A History and Biographical Cyclopaedia of Butler County, Ohio
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"The storm that was thus brewing was destined first to break upon the head of Dr. BISHOP, who had incurred the dissatisfaction and suspicion of both, but particularly of the ecclesiastical faction. The resignation of Professor MCCRACKEN seemed to present a favorable opportunity for commencing operations under the pretext of a general reorganization. The plan was�and I am sorry to say that I have reason to believe that there were members of the faculty, as already constituted, who were privy to it�for all the faculty to resign, and then elect a new president on the ground of Dr. BISHOP�s advanced age, and make whatever disposition of the other departments as might seem to be best. Two of the older members of the board, and strong partisans of the ecclesiastical faction, waited upon me, to inform me that all the other members of the faculty except Dr. BISHOP and myself had agreed to tender their resignations; and to ask me to do the same, assuring me that we would all, excepting the doctor, be again immediately re-elected. I replied to their proposition by saying that I had no objection to resigning in case I could see any necessity or just reason for such a course; but if it was merely to make the way easy and quiet for cutting off the head of that noble and venerable old man, the father of the institution, who had by his wise and able management and superintendency, under God, raised it from nothing to what it was in its palmiest days, and what it still was, although beginning to feel the effects of more troublous times, I would not resign. They might, if they would, cut off my head, and declare my chair vacant, as they had the power, and as I know some of them had the will, as I fell under the same suspicion and ban from both the factions as Dr. BISHOP. And this would, I presume, have been done, but matters were not yet matured for such a result, and I was, therefore, reserved for another and future holocaust.

"This scheme of a general, voluntary resignation not succeeding, the managing spirits in the board went about their work in a more direct way. The presidency was made vacant by the removal of Dr. BISHOP to a new professorship of history, with (I believe) some adjuncts in the department of moral science, created for the purpose, for they could not face public opinion with a direct and absolute removal. Rev. George JUNKIN, D. D., president of Lafayette College, Pennsylvania, a man perfectly satisfactory to both the factions in regard, and, indeed, selected with a special view, to their two hobbies, was chosen president. James C. MOFFAT, a talented and scholarly young professor, from the same institution, since a professor in Princeton College, and at present a highly respected professor in Princeton Theological Seminary, and author of a book on aesthetics and other minor works, was elected professor of Latin.

" Dr. JUNKIN was a man of ability and scholarship, and a somewhat experienced educator. He had acquired a name and fame as the prosecutor of Rev. Albert BARNES, in the great theological controversy which terminated in the temporary division of the Presbyterian Church into Old and New School; to which, I presume, he owed his election to the presidency of the university. He was a man who had his hobbies, and was not always the most judicious in introducing, and in discussing and defending, them. One of these was the subject of Scripture prophesies, on which he published quite a celebrated and able work. Professor BISHOP will, I presume, recollect his introducing the subject, not very appropriately or in good taste, in his inaugural address, and expatiating, very eloquently and at large, on the great battle of Armageddon, in which the powers of Antichrist are to be finally discomfited and destroyed, which he interpreted in a literal sense. In the fervor and zeal of his declamation he, all at once, broke out into the apostrophe, "Where, where will the students of Miami University be on that day? On which side will they be found?" And he will also recollect the amusing caricature cartoon, suggested by the circumstance, which some wag among the students executed and placarded on the chapel door afterward, representing "Captain JUNKIN, with the students of Miami University, marching to the battle of Armageddon." Two other of his hobbies were extreme Calvinism, as opposed to Arminianism, and anti-abolitionism, to the extent of the justification and defense of American slavery. Moreover he was a man of such intensities of temperament and dogmatic mold of mind as to render him liable to be embroiled in frequent unpleasant controversy, both public and private, with those of a different opinion from his own. In his very first outset in the college, on one of the evenings of the public exercises preliminary to the commencement on which he was to be inaugurated, he unfortunately got into an open quarrel, in the presence of the assembled audience, with the ushers of one of the literary societies, almost threatening a riot. Although on the abstract point of difference and dispute the doctor was right, yet such was the injudiciousness of his course in raising such an issue at such a time, and such the violence of his manner, that it seemed doubtful to some of the members of the board whether it would be best to proceed with the inauguration.

