Metis

1726 - 1728

The French encourage voyagers to the West to stave off
perceived Hudson Bay Company trade
but it is actually to stem the tide of the Metis.

The Americans continue to accuse the French
of stirring up the Indians against them.

1726

The Compagnie des Indes convinced the French King to reinstate Conge de Traite (Trade Passport) arguing it was necessary because of competition from the English traders. The real reason was that they were granted a monopoly on world wide beaver trade.

Mackinac, New France (Michigan), birth, Agathe Villeneuve, died 1801, daughter Daniel Joseph Amoit de Villeneuve born 1665 died before 1728 and Domitilde Oukabe (LaFourche) 2nd husband September 13, 1731 Augustin Langlade; married 1745 Francois Boisguilbert, 2nd marriage Pierre Souligny, 3rd marriage Amable Roy. Domitilade (Theresa) Nissowaquet an Ottawa, widow Daniel Villeneuve. She is the daughter Chief Nissowaquet, an Ottawa.

Kaskaskia, (Illinois), marriage, Antoine Bienvenu dit Delisle, died May 11, 1805, Kaskaskia, (Illinois) to Francoise Rabut, Antoine 2nd marriage Louise Danis (Dany). (IV)-Marie Claire Cuillerier dit Beaubien, born 1726, (likely Lachine, Quebec), died July 5, 1731, Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), daughter (III)-Antoine Cuillerier dit Beaubien (1697-1793) and (II)-Marie Angelique Girard (1690-1783).

Louis Ducharme, born 1684 Montreal, Quebec, is associated with Jean Baptiste Reaume and Charles Nolan de LaMarque at the Poste de La Baye, (Green Bay), New France (Wisconsin).

(II)-Pierre Gaultier de Varennes et de La Verendrye (1685-1749), at age forty, commanded Forts Postes du Nord, Kaministikwa, Nipigon and Michipicoten. His title is Commandant of the Northwest. Others suggest he didn't take command of Poste du Nord from his brother (II)-Jacques Rene Gaultier de Vareness (1677-1757)

until 1728. At this time, he was second in command at Poste du Nord. Fort Postes du Nord was a prime trading center for the Red River and northern regions (North West Territories) and traded with Cree Voyagers like Auchagah, Tacchigis, and la Marteblanche. These Voyagers provided the bases for la Veredrye's maps of the northern trade routes. This date appears to be in error- see 1731. (II)-Pierre Gauthier de Varennes et de La Verendrye (1685-1749) joined his brother, (II)-Jacques Rene Gauthier de Vareness (1677-1757), this year. He was the commandant at this time and in1727.

Longueuil reported that 100 English traders with 60 canoes are four leagues from Lake Ontario, and that he had seen 100 Indian canoes carrying furs to the English.

The growing English influence in the West, among the Dakotas, caused the French to issue 25 trading licenses to some 75 Voyagers. The permits allow absence from the French Colony for eighteen months. They also abolished the prohibitory liquor law that had been enacted through the missionaries influence. Father Michel Guignas, it is reported, has been living in Mackinac, New France (Michigan) for some years with few baptisms to his credit.

Francois Barrois dit Lottman a.k.a Lothenane ,born, 1675 Montreal, Quebec, son Jean Baptiste Antoine Barrois Dit Lootman (Lotman/Lottman) and Anne Leber; married 1717, Montreal, Quebec, Marie Anne Sauvage daughter Jacques Sauvage and Marie Catherine Jean dit Vien and moved to Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), by 1726. Children include Marie born 1719 married 1734 Robert Navarre, Louise born 1722 married 1736 Pierre Le Batle Chesnay, Marie Anne (1716-1809), married 1741 Jean Baptiste Cullerier dit Beaubien, Catherine (1727-1790) married Pierre Laurent St. Cosme, Francois born 1733 married 1758 Catherine Cecire and Agathe born 1735 married 1763 Jean Baptiste Reaume.

Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), birth, Marie Madeline Roy daughter Louis Roy (LeRoy) (1694-1724) and Marguerite Dumay (Demers).

Green Bay, birth Marie Anne Louise Testard (1721-1799) daughter Jacques Testard sieur de Montigny (1662-1737) and Marie Anne Laporte de Louvigny (1696-1763); married 1747 Pierre Julien Trottier Desrivieres.

Prairie du Chein, (Wisconsin) is settled this year.

Fort Albany, James Bay is losing trade, and (I)-Joseph Myatt, a carpenter, says the Echeepoes (Ojibwa) threatened to kill the Cree if they come here. There is also a great number of Kaneday (Canadian) Wood Runners who were amongst them, and they traded with the Ojibwa better than they used to do. Some angry Cree (Christeens), loyal to the English, offered to purchase poison to give to the Wood Runners.

Fort Rosalie (N.-D. de l'Immaculee Conception) (Natchez, Mississippi) recorded birth, marriage and death (1726-1796).

January 7: Gabriel Bolon, married, Mackinac, New France (Michigan), Susanne Menard.

January 9: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), birth, (IV)-Lecile Campeau died March 28, 1730, Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), daughter (III)-Jean Louis Campeau (1702-1774) and (II)-Marie Louise Robert died 1776.

January 21: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), marriage, Jean Rousseau to (II)-Marie Catherine Compein aka L'Esperance daughter (I)-Bonaventure Compein and (II)-Marie Catherine Badaillac (1673-1715).

February 4: Montreal, marriage (III)-Nicolas Lauzon b-1693 Montreal died December 20, 1779 Detroit married 1st. February 4, 1726 Montreal (II)-Marie Madeleine Moran b-1704, died January 3, 1732 Detroit, 2nd married December 27, 1736 Detroit (II)-Marie Louise Chavin died March 6, 1766 Detroit, daughter (I)-Jacques Chauvin veuve de Julien Francois Becmont.

