, Maine
Historical Society Research Library, 489 Congress St., Portland, ME 04101, and
Maine State Library, State House Station 64, Augusta, ME 04333 for indices to various newspaper vital
statistics.
Maryland
(1788) Maryland State Archives, 350 Rowe Blvd.,
Annapolis, MD 21401 has many newspapers, guides to and abstracts from them, including Newspapers of
Maryland: A Guide to the Microfilm Collection of Newspapers in the Maryland State Archives. A published
Union List of Newspapers in Maryland Libraries was done in 1977. Many newspaper abstracts have
been published also. University of Maryland, McKeldin Library, offers ILL.
Massachusetts
(1788) The largest collection of microfilm copies for this state can be found at Boston
Public Library, Copley Square, Boston, MA 02117. Also check Massachusetts
State Library, 341 State House, Beacon St., Boston, MA 02133. Boston Evening Transcript, a
genealogical column of queries, answers and notes was published from 1894 to 1941 and indices to it and
Hartford Times are available at Boston Public Library.
Michigan
(1837) The Library of Michigan,
Michigan Library and Historical Center, 717 Allegan St., Lansing, MI 48909, has an extensive collection
of microfilmed newspapers that are available for use at the library and ILL. Also check at Bentley
Historical Library, 1150 Beal Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, and Burton
Historical Collection, Detroit Public Library, 5201 Woodward Ave., Detroit, MI 48202.
Minnesota
(1858) Minnesota Historical Society, Historical Building, 690
Cedar St., St. Paul, MN 55101, is the best source for Minnesota newspapers which date from 1849
ILL.
Mississippi
(1817) The Mississippi Newspaper Project has plans to microfilm this state's newspapers, which
are in the process of being catalogued. Contact Mississippi Dept.
of Archives and History, P.O. Box 571, Jackson, MS 39205 and major academic libraries in Mississippi.
Missouri
(1821) The State Historical Society
of Missouri, 1020 Lowry St., Columbia, MO 65201, has an excellent newspaper collection ILL.
A Catalogue of Missouri Newspapers on Microfilm is available for $10. The Missouri Historical Society,
Jefferson Memorial Building Forest Park, in St. Louis, MO 63112-1099 has obituary clippings dating back
more than 100 years mostly from eastern Missouri newspapers and an almost complete collection of
the Missouri Republican, which began in 1808 and the Missouri Gazette, which was published
until 1919.
Montana
(1889) Montana Historical Society, 225 N. Roberts,
Helena, MT 59601 has the largest newspaper collection in the state covering most of the newspapers ever
published in the state ILL. Many papers on microfilm can be found at Montana
State University, Bozeman, MT 59715, and University of Montana,
Missoula, MT 59812.
Nebraska
(1867) Nebraska State Historical Society,
PO Box 82554, Lincoln, NE 68501, has microfilmed Nebraska newspapers dating from territorial days to the
present. Guides are available (about $4) from the society. Contact regarding ILL. Many early Nebraska
newspapers have been indexed and the indices will be checked by historical society's staff.
Nevada
(1864) Microfilmed newspapers are available at Nevada
State Library, Nevada
Historical Society, both located at 716 N. Carson St., Suite B, Carson City, NV 89701, and University of Nevada Reference Library.
Also at University of Nevada at Las Vegas and
Reno. See: The Newspapers of Nevada: A History and Bibliography, 1854-1979, by Richard E. Lingenfelter
and Karen Rix Gash (Reno: University of Nevada Press, 1984). See also Red Book (pp. 427-428) for
list of indices of Nevada newspapers and their locations.
New
Hampshire (1788) Check with New Hampshire Historical Society,
30 Park St., Concord, NH 03301. Post-1900 newspapers, along with some pre-1900 ones, are on microfilm
at the New Hampshire State Library, 20 Park St.,
Concord, NH 03301 ILL.
