SCOTT, HUGH L
MAJ GEN USA KY BATT
DATE OF DEATH: 04/30/1934
BURIED AT: SECTION EAST SITE S-12
ARLINGTON NATIONAL CEMETERY
http://www.arlingtoncemetery.net/hlscott.htm
http://www.arlingtoncemetery.net/hlscott.htm
SCOTT, HUGH L
MAJ GEN USA KY BATT
Hugh Lenox Scott
Major General, United States Army
Born September 22, 1853 in Danville, Kentucky, he grew up there and in Princeton, New Jersey. He graduated from West Point in 1876 and was commissioned in the Cavalry. For some twenty years thereafter he served on the Western frontier, chiefly with the 7th United States Cavalry. He saw action in campaigns against the Sioux, Nex Perce, Cheyenne and other Indians of the Plains and became an expert in their languages and ways of life. He was promoted to First Lieutenant in June 1878.
In 1890-91 he was given the responsibility for suppressing the "Ghost Dance" religious mania that swept the Indian Reservations and received official commendation for that work. In 1892, he organized Troop L of the 7th Cavalry, composed of Kiowa, Comanche and Apache Indians, and commanded it until it was mustered out, the last Indian Troop in the United States Army, in 1897. In 1894-97, he had charge of Geronimo's band of Chiricahua Apache Indian prisoners at Fort Sill, Oklahoma. He was advanced to Captain in January 1895.
In November 1897 he was attached to the Bureau of American Ethnology of the Smithsonian Institution, where be began preparing a work on Indian sign languages. In May 1898, after the outbreak of the Spanish-American War, he was appointed Major of Volunteers and Assistant Adjutant General of the 2nd and 3rd Divisions, I Corps. He saw no action in that war, but in March 1899 went to Cuba as Adjutant General, Department of Havana, with the rank of Lieutenant Colonel of Volunteers. In May 1900 he moved up to Adjutant General of the Department of Cuba and remained in that post until May 1902. During that time he served for a time as Acting Governor and took an active part in the transfer of government into Cuban hands. He was promoted to Major of Regulars in February 1903 and served as Military Governor of the Sulu Archipelago, Philippines, in 1903-06 and also commanded troops there, taking part in various skirmishes, reorganized the civil government and institutions.
In August 1906 he was named Superintendent of West Point, a post he held for four years with the temporary rank of Colonel. He was promoted to regular Lieutenant Colonel in March 1911 and Colonel in August. He then commanded the 3rd U.S. Cavalry in Texas, engaged in settling various Indian troubles. In March 1913 he was promoted to Brigadier General in command of the 2nd Cavalry Brigade, still posted to the Southwest. He won special commendation for his skillful handling of Navajo disturbances at Beautiful Mountain, Arizona, in November 1913. He was named Assistant Chief of Staff in April 1914 and Chief of Staff of the Army in November and was promoted to Major General in April 1915. He continued to act in a diplomatic role with Indians and Mexican Border officials in the Southwest, settling problems with the Piutes of Utah in March 1915 and recoverying property "confiscated" by Pancho Villa in August.
In February-March 1916, he served as Ad-Interim Secretary of War. But his energy was directed more toward preparation for possible U.S. entry into World War I, and he was very influential in winning early acceptance among civil officials of the notion of conscription. He retired at the statuary age in September 1917 but remained on active duty. He became commander of the 78th Division at Camp Dix, New Jersey, in December and of Camp Dix again in March 1918. He retired finally in May 1919 and served on the Board of Indian Commissioners from 1919 to 1929 and was Chairman of the New Jersey State Highway Commission from 1923 to 1933. In 1928 he published an autobiography, "Some Memories of A Soldier."
He died at Washington, D.C. on April 30, 1934 and was buried among many other family members in Section 2 of Arlington National Cemetery beneath a private memorial which reads:
"His great service to the country was shown in the remarkable control and influence which he exercises in dealings with the Moros, Mexicans and Indians, which invariably he used in promoting peace. By personal effort he preserved many hostile outbreaks on the part of the Indians.
