Genealogical and Biographical Record of North-Eastern Kansas
The Lewis Publishing Company, Chicago, 1900

G-K

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JAMES H GARSIDE

Mr. Garside is the local freight agent for the Santa Fe and the Rock Island Railroads at Atchison, and is perhaps the best known business man in the city, his duties in connection with the above mentioned position bringing him into contact with merchants, farmers, grain dealers and shippers of all classes of freight during the eight years in which he has held the post. His uniform courtesy and obliging manner have won him high regard, and his life record well deserves a place in this volume.

Mr. Garside was born in Canton, Fulton county, Illinois, January 26, 1848. His parents were Joshua and Anna (Cox) Garside, and his father, a native of England, emigrated to the United States in 1836. He became a member of the banking firm of Maple, Stipp & Garside, at Canton, and subsequently went to Nebraska City to open a bank for S. F. Nuckolls. In 1864 the family removed to Atchison and the father became a member of the firm of A. S. Parker & Company, forwarding agents and also agents for the Star Line of steamers plying between St. Louis and St. Joseph. Later the firm became Garside & Son, and did an extensive business in forwarding freight to Denver, Salt Lake and Montana. There was at time a large number of boats plying the river and a vast amount of grain was shipped by them; a single boat sometimes took on from three to ten thousand bushels of grain in sacks and lay at the levee two or three days in loading.

James H. Garside is the eldest of nine children, two sons and seven daughters. He was educated at the public schools of Nebraska City, Nebraska, and in the high school in Atchison. He was for many years in business with his father as mentioned above. Prior to the completion of the bridge at Atchison a transfer boat named "Wm. Osborn" was used in transferring cars for the Central Branch and Santa Fe lines and Mr. Garside had charge of that business. At the completion of the bridge he was with the Hamilton & Flint Transfer Company, which transferred freight with teams from one side of the river to the other. He entered the service of the Santa Fe road in 1881, which position he now occupies. Prior to his engagement with the Santa Fe, he was an agent for the Continental Fast Freight line, the Commercial Express line and the Star Union line.

In 1872 Mr. Garside was married, to Miss Mattie H. Preston, of Canton, Illinois. They have one son, named for his grandfather, William Preston.

Mr. Garside is a member of Washington Lodge, No. 5, A. F. & A. M., of Washington Commandery and of the Mystic Shrine. He has been a member of the board of education for the past twelve years. He is one of the charter members of the Atchison Flambeau Club and also of the Atchison Gun Club. He belongs to the Congregational church, of which he is one of the trustees. He is a very busy man but is genial in his disposition, accommodating and courteous in his dealings with the public, and is much esteemed by all who know him.

JACOB GIBSON

The life of Jacob Gibson flowed along quietly and without many great events, but he nobly performed his part toward his family and the several communities in which he dwelt, and his place could only with difficulty be filled by any one else. He reached his seventy-seventh year, 1900, when he could look back along the pathway he had traveled with few regrets, and justly feel that the world was the better for his sojourn here.

A son of Thomas and Sarah (Wiley) Gibson, our subject was born June 6, 1823, in York county, Pennsylvania. His father, of Scotch-Irish descent, also was a native of the Keystone state and a farmer by occupation. His mother was of a Scotch family. The only sister of our subject, Mary, is deceased.

The boyhood and early manhood of Jacob Gibson was spent in his native state, where he learned the trades of blacksmithing and wheelwright. In these lines of business he was actively employed for many years, accumulating sufficient means to purchase a fine homestead when he came to the west. It was in 1865 that he moved to Peoria county, Illinois, where he continued to dwell for some six years, at the end of which period he located in Kapioma township, Atchison county. The farm contained one hundred and forty acres of arable land, most of which was under high cultivation, yielding abundant harvests. On the place stood a comfortable residence and barns.

The marriage of Mr. Gibson and Leah High was celebrated in August, 1851, in Clearfield county, Pennsylvania. Mrs. Gibson's parents, John and Sarah High, were of German extraction. Eleven children were born to our subject and wife, namely: Mary Johnstone, John, George W., Susan Hunn, A. Lincoln, Philip, Emma Huston, Lizzie Cathcart, Lillie Brooks, D. William and one who died in infancy. Six of the number have been engaged in teaching, but at the present time only D. W. is so employed. A. Lincoln died when twenty-nine years of age. All of the children received as good educational advantages as it was in their parents' power to afford them. The father had been for years a member of the local school board. In his political belief he was a Republican. He was, as are his wife and children, connected with the Methodist Episcopal church of Arrington, in which he was a trustee and a zealous worker in the Sunday school. His death took place March 16, 1900, and was the occasion of sincere mourning among many friends.

GEORGE W GLICK

Whatever else may be said of the legal fraternity, it cannot be denied that members of the bar have been more prominent actors in public affairs than any other class. This is but the natural result of causes which are manifest and require no explanation. The ability and training which qualify one to practice law, also qualifies him in many respects for duties which he outside the strict path of his profession and which touch the general interests of society. Holding marked precedence among the members of the bar of Atchison county Mr. Glick practiced law for many years and later was called to public life by the vote of the people. As the ninth governor of the state his name is inseparably connected with the history of the commonwealth and at the present time he is serving as United States pension agent, of the district comprising Kansas, Missouri, Colorado, New Mexico, Oklahoma and Indian Territory.

Mr. Glick was born in Fairfield county, Ohio, July 4, 1827, and when he was four years old his father's family removed to a farm near Fremont in the same state. There he attended a country school held in what is known as "Glick's schoolhouse," and when nineteen years of age taught in the same place. He subsequently became a student in the Diocletian Institute in Fremont, which was founded by Dr. Dio Lewis who afterwards became famous for his views in regard to health reform. Later he attended the Central College of Ohio, but did not finish the course.

Mr. Glick, Sr., was a thoroughly well-informed and practical agriculturist and acquired a competence as a result of his labors. His son was equally fond of the calling and would doubtless have been as successful in that line as his father, had not an accident by which his feet were severely injured in a threshing machine apparently put an end to all active work. Fortunately his fears were not realized and he entirely recovered his original strength and use of his limbs. To this day, however, his love for country life continues, and as long as his father lived on the farm he spent his summers there, assisting in the haying and harvesting.

While under the apprehension that he would be a cripple for life, Mr. Glick determined to take up law as a profession and began his studies, in 1849, in the office of Buckland & Hayes, of Fremont, the latter member of the firm being Rutherford B. Hayes, who afterward became president of the United States. Two years later he was admitted to the bar in Cincinnati, passing an examination with the graduating class of the Cincinnati Law School. After eight years of successful practice in Fremont, Mr. Glick came to Atchison in June, 1859, and the following January formed a partnership with Hon. A. G. Otis, which continued as long as he practiced law. At the bar he won marked prestige by reason of his thorough understanding of law in its various departments and his devotion to his clients' interests. He prepared his cases with precision and exactness, studied the question at issue from every possible standpoint, and was thus ready to meet not only the expected but also the unexpected, which happens quite as frequently in the courts as out of them. In 1872 he turned his attention to the less arduous duties of the farm, but maintained his residence in Atchison. He was the owner of a valuable tract of land of six hundred and forty acres, four miles west of the city, and there he successfully carried on stock raising, making a specialty of the breeding of Bates short-horned cattle. A number of times he has paid as high as one thousand dollars for a single animal, and among stock dealers he obtained a wide reputation, shipping cattle to Michigan, Iowa, Nebraska, Missouri, New Mexico, Colorado and other western points. Mr. Glick has also been connected with the railroad interests of the state and was the first president of the Atchison & Nebraska road, which, under his direction, was constructed to the state line.

For many years he has been a prominent factor in the public life of the state and his course, which has ever been marked by a patriotic spirit, is one over which there falls no shadow of wrong. Mr. Glick has served nine terms in the Kansas legislature -- a longer record than any other citizen of the state -- and was once county commissioner and once county auditor. While holding the latter office in 1882, he was elected governor by nine thousand plurality over John P. St. John, who had been elected two years before by about fifty-five thousand. In 1884 he was renominated for governor by the Democrats, but defeated by John A. Martin, although he ran sixteen thousand ahead of his ticket. He was nominated for governor nine years after coming to Kansas, but the Republicans were, in full command of the situation at that time and he was defeated. In 1885 he was appointed pension agent, serving four years, and again in 1893, both times without solicitation on his part.

Mr. Glick has been a Mason thirty-six years, being one of the original organizers of the Knights Templar Commandery and Royal Arch Chapter in Atchison. He has always taken an active interest in everything calculated to develop the resources of the county and state and is one of the most valuable citizens in Kansas.

JAMES M GRANEY

Through long years of connection with the agricultural interests of Nemaha county, James M. Graney succeeded in gaining a very comfortable competence, and thus was enabled to leave to his family at his death a valuable property. He also left to them that good name which is rather to be chosen than great riches, for his career was ever straightforward and honorable. He was born in county Galway, Ireland, and came to America in 1848, locating in New York. There he was employed by the government and was sent as a teamster to the West, in which capacity he participated in the Ute war in 1857. He first became the owner of a farm in 1860, when he purchased a tract of wild land in Richmond township, Nemaha county. He still, however, continued to work as a teamster for the government in the civil war, after which he turned his attention to the development of his farm, transforming the wild prairie into richly cultivated fields. He married Miss Ann Daly, and in a log cabin in Nemaha county they began their domestic life. There Mr. Graney successfully carried on agricultural pursuits for a number of years, becoming the owner of four hundred acres of valuable land. He was accounted one of the most practical and progressive agriculturists of the community, and in the work of general progress and improvement he took an active interest, withholding his support from no measure or movement which he believed would prove of benefit to the community. For a number of years he held the office of justice of the peace, and in his political affiliations he was a Democrat. His death occurred on the 21st of January, 1899, and the community thereby lost one of its valued representatives.