New
Jersey (1787) Large collections of newspapers are at New
Jersey State Archives, State Library Building, 185 West State Street, CN-307, Trenton, NJ 08625-0307,
and at New Jersey Historical Society, 230 Broadway, Newark, NJ 07104. Many New Jersey newspapers have
extracts in print and were published in the five volumes of New Jersey Archives, 2nd Series.
New
Mexico (1912) Try University of New Mexico, Albuquerque,
NM 87131, and local public libraries. The Albuquerque
Public Library has a collection of territorial newspapers.
New
York (1788) New York State Library, Humanities/History,
Cultural Education Center, 7th Floor, Empire State Plaza, Albany, NY 12230. Checklist available for $4.
The New-York Historical Society, 170 Central Park West, NY, NY 10024-5194, has one of the largest collections
of 18th-century newspapers in the country. Also local libraries have important collections of newspapers
and often have abstracts of marriages and deaths. See also: United
States Resources: New York
North
Carolina (1789) The most extensive collection of North Carolina newspapers on microfilm is
at N.C. State Archives, 109 E. Jones St., Raleigh, NC 27611.
Available for purchase. Also check with local public libraries and academic libraries, especially University
of N.C., Chapel Hill, NC 27514 and William R. Perkins Library,
Duke University, Durham, NC 27701.
North
Dakota (1889) North Dakota Historical Society, Heritage
Center, Bismarck, ND 58505-0179 has a good collection of newspapers ILL.
Ohio
(1803) Ohio Historical Society, Archives-Library
Division, 1982 Velma Ave., Columbus, OH 43211 and the Western Reserve Historical
Society, 10825 East Blvd., Cleveland, OH 44106 has extensive collections. Many local historical societies
in Ohio have obituary files. Also check with both historical and genealogical societies in the county
of interest.
Oklahoma
(1907) Oklahoma State Historical Society
Library and Archives Division, 2100 N. Lincoln Blvd., Oklahoma City, OK 73105, and the University
of Oklahoma Library, Norman, OK 73019 have pioneer and Indian newspapers; OHS has about 90 percent
of all Oklahoma newspapers ever published.
Oregon
(1859) Oregon Historical Society, 1230 S.W. Park
Ave., Portland, OR 97205 has a microfilmed newspaper collection of papers published in more than 100 Oregon
cities from 1846 to 1980 ILL in Oregon only. Some pre-1880 Oregon newspapers are available at the
Bancroft Library, University of California at Berkeley.
Pennsylvania
(1787) State Library of
Pennsylvania, Commonwealth, P.O. Box 1601, Harrisburg, PA 17105, has the state's largest collection.
Contact for information about ILL.
Rhode
Island (1790) Rhode Island Historical Society, 121 Hope
St., Providence, RI 02906, is official repository in state for all published newspapers. It has almost
every state newspaper known from 1732 to the present, including a nearly complete file of the Providence
Gazette (1762-1825). Abstracts of vital records from newspapers can be found in several other repositories
and the society has some abstracts and indexes.
South
Carolina (1788) South Carolina's newspapers, dating from 1732, that are on microfilm, are available
in public and university libraries throughout the state. Large collections of newspapers are available
at S.C. Historical Society, 100 Meeting St., Charleston, SC 29401,
the South Caroliniana Library, University of S.C., Columbia,
SC 29208, and Charleston Library Society, 164 King St., Charleston, SC 29401.
South
Dakota (1889) South Dakota State Archives and State
Historical Society, 900 Governors Drive, Pierre, SD 57501-2217 have an extensive collection of most
of the state's newspapers ILL.
Tennessee
(1796) Tennessee State Library and Archives,
403 7th Ave., N., Nashville, TN 37219 has large collection of newspapers and a card index to marriage
and death notices published in Nashville newspapers. The Draper Manuscript Collection at Wisconsin State
Historical Society, 816 State St., Madison, WI 53706 includes some early Tennessee newspapers.