"Indeed, Dr. JUNKIN did not seem to understand a Western community and the state of things in the college. On these points the men that were especially active and efficient in getting him there, under the influence of their prejudice and distorted views, deceived and did him a great disservice by their representation of the state of things, especially in the college. The consequence was that he went, at their call, honestly and mistakenly, in the spirit, and as he supposed, clothed with the functions, of a great and general reformer. But the doctor had the perspicacity and good sense to find out by his experience his mistake; and had it been in his power to have commenced de novo with the stock of knowledge and experience which he had gained at the end of the first two years of his connection with the college, the result would have been different, both to him and it. But it was too late. The result was, that his presidency did not prove a success, and he felt it. After struggling along for three and a half years against difficulties, an a tide of unpopularity on the part of a considerable portion of the students, and also of the general community, he resigned, and went back to Lafayette, in the Fall of 1844, and thence to Washington College, at Lexington, Virginia, of which he had been elected president, where he served for a number of years, till the commencement of the Rebellion. At this period he published a masterly work on what he denominated the "grand fallacy" - John C. CALHOUN'S doctrine of State's rights - and redeemed himself nobly in the minds of many in the free States, whom he had formerly greatly dissatisfied by his views and treatment of the subject of slavery; and although his daughters and two of his sons had married Southerners - "Stonewall" JACKSON and a Colonel PRESTON, of Virginia, both being his sons-in-law - and he had buried his wife, an estimable lady, to whom he was greatly attached, in Lexington, finding he could not control the drift of secessionism in the college, he resigned his presidency, and loyally and indignantly left the State, and came North, shaking off the dust of secession from his feet against it.

"Disappointed in their expectations, and chagrined at the unsuccessful result of their plans, an perhaps more highly exasperated against any members of the faculty whom they suspected of not entirely sympathizing with them in their views, the prime movers of the action by which the presidency was changed, and Dr. JUNKIN brought there, seem to have come to the determination to make a thorough and short work of it, and eliminate by one fell stroke all unsatisfactory elements from the faculty. Accordingly an adjourned meeting of the board was appointed to be held late in the Fall, away from the seat of the college, at Lebanon. At this meeting the work was done, and the desired reform effected, by the elimination of Dr. BISHOP and myself - the doctor, by removing the chair from under him, in the annihilation of his professorship, and me, by removing me from my chair. Professor WATTERMAN was also arbitrarily removed and an almost entire new organization was effected, leaving only Professor MCARTHUR of the old professors remaining, who was perfectly satisfactory to both of the aforesaid factions. This terminated my seventeen and a half years' connection with the institution as a professor. Several years afterward, at the solicitation of Dr. ANDERSON, in the early part of his presidency, I accepted an appointment as a member of the Board of Trustees, and served several years. Until I left that region I kept myself pretty well posted in regard to matters in general connected with the institution, but my knowledge of them in particular was too second-hand and limited to render me a fit chronicler of its later minute history."

As will be seen by the preceding sketch, the path of the leaders of the university was not free from difficulties. The slavery question had become important; but there were many difficulties connected with it which are not now to be perceived. Dr. JUNKIN sided with the majority of the electors in this county, and Dr. BISHOP and Professor SCOTT were in the minority. The other question was that of denominational allegiance. The Presbyterians were just then passing through a division on points which now seem very trivial; but which were then not so regarded. But the university, which was to a great extent under their control, was a State institution, and those who belonged to other sects objected to the views which were there taught. Dr. JUNKIN became involved in a warm contest with the Rev. Thomas E. THOMAS , of Rossville, in which the slavery question and the Presbyterian question were prominent. Dr. JUNKIN made a good defense to the charges against him, but the dissatisfaction continued.

He was succeeded in 1844 by the Rev. E. D. MCMASTER, D. D., who held the office until 1849, then resigning, having Rev. W. C. ANDERSON, D. D., as his successor. Dr. ANDERSON acted as president until 1854, when the Rev. J. W. HALL, D. D., was called to the presidency by the unanimous voice of the Board of Trustees. Dr. HALL presided over the university for twelve years, resigning in 1866. His administration was successful, and when he left there was twelve thousand dollars in the treasury. The Rev. R. L. STANTON, D. D., succeeded him, and resigned in 1871; and after an interval of one year Rev. A. D. HEPBURN was chosen president, holding that position until the suspension of the institution in 1873.