Blessed are the peacemakers."
Hugh Lenox Scott
A Register of His Papers in the Library of Congress
Prepared by Allen Kitchens and David Mathisen
Revised and expanded by Patrick Kerwin
Manuscript Division, Library of Congress
Washington, D.C.
2001
Contact information: http://lcweb.loc.gov/rr/mss/address.html
Finding aid encoded by Library of Congress
Manuscript Division, 2003
Lenox Scott Papers, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Biographical Note
Date Event
1853, Sept. 22 Born, Danville, Ky.
1876 Graduated, United States Military Academy, West Point, N.Y.
1876-1878 Campaigned with Sioux, Nez Percé, and Cheyenne Indian expeditions
1897 Assigned to Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., to produce written record of Plains Indian languages
1898 Acting governor general of Cuba following Spanish-American War
1903-1906 Served in Philippines, ultimately as governor
1906-1910 Superintendent, United States Military Academy, West Point, N.Y.
1910-1914 Mediator, Mexican border and Indian troubles
1914-1917 Chief of staff, United States Army
1917-1919 Member, United States mission to Russia
1919-1933 Member, Board of Indian Commissioners, Department of the Interior
1934, Apr. 20 Died, Washington, D.C.
Scope and Content Note
------------------------------------------------------------
Hugh Lenox Scott
A Register of His Papers in the Library of Congress
Prepared by Allen Kitchens and David Mathisen
Revised and expanded by Patrick Kerwin
Manuscript Division, Library of Congress
Washington, D.C.
2001
Contact information: http://lcweb.loc.gov/rr/mss/address.html
Finding aid encoded by Library of Congress
Manuscript Division, 2003
2004-07-09 converted from EAD 1.0 to EAD 2002
Table of Contents
Collection Summary
Selected Search Terms
Names:
Subjects:
Occupations:
Administrative Information
Provenance:
Processing History:
Transfers:
Copyright Status:
Microfilm:
Preferred Citation:
Biographical Note
Scope and Content Note
Organization of the Papers
Description of Series
Container List
Family Papers, 1582-1933, n.d.
General Correspondence, 1770-1934, n.d.
Indian Affairs, 1894-1934, n.d.
Official File: Cuba and the Philippines, 1900-1907, n.d.
New Jersey Highway Commission, 1923-1933, n.d.
Mary Merrill Scott File, 1934, n.d.
Diaries and Account Books, 1845-1934
Subject File, 1876-1931, n.d.
Writings, 1907-1934, n.d.
Printed Matter, n.d.
Miscellany, 1913-1914, n.d.
Addition, 1908-1981, n.d.
Collection Summary
Title: Papers of Hugh Lenox Scott
Span Dates: 1582-1981
Bulk Dates: (bulk 1845-1934)
ID No.: MSS39297
Creator: Scott, Hugh Lenox, 1853-1934
Extent: 40,000 items; 108 containers; 43.2 linear feet; 5 microfilm reels
Repository: Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Abstract: Correspondence, diaries, memoranda, memoirs, drafts of writings, speeches, reports, notes, biographical and genealogical material, account books, financial papers, lists, printed material, maps, photographs, drawings, prints, and others papers relating to Scott's career in the United States Army from 1876 to his retirement following World War I, his service as a member of the State Highway Commission for New Jersey (1919-1933) and as chairman of the State Highway Commission of New Jersey (1920s), and to his work on Indian languages at the Smithsonian Institution's Bureau of Ethnology.
Language: Collection material in English
Selected Search Terms
The following terms have been used to index the description of this collection in the Library's online catalog. They are grouped by name of person or organization, by subject or location, and by occupation and listed alphabetically therein.