Texas
(1845) Texas State Library, P.O. Box 12927, Capitol
Station, Austin, TX 78711 has some Texas newspapers are on microfilm and some extracts have been compiled
and published recently.
Utah
(1896) Utah State Historical Society, 300 Rio Grande, Salt
Lake City, UT 84101, has an index of obituaries published in Salt Lake City newspapers from the beginning
of their publications. The Deseret News began publishing in 1850.
Vermont
(1791) Vermont State Library, Supreme Court Building, 111
State, Montpelier, VT 05602 has an excellent collection, beginning with the first publication in 1781.
They are microfilmed some ILL
Virginia
(1788) Library of Virginia, 800 East Broad Street,
Richmond, VA 23219 and Virginia Historical Society, P.O. Box
7311, Richmond, VA 23221 have extensive collections of Virginia newspapers, along with many indices. The
Virginia State Library has some ILL inquire for specific newspapers that are available.
The Virginia
Newspaper Project.
Washington
(1889) Washington State Library, State Library Building,
Olympia, WA 98501, has a large collection of newspapers on microfilm and guides to the collection are
available from this repository ILL.
West
Virginia (1863) West Virginia State Archives,
Division of Culture and History, Cultural Center, Capitol Complex, Charleston, WV
25305, and West Virginia University Library, Colson Hall,
Morgantown, WV 26506 have microfilmed newspapers, and the Family History Library has more than 1,100 microfilms
of West Virginia newspapers including the Wheeling Register dating from 1863 to 1913.
Wisconsin
(1847) State Historical Society of Wisconsin, 816
State St., Madison, WI 53706-1488 has an outstanding newspaper collection the second-largest collection
of newspapers in the U.S. Many are on microfilm and available through ILL.
Wyoming
(1890) Wyoming State Archives, Barrett Building,
Cheyenne, WY 82002, has the most complete microfilmed collection in the state.

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Suggested Reading
& References |
Brigham, Clarence S. History and Bibliography
of American Newspapers 1690-1820.
Clarke, Avis G. Alphabetical Index to the
Titles in American Newspapers, 1821 -1936.
Editor & Publisher International Yearbook
(published in July each year). Contains names, addresses and other details about newspapers currently
published in the United States, Canada, United Kingdom and Ireland, Europe, plus other foreign countries.
Under U.S., check the topics of Weekly Newspapers, Black Newspapers and College and University Newspapers.
Eichholz, Alice (editor). Revised edition. Red
Book. Salt Lake City, Utah: Ancestry, Inc., 1992.
Falk, Byron A. Personal Name Index to The
New York Times Index, 1851-1974.
Gale Directory of Publications and Broadcast
Media is the professional's reference of current print media published in the U.S. and Canada and radio,
television and cable companies.
Gregory, Winifred. American Newspapers 1821-1936,
A Union Lists of Files Available in the United States and Canada.
New England Library Association. A Guide to
Newspaper Indexes in New England (1978).
Newspapers in Microform, United States, 1948-1983
[Washington: Library of Congress, 1984] Note: These dates have nothing to do with the dates of the newspapers
in this collection.
Newspapers in Microform, Foreign Countries,
1948-1983 [Washington: Library of Congress, 1984] Note: these dates have nothing to do with the dates
of the newspapers in this collection.
Remington, Gordon L. King George's Spectacles:
Scrutinizing Colonial Newspapers. Lecture, with excellent syllabus, given at 1994 National Genealogical
Society Conference in the States, Houston, TX.
Ingram, John Van Ness. Checklist of American
Eighteenth Century Newspapers in the Library of Congress. (1912). This volume is organized by state,
city and title and is indexed.
Legeza, Louise Passmore, Effective Newspaper
Research, Heritage Quest Magazine, Issue No. 38 (January/February 1992), pp. 14-17.
Szucs, Loretto Dennis and Sandra Hargreaves Luebking.
The Source. Revised Edition. Salt Lake City, Utah: Ancestry, Inc. 1997.
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