The university derives its revenue from the leasing of the lands of the college township, which are leased for ninety-nine years, renewable forever without revaluation, subject to an annual quit-rent of six per cent on the purchase money. This rent yields an income of nearly six thousand dollars.

An act of the Legislature, passed in February, 1809, directed that the lands should be "offered at auction for not less than two dollars per acre," and "the lessees shall pay six per cent per annum on the amount of their purchase." The first sale was held in Hamilton on the "fourth Tuesday in May," 1810. The lessees did not have originally the right to subdivide their lines; but by an act passed March 22, 1837, they were permitted to do so, the original quit-rent being apportioned pro rata. This was found to work injury to the university, and in March, 1862, the State repealed so much of the act of 1837 as allowed the pro rata division of the quit-rent, and enacted that in all cases of subdivision there should be an increase of the quit-rent, and that no subdivision should be allowed except on the payment of one dollar per annum. Under this premium the income is slowly increasing.

The university has never been aided directly by the State, only indirectly, in that the lands are exempt from State taxes - the quit-rent to the university being reckoned an equivalent. The corporation received the lands in a state of nature, and from these lands and from tuition fees all the money was raised which has been expended in buildings, apparatus, salaries, etc. The buildings, apparatus and library cost upward of $100,000.

From 1824, when the college was opened in the woods, till 1873, when it was temporarily suspended, nearly one thousand young men were graduated, and more than that number received a large part of their education in Miami University. These men have exercised no little influence in giving character and tone to the great West, and not in the West alone, but in other parts of our land, and in other lands, their has been felt for good. A gentleman who had had opportunity to know whereof he affirmed, and was competent to give a just decision, remarked, on a public occasion, that in proportion to numbers Miami University had sent forth more useful men than any other college in our land.

Owing to various causes there had been a gradual decline in the number of students since 1860; considerable money had been spent in the repair of the buildings, and a debt of near $10,000 had been incurred. Under these circumstances, the trustees concluded, in July,1873, that it would be proper and wise "to suspend instruction in the university " for a time.

Since 1873 the debt has been paid in full, and a surplus of $30,000 has been securely invested at eight per cent; and it is hoped that within two years the university will be again opened for the instruction of pupils in all the branches that pertain to a liberal education.

The university was not behind her sisters, or behind the remainder of the county of Butler, in the men she sent to the army. They form a noble army, and are to be found on every battle-field in the West and many in the East. They are as follows:

THE ROLL OF HONOR


ADAMS, Robert N., Brigadier-general.
AYERS, Stephen C., B 20th Ohio.
ANDERSON, Charles, Colonel, 93d Ohio.
ANDREW, George L., Sanitary Inspector.
ANDREW, John W., Lieutenant, E 20th Indiana.
ATEN, Aaron M., Lieutenant.
BELLINGHAM, Daniel, A 86th Ohio.
BROWN, James L., A 60th; K 86th ; A 167th Ohio.
BROOKS, Robert F., Surgeon.
BARROWS, Charles C., C 93d Ohio.
BEATON, William M., 167th Ohio.
BEATON, Daniel P., A 86th; 1st Sergeant, M 2d O. V. C.
BROOKS, Frank D., 167th Ohio.
BROOKS, John K., A 167th Ohio.
BROOKS, Theodore D., Assistant Surgeon, 38th Ohio.
BROOKS, Peter, A 167th Ohio.
BROWN, Henry L., 167th Ohio.
BENNETT, Robert N., B 20th Ohio.
BILLINGS, John S., Surgeon.
BOUDE, J. Knox, Surgeon 118th Illinois.
BOUDE, Edgar A., 2d Lieutenant, 7th Missouri Cavalry.
BURROWES, Stephen A., B 146th Ohio.
BRICE, Calvin S., Captain, 185th Ohio.
BECKETT, David C., Major, 61st Ohio.
BROWN, Charles E., Major, 65th Ohio.
BISHOP, William W., Major, Illinois Cavalry.
BISHOP, George S., A 167th Ohio.
BISHOP, Robert H., Jr., A 86th; A 167th Ohio.
BARTLETT, Thomas B.,167th Ohio.
BRITTON, Orson.
BELL, Thomas C., Captain.
CHAMBERLAIN, William H., Major, 81st Ohio.
CHAMBERLAIN, John R., Lieutenant, C 81st Ohio.
CARTWRIGHT,  Noah, E 15th Kentucky; Lieutenant-colonel.
CLOPPER, Edward N., 1st Lieutenant, K 83d Ohio.
CLARK, J. Harvey, I 167th Ohio.
CHIDLAW, Benjamin W., Chaplain, 39th Ohio.
CLOUGH, James F., F 69th Ohio.
CHILDS, James H., Acting Brigadier-general, Penn. Vols.
DENNISON, William, Governor of Ohio.
DENNIS, Charles, Captain, 47th Ohio.
DAVIS, Benjamin F., A 86th; M 2d Ohio Cavalry.
DOUGLAS, William C., A 86th; K 86th; A 167th Ohio.
DRULY, Thaddeus C., A 86th Ohio; 9th Indiana Cavalry.
DAVIES, Samuel W.
DUNN, N. Palmer, Capt., 29th Ind., killed at Chickamauga.
DODDS, Ozro J., Lieutenant-colonel, Alabama Cav., U.S. Vols.
DAVIES, J. Pierce, 2d Lieutenant, 3d Maryland Cavalry.
DENISE, Charles E., 4th Sergeant, 146th Ohio.
DUDLEY, Adolphus S., Chaplain, 146th Ohio.
DICKEY, Theophilus L.
DANNER, Samuel S., K 37th Ind.; 1st Lieut., A 12th U.S.C.T.
DAVIDSON, John M., F 167th Ohio.
EVANS, Frank, Major, 81st Ohio.
EVANS William H., B 20th Ohio.
EVANS, Owen D., B 20th Ohio; A 69th Indiana.
ELLIS, A. Nelson, Captain.
ELLIOTT, James H., 3d Corporal, H 156th Ohio.
FARR, William L., A 86th; A 167th Ohio.
FERGUSON, William M., A 86th; A 167th Ohio.
FERGUSON, James S., Assistant Surgeon, 167th Ohio.
FULLERTON, Thomas A., Chaplain.
FULLERTON, Hugh S., 1st Lieutenant, C 1st Ohio H. Artillery.
FULLERTON, Erskine B., 1st Lieutenant, K 86th Ohio.
FULLERTON, George H., Chaplain, 1st Ohio.
FULLERTON, Joseph S., Brigadier-general.
FITHIAN, Washington, Surgeon, 14th Kentucky Cavalry.
FITHIAN, Joseph, Surgeon.
FACONER, Jerome, 2d Sergeant, C 93rd Ohio.
FALCONER, John W., Captain A 41st U.S.C.T.
GALLOWAY, Henry P., O. N. G., 100 days' service.
GALLOWAY, Albert, Captain, E 12th Ohio.
GATH, Sampson, D 47th Ohio.
GRAHAM, Mitchel M., A 86th; K 86th Ohio.
GRAHAM, Harvey W., A 167th Ohio.
GRAHAM, Frank, I 167th Ohio.
GUY, William E., Sergeant, A 86th Ohio.