His widow, who is still residing on the old homestead, was born in county Longford, Ireland, on the 22d of March, 1829. Her father, Bernard Doyle, was a native of that county, and a farmer by occupation. He died at the age of seventy years, and his wife died in the Emerald Isle when sixty-five years of age. She bore the maiden name of Bridget Scolly, and was also born in Longford county. In their family were nine children, of whom two died in childhood, while all have now passed away with the exception of Mrs. Graney. She came to America in 1848, landing in New Orleans, where she made her home for six years. In that city she became the wife of Jeremiah Daly in 1854, and two weeks later they removed to Texas, where Mr. Daly engaged in teaching school for two years. He then joined the army and went to Florida, but after a short time was transferred to Salt Lake City, Utah, where he was stationed with his command from 1857 until 1860. He then removed with his family to Nemaha county. Kansas, locating on a farm in Nemaha township. Three children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Daly,: Mary, John and Anna. The first named was born in Bastrop, Texas, April 4, 1855, and was a little maiden of five summers when brought by her parents to this state. She pursued her education in the Atchison convent and also in the public schools, and at the age of sixteen years began teaching, which profession she has since followed with the exception of a period of three years. During the greater part of this time she has been connected with educational work in Nemaha county, but for a time was located at Seneca. She is now teaching in Kelly, and is recognized as one as one of the most successful educators in that locality. She was married in 1879 to Milton Todd, who is a teacher in the Seneca high school and for four years was the county superintendent of Nemaha county. He holds a life diploma from the state of Kansas, being one of the first twelve to whom such a diploma was granted. He was born in Canada September 9, 1844, and pursued his education in Jefferson College, of Michigan, in the Normal School at Leavenworth, Kansas, and at Holton. His wife also was a student in the Normal School at Leavenworth. Socially he is connected with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and is a very prominent Mason, having attained the Knight Templar degree of the York rite, and the thirty-second degree of the Scottish rite. Both he and his wife are widely and favorably known and occupy a very enviable position in social circles, where true worth and intelligence are received as the passports into good society. They now have three children: George Emerson, who is a graduate of the Seneca high school and is now a student in the State University at Lawrence, Kansas; Marie, who is now teaching at the age of sixteen years, and will graduate in the Seneca high school in the class of 1901; and Paul Edward, attending school in Seneca.

In 1864, Mrs. Daly became the wife of James Graney, and their union was blessed with five children. Rosa died at the age of nine years. Agnes is the wife of John Keegan, of Marshall county, Kansas, by whom she has three children -- Lillie, Jay and Milton. Jay was born in Nemaha county, November 26, 1868, and was reared on the farm where he now resides. He married Maggie Baker, a native of this county, and they had two children -- James, deceased. and Edward. He operates his mother's farm and is accounted one of the leading and enterprising farmers of the community; Ellen was born in Nemaha township, and is the wife of Fred Hartmann, of Washington township, Nemaha county, by whom she has two children -- James and Winifred; and Edward died at the age of ten years.

The Graney family is numbered among the early settlers of Nemaha county, and its representatives enjoy the warm friendship of a large circle of acquaintances. Mrs. Graney occupies the home farm and owns one hundred and fifty-one acres and a life interest in eighty-nine acres. The son Jay has a farm of one hundred and twenty acres, and Mrs. Keegan has forty acres. At one time Mr. Graney owned the entire four hundred acres, but he sold eighty acres of this to his son Jay. He placed the farm under a high state of cultivation, making it a valuable property, and although it is now divided into three different tracts it is still well improved by the present owners. The family are members of the Catholic church at St. Benedict, and Mrs. Graney contributed liberally to the building of the house of worship there.
 

JOHN GRAVES

The period of development in any section of the country is always attended by hardships which must be borne by men of sturdy spirit and determination, who overcome all obstacles with resolute purpose and industry. As civilization advances the difficulties of early times give way to the comforts and conveniences of the present, but the foundation of prosperity and progress is laid in the early days by the pioneer and to him the county owes a debt of gratitude. Among this number in Atchison county is John Graves, whose connection with northeastern Kansas covers a period of forty-five years. He was born in east Tennessee November 27, 1829, and is a son of Anthony Graves, who was also born in the same state. The grandfather, John Graves, was a native of North Carolina and was of German lineage; he was reared, however, in Tennessee, and on attaining his majority he married Sarah Sharp. Anthony Graves was twice married. He first married Julia Bloodsaw, who bore him four children, namely: Nancy and Elizabeth, who are living, and Hugh and Rebecca, who have passed away. The mother dying, the father afterward married Martha Lower, by whom he had eleven children, namely: John; Sarah; Mary, deceased; Rose; Jake; Henry, who died in Marysville, Missouri, in 1899; Martha; James; Catherine; William, deceased; and Lutitia. The father's death occurred in Missouri when he had attained the age of eighty-two years, and the mother passed away aged nearly eighty-three years. Both were members of the Baptist church and people of sterling worth.

In the state of his nativity John Graves spent the first eleven years of his life, and then accompanied his parents on their removal to Missouri. He was the eldest son at home and as the father was in limited circumstances he had to aid in the development of the farm, and therefore received very limited school privileges. He, however, early learned the lessons of thrift and industry that are so necessary to success in life, and became familiar with all the duties that fall to the lot of the agriculturist. He remained at home until the age of twenty-one, after which he was married, in Buchanan county, Missouri, February 10, 1850, to Miss Elizabeth Landrum, a daughter of Edward and Priscilla Landrum, both of whom died in Atchison county, Kansas, where they settled in 1855, in Benton township. Mrs. Graves has a brother, William, who is living in Benton township, Atchison county, and a sister, Mrs. T. F. Cook, of Effingham. The young couple began their domestic life upon a farm in Missouri, renting land, but five years later settled on his present farm, he building a log cabin with a "clap-board" roof, the only expense attached to the construction of the building being fifty cents which he paid for nails. In that primitive pioneer home they lived for five years, at the end of which time it was replaced by a more commodious and modern residence. In his business undertakings Mr. Graves prospered, and from time to time added to his property until the old homestead numbered about three hundred and thirty-seven acres of rich land. He is also the owner of eight hundred and forty acres in Pottawatomie county and one hundred and sixty acres in Jefferson county, making a total of one thousand, three hundred and thirty-seven acres. His home farm is a valuable one, well stocked with a high grade of cattle and horses and his extensive realty holdings bring to him a handsome income.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Graves were born three children: James Marion, now a prominent farmer in Benton township, married for his first wife Lou Mosier, and to them were born three children, namely: Mary, William and Edward. The mother of these children died in 1896, and in 1899 he married Callie Richmond. Henry Lower Graves, the second son, married Anna Carson, and is farming in Missouri. M. Anna is the wife of J. R. Stockwell, of Jefferson county, Kansas, and has four children: Roy, Ora, Ira and Una. January 26, 1900, Mrs. Graves was called away in death. She was a Christian and excellent woman.

Mr. Graves has now reached the Psalmist's span of three score years and ten, but largely possesses the figure of a man in his prime. He came to this country in early life, at which time he had not only no capital but had incurred an indebtedness of fifty dollars. Industry, economy and perseverance have been the salient features in his success and have made him one of the largest land owners of the county. In politics he is a Republican. For over fifty years he has been a member of the Christian church and for much of that time has served as elder. His life is upright and his career has ever been characterized by the strictest honesty and the most careful fidelity to duty.

CHARLES E GREEN

When a man has through active and honorable effort won success in the business affairs of life and then has put aside arduous cares, all agree that his rest is well merited. Mr. Green is now living retired in Effingham, having through his own labors acquired a handsome competence. His residence in Kansas dates from 1879, and his course during the intervening period has been such as to win him the confidence and good will of his fellow townsmen, who regard him as one of the representative men of Atchison county.

A native of Ohio, Mr. Green was born in Washington county, on the 30th of September, 1843, and is a son of Mark Green. He is descended from good old Revolutionary stock, his great-grandfather having served under Washington in the war of the Revolution. The spirit of loyalty which has ever characterized the family is also manifested in his grandfather, who took part in the second war with England, and in the civil strife the subject of this review "donned the blue" in defense of the Union. His father, Mark Green, was a native of Washington county, Ohio, and there grew to manhood. Having attained his majority he wedded Lucy Richards, a native of New York, and a daughter of L. Richards. They became the parents of five children: Charles, of this review; Ellen E., the wife of Hon. B. F. Wallack, formerly United States senator from Kansas; Mary A., the wife of James A. Henry, of Athens county, Ohio; Lavina, the wife of W. W. Walker, of Effingham, and John M., now deceased. The father of these children was a stalwart Republican in politics. He had previous to the organization of the party been a stanch advocate of abolition principles, and when a new political organization came into the field to prevent the further extension of slavery he at once joined its ranks. During the civil war he served from 1861 to 1863 in the general assembly and took an important part in framing the legislation of that period. Personally he was a man of fine physique, over six feet in height, and weighing two hundred and thirty pounds. He died at the age of fifty-four years, and in his death the community mourned the loss of one of its valued citizens. His. wife passed away at the age of seventy-one, dying in the faith of the Methodist church, of which she was a consistent member.

Charles E. Green, whose name introduces this review, was reared in the Buckeye state and acquired a good English education in the public schools. When the country became involved in civil war he responded to the call for troops, at the age of twenty-one years, enlisting in 1864, as a member of the One Hundred and Forty-eighth Ohio Infantry, and was assigned to Company F, commanded by Captain D. J. Richards, while Colonel Moore was in command of the regiment. He entered the army as a private, but was mustered out in April, 1865, with the rank of first sergeant, having participated in several engagements.

On leaving the army Mr. Green operated a saw-mill in Sedalia, Missouri, until 1868. He was for some time engaged in the milling and lumbering business in Henry county, Missouri. In 1869 he returned to Marietta, Washington county, Ohio, where he was also in the milling and lumbering business, until 1879. He then came to Kansas and located on a farm five miles south of Effingham, where he farmed up to 1894, when he retired from the farm and moved into Effingham, where he is now engaged in the fire insurance business and holds the office of justice of the peace.

Mr. Green married Miss Sarah J. Turner, a lady of education and natural refinement, who before her marriage was a successful school-teacher. Her father was George Turner. Four children grace the union of Mr. and Mrs. Green: Minnie C., a graduate of the Kansas State Normal, and now a member of the faculty of the Atchison high school; Laura, a successful teacher in the public schools of Effingham; Lucy T., the wife of Fred Mayor, of Eagle, Colorado, and John M. The family are well known in social circles, where the members of the household occupy high positions. The parents and children belong to the Methodist church, and Mr. and Mrs. Green are connected with the Grand Amy of the Republic and its auxiliary, the Woman's Relief Corps. He is a leading member of Effingham Post, No. 276, Grand Army of the Republic, and has been an officer in the lodge for the past two years, while his wife is the treasurer of the Relief Corps. He belongs to the Masonic fraternity, while she is connected with the Eastern Star lodge. In politics a stalwart Republican, he has served for some years as a justice of the peace, and has frequently been a delegate to county and state conventions. Public-spirited and progressive, he gives his active co-operation to all movements tending to advance the welfare of the community along educational, social and moral lines.
 