February 11: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), birth/death, (III)-Anonyme Chesne child (II)-Charles Chesne born 1694 and (II)-Catherine Sauvage (1695-1778).

March 1: Mackinac, New France (Michigan), baptism, (III)-Anne Charlotte Veronique (Nannette) Chevalier daughter (II)-Jean Baptiste Chevalier (1677-1752) and (II)-Francois Alacoine (1690-1756), elle epouse, plus, tard, Jacques LeSage; married August 3, 1744 Michilimackinac, New France (Michigan), Rene Bourassa.

March 4: Ste Anne de la Perade, Quebec, birth, (III)-Jean Baptiste Couturier, Metis son (II)-Denis Joseph Couturier, Metis, b-1681 and Angelique LeTellier, b-1699, died December 7, 1729 daughter (I)-Francois Letellier.

March 20: A permit issued to sieur Des Rozier (Nicholas Roze) Montreal, Quebec, for Missilimakinac (Louisiana).

April 7: (II)-Jacques Rene Gauthier de Varennes (1677-1757) voyager West to Poste du Nord in the Lake Superior area.

April 9: (I)-Louis Geneteau (1702-1745) listed as a voyager West with his wife Suzanne Haguenier (1692-1742) veuve de Benoit St Amand, one son Louis being born 1744.

April 15: (III)-Louis Hamelin (1681-1693) (Married 1718 Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan)), is listed as engage West and he was hiring men for the western trade 1726-1730.

April 16: (III)-Jacque Gervis (b-1709) listed a voyager West.

April 22: Mackinac, New France (Michigan), baptism, Anne Domitille (Nanette) Parent daughter Pierre Parent. Also, birth (IV)-Anne Domitilde Parent daughter (III)-Francois Parent (Parant) (b-1700)

April 25: (III)-Antoine Menard (b-1695) Michillimakinac, New France (Michigan) is recorded as a voyager West.

April 28: (II)-Francois Deniau (Deneau) (b-1704) is recorded as a voyager West.

May 16: (II)-Pierre Genereux (b-1698) listed voyager West. Also (II)-Francois Ambroise Genereux (b-1705) listed voyager West.

May 10: (II)-Andre Gautier (b-1678) voyager West.

May 20: Appointed for (II)-Pierre Paul Marin (1692-1753) de La Malgue of Montreal, Quebec, Commander La Pointe, Ojibwa Country (Wisconsin), four men as porter for (II)-Maurice Menard alias LaFontaine (born 1664), Interpreter from Michillimakinac, New France (Michigan), departed May 24, 1726.

May 21: A permit sieur de Montarville, Barocoeuil, Lagemmeraya and Montee, cadets for Fort Saint Philippe de Missilimakinac (Louisiana). Also (II)-Charles Joseph Hamelin (b-1693) son (I)-Louis Hamelin, seigneur des Grondines and Antoinette Aubert and borther of (II)-Louis Hamelin (1681-1693) is listed voyager West.

May 23: (II)-Jean Baptiste Grignon (1700-1748) listed voyager West working the western trade..

May 23: (III)-Joseph Gautier alias Saguingoira (1672-1749) voyager West.

May 23: A permit to (II)-Marguerite Ameau, lady Linctot alias Godefroy for 5 men as porter to (III)-Rene Godefroy (1675-1748), Monsieur de Linctot, Commandant La Pointe, Ojibwa Country (Wisconsin). Godefroy became commander at Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan).

May 29: Permit to Monsieur de Longueuil and lady of Repentigny and five porters for Saint Pierre, officer to La Pointe, Ojibwa Country (Wisconsin).

May 29: (II)-Alexander Rene Dagneau sieur de Douville born1698 Sorel, Richelieu, Quebec, died 1773/74, interpreter son Michel Dagneaux and Marie Lamy dit Defond, listed Voyager West hired by Trottier Desrivieres.. He traded for 15 years among the Miamis, Fort des Sables (Irondequoit, N.Y.), Baie des Paunts (Green Bay, Wisconsin) and Michilimackinac, New France (Michigan).

May 30: A permit Nicolas Roze Montreal, Quebec, to Missilimakinac (Illinois).

May 31: (III)-Francois Colin born 1706 is listed as an engage to the West.

May 31: Francois Colin alias LaLiberte (b-1706) engage to Post de la Riviere St. Joseph des Illinois (Pres de Windsor Co. Lambton, Ontario). Possible relation (III)-Oliver Garneau alias Coline, Perrin.

June: Monsieur Constant Marchand sieur De Lignery (d-1733) reports that peace is established with the Sauks, Foxes and Winnebagoes at Green Bay, New France (Wisconsin). Linctot succeeded Saint Pierre in command at La Pointe, Ojibwa Country, Lake Superior (Wisconsin) with orders to detach the Dakotas from their alliance with the Foxes. Linctot made a peace alliance between the Ojibwa and Dakota, sending two Frenchmen to live among the Dakota. This divide and conquer policy would infuriate the West. The Ojibwa voyagers again visited Montreal, Quebec, this year.

June 5: Mackinac, New France (Michigan), baptism, Catherine Angelique Vieu, Metis, daughter Ignace Vieu and savage.

June 6: The Montreal Sioux Company formation includes a charter to trade among the Dakota Sioux Indians. Among the owners is a (II)-(Pierre) Petit Garrau also Garreau and (II)-Jean Garrau, alias Gareau, and Saint Onge.