GILL, Heber, A 167th Ohio.
GOODWIN, R. J. M., Colonel, 37th Indiana.
GALBRAITH, Robert C., Chaplain
GROESBECK, John, Colonel, 39th Ohio.
GREGG, John C., I 167th Ohio.
GALLOWAY, Samuel, Commissioner, Camp Chase.
HOLLINGSWORTH, William R., B 39th Ohio.
HUSTON, R. L. M., A 167th Ohio.
HART, J. H., Lieutenant-colonel, 71st Ohio.
HAZELTINE, James F., A 86th; Lieutenant, 127th Ohio.
HOWELL, Benjamin R., B 20th; Captain, F 81st Ohio.
HOWELL, John, Captain, Battery A Bailey's Light Artillery.
HAIR, James A., B 20th Ohio.
HARRIS, Joseph, Sergeant, E 75th Ohio.
HARRIS, A. L., Captain, C 20th; Colonel, 75th Ohio.
HUNT, John R., 1st Lieutenant, 81st Ohio.
HUGHES, Melancthon, 1st Sergeant, K 40th Ohio.
HARRISON, Benjamin, Brigadier-general.
HAYNES, Moses H., Surgeon, 167th Ohio.
HUDSON, R. N.
HOWARD, William Crane.
HIATT, J. Milton. Surgeon.
HARRISON, Carter B., B 20th; 52d Ohio.
HAMILTON, William, I 167th Ohio.
HOR, Versalius, Colonel, 26th Ohio.
HIBBEN, Samuel.
JUDY, George.
JORDAN, W. Jones.
JONES, Abner F.
KEELY, George W., A 167th Ohio.
KUMLER, W. Festus, A 167th Ohio.
KLEINSCHMIDT, Edward H., A 86th; K 86th Ohio.
KEIL, Lewis D., 1st Lieutenant, H 167th Ohio.
LYONS, Charles C., Navy, Master's Mate.
LYONS, James D., A 86th; A 167th Ohio.
LYONS, Robert L., A 167th Ohio.
LEWIS, John C., Captain, F 167th Ohio.
LEWIS, Telemachus C., B 12th Ohio; 36th Indiana.
LOUGH, James M., B 20th; A 86th Inf., Lieut., 2d O. V. C.
LOWES, Abram B., Captain, F 18th Indiana.
LEAKE, J. Bloomfield.
LOWRIE, James A.
LOWE, William B., Captain, 10th U. S. Infantry.
LANGDON, E. Bassatt, Colonel.
LOWE, John G., Colonel, O. N. G.
MCFARLAND, Prof. R. W., Lieutenant-colonel, 86th Ohio.
MCCORMICK, John H., 1st, G 67th Indiana, Major.
MCMILLEN, A. J., Chaplain, 14th Kentucky.
MCGEE, Samuel, Colonel, 14th Kentucky.
MCCRACKEN, S. M., D 47th Ohio.
MCCULLOUGH, Robert N., A 86th Infantry; M 2d Ohio Cav.
MCCLUNG, Orville L., F 69th Ohio.
MCCLURE, William C., A 86th; K 86th Ohio.
MCCRACKEN, John C., A 167th Ohio.
MCCLUNG, David W., Captain.
MCCLUNG, William C., A 167th Ohio.
MCDILL, John B., Surgeon, 63d Ohio.
MCLANDBURG, Henry J., B 26th Ohio; Captain, 17th U. S. I.
MCCLUNG, Alexander C., Captain, 88th Illinois.
MCCLENEHAN, John, Lieutenant-colonel, 15th Ohio.
MCARTHUR, James R., Captain, 6th Illinois Cavalry.
MARSHALL, Thomas B., 1st Sergeant, K 83d Ohio.
MORTON, Oliver P., Governor of Indiana; U. S. Senator.
MILLER, Benjamin F., F 3d; Lieutenant, C 35th Ohio.
MURRAY, O. H., F 3d; Captain, I 5th Ohio Cavalry.
MILLER, Frank E., 66th U. S. C. T.
MILLIKIN, Minor, Col., 1st Ohio Cavalry; fell at Stone River.
MOODY, Stilman.
MARTINDELL, James K. P., A 86th; Sergeant, I 167th Ohio.
MORRIS, Aaron H., K 86th; I 167th Ohio.
MORROW, Jeremiah, A 86th Ohio.
MAYO, Archibald, B 20th Ohio.
MAYO, John W., B 20th Ohio.
MITCHELL, Claud. N., A 86th; 1st Sergeant, K 86th Ohio.
MOREY, Henry Lee, Captain, 75th Ohio.
MOORE, Thomas, Colonel, 167th Ohio.
NAYLOR, James M., Sergeant, I 81st Ohio.
OWENS, Jas. W., B 20th; Lieut., A 86th; Capt., K 86th Ohio.
OLDFATHER, Jeremiah M., H 93d Ohio.