ERNEST C GRIFFIN

One of the younger members of the Atchison bar is Ernest C. Griffin, who is numbered among the native sons of Atchison county, his birth having occurred upon a farm in Walnut township July 9, 1873. His father, Charles T. Griffin, a prominent lawyer of Atchison, was born in Kentucky, December 18, 1848, and came to Kansas with his parents, Samuel P. and Eliza (Saunders) Griffin, who now reside in Center township, Atchison county, upon a farm, and are numbered among the prosperous agriculturists of the community. Charles T. Griffin was reared to manhood on the family homestead in that township, and, having acquired his preliminary education in the public schools, entered Alfred University, in New York, Where he completed his literary course. Determining to engage in the practice of law as a life work he began preparation for the bar, and after a thorough and comprehensive study was admitted, in 1872. Opening an office in Atchison, he soon secured a large and distinctly representative clientage and in 1875 he was elected county attorney. In 1878 he formed a partnership with John C. Tomlinson and the firm took rank among the leading lawyers of this section of the state. In 1884 Mr. Griffin was elected city attorney and has ably conducted all the litigated interests that come to him through his office, winning the commendation of the general public as well as of the bar. His knowledge of law is accurate and profound and embraces an intimate acquaintance with almost every department of jurisprudence. This enables him to base his arguments upon sound judicial principles and before court and jury he is both logical and convincing in his presentation of the cause. In 1872 he was nominated by the Democrats as a candidate for state senator and the same fall his father was elected on the Republican ticket to the house, so that they served in the same sessions. In 1870 Charles Griffin was united in marriage to Miss Addie Eliler. a daughter of Daniel Eliler, a farmer of Virginia, and to them were born the following children: Edward C., Grace and Ernest C.

The last named obtained his education in the city schools of Atchison and in Nortonville, Kansas. Determining to follow in the professional footsteps of his father, he read law with John C. Tomlinson and W. T. Bland. the latter since district judge. In 1895 he was admitted to the bar and began practice in Atchison. He served as police judge of the city and is one of the rising young attorneys of this section of the state, deserving of high recognition as an able member of the profession which he has chosen. He is a young man of strong mentality, of marked force of character and of laudable ambition, whose friends predict for him a successful future.

RICHARD G GRIFFIN

Forty-one years have passed since Mr. Griffin came to Kansas and marvelous have been the changes which have occurred in the commonwealth since that time. Kansas had not then taken on statehood and was still under territorial rule. With the growth and development of the northeastern portion of the state Mr. Griffin has been actively identified and at all times has been found a loyal and progressive citizen, true to the interests of the community with which he is connected. He was born sixty-seven years ago in Franklin county, Vermont, a son of William Griffin, whose birth occurred in the same county. The grandfather was David Griffin, of Irish lineage. The mother of our subject bore the maiden name of Jane Miller. She, too, was born in the Green Mountain state and was of French lineage. She died in her native state in 1847, after which the father removed to Scranton, Greene county, Iowa, where he died at the age of seventy-five years. He served as a soldier in the Civil war, being a member of the Twelfth Illinois Infantry. By occupation he was a farmer, following that pursuit in order to support his family, which included his wife and five children, namely Richard, of this review; Levi, now deceased; Charles, William and Louise. There was also one other child, who died in early life. After the death of his first wife the father was a second time married and had one child by that union.

Richard G. Griffin, whose name introduces this review, was reared in the Green Mountain state and in early life learned the blacksmith's trade, which he followed for a number of years in the east. In 1857 he emigrated westward, hoping to benefit his financial condition in a region less thickly settled, believing that the opportunities there afforded would be superior to those in the east. For two years he resided in Illinois and in 1859 he came to Kansas, locating in Brown county. During the Civil war he responded to the country's call for troops, enlisting, in 1861, as a member of Company D, Eighth Kansas Infantry, with which he served until the close of the war in 1865. He was at Nashville, Tennessee, much of the time and on the expiration of the three-year term he veteranized and served for a time with the First Veteran Regiment of the United States Engineers. He was also on detached duty for a time and did valuable work for his country by building pontoon bridges, over which the army was transported. With an honorable record for loyalty and faithfulness he returned to his home when the war was over and the country no longer needed his services.

Mr. Griffin has since resided in Brown county and has been actively interested in its up building and development. He married Mrs. Loey Rounds, who was born in Indiana and bore the maiden name of Terrill. She had nine children by her first marriage and by her second union had one son, Charles Griffin, who lives on a farm in Atchison county, Kansas, near Muscotah. The mother, who was a consistent member of the Methodist Episcopal church, died in May, 1896. On the 10th of June, 1897, Mr. Griffin was again married, his second union being with Mrs. Molly Seymour, a widow of Rev. R. H. Seymour, who was a gallant officer in the civil war and a well known pioneer preacher in Kansas. Mrs. Griffin was born in New Albany, Indiana, a daughter of S. C. Ramsey, also one of the loyal defenders of the Union during the civil war. He now lives in Des Moines, Iowa. but the mother has passed away, having died in Fremont county, Iowa, in November, 1880. Mrs. Griffin was reared in the Hawkeye state and acquired her education in its public schools. When she had attained to womanhood she gave her hand in marriage to Thomas Simpson, by whom she had two children: Mrs. Lotta McGinnis, of Powhattan, Kansas; and George, of Joplin, Missouri. At Alma, Kansas, Mrs. Simpson became the wife of Rev. R. H. Seymour, a minister of the Methodist Episcopal church, and to them were born two children, -- Bessie May and Horatio; but the latter is now deceased. The father died April 27, 1885, in Sumner county, Kansas, since which time Mrs. Seymour has become the wife of Mr. Griffin. They own and occupy a good farm of forty acres in Hiawatha township, Brown county. The place is improved with a good residence, an orchard, substantial outbuildings and all the accessories of a model farm. Both Mr. and Mrs. Griffin are members of the Methodist church, and the former is a Republican in politics. They enjoy the high regard of many friends, being both widely and favorably known in the community.
 

JOSEPH HAEGELIN

Joseph Haegelin, deceased, was a member of the well-known brewing firm of Ziebold & Haegelin at Atchison, Kansas. He died at his residence in that city January 25, 1893, at the age of forty-six years, ten months and twelve days, after an illness of only ten days.

Mr. Haegelin was born in Guinner, amt Staufen, Baden, Germany. in the year 1846, March 14. He learned the brewer's trade at Ettenheim, Baden, beginning an apprenticeship at the age of fourteen. In May, 1867, he emigrated to America, coming immediately west, and for two years was employed by H. Nunning, now deceased, at St. Joseph, Missouri. He left that city in 1869 to accept a position as foreman for Frank Young, who was at that time a leading brewer of Atchison and with whom he continued until 1871, when with Herman Ziebold, he bought the brewery of A. Stern. This partnership continued until the death of Mr. Ziebold and ever since that time the business has been conducted under the firm name of Ziebold & Haegelin.

The young firm immediately improved the old brewery plant and erected a new brewery, with every modern improvement then known to the trade. They were very successful and later, when Kansas adopted prohibition, the firm became famous throughout the country by the persistence with which they fought that law through every stage and phase of litigation up to and through the United States supreme court, where the case was finally decided against them. Mr. Ziebold, an active and energetic man, died at Atchison July 20, 1891.

Mr. Haegelin attended the conventions of the National Brewers' Association, of which he was a member, to the last time it was held at Washington, after which he took a pleasure trip to his old home in Germany, -- one of the very few recreations in which he indulged during his busy career. At his death he left a widow and eight children, the eldest being twenty-one years of age, the youngest six years old. His estate is valued at twenty thousand dollars.

Mr. Haegelin was a man of great energy and business ability, and his course since Kansas adopted prohibition shows his steadfastness of purpose and strength of will. All his business transactions were characterized by straightforwardness and the strictest honesty while his free-handed benevolence and his pre-eminent social instincts brought to him the regard and esteem of all classes of society. He was easily in the front rank of the most prominent German-American citizens of Kansas.

HON GEORGE V HAGAMAN

Since 1867 Mr. Hagaman has been a resident of Doniphan county and has figured conspicuously in business and political circles as a representative citizen whose devotion to the public good is above question. He is now successfully carrying on agricultural pursuits in Wayne township and at the same time is prominent in political circles. A native of West Virginia, he was born in Berkeley county on the 6th of May, 1845, the same year in which Texas was admitted into the Union. His father, M. Hagaman, was born in Pennsylvania and was of German lineage. Having arrived at years of maturity he married Miss Elizabeth A. Couchman, who was born in West Virginia and was also of German descent. During the early boyhood of our subject they removed to Indiana and for many years Mr. Hagaman has been a resident of Doniphan county, his home being now in Highland. He is seventy-nine years of age and is one of the respected and honored old settlers of the community. His wife died in December, 1861. She was a lady of many excellent qualities, who reared her children with conscientious regard to their future welfare, instilling into their minds lessons of industry and honor, which have proved of incalculable benefit to them in later life. In their family were five children, namely: George V., of this review, Mary, Joseph, Ella and Nettie.

Hon. George V. Hagaman, whose name heads this sketch, was only four years of age when the family removed to Indiana and accordingly he spent his youth on a farm in the Hoosier state, where he early became familiar with all the duties and labors that fall to the lot of the agriculturist. He obtained his literary education in the public schools and added to his knowledge by practical experience in the affairs of life. During the civil war he joined the Union army as a member of the boys in blue of Company A, One Hundred and Fifty-first Indiana Infantry, with which he served until the stars and stripes were victoriously planted on the capitol of the Confederacy. He then received an honorable discharge and returned to his home.