June 7: Constant La Marchand, sieur de Lignery/Ligneries d-1732, commanded Michilimackinac, New France (Michigan), and he held council at Green Bay, New France (Wisconsin) with d'Amariton, Cligancourt, Father Chardon, the Fox, Sauk and Winnebagoes, where they agreed to peace. This peace would last less than 2 years..

August 16: (III)-Louis Gadois (b-1700) listed voyager West.

August 29: Engageur ouest, (II)-Guillaume Dagneau (Dagnaux) Douville, sieur de la Mothe born May 7, 1706 Sorel, Richelieu, Quebec, son Michel Dagneaux and Marie Lamy dit Defond, was Voyager West hired by Trottier Desrivieres likely not departed until September 29, 1726. Guillaume married February 5, 1742 Montreal, Quebec, Louise LeFournier dit Duviviers born August 29, 1721, Montreal, Quebec, died March 16, 1761, Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), daughter Louis LeFournier, sieur Duviver and Marie Anne De Jorny

September 29: Engageur ouest, (II)-Alexandre Dagneau (D'Gneau) (1698-1773/74), sieur de Douville, son (I)-Michel Dagneau, interpreter, (*) married August 7, 1730 Montreal, Quebec, Marie Coulon de Villiers daughter Antoine Coulon de Villiers. He traded heavily among the Miamis out of Baie des Puants (Green Bay), New France (Wisconsin), and Michilimackinac, New France (Michigan). (*) an interpreter and fur trader at Fort des Sables, Irondequdit, New York., Baie des Puants (Green Bay), New France (Wisconsin), and Michilimackinac, New France (Michigan).

September 29: Engageur ouest, (II)-Guillaume Dagneau ( Dagnaux) Douville, sieur de la Mothe (Motte) born May 7, 1706 Sorel, Richelieu, Quebec, died March 16, 1761 Detroit, son Michel Dagneaux and Marie Lamy dit Defond, was Voyager West likely hired by Trottier Desrivieres; married February 5, 1742 Louise Lefournier dit Duviviers b-1721.

October 8: Lachine, Quebec, marriage, (II)-Jean Cesire born 1698, died April 23 1767 Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), married Lachine, Quebec, (II)-Marguerite Charlotte Girard born 1703 daughter (I)-Leon Girard. It would appear he came into into Lachine, Quebec, to marry then returned to Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan).

October 18: St. Augustin, Quebec, birth, (III)-Joseph Dubeau, Metis, died June 16, 1728 St. Augustin, Quebec, son (II)-Laurent Dubeau, Metis, (1672- 1731) and Marie Francoise Sevigny.

October 19: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), birth, (III)-Marie Gouyou daughter (II)-Jean Baptiste Gouyou born 1688 and (II)-Marie Deguire Larose (1700-1733)

October 27: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), marriage, (II)-Charles Chauvin, lieutenant des Milices born 1702 died August 17, 1772 Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), son (I)-Jacques Chauvin born 1665 and (III)-Marie Madeleine Cauchon born 1655 veuve d'Oliver Michel; married October 27, 1726, Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), (II)-Marie Anne Casse dit St Aubin born 1710 daughter (I)-Jean Casse dit St Aubin and Marie Louise Gautier.

November 7: Beauport, Quebec, marriage, (II)-Pierre Chauvet dit Lagerne born May 26, 1686 Charlesbourg, Quebec, son (I)-Jean Chauvet dit Lagerne b-1652 and (II)-Marie Prevost b-1650, veuve de Francpos Bruneau; married Marie Madeleine Panis (slave) b-1697 died July 29, 1777 Nicolet.

December 18/19: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), birth/death, (III)-Marie Francoise Godfroy died December 26, 1726, Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), daughter (II)-Jacques Godfroy (1684-1730) and (II)-Marie Anne Chesne b-1690.

1727

Philippe Thomas Dagneau de la Saussave, born 1700, Sorel, Richelieu, Quebec, died after 1758, son Michel Dagneaux and Marie Lamy dit Defond, married Marie Madeleine Raimbault (1701-1768) daughter Pierre Raimbault and Jeanne Francoise Simblin.

Marriage most likely Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), Jean Dagneau, sieur Douville born 1694 Sorel, Richelieu, Quebec died 1751 son Michel Dagneaux, sieur de Quindre/Douville and Marie Lamy dit Defond; 1st married likely 1716 Iroquoise, 2nd marriage also when engaged in the western fur trade1727/28 Marie Elizabeth Raimbault (1705-1772) daughter of Pierre Raimbault and Jeanne Francoise Simblin Two children Marie Catherine Dagneau, Metis? b-1731 Detroit d-1753 Detroit and Louise Elisabeth Dagneau b-1739 Detroit, likely from 2nd wife.

(II)-Louis Cesaire Dagneau, sieur de Quindre born October 8, 1704, Sorel, Quebec, died February 2, 1767, Detroit, engage west 1727, married December 4, 1736 Montreal, Marie Anne Picote de Belestre, b-1717, died May 5, 1756.

(IV)-Philippe Louis Denies (Denys) sieur de LaRonde (born 1714) also called Molaire, Moller, (III)-Louis Denis, Monsieur de LaRonde (1675-1741) became Captain at La Pointe, Ojibwa Country (Madeleine Island, Wisconsin), until 1741. He introduced more intense agriculture to augment food supplies.

Green Bay, New France (Wisconsin), birth, Marie Anne Testard (1721-1799) daughter Jacques Testard sieur de Montigny (1662-1737) and Marie Anne Laporte de Louvigny (1696-1763); married Charles Mezieres, sieur I'Epervanche.