Names:
Scott, Hugh Lenox, 1853-1934
Bliss, Tasker Howard, 1853-1930--Correspondence
Pershing, John J. (John Joseph), 1860-1948--Correspondence
Scott, Mary Merrill, fl. 1880--Correspondence
Villa, Pancho, 1878-1923--Correspondence
Wilson, Woodrow, 1856-1924--Correspondence
Wood, Leonard, 1860-1927--Correspondence
Scott family--Correspondence
New Jersey. State Highway Commission
Smithsonian Institution. Bureau of Ethnology
United States. Army--Officers
United States. Board of Indian Commissioners
United States Military Academy
Scott, Hugh Lenox, 1853-1934. Some memories of a soldier (1928)
Scott, William McKendree, 1817-1861. Journal of William McKendree Scott (1845)
Subjects:
Dakota Indians--Wars
Diplomatic and consular service, American--Soviet Union
Ghost dance
Indian sign language
Indians of North America--Government relations
Indians of North America--Great Plains
Indians of North America--Languages
Indians of North America--Religion
Military readiness
Nez Percé Indians--Wars, 1877
Spanish-American War, 1898
World War, 1914-1918
Cuba--Politics and government--1899-1906
Soviet Union--Foreign relations--United States
United States--Foreign relations--Soviet Union
Occupations:
Army officers
Public officials
Administrative Information
Provenance:
The papers of Hugh Lenox Scott, army officer and public official, were deposited in the Library of Congress in 1938 by his wife, Mary Merrill Scott. This deposit and additional papers were converted to a gift by his son, Lewis Merrill Scott, in 1951. Other installments of papers have been received from various sources from 1955 to 1982.
Processing History:
The Hugh Lenox Scott Papers have been described in the Quarterly Journal of Current Acquisitions, vol. 9, no. 3, May 1952. The papers were originally processed in 1963, with additional material being incorporated into the collection in 1980 and 1982. The finding aid was revised and various portions of the collection reprocessed in 2001.
Transfers:
Photographs from this collection have been transferred to the Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division where they are identified as part of these papers. Some maps have been transferred to the Library of Congress Geography and Map Division where they are also identified as part of these papers.
Copyright Status:
Copyright in the unpublished writings of Hugh Lenox Scott in these papers and in other collections of papers in the custody of the Library of Congress has been dedicated to the public.
Microfilm:
A microfilm edition of part of these papers is available for purchase on five reels from the Library's Photoduplication Service subject to the Copyright Law of the United States (Title 17, U.S.C.). This microfilm edition may also be requested on interlibrary loan through the Library's Loan Division.
Preferred Citation:
Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Container number, Hugh Lenox Scott Papers, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Biographical Note
Date Event
1853, Sept. 22 Born, Danville, Ky.
1876 Graduated, United States Military Academy, West Point, N.Y.
1876-1878 Campaigned with Sioux, Nez Percé, and Cheyenne Indian expeditions
1897 Assigned to Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., to produce written record of Plains Indian languages
1898 Acting governor general of Cuba following Spanish-American War
1903-1906 Served in Philippines, ultimately as governor
1906-1910 Superintendent, United States Military Academy, West Point, N.Y.
1910-1914 Mediator, Mexican border and Indian troubles
1914-1917 Chief of staff, United States Army
1917-1919 Member, United States mission to Russia
1919-1933 Member, Board of Indian Commissioners, Department of the Interior
1934, Apr. 20 Died, Washington, D.C.
Scope and Content Note
The papers of Hugh Lenox Scott (1853-1934) span the years 1582-1981, with the bulk of the items concentrated in the period 1845-1934. The collection consists of correspondence, memoranda, diaries, account books, memoirs, articles, books, speeches, biographical and genealogical material, reports, notes, lists, financial records, maps, photographs, drawings, prints, greeting and calling cards, index cards, printed matter, and other material covering Scott's military service following his graduation from the United States Military Academy in 1876 to his retirement from the army after World War I. It also documents his service as a member of the Board of Indian Commissioners from 1919 to 1933 and his role as chairman of the State Highway Commission of New Jersey during the 1920s.