In 1867 Mr. Hagaman was united in marriage to Miss Anna M. Wyncoop, a lady of culture and refinement, who has proved to her husband a faithful companion and helpmeet on the journey of life. She was born in Pennsylvania, but was reared and educated in Indiana and is a daughter of David Wyncoop, a prominent and well-to-do citizen of Atchison. She has two brothers, who are leading and popular citizens of Wayne township, Doniphan county, where they enjoy the respect and confidence of all who know them. Unto our subject and his wife have been born six children: Cora May, Maud, Pearl and three sons who died in childhood.

In 1867 Mr. Hagaman came to Doniphan county and is here the owner of a very valuable farm, comprising one hundred and sixty-five acres of rich and arable land. By well-kept fences it is divided into pasture and meadow land and fields for cultivation. There is a good residence upon the place, large barns and cribs and other necessary outbuildings. Water is supplied to the place through the motive power of a windmill. There is an excellent orchard and a beautiful grove, all which add to the value and attractiveness of the place. He raises good crops and keeps on hand a large number of cattle for dairy purposes, being one of the stockholders of the creamery at Bendena. His business is carried on along lines of progress and advancement and he is accounted one of the most progressive and successful agriculturists of his community. He exercises his right of franchise in support of the men and measures of the Republican party and is active and zealous in his advocacy of the principles and in support of his friends who seek office. His own worth and ability have frequently led to his selection for political honors. He has served in different township offices and in 1880 and 1881 represented his district in the state legislature, where he gave a loyal and conscientious support to all measures which he believes to be of public benefit. He is a member of the Ancient Order of United Workmen, and in that fraternity, as in all other walks of life, enjoys the confidence and respect of those with whom he is associated. his success may be attributed entirely to his own efforts and is therefore well merited.
 

DURAND C HALL

A wealthy and representative citizen of Atchison county was Durand C. Hall, deceased, who was the proprietor of Orchard Hill farm, which beyond question is one of the most attractive and valuable homesteads in the county or state. Mr. Hall made his home in this locality for over thirty years, was active and zealous in its up building and advancement and was looked up to and consulted in all important affairs pertaining to the welfare of the community. He located on his farm in Center township in the spring of 1869.

At a very early day in the history of Ohio, seven brothers by the name of Hall became permanent residents of Portage county, going there from their former home in Vermont. One of the number was Benjamin, the grandfather of Durand C. Hall. In the Buckeye state occurred the birth of William Hall, the father of our subject. He was engaged in agricultural pursuits until late in life, and attained the ripe old age of eighty-seven years. During the stormy years prior to and including the civil war period, he was a strong abolitionist. Religiously he was a Congregationalist. Four children were born to himself and his first wife, whose maiden name was Maria Law. James P., the eldest, now resides in San Diego county, California; Eliza, who received an excellent education at Oberlin College, and for some time was successfully engaged in teaching in the Chicago public schools, is deceased; and Lucy, who is the wife of I. P. Griswold, of Lexington, Nebraska, a soldier of the late civil war. After the death of his first wife, William Hall married Bethia Palmer, of Catskill, New York, and their only son, Newton H., now living in Ohio, was in the Union service during the war of the Rebellion. Helen M., the eldest daughter, became the wife of Henry Wilcox, now of Saratoga, New York; and Anna, the younger, is the wife of Benjamin Shurart, of Oberlin, Ohio.

Durand C. Hall was born in Portage county, Ohio, June 17, 1834, and early learned the lessons of industry and thrift, which are the essentials to success in any vocation. Reverses, came to him, as to everyone, but he never faltered in his course and at length his persistence and well applied business methods brought to him the prosperity which he had justly earned. He became the owner of one of the largest and best equipped farms in Atchison county, comprising six hundred and seventy-five acres, all in one tract, and situated near the town of Farmington. On the place stands a substantial barn which is reputed to be the largest one in the county, as it is 80x64 feet in dimensions, has a basement affording accommodations for one hundred and fifty head of live stock, and a capacity of two hundred tons of hay and grain. For several years Mr. Hall was especially successful as a stock-raiser, keeping a high grade of Hereford cattle, among other varieties.

Mr. Hall was twice married. March 11, 1858, he married Ellen M. Underwood, who was born in Portage county, Ohio, April 21, 1835. and she died September 9, 1871, in Atchison county. She was the daughter of Albert, who was a personal and warm friend of James A. Garfield and aided in nominating and electing him to the legislature, and her mother came from the well-known Moulton family, of Ohio. Mr. Hall's first wife was a lady of good education, educated at Hiram College, Hiram, Ohio, and had an acquaintance with Garfield, who attended with her this college. Mr. Hall's first wife bore him the following children: Inez M., who married B. C. Achenbach, of Clinton county, Pennsylvania; Albert S., single; John H., deceased; Herbert D., of Atchison county; and Mary E., who married Edward R. Stacey, of Atchison county. The son, Albert S., is now at the old homestead.

On the 29th of May, 1873, the marriage of D. C. Hall and Susan, a daughter of Salmon and Manerva (Rice) Merriam, was solemnized. Mrs. Hall, who was born at Meriden, Connecticut, had seven brothers and sisters, namely: Sylvia M., of Durham, Connecticut; Ezekiel, who served in the Union army during the civil war and now resides at Hartford, Connecticut; Lydia, the wife of Ira Doolittle, of Harper county, Kansas; Sarah, the deceased wife of W. Pritchard; Harriet, the wife of H. L. Whitaker, of Lancaster township, Atchison county; Mary, the wife of R. Higley of Pardee; and Asaph, of South Acton, Massachusetts. Salmon Merriam departed this life when in his fifty-eighth year, and his wife died at the age of sixty-two. They were members of the Congregational church. By Mr. Hall's second marriage but one child was born, namely, Susa E., the wife of Frank M. Linscott, of Holton, Kansas.

In 1877 Mr. Hall constructed a comfortable residence, provided with the comforts and accessories of a model home. Fraternally he was a Mason, having joined that order in Ohio when a young man. Courteous and kindly to every one, he readily made friends and his honorable course in life commends itself to the emulation of the young. His death occurred May 27, 1900.
 

FRANK HALLING

No more fitting illustration can be given of the appreciation bestowed upon its people by a republic than in the respect and admiration given to its self-made men. The history of such a one is always of interest and the life record usually contains lessons which others may profitably follow. Mr. Halling has sought not the alluring promises of the future, but has striven in the present and utilized the opportunities that have surrounded him and thus he has won a leading position in connection with the great material industries of the state. He is accounted one of the leading stock dealers of Doniphan and has met with marked success in his undertakings in this direction.

He was born in Allegheny City, Pennsylvania, October 1, 1848, and is a son of the late Lambert Halling, who was born in Hessen, Germany, in 1806. His father was a carpenter and under his direction he learned that trade in the city of Frankfort.

In 1840 Lambert Halling left the land of his birth and reached America with a very limited capital, amounting to only a few cents. He followed his trade in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, being employed by Mr. Libert for some time. He was married there, in 1845, and in 1857 started with his family by the river route for St Joseph, Missouri, but soon afterward located permanently in Doniphan, Kansas. Here he became well known as an expert mechanic and builder and aided in the erection of the Catholic college and convent in Atchison, the first church of St. Mary's at Purcell, St. Benedict's church near Denton and innumerable farm residences and other buildings in Doniphan and Atchison counties. In 1859 he pre-empted a tract of land near Doniphan and upon that farm, in comfort and ease, he spent the last years of his life. He was successful in his agricultural pursuits and therefore capable of directing the efforts of his sons in early life so that they became prosperous business men. In his religious faith he was a consistent Catholic and gave liberally of his means to church, to benevolent and educational enterprises, and died May 20, 1895. He wedded Mary Gruch and his children were: John, a Union soldier in the civil war who now resides in the Ozark mountain region of Missouri; Frank, of this review; Mary, the wife of John F. Libel, a prosperous farmer on Wolf river; Minnie, the wife of William Mangelstorf, of Bushton, Kansas; Julia, the wife of Theodore Jockems, of Barton county, Kansas; Annie, the wife of Sebastian Rosenhover; Elizabeth, the wife of Hermann Gronniger, of Union township, Doniphan county, and August, who is living on the old homestead.

Frank Halling was reared on his father's farm near Doniphan. He attended school in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, and was also a student in Atchison College for three months. His early efforts at farming were carried on under the guidance of his father. As an experiment and to encourage industry and develop independent action in his sons, his father gave him a cow and a horse in 1869 and later he sold these in order to make other investments. He used his capital, together with what he had earned in binding wheat, to purchase calves, which he fed for a season or two and then sold at a good profit. As opportunity offered he enlarged his field of operation as a stock dealer and in 1875 purchased his present farm, making the first payment with the proceeds of the cattle that he had sold. This left him with an indebtedness of twenty-two hundred dollars, upon which interest at ten and twelve per cent, was to be paid. His payments were made as agreed upon and from time to time substantial improvements were placed on the property. Later he became the owner of an additional tract of one hundred and twenty acres on section 29, Wolf River township, and in connection with his father he purchased a quarter-section of land near the old homestead in 1888, borrowing seventy-five dollars to make the first payment upon the place. Within three years he had paid off all the indebtedness and with the passing years success has attended his efforts and a gratifying degree of prosperity has come to him as a stock dealer. He is an excellent judge of stock and his judicious investments have always resulted in securing to him a good profit. He is recognized as one of the leading stock dealers in northeastern Kansas and has carried on business along that line on an extensive scale.

On the 18th of May, 1880, Mr. Halling was united in marriage to Miss Catherine Gronniger, whose father was one of the early settlers of Union township, Doniphan county. Their children are: Ella; Lambert, deceased; Bernard and Elizabeth, deceased; Frank, August, Adelaide, Lydia, Frederick and Olivia. In his political views Mr. Halling is a Democrat and was once elected treasurer of Wolf River township, but cares not for political honors. His life has been a busy and useful one and his energy and enterprise have been the salient features in his success.
 

MAJOR GILLESPIE HAM

This well-known resident of Hiawatha, Kansas, was born in Fleming county, Kentucky, near the town of Flemingsburg, October 16, 1848, and on the paternal side is of Scotch-Irish and German lineage. His parents were Malcom and Nancy A. (Conrad) Ham, both natives of Kentucky, the former born in 1821 and the latter in 1820. The grandfather, John Ham, was a native of Greenbrier county, Virginia, and married a Miss Woods, whose father attained the very advanced age of one hundred and four years. Malcom Ham served in Company D, Thirtieth Kansas Infantry, during the war 1861-5.