The Sioux Trading Company is created in Montreal, Quebec this year. Members include Jean Louis de La Corne, sieur de Chapt de St. Luc b-1666, Beauharnois, Longueuil, d'Aigremont, St. George, Dupre, Youville, Dillay (Dumay), Claude Marin, Etienne Petit, Jean Garreau, Francois Campeau, Francois de May, Pierre Richard, Jean Baptiste Boucher de Montbrun and Francois Boucher.

Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), birth, (IV)-Pierre Reaume dit Thamur (Themus) son (III)-Pierre Reaume (1691-1740) and Marie Therese Esteve (Stebre) dit Lajeunesse; 1st married 1754 Marie Josephe Pilot, 2nd marriage 1763 Marie Catherine Dubois.

Ignace Gamelin dit Lafontaine (1663/4-1738) is financing the trade out of Green Bay, New France (Wisconsin) in association with Nicolas Sarrazin, Francois Antoine Lefebvre Duplessis Faber Regnard (1689-1733) (commandant au Poste de la Baye), (Green Bay, Wisconsin), Joseph Gamelin fils and Rene Bourassa.

Benjamin Harding of the Hudson Bay Company was sent home from Albany, James Bay for private trading with the Natives. About the same time, a reprimand was issued for teaching an Indian boy to read and write.

Albany, James Bay reported that three men had died due to excessive drink.

Mission Kamouraska, Quebec, is established this year.

In 1717 only 61 engages were hired for trips to the upper country. This year, 146 were engages at the expense of Coureurs des Bois and Voyagers.

De La Perriere Boucher is he who led a brutal savage attack on Haverhill, Massachusetts, killing the Purital Minister, scalping his wife and dashing her infant's brains against a rock. The party had been sent to Fort Beauharnois, Lake Pepin to deal with the Foxes. The Jesuits called the place the mission of St. Michael the Archangel.

The Sioux Trading Company concluded that the Sioux (Dakota) Nation included the Prairie Scioux and the River Scioux, with the River (Eastern) Sioux joining the Prairie (Western) Sioux in hunting buffalo and attacking tribes on the Missouri (River) in the Spring.

Captain W. Coats of the Hudson Bay, this year, speculated that the Eskimo (Inuit) are a lineage of the Chinese. David Thompson, however, later suggested they are more European in nature.

January 4: Rimouski, birth (III)-Jean Baptiste Brault dit Pominville, Metis, son (II)-Etienne Brault dit Pominville, Metis, and (II)-Louise Palin (1697-1717); married 1745 Therese Paul.

February 7: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), marriage, (I)-Pierre Courcambec Ou Courcaubec Courkam Berq, 1st marriage to Rose Deniau died March 10, 1730, daughter de Rene et d'Anastasie of the Illinoise Nation; Pierre second marriage before 1736 to Jeanne Dalonte dit Langoumois.

April 4: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), birth, (II)-Jean Baptiste Courcambec, Metis, son (I)-Pierre Courcambec and Rose Deniau, died 1730.

April 18: Ste Anne de la Perade, marriage, Pierre Garzeau aka Garzeaux and Garceau died April 18, 1727, Ste Anne de la Perade, married to (II)-Marguerite Campagnard (Campagna) daughter (I)-Pierre Campagnard.

April 23: (II)-Joseph Gagne alias Garnier dit Poitevin (b-1704 listed voyager West.

April 24: (II)-Michel Gagne alias Garnier dit Poitevin (b-1706 listed voyager West.

April 28: (III)-Francois Gauthier alias Landreville (1700-1729) listed voyager West.
May 12: Joseph Hamelin is born 1727, and baptized May 12, 1742, at Michilimackinac, New France (Michigan), recorded as a slave of Monsieur Charles Hamelin La Gueniere b-1714 who had a slave wife Marie Athanase born 1708/15 and children of slaves become the slaves of the owner.

May 13: (II)-Charles Cadot, a Metis voyager to the West, the son of (I)-Mathurin Cadote (1649-1729) and (II)-Marie Catherine Durand (1666), the Metis.

May 14: (III)-Claude Colin born 1708 is listed as an engage to the West. Also, Pierre Noel LaGault (b-1699), Voyager West.

May 18: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), birth, (III)-Agathe Chesne, Metis, died February 10, 1732, Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), daughter (II)-Charles Chesne born 1694 and (II)-Catherine Sauvage (1695-1778).

May 21: (III)-Pierre Goguet (1695-1733) listed voyager West.

May 22: (III)-Charles Goguet (1698-1752) listed voyager West.

May 22: Jacques Goyer dit Belisle (b-1704) listed voyager West.

May 22: (II)-Jean Gareau alias Saint Onge (born 1679), merchant and engager of Voyagers to the West, departing Montreal, Quebec.

May 25: (I)-Father Paul Du Poisson (1692-1729) recorded that there are five Concessions on the Mississippi; Monsieur Dubreuil, a Parisiam; Three Canadian brothers (named Chauvin according to Charlevoix who visited them in 1721), The brothers had made and spent millions; Monsieur De Koli, a Swiss, who was killed in 1729 with his son by the Natchez, seignior of the estate of Livry, near Paris. Each Concession has 60 Negro slaves who cultivate corn, rice, indigo and tobacco.

May 25: Concessions or Marquisates are land grants by the Company of the Indies to individuals or partnerships to clear lands and make them valuable on the Mississippi. Concessions are filled with stewards, storekeepers, clerks and workmen of various trades. The concessions are divided into land grants called Habitations. A man with his wife or partner clears a little ground, builds a house on four piles, covered with sheets of bark and they plant corn, rice and tobacco. They usually have 3-4 Negro slaves. A group of Habitations not too far apart are called villages. Their are also numerous who are not associated with Concessionaries or Habitants who roam the country.

1st. Women or girls from the hospitals of Paris or from Salpetriere.

2nd Travelers (Engages or Voyagers).