Significant events and topics covered in the collection include the Indian wars in the late 19th century, especially expeditions against the Sioux and Nez Percé; Indian culture, rights, affairs, and religion, including the Ghost Dance of the Plains Indians; language, in particular sign language; the arrival of Geronimo's band of Chiricahua Apaches at Fort Sill, Oklahoma, and their eventual reparation to the Mescalaro Apache Indian Reservation in New Mexico. Other material within these papers relates to the administration of the United States Office of Indian Affairs Kiowa Agency, Troop L; 7th Calvary, United States Army; and negotiations with the Hopi, Navajo, and Paiute tribes.
Other topics and events include Scott's appointment and work at the Smithsonian Institution's Bureau of Ethnology, the Spanish-American War, and the administration of the military government in Cuba. Scott's service in the Philippines, in particular on Jolo and Sulu Islands, and the campaigns against the Moros; his appointment and tenure as superintendent of the United States Military Academy in West Point, New York; his negotiations with Francisco “Pancho” Villa and the punitive expedition to Mexico in 1916 are chronicled, as well as the preparation and engagement of the United States Army in World War I and Scott's role as chief of staff of the army and his participation in the United States Special Diplomatic Mission to Russia of 1917.
The collection is divided into twelve series, many of which complement one another. The Family Papers series includes early family documents and correspondence, primarily from Scott to his wife Mary Merrill Scott, and provides accounts of Scott's life at various military outposts. The General Correspondence includes incoming and outgoing correspondence and related material covering all aspects of Scott's career and interests.
The Indian Affairs series includes incoming and outgoing correspondence and other material relating to Scott's interests in Native American culture, rights, languages, and affairs. The Official File includes letters received and other material from Scott's military service in Cuba and the Philippines. Included is a letter to Scott's wife providing a description of how Scott was wounded while escorting the prisoner Panglima Hassan. The New Jersey Highway Commission series includes reports and letters sent and received highlighting Scott's central role on the commission.
The Mary Merrill Scott File consists primarily of clippings and letters of condolence on her husband's death as well as financial material. The Diaries and Account Books series includes a typescript of William McKendree Scott's journal of 1845 and Hugh Lenox Scott's diaries and account books, 1881-1934. The Subject File consists primarily of military papers, financial records, including accounts from Fort Sill, genealogical material, and papers relating to American Indians, such as an alphabetical dictionary of the sign language of the Plains Indians. The Writings series consists primarily of speeches, drafts of memoirs and other biographical material, and drafts of articles by Scott. The Printed Matter and Miscellany series consist chiefly of clippings, pamphlets, invitations, calling and membership cards, masonic material, maps, photographs, and other miscellaneous material.
An Addition consists chiefly of drafts of Scott's memoir, Some Memories of a Soldier, and research material related to his writing. A photocopied article and genealogical material are also included.
Correspondents include Tasker Howard Bliss, John J. Pershing, Pancho Villa, Woodrow Wilson, and Leonard Wood.
http://www.loc.gov/rr/mss/text/scott.html#ms003070_controlaccess_Occup_5
Board of Indian Commissioners from 1919 to 1933
http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/crow/index.htm
LaForest, Jeremy Unknown
LaForest, Justin Unknown
LaForge, Bert Unknown
LaForge, Courtney Grant Abt. 1917
LaForge, Elizabeth L Unknown
LaForge, Gerald E 1941
LaForge, Irving Unknown
LaForge, James Unknown
LaForge, Minnie Mary 29 Jul 1874 02 Apr 1942
LaForge, Mr Unknown
LaForge, Paula Ann 03 Dec 1946
LaForge, Ruth Unknown
LaForge, Thomas 15 Mar 1883 11 Aug 1957
LaForge, Thomas C Abt. 1915
LaForge, Thomas Sr Unknown
LaFountain, Adeline Unknown
LaFountain, Gladys Unknown
LaFountain, Janice Marie Unknown
LaFountain, Lydia Unknown
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