Major Gillespie Ham was, for the first eighteen months of his life, in the county of his nativity, and then was taken by his parents on their removal to Indiana, where they remained until 1856, at which time they took up their abode in Missouri. In March, 1857, they came to Atchison county, Kansas, the father pre-empting one hundred and sixty acres of land on Brush creek. The tract was wild and unimproved, not a furrow having been turned or a rod of fence built; but, with characteristic energy, he began the cultivation of his fields, and in the course of time developed an excellent farm, upon which he continued to make his home until 1883, when he sold the property and removed to Smith county, Kansas. In 1885 he came to Hiawatha, where he spent the last years of his life, his death occurring in February, 1889. His wife died on the old farm on Brush creek in 1858. In their family were five children, namely: Major G.; James H., who is living in Saguache, Colorado; William R., a resident of Oklahoma, and one sister and an infant brother, who are now deceased. His second marriage was to Eliza A. Hartly, who now resides at Saguache, Colorado. Of this marriage there were these children: Mary M., Odell G., William H., Joseph H., Elsie E. and Annie.

Mr. Ham, whose name introduces this review, attended the district schools of Atchison county, and was reared amid the wild scenes of frontier life. After mastering the rudimentary branches of learning, he became a student in the State Normal, at Emporia, Kansas, and when he had acquired a comprehensive knowledge of those branches of learning which are taught in our higher educational institutions he began teaching in Atchison county. In 1882 he moved to Brown county, Kansas, and continued that work until 1885, when he was elected registrar of deeds, in which office he served four years, having been re-elected on the Republican ticket. On the expiration of his term he was appointed to take the census and ascertain the mortgage indebtedness on homes and farms, his territory covering the seven counties of Brown, Jefferson, Doniphan, Nemaha, Jackson, Wyandotte and Johnson.

When that task was completed he began dealing in real estate, handling farm and city property, and in 1895 he extended the field of his operations by becoming the possessor of a set of abstract records. He is also title and loan agent, and occupies the position of notary public. It would be difficult to find in Brown county a man who is better informed concerning real estate values and ownerships than is Mr. Ham, who is now controlling an extensive business in his line and meeting with the success which he well deserves.

In 1875 Mr. Ham was united in marriage to Miss Mary C. Kessler, of Atchison county, Kansas, a daughter of David and Nancy J. (Wyley) Kessler. Their union has been blessed with four children: Nancy A.; William Burton, who is a pressman in the World office; Harry, who is engaged in blacksmithing, and Edmond Norman, who is yet in school. The family have a very pleasant home in Hiawatha, and the members of the household occupy enviable positions in social circles. Mr. Ham has always given his political support to the Republican party, and in addition to the offices already mentioned he has twice served as a member of the city council -- in 1889-90 and in 1898-9. He exercises his official prerogative in support of all measures which he believes will prove a public benefit, and he is classed among the representative and public-spirited men of the community, whose efforts have been potent elements in advancing its welfare. He served in Company K, of the Second Colorado Cavalry, during the war of the Rebellion.
 

HON JOHN B HAMNER

The Hon. John Benton Hamner is one of the best known citizens of Atchison county, where he has resided almost forty-five years. In his early manhood he passed through the hardships and untold privations of the frontiersman and fully realizes what it means to locate in a wild, undeveloped region, to contend with the obstacles placed in the way of success by nature, who yields her undisputed sway most grudgingly and smiles only upon those of the utmost hardihood and bravery of spirit.

Mr. Hamner was fortunately endowed with a liberal supply of pluck and enterprise, as well as with a strong, rugged constitution, well calculated to withstand trials which fall to the pioneer's lot. His grandfather, James Hamner, who was a native of Kentucky, was one of the early settlers of that state, and his father, John Hamner, was one of the forerunners of civilization in Missouri. The grandfather served as a soldier in the war of 1812. The father of our subject was born and reared in Kentucky, there marrying Matilda Sprowl, a native of Tennessee. They moved to Indiana, where they lived for some time, and in 1845 located in Buchanan county, Missouri. Five years later they purchased a farm in the same county, the site of the now thriving city of St. Joseph. Subsequently they crossed the Missouri river and thenceforward were identified with the development of Atchison county. The father died in 1861 at Mann's Grove, Kansas, and is survived by his wife, who is seventy-eight years of age. Politically he was a Democrat and religiously both were members of the Methodist Episcopal church, South.

The brothers and sisters of our subject were named as follows: Mrs. Margaret Jane Howard; Thomas Franklin; Mrs. Sarah E. White., whose home is near Fort Scott, Indian territory; William B., of California; Mrs. Julia Ann Peebles, of Jefferson county, Kansas; Mrs. Nancy Catherine Walters, of Kansas City; and A. Lincoln, who was born on the day that President Lincoln first took the oath as chief executive of the United States.

The birth of John Benton Hamner took place near Columbus, Bartholomew county, Indiana, July 5, 1842, and was reared as a farmer's boy, early learning the lessons of industry which have been of paramount importance in his mature years. He was thirteen years old when, on the 5th of June, 1855, he came to Atchison county, which he has since looked upon as his home. As may be expected, his educational opportunities at that day were extremely meager, though for some time he attended a district school in Missouri and also for a few months after coming to Kansas. As every student of history knows, eastern Kansas was a battlefield of contending factions prior to and during the Civil war, and Mr. Hanmer distinctly remembers numerous occurrences fraught with intense danger and interest to friends or acquaintances of his in that stormy period. He was a witness of the placing of the Rev. Pardee Butler, a noted anti-slavery agitator, upon a frail raft which was launched upon the torrents of the Missouri river by a mob of people at Atchison.

In his young manhood Mr. Hamner traveled extensively throughout the west and made three trips across the plains. He visited Salt Lake City, Virginia City, Denver and other points when they were tiny mining camps, and on one occasion, June 10, 1863, he was with a train which was intercepted by a band of Indians near Denver. After a brave resistance on the part of the white men the latter made their escape, glad to save their lives, and the redskins were the richer by some twenty head of horses, eighteen mules and property valued at about five thousand dollars.

More than a score of years ago Mr. Hamner purchased his present homestead, the land then being wild. He has since reduced it to cultivation, planting twenty acres of it with orchards, while the remainder, one hundred and forty acres, is kept for the raising of crops and for pasture hand. Good improvements and farm buildings make this one of the best farms in Kapioma township. Industry and well-applied business principles have wrought out success for the proprietor, who is deservedly popular with all who know him.

His marriage took place in the Centennial year, his bride being Sarah Ann Hale, a native of Louisiana, Lawrence county, Kentucky. Her parents, Ira and Rebecca (Goodwin) Hale, were both also of the Blue Grass state. They came to Atchison county in 1854, took up a claim here and were among the first settlers of this county. He built a saw-mill, where was cut the lumber used in the construction of the first house erected on the site of Atchison. Mr. Hale died in El Dorado, Butler county, Kansas, in 1886, having survived his wife about twenty years, as her death took place September 3, 1866. She left six children to mourn her loss and three of the number have joined her in the better land. James E. Hale now resides in Neosho, Wilson county, Kansas, and Londilla is the wife of J. A. Hubbard, of Arrington, Kansas.

Of the eight children born to Mr. and Mrs. Hamner, one died in infancy. Walter, now living in Pueblo, Colorado, lost his wife, and their two children, Arthur and Mildred, are with their grandparents, Mr. and Mrs. Hamner. The younger children of this worthy couple are named Wayne, Florence, Wallace, Mark, Belle and George.

Our subject and wife are members of the Methodist church and are sincere friends to the causes of religion and education. In 1889 Mr. Hamner was chosen by his fellow citizens to represent Kapioma township as a trustee, and also in 1890, and well did he meet the obligation thus imposed. He has ever been faithful to the interests of the majority, as he believes, and the respect of even his political opponents.
 

C J HARDING

C. J. Harding is a native of the Lone Star state, his birth having occurred in Williamson county, Texas, December 25, 1853. His parents were Thomas and Margaret (Robinson) Harding, the former of Lancashire, England, and the latter of Butler county, Ohio. The paternal grandfather was James Harding, a native of England and a cabinetmaker and carpenter by trade. In fact he possessed excellent mechanical ability and could do any kind of wood work. His last days were spent in Peoria, Illinois, where he died when well advanced in years. In religious faith he was an Episcopalian. In his family were six children: Mary E., the wife of Dr. Powell; Ann, the wife of James Ramsey; Mrs. Elizabeth Waldron; Mrs. Ellen Powell; Thomas; and William, a farmer.

Having come to America with his parents, Thomas Harding was married, in Tazewell county, Illinois, to Margaret Robinson, daughter of James Robinson, a native of Pennsylvania and of Scotch-Irish descent. He was a cooper by trade and also followed farming. In 1835 he cast in his lot with the pioneer settlers of Tazewell county. Illinois, where he took up land and improved a farm and there lived for many years. He died while visiting in Missouri. His children were: Margaret, the mother of our subject; Mary, the wife of George Anderson; and M. G., a farmer living near Carthage, Missouri. Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Harding began their domestic life in Illinois, remaining upon a farm in Tazewell county until 1848, when they removed to Arkansas and four years later to Texas. They lived in Hays and Williamson counties, where the father engaged in farming and stock raising until 1857, when anticipating the war, he returned by team to Tazewell county, Illinois. While there he engaged in agricultural pursuits and in the manufacture of sorghum molasses.

In 1866 he removed with his family to Kansas, locating in Hamlin township, Brown county, where he purchased a tract of land, on which was a log cabin and a few trees. The tract comprised eighty acres, of which about forty acres had been broken. Later he added to this and at the time of his death the homestead comprised two hundred and forty acres, and in addition he had two hundred and eighty acres elsewhere in the township. All was under a high state of cultivation and as a result of his well-directed efforts at general farming and stock raising he acquired a handsome competence. Honesty characterized all his business dealings and his reputation in trade circles was above question. Although he came to the county in limited circumstances he left to his children a good estate. His political support was given the Republican party. He died September 1, 1897, at the ripe old age of seventy-six years and nine months. His wife still survives him and is living on the old homestead in Hamlin township. She is a consistent member of the Methodist Episcopal church. In their family were five children, as follows: Mrs. Nancy Cruse C. J.; Lawrence, who died in childhood; R. J., who is living on the old homestead and Mary, the wife of T. Reed.