3rd The Hunters who must go 30 or more leagues north of Louisiana.

This is all according to (I)-Father Paul Du Poisson (1692-1729).

May 29: (II)-Pierre Garreau alias Saint Onge (1673-1740), merchant and engager of Voyagers to the West, departing Montreal, Quebec.

May 29: (I)-Father Paul Du Poisson (1692-1729), on his trip up the Mississippi, stopped at Cannes Brulees at De Benac, 2 leagues north of Louisiana on the Concession d'Artagnan.

May 30: (I)-Father Paul Du Poisson (1692-1729), on his trip up the Mississippi, stopped at Les Allemands, the failed Germany Colony that is now occupied by the French. This area about 10 leagues north Louisiana is on low land subject to annual floods. Poisson says the staple food is gru, made of ground (pounded) corn, boiled wit bear grease added. This is usually eaten with meat.

June 1: (I)-Father Paul Du Poisson (1692-1729), on his trip up the Mississippi, arrived at Oumas, a French Habitation.

June 3: (I)-Father Paul Du Poisson (1692-1729), on his trip up the Mississippi, arrived Bayugolas, the home of Du Buisson, a Concession. He met Framboise, a Sitimachas, who had been a slave of Du Buisson.

June 4: (I)-Father Paul Du Poisson (1692-1729), on his trip up the Mississippi, arrived Bator Rouge to find French Habitation.

June 6: The Sioux Trading Company is formed in Montreal, Quebec, by Beauharnois, Longueuil, LaCorne, Francois de Clairambault d'Aigrement (1659-1728) , St. George, Dupre, Youville, Dillay Dumay, Marin, Petit, Garreau, Campeau, de May, Richard, Jean Baptiste Boucher de Montbrun, Francois Boucher de Montbrun.

They hired the following men for the Upper Mississippi River: Rene Boucher de Laperriere, Pierre Boucher de Boucherville, Lajemeraye, Maurice Menard (interpreter) Rev. Michel Guignas, and Rev. Nicolas de Gonner and hired the following men for post des Sioux: Estienne Blot, Francois Poulin de Francheville, Francois Lefebrve, Louis Lapron, Claude Marin, Charles Boissel. They were given a three year trading monopoly with the Sioux (Dakota).

June 7: (I)-Father Paul Du Poisson (1692-1729), on his trip up the Mississippi, arrived at the grant (Concession) of Mezieres, that was just being established, consisting of three cabins, some Negro slaves and a Habitant.

June 10: Montreal, Quebec, birth, (IV)-Antoine Nicolas Lauzon, died May 16, 1770, British Detroit (Michigan) son (III)-Nicolas Lauzon (1693-1779) and (II)-Marie Madeleine Moran (1704-1732); married February 22, 1759, Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), (III)-Angelique Chevalier, born July 11, 1733, Mackinac (Michigan), daughter (II)-Jean Baptiste Chevalier (1677-1752) and (II)-Francoise Alavoine (1690-1756.

June 10: (I)-Father Paul Du Poisson (1692-1729), on his trip up the Mississippi, arrived at the Great Tonicus but few Frenchmen Habitat this area.

June 13: (I)-Father Paul Du Poisson (1692-1729), on his trip up the Mississippi, arrived Natchez, 100 leagues from Louisiana where much tobacco is grown. The Natchez Village and the Concession is only one league apart. The Natchez claim their ancestors crossed the sea to come to this country. Some, at this time, asserted the Natchez were from China.

June 16: La Perrier (Rene) Boucher, the 8th son, Pierre Boucher, Father Guignas and Father Nicolas de Gonnor departed Montreal, Quebec, for Mackinac, New France (Michigan) and Green Bay, New France (Wisconsin). Leaving Green Bay, New France (Wisconsin), they went to the Mississippi then north to Lake Pepin establishing Fort Beauharvois.

June 16: The Sioux Trading Company expedition set out from Montreal, Quebec to the Dakota Country with Rene Boucher, sieur de la Perriere, as commander, Pierre Boucher de Boucherville (Rene's nephew), La Jemeraya, Maurice Menard as interpreter, Jesuit Michel Guignas and Jesuit Nicolas de Gonner.

June 23: (I)-Father Paul Du Poisson (1692-1729), on his trip up the Mississippi, arrived Yatous (Yazoo), a French post located two leagues from the mouth of the Yatous River. There are 12 soldiers and 3-4 planters in this area. This was the Concession of Le Blanc but is now deserted.

July 7: (I)-Father Paul Du Poisson (1692-1729), on his trip up the Mississippi, arrived Akensas about 60 leagues from Yatous. It is located 9 leagues from the mouth of the Niska (White Water) River.

July 10: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), birth, (III)-Marie Charlotte Cesire daughter (II)-Jean Cesire (1698-1767) and (II)-Marguerite Charlotte Girard (born 1703); married August 19, 1769 Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), Nicolas Michel.

July 27: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), birth, (IV)-Nicolas Fafard, Metis son (III)-Jean Baptiste Fafard (dit Macouce in 1724) and Marguerite Querotti, a Huron.

August: The Hurons of Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), are in Montreal, Quebec, complaining to (I)-Charles de Beauharnois de La Boische (1671-1749, Governor New France (1726-1747) of (I)-Alphonse de Tonty (Tonti) de Paludy (1650/59-1727) the Italian, as commander at Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan). It is noteworthy that Tonty died November this year.

August or September 16: (II)-Louis Cesaire Dagneau ou Dagnaux (de Quindre), born October 8, 1704, Sorel, Richelieu, Quebec, died February 2, 1767, Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), son (I)-Michel Dagneaux and Marie Lamy dit Defond, Voyager West hired by Trottier Desrivieres. Married December 4, 1736 Montreal, Quebec, Marie Anne Picote de Belestre b-1717, died May 5, 1756.