OLDS, William W., Captain, 46th Ohio; fell at Port Gibson.
PECK, George B., Assistant Surgeon.
PECK, Morris, 86th Ohio.
PECK, Hiram D., A 86th Ohio.
PORTER, Wm. L., Major, staff of gens. ROSECRANS and THOMAS.
PATTERSON, John H., A 131st Ohio.
PARSHALL, J. M., 146th Ohio.
PARRISH, O. V., A 167th Ohio.
PLATTER, Cornelius C., D 81st Ohio; Capt., Gen. HAZEN'S staff.
REES, Clayton S., Sergeant, A. 68th Ohio.
ROWAN, Alexander H., A 86th Ohio.
RABB, George J., A 86th Ohio.
RYAN, Michael C., Colonel, 50th Ohio.
REID, J. Whitelaw, Captain.
RANKIN, William, K 37th Indiana.
RUNKLE, Benjamin P., Colonel, 45th U. S. Infantry.
RODGERS, Andrew W., Colonel, 81st Illinois.
RODGERS, J. Harrison, Surgeon.
ROBERTS, George W., B 20th Ohio.
SCHENCK,  Robert C., Major-general Volunteers; M. C.
SMITH, Samuel M., Surgeon-general State of Ohio.
SCOBY, John S., A 68th Indiana; Colonel.
STRONG, Hiram, Colonel, 93d Ohio.
SCOTT, John N., Major, 79th Indiana; U.S. Paymaster.
SMITH, Joseph C., E 5th Ohio Cavalry; Major.
SADLER, William K., Surgeon, 19th Kentucky.
SMITH, John B., Chaplain, 19th Vet. Vol. And 69th Ohio.
SWAN, Benjamin C., Chaplain, 151st Illinois.
SNOW, David B., 2d Sergeant, K 83d Ohio.
SCRIVER, Edison M., A 114th Ohio.
SMITH, Palmer W., A 167th Ohio.
SMITH, Josiah, C 93d Ohio.
SMITH, Ransford, B 35th Ohio; Capt. On staff of Gen. MCCOOK.
SMITH, William H., Jr., U. S. Navy.
SHEELY, Virgil G., A 86th Ohio.
SHUEY, William H., A 86th Ohio.
SHUEY, Alfred M., A 167th Ohio.
SECRIST, John H., A 86th, K 86th Ohio; Lieut., Ind. Vol.; fell at Nashville.
SHEPHERD, John H., B 20th Ohio.
STEWART, James E., Captain, A 167th Ohio.
SHEPPARD, Samuel C., 4th Cavalry; A 167th Ohio.
SCHENCK, John S., A 86th Ohio.
SLOAN, William G., B 20th; D 47th Ohio.
SIMPSON, George W., D 47th Ohio.
STEELE, John W., E 15th, A 60th; 1st Sergeant, K 88th Ohio.
SPENCE, Colin, Assistant Surgeon, 89th Ohio.
SCOTT, Henry, Capt., Brevet-major, 70th Indiana, 3d div. A. C.
STOKES, H. M., B 146th Ohio.
SCHENCK, Robert C., Jr., B 146th Ohio.
SKINNER, Charles, M., K 157th Ohio.
STEMBLE, Roger N., Captain Gunboat, U. S. Navy
THOMAS, Webster, Captain, E 47th Ohio.
THOMAS, Walter S., Miss. Squadron, Acting Master's Mate.
TAYLOR, Edward L., Captain, D 95th Ohio.
TAYLOR, Henry C., A 86th Ohio.
THURSTON, Gates P., Major U. S. Volunteers.
THURSTON, Dickinson P., Captain.
TODD, David W., Lieut. Col., 134th Ohio.
TUTTLE, Joel, Lieutenant, 7th Iowa.
WOODRUFF, Thomas J., A 86th; I 167th Ohio.
WARREN, Charles, Surgeon.
WRIGHT, John M., A 86th Ohio; 135th Indiana.
WRIGHT, Irwin B., B 20th Ohio; Lieutenant, 11th U. S. I.
WHITESIDE, John A., B 86th Ohio.
WILSON, Joseph M., B 20th; C 81st Ohio.
WILLIAMS, Edward P., Captain, 100th Indiana.
WARD, J. Durbin, Brigadier-general Volunteers.
WOODS, John, Chaplain, 35th Ohio.
WALTON, Allen M., Assistant Surgeon, 86th Indiana.
WILLIAMS, Henry.
WRIGHT, Edward M.
WOODHULL, Max. V. Z., Colonel on Staff.
WHITAKER, James S., Assistant Surgeon.
WELTY, Philip H., 1st Lieutenant, I 167th Ohio.
YATES, Richard, Governor of Illinois.
YARYAN, J. Lee, Captain, General WOOD'S staff.
ZELLER, Jacob A., A 167th Ohio.