Mr. Harding. of this review, accompanied his parents on their various removals until they ultimately arrived in Brown county, where he was reared to manhood, remaining under the parental roof until twenty-five years of age. He was then married, in 1878, to Miss Anna Tilley, a lady of intelligence, who was born in Atchison county, Kansas, April 17, 1861, a daughter of Thomas and Chloe (Larkin) Tilley, the former a native of Rhode Island and the latter of New York, the marriage being celebrated in the first named state. The father was a cabinetmaker by trade and on leaving the east removed with his family to Iowa. In 1857 he went to Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, and afterward to Monrovia, Atchison county, Kansas, where he engaged in farming and worked at his trade. In 1865 he removed to Brown county, where he followed farming until 1880, when he began bridge building in the employ of a railroad company. During the war he joined a regiment of Kansas cavalry, raised to intercept the progress of Price. While engaged in bridge building he fell from a bridge and was injured. He was sent to a hospital in Sedalia, Missouri. and there died September 18, 1882. His wife survived him until January 28, 1891, when she, too, was called to her final rest. She had been left an orphan at a very early age, her parents having died of consumption. She had but one brother and no sisters, her brother, Samuel, having been a resident of Bridgeport, Connecticut, where he died. He was a patentee of improved attachments of the Wheeler & Wilson sewing machine and acted as the overseer of their factory for many years. Later he went to South America in the interest of a plow factory, spending two years on that continent. He then returned to Bridgeport, Connecticut, where his death occurred. He reared an interesting family of six children, all of whom are in New York, their business interests being along mechanical lines. Mrs. Tilley was a member of the Baptist church and by her marriage she became the mother of four children: Anna, now Mrs. Harding; George, of Oklahoma; Emma, now Mrs. Stornbraker; and Mrs. Mary Banister, who by a first marriage had one child and by her second marriage four children.

After his marriage Mr. Harding purchased land in Nebraska and improved a farm, which he sold in 1879. He then came to Brown county, where he purchased unimproved land, from which he developed a farm. He is now the owner of a valuable property of one hundred and sixty acres, on which he has built a commodious two-story frame residence, a large barn and substantial outbuildings. He has also planted a good orchard and grove and has made permanent improvements upon his place, so that it is now one of the most desirable farms in this section of the county, his home being conveniently located about two miles southwest of Morrill. He has given to his business his strict attention, carrying on stock raising in connection with general farming. The stock he feeds and sells to the home market and his income there from is materially increased. He is also a stockholder in the Farmers' Bank, of Morrill.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Harding have been born five children: Roy C., born February 25, 1880; Clara, born December 2, 1881; Lulu, born December 17, 1884; Edgar T., born October 20, 1892; and Emma J., born June 29, 1895. Mr. Harding is a member of the Masonic fraternity and both he and his wife belong to the Knights and Ladies of Security. Mrs. Harding is also a member of the Missionary Baptist church. In politics he is a Democrat and keeps well informed on the issues of the day, but has never sought office. During the years of his residence here his career has been attended with prosperity and, though many obstacles and difficulties have been in his path, he has steadily worked his way upward, reaching a position of affluence. Industry has been the keynote to his success and his life history should serve to encourage others who are forced to start out in life for themselves empty-handed.
 

FREDERICK HARTMAN

On the roster of the county officials of Atchison county appears the name of Frederick Hartman, who is faithfully discharging the duties of sheriff in a most capable manner. Upon the battle-fields of the south through the Civil war he manifested his loyalty to the government, and at all times he is a public-spirited and progressive man, advocating whatever tends to promote law, order, reform and progress in the material development and commercial welfare of the community.

Mr. Hartman was born on a farm in Franklin county, Indiana, December 7, 1844, his parents being Jonathan and Christina (Wolking) Hartman. His paternal grandfather, Henry Hartman, was a native of Pennsylvania and of German lineage. Having arrived at years of maturity he married Miss Alice Case, and they were living in Indiana at the time of the birth of Jonathan Hartman. on the 22d of January, 1822. The latter became a carpenter and builder and in 1846 removed to Missouri, locating in Platte county. In 1857 he removed with his family to Atchison and afterward went to Fort Williams, but soon took up his abode in Mount Pleasant township, Atchison county, where he pre-empted one hundred and sixty acres of land, transforming it into a richly cultivated farm, upon which he still makes his home. He married Miss Wolking, a daughter of Frederick Wolking and a native of Holland. When a little maiden of seven summers she came with her parents to America, the family locating near Cincinnati, Ohio, Her death occurred on the old homestead in Mount Pleasant township, Atchison county, in 1878. Eight children were born to the parents of our subject, six sons and two daughters, namely: Henry, who was a soldier in the Civil War; Frederick; Robert D., a farmer on the old homestead; William Morris; James S., who follows agricultural pursuits in Atchison county; Alice, the wife of Elija Esham, is now deceased; Mary; and Richard M., who is living on the old homestead with his father.

Frederick Hartman, of this review, accompanied his parents on their removal to Platte county and with them came to Atchison county, Kansas, where he completed his education in the public schools. He was early trained to habits of industry on the home farm, where he continued until eighteen years of age, when he responded to the country's call for troops, enlisting in 1862 as a member of Company F, Thirteenth Kansas Infantry, Captain Hays commanding the company and Colonel Bowman the regiment. He took part in a number of important engagements, including the battles of Prairie Grove, Arkansas, and Kane's Hill, and faithfully followed the old flag until mustered out on the 25th of July, 1865.

With an honorable war record Mr. Hartman returned to the farm in Atchison county and soon after was married to Miss Cynthia Parnell, of Mount Pleasant township. She was born near De KaIb, Missouri, and is the daughter of Andrew and Mariah Parnell. Mr. and Mrs. Hartman have eight children, namely: Henrietta, deceased; Hannah, the wife of James Iddings, of Atchison; Dora, deceased; Jonathan; Jessie; and May Florence, Bertie B. and Frederick, at home.

Mr. Hartman is the owner of a good farm of one hundred and sixty acres in Mount Pleasant township and the rental there from materially increases his income. In politics he is a stalwart Republican and does all in his power to promote the growth and secure the success of his party. He has served as a trustee of Mount Pleasant township and was justice of the peace there for one term. In 1880 he was elected county commissioner and re-elected in 1883, serving for six consecutive years. He has been twice elected sheriff, first in 1895 and again in 1898, so that he is the present incumbent. He is prompt and reliable in the discharge of the duties, and in various public offices which he has filled has ever won and merited the confidence and commendation of his fellow men. Socially he is connected with Washington Lodge, F. & A. M., the Fraternal Aid Association and E. C. Johnson Post, G. A. R.

ROBERT DAVIS HARTMAN

The subject of this sketch is the son of a pioneer and has himself lived for years the wild life of the plains which will have an interest more and more romantic as it recedes into the past and the impossibility of its repetition anywhere in America becomes more and more apparent. He has been a soldier also, and as such had a taste of Indian warfare. If his experience has been a remarkably fortunate one in some respects that fact should not detract from the credit due one who shrank from no responsibility and always faced the future with a bold front, willing to take his full share of any ills it might hold.

Robert Davis Hartman is one of the six children of Jonathan Hartman, some account of whose life is included in a biographical sketch of William Morris Hartman, a son of Jonathan and brother of Robert Davis Hartman, which has a place in this work. These children were named thus in the order of their birth: Frederick, Robert Davis, William Morris, Richard M., Alice and Mary. The two daughters are dead. Richard M. married Maud Brannan and lives on his father's old homestead.

Robert Davis Hartman was born at Platte City, Missouri, November 26, 1848, and grew up and was educated in the public schools near Parnell, Atchison county, Kansas. He remained in that neighborhood until he was sixteen years old and then went to Atchison and entered the employment of John Bradford. a well known freighter, as a "bull-whacker," as drivers of ox teams were called in the vernacular of the west in those days. Later he was a driver for William McPherson, of Atchison, and for Gray & Faulkner, of Leavenworth. In 1865 he went in the same service for Lord Brothers, of Denver, Colorado.

Mr. Hartman made five trips across the plains and did much arduous work and experienced some memorable hardships, but his experience was peculiar in one way. He states that his career was perhaps less exciting and noteworthy than that of any other plainsman of his time. His wagon train never encountered a live Indian during his several years of "whacking," While trains in front of him and trains behind him were completely wiped out, the men being killed and scalped, the wagons burned and the cattle and portable valuables run off. After leaving the service of Lord Brothers, Mr. Hartman came home and remained for a time on the farm.

In 1867 he enlisted in the United States Army for service against the Indians and was a member of Company D, Eighteenth Regiment Kansas Volunteers, and was in Major Moore's battalion. The historic fight at Prairie Dog creek, with the Cheyenne and Arapahoe, put an end to hostilities and the Eighteenth Regiment returned to Fort Harker and Mr. Hartman was there mustered out, after four months' service. In 1868 his desire for the excitement of frontier life reasserted itself and he went to Colorado and re-entered the service of Lord Brothers.

He remained in Colorado for seven years as a cowboy and ranchman, and then, having accumulated an amount sufficient to establish himself as a farmer at home, he returned to Atchison county, Kansas, and bought a farm in Mount Pleasant township. He has met with satisfactory success and has become known as one of the leading farmers of his vicinity. He was married, in 1870, to Mattie A., a daughter of M. L. Williams, who came to Kansas from Canton, Missouri, and they have children named Adda, Robert, Henry, Peter, James, William, Edna, Davis, Belle, Christine and Sam. James and Peter are twins.
 

WILLIAM MORRIS HARTMAN

This is a brief record of the life of a son of a pioneer in Kansas, who as a child was himself a pioneer and who has a vivid recollection of many things accounts of which have been handed down to the present generation in the history of the "border times." Some of these reminiscences will be more appropriately referred to in the part of this sketch dealing directly with the career of Jonathan Hartman, father of its immediate subject. The life, in Kansas, of Jonathan Hartman. now an old man living in retirement in the consciousness of days well spent, may be said to cover the entire period of the history of modern Kansas, and no one has watched the development of the state with keener interest than he.