September 4: The Post of the (Dakota) Sioux (Fort Beauharnois) is established at Lake Pepin on the Mississippi (near Frontenac, Minnesota) by Rene Boucher sieur de la Perriere, Pierre Boucher de Boucherville, La Jemeraya, Maurice Menard, Father Guignas and Father Nicolas de Gonner (1698-1759); the Jesuits. It would appear that the total contingent at Fort Beauharnois numbered 12 Frenchmen, therefore six are not named but likely are all listed in June 6 above.

September 27: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), death, Therese David (1661-1727) wife Jacob de Marsac de Cobtrion dit Desrochers.

September 30: St. Augustin, Quebec, birth, (III)-Marie Joseph Dubeau, Metis, died January 12, 1728 St. Augustin, Quebec, son (II)-Laurent Dubeau, Metis, (1672-1731) and Marie Francoise Sevigny.

October 10: Mackinac, New France (Michigan), baptism, (III)-Charles (L'Avoine) Chevalier son (II)-Jean Baptiste Chevalier (1677-1752) and (II)-Francois Alacoine (1690-1756), elle epouse, plus, tard, Jacques LeSage.

November 10: France ordered the exclusion of all foreign commerce in their colonies, including New France.

November 17: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), birth/death, (III)-Jacques Chauvin son (II)-Charles Chauvin and (III)-Marie Madeleine Cauchon born 1655; veuve d'Oliver Michel.

November 10: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), death, (I)-Alphonse de Tonty (Tonti) de Paludy (1650/59-1727), an Italian, brother (I)-Henre de Tonty (1650-1704), commander Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan).

1728

(II)-Pierre Gaultier de Varennes et de La Verendrye (1685-1749) became commandant of Poste du Nord, following his brother (II)-Jacques Rene Gauthier de Vareness (1677-1757).

Vitus Jonassen Bering (1681-1741), from Denmark, sailing for Russia, was commissioned to chart the Siberian coast. He sailed from Okhotsk and passed through the Bering Strait, proving Asia and America were not joined. He died of scurvy on Bering Island on December 8, 1741.

Marriage, Miami village near Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), Pierre Chesne dit La Butte to (III)- Marie Magdeleine Roy, Metis died October 20, 1732, Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), daughter (II)- Pierre Du Roy and Marguerite Ouabankikoue, Miami.

Green Bay, New France (Wisconsin), birth, Marie Josephe Reaume b-1728/29, Metis daughter Jean Baptiste Reaume b-1675 and Symphorose Ouaouabouigne (8a8ab8k8e); married 1746 Jean Baptiste Jourdain.

Illinois, marriage, Francois Antoine Lefebvre Duplessis Faber Regnard (1689-1733) son Francois Lefebvre duplessis Faber and Marie Madeleine Chorl de Saint Romain; 1st marriage 1713 Montreal Marie Genevieve Catherine Pelletier, 2nd marriage 1728 St. Joseph des Illinois, Marie Madeleine Coulon de Villiers daughter Nicolas Coulon de Villiers and Angelic Jarret; Marie Madeleine also married 1737 Claude Marin and Damours de Clignancourt. Francois was associated with Nicolas Sarrazin, Rene Bourassa, Jacques Gamelin and Ignace Gamelin in the fur trade.

Michilimackinac, New France (Michigan), marriage, Augustin Mouet, sieur de Langlade aka Sieur de d'Englade born 1703 died 1771/77, Green Bay, New France (Wisconsin), son Pierre Mouet, sieur de Moras d-1708 and Elisabeth Jutras; married Domitille Oukabe dit Neveu aka Domithilde La Fourche or Kapiouapnonkoue, widow Daniel Amiot dit Villenuve and daughter Ottawa Chief Kewanoqat.

Laprairie, marriage, Pierre Leriger to Marie Louise Hubert b-1702daughter Jacques Hubert dit Lacroix Sr. (1754-1715) and Marie Romaine Duveau dit Berthelot.

Six sons of Michel Dagneaux and Marie Lamy dit Defond, under the names Dagneau, Dagneaux or d'Agneau brothers were engaged in the western fur trade, namely Jean b-1694, Alexander b-1698, Philippe b-1700, Pierre b-1702, Louis b-1704, Guillaume b-1706.

Phillipe Dagneau born 1728, died 1757, son Philippe Thomas Dagneau de la Saussaye (1700-1758) and Marie Lamy dit Defond; married 1755 Marie Anne Jarret de Vercheres daughter Jean Baptiste Jarret de Vercheres and Madeleine d'Aillebout Michilimackinac, New France (Michigan), baptism, Louis Pascal Chevalier died before 1779 son Jean Baptiste Chevalier (1677-1752) and Marie Francoise Alavoine; married after 1750 to Marie Madeleine Reaume widow of Augustin l'Archevesque who in the 1740's was hiring voyager's for Michilimackinac, New France (Michigan), and Poste de Ilinois. Louis was brother-in-law of trader Charles Chaboillez, Joseph Ainse and Rene Bourassa.

A chapel on the east bank of the Fox River, (Wisconsin) built in 1671 by Father Claude Jean Allouez (1622-1689), Jesuit, and Father Louis Andre, that was burnt by the Indians in 1687, is abandoned this year.

The Commanders of the Indies Company assigned to the various New France Posts are:

Post of Michilimakinac (Mackinac Island) mission was established in 1668 on the north shore, in 1679 was established on the south shore, being rebuilt in 1712 at a place now referred to as 'Old Mackinaw' - Monsieur of Beauharnois in person of the son of Monsieur Constant Marchand sieur De Lignery (d-1733).

Post of Michilimackinac (Mackinac Island). It would appear that more than one location existed at this time- Monsieur Constant Marchand sieur De Lignery (d-1733).

Post of Detroit (Fort Pontchartrain d'Etroit) established 1686, strengthened 1701 - Monsieur Deschaillons to Antoine DuFresne. Mention the one contract between DuFresne and Monsieur Deschaillons, commander.

Post of La Pointe of Chagouamigon (Madeline Island) (Grande Pointe) established 1661, rebuilt 1692- Monsieur of Beauhar in person of (III)-Louis Denis, Monsieur de LaRonde (1675-1741).

Post de Le Riviere Saint Joseph des Illinois (Lake Michigan) (Pres de Windsor Co. Lambton, Ontario)- Monsieur of Villiers and permit to Marin Hurtebise, attorney of Monsieur of Villiers.

Post of La Baye des Puants (Baie Des Puns, Sakisdac, St Xavier) (Green Bay) established 1670 - monsieur Zacharie Robutel de La Nouve (Noue), (1665-1733). (Fort Otchagros)

Post Lake Nipigon (Camanistigoyan or Kaministigoyan) established 1678 - (II)-Pierre Gauthier de Varennes et de La Verendrye (1685-1749) who replaced his brother (II)-Jacques Rene Gauthier de Vareness (1677-1757) this year.

Post Beauharnois (Lake Pepin, Mississippi River) established 1727- Christophee DuFrost, (1708-1736), Sieur de la Jammeraye (Jemeraye).

Post of Comanestigouia (Thunder Bay) - not recorded

Fort Beauharnois of the Sioux Trading Company is flooded by the Mississippi River, and 12 Frenchmen are forced to depart for the east but are taken prisoner and do not reach their destination until 1730.

January 7: St. Augustin, Quebec, marriage, Etienne Valieres to (III)-Marie Therese, Metis, born February 26, 1699, daughter (II)-Laurent Dubeau, Metis, (1672-1731) and (II)- Francoise Paule Campagna (1683-1717).

February 17: Lachine, Quebec, marriage, (III)-Jean Baptiste Cardinal born 1691, died July 7, 1764, Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), son (II)-Pierre Cardinal; married February 17,1727 Lachine, Quebec to (II)-Marie Louise Massiot born 1703, died May 31, 1752, Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), daughter (I)-Jean Baptiste Massiot. Some claim a French Canadian named Cardinal in 1727 is believed to have settled in Prairie des Cheins with his wife, some say she is a French woman, others dispute this claim.

February 29: Ste Anne de la Perade, Quebec, birth, (III)-Antoine Couturier son (II)-Denis Joseph Couturier, Metis, b-1681, and Angelique LeTellier, b-1699, died

December 7, 1729 daughter (I)-Francois Letellier; married October 27, 1749 Ste Anne de la Perade (dans I'eglish), Marie Joseph Baril b-1730 daughter (II)-Louis Baril.

March 17: Jean Dagneau sieur de Douville, born December 31, 1694, Sorel, Quebec, died August 27, 1751, Montreal, Quebec. 2nd Marriage, March 17, 1728, Longue Pointe, Quebec, Marie Elisabeth Raimbault , Iroquoise, 1st marriage before 1730 Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), an Iroquoise likely during his voyages west 1716 or 1723.

March 26: Longue Pointe, Quebec, marriage, (II)-Jean DaGneau or DaGnaux, sieur de Douville, born December 31, 1694, died1741-1751), voyager son (I)- Michel Dagneaux, sieur de Quindre/Douville and Marie Lamy dit Defond; 1st married likely 1716 or 1723 Iroquoise woman, 2nd marriage March 17, 1728 Longue Pointe, Quebec, Elisabeth Raimbault Longue Pointe, Quebec (1705-1772), daughter Pierre Raimbault and Jeanne Francoise Simblin. It is noteworthy that D'Gneau had a child by Iroquois woman June 25, 1731 Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan).

April 19: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), death, (IV)-Marguerite Fafard, Metis, born 1722, daughter (III)-Jean Baptiste Fafard (dit Macouce in 1724) and Marguerite Querotti a Huron.

May 13: Mackinac, New France (Michigan), baptism, Marie Francoise (Manon) Parent, Metis, daughter Pierre Parent and savage, also recorded daughter (III)-Francois Parent (Parant (b-1700)

May 14: Claude Colin alias LaLiberte (1708) engage to the West. Possible relation (III)-Oliver Garneau alias Coline, Perrin.

May 25: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), marriage, (I)-Pierre Chesne dit LaButte born 1698, died May 16, 1774, Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), marguillier, merchant, of Ste. Anne, Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), and interpreter the languages of the savages son (I)- Pierre Chesne (b-1654), and wife (II)-Louise Jeanne Batty (Bailli)(b1663-1700), town rent; married 1st at Fort St. Phillipe, village of Miamis, (recorded at Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan)), (II)-Marie Madeleine Roy born 1710, died (October 20) or November 20, 1732 of smallpox, daughter (I)-Pierre Roy. 2nd marriage January 2, 1736 Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), (III)-Louise Barrois born 1722, died April 5, 1781, daughter Francois Lothenane dit Barrois born 1675 and Marie Anne Sauvage.

June: A French army of 400 French and 900 savages (Iroquois) embark, from Montreal, Quebec, on an expedition to destroy the sovereign Fox Nation and their peace alliance with the Sauks. Constant Marchand De Lignery (d-1733) is the commander of the expedition. Louis Mathieu d'Amours/Damours, sieur de Clignancourt (1699-1754) and Constant Lemarchard, sieur de Lignery, are among this expedition. The Fox retreat and abandon their villages which are destroyed.