William Morris Hartman was born in Platte City, Missouri, November 7, 1851, a son of Jonathan Hartman. one of the real pioneers of Atchison county. Jonathan Hartman was a native of Franklin county, Indiana, born in 1821, a son of Henry and Elsie (Thorp) Hartman. Henry Hartman was born in Bucks county, Pennsylvania, where his father and his father's brother, both from Germany, settled about the time of the American revolution.

When he was twenty-one years old, Henry Hartman sought his fortune in Indiana, where he located and was married to Miss Alice Black, who died leaving children as follows: Levi, who died in Indiana in 1886; Abram, who died at Platte City, Missouri, in 1883; and James, who died in Calaveras county, California, in 1879. By Elsie Thorp, his second wife, he had children named thus: Jonathan; Nancy, who married Davis Johnson and is dead; William, who died at Platte City, Missouri, in 1878; Hannah, who married R. M. Johnson and is dead; Elvina, who is the wife of Dr. B. F. Johnson, of Everest, Kansas and Milton Hartman, who gave his life for the southern Confederacy.

Some time in the '40s Jonathan Hartman moved into Platte county, Missouri, then a pro-slavery hot-bed, where his patience and his patriotism were both many times severely tried. In 1854 he took his family to Port William, an old and in those days prominent point on the Missouri river. While a resident there he was a witness of many of the scenes enacted in "border times" which gave rise to the name "bleeding Kansas," and knew and was known by many of the leaders on both sides of the controversy then being waged on the frontier over the slavery question. His patriotism was deeply grounded and incorruptible. Born in a free state, he was a "free-state" man, and he honored the flag of freedom and encouraged its defenders with his advice and with his active help. He had no sympathy for men who were deaf to treasonable utterances and blind to treasonable actions. He was not one to shield a traitorous hand, and when his brother Milton announced his determination to "fight for the southern Confederacy or see the whole thing sink to hell," he was wounded beyond description. When the war began he gave two sons to the service of the Union cause, one of whom never returned.

William Morris Hartman was five years old when his father removed from Port William to Mount Pleasant township, Atchison county. He gained a primary education in the district school near his home and was a member of his father's household until after he was thirty-one years old. He located on his present farm in 1884, and though not one of the largest farmers in his vicinity is one of the most progressive and successful ones. He is a stanch Republican.

April 4, 1884, William Morris Hartman married Florence A. Good, a daughter of Daniel Good, who came to Atchison county from Buffalo, New York, and was the father of ten children by his marriage to Sophia Myer. William Morris and Florence A. (Good) Hartman have children named Robert M., Nelson, Marie, Willia and Florence A. Their family is an interesting one and their friends are numerous throughout their part of the county. Mrs. Hartman is a woman of many accomplishments and the most substantial virtues, and sympathizes with her husband in his encouragement of all good works for the public benefit. Their home is well known for its hearty hospitality.

ANDREW HAWK

The history of the prominent citizens and influential residents of Atchison county would be incomplete should the Hawk family be omitted. They have borne an important part in the development of this now flourishing county and at all times and under all circumstances have stood for good government, schools and churches, improvements of various kinds and everything constituting modern civilization.

Andrew Hawk, of Benton township, is one of the sons of the good old Buckeye state, his birth having taken place February 4, 1825, in Carroll county, Ohio. His parents, Leonard and Margaret (Ridenower) Hawk, were life-long agriculturists, upright and respected by all of their acquaintances. They were members of the German Reformed church and lived in perfect harmony with their professions. The father gave his support to the old Whig party, and favored all measures which he believed were calculated to benefit the majority of our people. His long and useful life came to an end when he was in his seventy-sixth year; and his wife, who survived him, was eighty-six years old when she received the summons to lay aside her earthly burdens. Of their ten children three -- John David, Jonathan and Abraham -- are deceased: Abraham died when fourteen years of age. Mrs. Barbara Need and Samuel are residents of Ohio, Daniel W., of this township, is mentioned elsewhere in this work. William, now of Ohio, was a brave soldier who wore the blue during the war of the Rebellion. He served as a private of Company K, Twenty-fourth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and was severely wounded at the battle of Murfreesboro, Tennessee, January 1, 1863. Mrs. Sarah DeCamp was the wife of Samuel DeCamp, a soldier of the civil war, and their deaths took place in Oregon.

In his boyhood Andrew Hawk attended the common schools, in company with his brothers and sisters, and early learned lessons of industry and perseverance which proved the basis of his later success. Some twelve years ago he came to Atchison county and took up his residence in Benton township. Briefly summing up the results of the years of persistent effort and labor on his part since that time, it may be said that he now owns about five hundred acres of valuable farm land, most of which is under constant cultivation, producing abundant harvests. His home is a beautiful one, surrounded with modern conveniences and many of the so-called luxuries of life. Large barns and farm buildings stand on the homestead and everything about the place is kept in a thrifty, painstaking style.

As a husband and father Mr. Hawk's record is above reproach, and his children cannot but feel that he has ever been to them a kind, considerate parent. He was first married, in Ohio, soon after attaining his majority, to Mary J. Walters, who was a native of Guernsey county and daughter of George N. and Mary (Thompson) Walters. She died in 1863, leaving four children, namely: Mrs. Mary Mizer and Mrs. Margaret Zinchorn, of Ohio; Mrs. Rachel McFarland, of this county; and Mrs. Talitha Draper, also of Ohio. In 1865 Mr. Hawk married Lavina Landers, also of Ohio, and eight children blessed their union. William S., the eldest, and Charles, the fifth of the family, are residents of Effingham, the latter being the deputy postmaster there. Howard Allen and Edward live in this township. Arvilla is the wife of Herbert Harris, of Horton, Kansas. Rutherford Hayes, Celina and John are at home. All have received, or are receiving, a good education and proper training for the serious duties and responsibilities of life.
 

DANIEL W HAWK

Fully a quarter of a century ago Daniel W. Hawk came to Atchison county, and during this period, which has been so important in the history of this progressive state, he has been active in the promotion of all enterprises calculated to prove of permanent benefit to his fellow citizens. He is a worthy representative of the agricultural class, to whose labors, more than all others, should be attributed the wealth and importance of this state, now one of the foremost in the Union.

Daniel W. Hawk is one of ten children whose parents were Leonard and Margaret (Ridenouer) Hawk. Both of his grandfathers were valiant soldiers in the war of 1812, and one of our subject's brothers, William Hawk, fought and suffered in our late civil war and is now living in Ohio. He enlisted in Company K, Twenty-fourth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, participated in some of the most important campaigns of the war, and at the battle of Murfreesboro, Tennessee, January 1, 1863, was severely wounded. Of the children of Leonard Hawk and wife, John, David, Jonathan and Abraham are deceased, as also is the youngest of the family, Mrs. Sarah DeCamp. Mrs. Barbara Need and Samuel Hawk live in Ohio, the state of their nativity. Andrew, of Atchison county, is represented upon another page of this volume. Leonard Hawk, the father of these children. was honored by all who knew him as an upright citizen, a kind neighbor and a devoted husband and father. Both he and his wife were members of the German Reformed church. Death claimed him when he was in his seventy-sixth year. while the wife lived to attain her eighty-sixth year.

The birth of Daniel W. Hawk took place June 15, 1834, in Coshocton county, Ohio. Reared on a farm, he became proficient in all branches of agriculture, and in 1869 removed to Grinnell, Iowa. After spending five years in that place he came to Kansas, and has since been actively engaged in farming in Atchison county. Success crowned his energetic labors to make a livelihood and to lay aside a competence for advancing years, and to-day he is one of the wealthy farmers of his locality. His property comprises five hundred and ten acres of well cultivated land, three hundred and twenty acres being situated in Benton township, while the remainder is across the line in Grasshopper township. A flourishing grove and orchard add to the desirability of the homestead, which is otherwise improved with a modern house and commodious barns and other buildings.

Soon after reaching his majority, Mr. Hawk married Sarah DeCamp, a daughter of John and Mary (Hewitt) DeCamp, both of whom departed this life at their homes in Ohio. Mrs. Hawk's brother, Samuel, who died in Oregon, was a soldier of the Union army during the civil war. Of the eight children born to our subject and wife, one son, Leonard, nineteen years of age, and a daughter, Edith, aged twenty-one years, died the same night. Francis, the eldest son, is a successful farmer of Grasshopper township; Noble is engaged in farming in Benton township; Harvey is a farmer of Center township, and Royal Grant carries on a farm in Mitchell county, Kansas; Emma, the eldest daughter, is the widow of Robert McPhilimy, of Effingham, and Mary Maud is the wife of Carl Stever, of this township. In 1884 the mother of these children was called to the better land.

In his political attitude Mr. Hawk is a stalwart Republican, devoted to the interests of his party. Religiously he is a Lutheran. and contributes liberally toward the support of that denomination. Though now approaching the evening of life, he enjoys excellent health and bids fair to witness many another year of happiness and prosperity.

WILLIAM L HEINEKEN

William L. Heineken, a prosperous and influential farmer of Atchison county, resides upon a well improved homestead situated on section 22, Benton township. He is a native of Louisiana, his birth having occurred October 10, 1847. His family name was originally spelled Langeheineken, but on account of the difficulty of writing and pronouncing such a long name the first syllable was dropped.

The family of which he is a sterling representative is an old and honored one in Germany, his grandfather, a native of Hamburg, being reared and educated in that country. For a wife he chose a lady of Portuguese birth, whose family were wealthy and influential, but whose estates were confiscated by the crown because of their too openly sympathizing with the revolutionary party during the Carlos war. Our subject's father, Augustus Heineken, was born in Hamburg, and when he arrived at the proper age entered the military service of his fatherland, serving for three years. Later he embarked in merchandising, in which pursuit he met with success. He married Carolina Schrader, of a prominent Brunswick (Germany) family. In 1846 the young couple came to America, locating at first in Baltimore, and subsequently settling in New Orleans. Of their three children Theodore, deceased, left a widow and two daughters, and Helena, deceased, became the wife of William Sherrill. The father died when in his sixty-fifth year and the mother, who was a member of the Catholic church, died when in her sixty-fourth year.