Louis Mathieu d'Amours/Damours, sieur de Clignancourt (1699-1754), is left at Green Bay, New France (Wisconsin) after the Fox Fort was burnt.

June 11: St Frs Du Lac, birth, (III)-Jean Baptiste Cottenoire, son (II)-Louis Cottenoire (1693-1755) and (III)-Angelique Deserosiers dit Dutremble; married Mackinac, New France (Michigan) Marie Joseph 8agakk8at, sauvagesse.

June 18: (III)-Thomas Goulet (b-1705) and (III)-Joseph Goulet (b-1708) both listed voyager West.

June 23: (II)-Jacques Rene Gautier de Varennes (1677-1757) voyager West.

June 28: (III)-Jean Baptiste Goguet (b-1697) listed voyager West. Also, Charles LeGault (b-1708), Voyager West.

July 3: A travel permit issued (III)-Louis Denis, Monsieur LaRonde (1675-1741), Commandant of La Pointe de Chagouamigon, Ojibwa Country (Wisconsin), and possessor of one discharge, making four canoe a crew of five men for 1728 to 1730.

July 3: Lachine, Quebec: (IV)-Marie Angelique Cuillerier dit Beaubien moved to Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), before 1730 daughter (III)-Antoine Cuillerier dit Beaubien born 1697 and (II)-Marie Angelique Girard born 1690.

July 6: (III)-Daniel Joseph Goguet (b-1700) listed voyager West.

(II)-Christophee DuFrost (1708-1736), Sieur de la Jammeraye (Jemeraye), is stationed at Fort Beauharnois, Lake Pepin until 1729 when he joined the La Verendrye party.

Chief Monsoni (Cree) tells la Verendrye at Lake Nipigon, that white men live in the West. They have seen sawn boards. They travel by canoe and are not English. La Verendrye thought they might be Spaniards and notified the French.

August 17: Constant La Marchand, sieur de Lignery/Ligneries, d-1732, commander of Michilimackinac, New France (Michigan), assembled an army of 400 French and 800-900 Indian Warriors for a punitive mission against the Fox People but, upon arriving at their Fox River Fort, found it was abandoned. They continued up the Fox River to the Wisconsin River portage but find the Fox had departed their village before they arrived. The army destroyed all the villages and crops along the rivers.

The Governor of York, Hudson Bay reported that the Canadians are still involved in the quarrels of the interior Indians. Eight Canadians attacked our Indians on their trip to York.

September 2: (II)-Pierre Dagneau ou Dagmaux sieur de Fontenay born June 22, 1702, baptised September 2, Sorel, Richelieu, Quebec, died after 1728, son Michel Dagneaux and Marie Lamy dit Defond, engage & Voyager West this year hired by Trottier Desrivieres.

September 2: D'Gneau, sieur de Fontenay, voyager, engage ouest, this date.

September 3: (III)-Jean DaGneau , sieur de Douville, Voyager West hired by Trottier Desrivieres.

September 9: Engageur ouest, (II)-Guillaume Dagneau ( Dagnaux) Douville, sieur de la Mothe (Motte) born May 7, 1706 Sorel, Richelieu, Quebec, died March 16, 1761 Detroit, son Michel Dagneaux and Marie Lamy dit Defond, was Voyager West likely hired by Trottier Desrivieres; married February 5, 1742 Louise Lefournier dit Duviviers b-1721.

October 5: Mackinac, New France (Michigan), baptism, (III)-Joseph Maurice Chevalier son (II)-Jean Baptiste Chevalier (1677-1752) and (II)-Francois Alacoine (1690-1756), elle epouse, plus, tard, Jacques LeSage.

October 12: Sieur De Boucherville, Montbrun, the Jesuit -Guignas (Guignase), and other Frenchmen: eleven in all, left Lake Pepin for Montreal, Quebec by way of the Illinois River. The Mascouten and Kikapoos capture them with their intention being to deliver them to the Renards (Fox People). Montbrun and his brother escape but the rest are held for four months.

October 15: Father (I)-Michel Guignas, (1681-1752), a Jesuit was arrested by the Dakota Sioux half-way up the Kikadous and Maskoutins.

October 24: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), birth (III)-Guillaume Gouyou son (II)-Jean Baptiste Gouyou born 1688 and (II)-Marie Deguire Larose (1700-1733)

September 28: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), birth/death, (III)-Marie Anne Chauvin, died October 3, 1728, daughter (II)-Charles Chauvin and (III)-Marie Madeleine Cauchon born 1655; veuve d'Oliver Michel.

October 1: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), birth, (III)-Elisabeth Godfroy died July 25, 1750 Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan) daughter (II)-Jacques Godfroy (1684-1730) and (II)-Marie Anne Chesne b-1690; married September 10, 1749 Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), Jean Baptiste Chapoton.

November 5: Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), birth, (III)-Judith Amable Cesire, (apelee Julia a son) born Lachine, Quebec, (family living Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan)), daughter (II)-Jean Cesire (1698-1767) and (II)-Marguerite Charlotte Girard (born 1703); married February 16, 1751 Fort Detroit, New France (Michigan), Charles Nicolas Raimbaut.

November 19: Montreal, Quebec, birth, (IV)-Marie Madeleine Lauzon, died January 12, 1780, British Detroit (Michigan) daughter (III)-Nicolas Lauzon (1693-1779) and (II)-Marie Madeleine Moran (1704-1732)

December 10: St. Augustin, Quebec, birth, (III)-Marie Louise Dubeau, Metis, daughter (II)-Laurent Dubeau, Metis, (1672- 1731) and Marie Francoise Sevigny.