William L. Heineken came to Kansas in 1857, when he was a lad of ten years, and for one year worked on a farm in Atchison county and for four years worked on a farm in Doniphan county, working for his father. He attended district schools during this tune and then took a course in Bush's Commercial College at Leavenworth, Kansas. He was engaged in farming in Wyandotte county, Kansas, up to 1872, when he went to Cowley county, Kansas, and engaged in the hotel business at Winfield for one year. Relinquishing the hotel he then farmed in Cowley county till the spring of 1884, when he purchased his present homestead. There are one hundred and sixty acres in the place and the improvements include a commodious house, barns, fences, windmill and other necessary attributes of a desirable modern country home. The farm is near Nortonville and only five miles from Effingham.

In 1872 Mr. Heineken married Mary Helm, in Wyandotte county, Kansas. She is a daughter of Thomas and Sarah Helm, and was born in Pennsylvania. Ten children, seven of the number sons, have blessed the union of our subject and wife, namely: Edward, a student at the Effingham high school; Carrie, wife of A. Matthews; Nora, Chester, Elsie, Theodore, Arthur, Walter, Harry and Ernest.

Mr. Heineken is a self-made man, owing to his own indefatigable efforts the competence which he now enjoys. He is a man of upright principles and one of his highest ambitions is to provide all of his children with a good, practical education. For twenty-two years he has officiated as a school director, manifesting the great interest which he takes in the matter of proper educational facilities for the young. Socially he is identified with the Knights and Ladies of Security. In politics he is a Populist, loyally upholding the policy of the party which he believes to be the best for the common good.

GEORGE M HENDERSON

Among the well-known and representative citizens of Benton township, Atchison county, is George M. Henderson, whose residence in this county covers a period of thirty-two years. He is a descendant of an old Scotch family who originally spelled their name Hendson, and for a number of generations his ancestors have been numbered among the inhabitants of this country. His paternal grandfather, John Henderson, was a native of Virginia, whose wife came of an old Pennsylvania German family. He removed from Virginia to east Tennessee and resided there several years, rearing his children there, and his wife died there. When the father of our subject came to Missouri the grandfather came with him and his death occurred in Platte county, that state. At an early day our subject's parents removed to Jackson county, Missouri, and later to Platte county, and in 1855 the family came to Leavenworth county, Kansas, and in 1867 to Atchison county, locating upon a farm in what is now Benton township, and here they continued to dwell, respected and loved until claimed by death. Both attained a ripe age, the father dying in October, 1888, when in his eighty-sixth year, and the mother in August, 1892, when eighty- two years old. She was a consistent member of the Christian church and the influence of her life, not only upon her children and immediate friends but also upon all others who knew her, was ennobling and incalculable. Mr. Henderson was a member of the Baptist church. Their names were Joseph and Hannah (McCoy) Henderson. He was born and reared in Tennessee, in which state his marriage was celebrated. She was a daughter of John McCoy, a native of North Carolina. Six sons and three daughters blessed the union of Joseph Henderson and wife. Their eldest born, James, now a resident of California, served as a captain of Kansas state militiamen during the Civil war. The other children were: Mary Ann, whose first husband was a Mr. Cook; he was a pro-slavery man and was killed during the troubles of 1856; she afterward married a Mr. Edwards, but is now a widow, residing near Effingham; Sarah J., the next in order of birth, married Milton Freeland and is now a widow residing in Topeka, Kansas; William, deceased; John, who is a resident of California; Gilbert, deceased; Joseph, of Effingham; George M.; and Nancy M., the wife of John Ryan, of Benton township.

The birth of George M. Henderson took place in Platte county, Missouri, June 5, 1844, and since he was a lad of eleven years he has lived in northeastern Kansas. In commencing the battle of life he had no capital save a strong constitution and a brave spirit, but not many years of his independent career had been passed ere he had amassed a snug little property and was on the high road to success. In 1878 he purchased eighty acres of land in Benton township and to this tract he subsequently added another eighty acres, placing the whole under a high state of cultivation and making substantial improvements. A windmill assures an abundance of water for the household and live stock on the farm, a modern house, good barns and other improvements adding to the value and desirability of the homestead. Mr. Henderson is a practical, thorough farmer and business man and enjoys the respect of a large circle of friends and neighbors.

On the anniversary of Washington's birth, in 1872, was celebrated the marriage of Mr. Henderson and Amelia J., a daughter of Parson and Ruth Ellen (Shrites) Stockwell, natives of Indiana and Kentucky, respectively. The Stockwell family removed to Ray county, Missouri, and there the father died. His widow afterward removed to Platte county, Missouri, afterward married and now resides in Nortonville, Kansas. Mrs. Henderson, who was born in Indiana, has two brothers, -- John W. and James -- now living in Jefferson county, Kansas. The latter married Miss Anna Graves, of Atchison county. Irene, the only sister of Mrs. Henderson, married J. Davis, died in Jefferson county and was placed at rest in Pleasant Grove cemetery. Parson Stockwell departed this life several years ago and his widow afterward. became the wife of J. Wallace and mother of Anna, Mrs. Ed Sharp, Lulu Kelley and Thomas Wallace.

Two sons and four daughters have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Henderson, namely: William, James A., Josie May, Luella, Etta Belle and Ivy Anna. James A. was married a few years ago to Estella Hurshman and is a promising young farmer of Benton township.

Like his father before him, Mr. Henderson has been in favor of the Democratic party platform until within the past few years, when he has given his support to the People's party. Fraternally he is identified with the Masonic order. Both he and his estimable wife are members of the Christian church and are noted for their liberality and generosity.
 

WILLIAM HESS

Germany has contributed to America one of the best elements of its population. The industry, thrift and progressiveness of the German character are well known. Germans were loyal, as a class, in the long, dark hour of our nation's peril, and German troops under German generals fought and died on many a southern field. In commerce, in finance, in manufacture, in art, music and literature, the German people excel, and they have manifested a capacity to adapt themselves to changing circumstances that some have thought was possessed only by Yankees born and bred. From mechanic to farmer was a step which was taken easily and with success by William Hess, one of the substantial citizens of the district near Shannon, Atchison county, Kansas.

William Hess was born in Hesse-Darmstadt, Germany, April 23, 1827, a son of Adam and Christine (Schaeffer) Hess. Of their eleven children he is the youngest and the only one of them, except his sister, Mary, who came to America. Mary married Mr. Aelband, and lives in Buffalo, New York. William attended the public schools and learned the cooper's trade in his native land, and remained there until he was twenty-one years old.

In 1848 he started for the New World, going by way of London, England. He made his next stop at Buffalo, New York, where he began his career In the United States as an employee in a cooper shop. In 1849 he started on what proved to be a working and observation tour of the country. He went to Cincinnati, Ohio, and from there, taking in other places on his way, to New Orleans, from which point, after three years residence, he traveled through the west in the same way, ultimately reaching Ottawa, Illinois. This point and the surrounding towns proved to be his permanent abiding place, or rather, he ceased to be a wanderer after reaching that locality. He served some of the prominent concerns in his line in Ottawa, LaSalle and Utica, and removed from Illinois only when he decided to locate in Kansas.

In 1868 he bought a tract of land in Atchison
 

WEBSTER WIRT HETHERINGTON

From the beginning of his active career almost, until the time of his death, Mr. Hetherington was one of the most distinguished, capable and honored business men of Atchison, and his name figures conspicuously in connection with the banking interests of the city. All who knew him esteemed him highly for his sterling worth, for at all times he was true to manly principles and to straightforward business methods. His career was a busy and useful one, in which he not only achieved success for himself but also promoted the prosperity of the city with which he was identified. It is the enterprise and character of the citizen that enrich and ennoble the commonwealth. From individual enterprise have sprung all the splendor and importance of this great west, and Mr. Hetherington was one of those who contributed to the material progress and substantial improvement of Atchison.

A native of Pennsylvania, he was born in Pottsville, December 19, 1850, and was the eldest son of William and Annie M. (Strimphler) Hetherington. He acquired his education in Gambier College, in Ohio, and left that institution in order to enter the Exchange National Bank at Atchison, of which his father was the founder and for many years the president. He was only eight years of age when he arrived in this city, and when his literary education was completed he was made cashier, and for many years was an active factor in maintaining the high reputation which the bank always enjoyed. Upon his father's death, in 1890, he was elected to the presidency, and occupied that position until his own death, on the 28th of January, 1892. He formed his plans readily, was determined in their execution and made but few mistakes. He possessed keen discernment and sound judgment, and had much of that dignified bearing which marked his father. His gentlemanly manner and uniform courtesy attracted attention everywhere and won him respect in all classes of society. He was widely known in financial circles, and enjoyed an especially valuable acquaintance among the financiers of New York, with whom he had many transactions in western securities. When the Rock Island road built its Kansas and Nebraska extension, Mr. Hetherington made arrangements to purchase all the municipal bonds it received from the counties and townships through which it passed. The deal was successful, and won him the confidence of the New York brokers through whom he sold the bonds. In 1889 he received from W. P. Rice, of New York, ten thousand dollars in cash and also traveling expenses for himself and wife on a tour in Europe, in payment of his services in going to London and assisting Mr. Rice in interesting English capitalists in American enterprises. Through the judicious management of his extensive business interests he won a handsome fortune.

On the 18th of November, 1875, Mr. Hetherington was united in marriage to Miss Lillie Miller, the eldest daughter of Dr. John G. and Anna B. (Bennett) Miller, both of whom were natives of Pennsylvania. The Doctor was a prominent physician and for many years followed his profession in Atchison, where he was well known. Mrs. Hetherington is a lady of culture and refinement and with her family she occupies one of the most elegant homes in this locality. By her marriage she became the mother of five children, two sons and three daughters, namely: Ruthanna, at home; Mary Louise, who is a student in a private school in New York city; Webster Wirt, who is a student in a military college in Michigan; Gail and Harry Hale.

Mr. Hetherington always displayed a genuine public spirit in all measures and movements for the public good. He was firm in his convictions, yet had due consideration for the rights and opinions of others. He bore an unassailable reputation and inspired personal friendship of great strength, and had the happy faculty of drawing his friends closer to him as the years passed by.

WILLIAM HETHERINGTON

As a representative of the class of substantial builders of a great commonwealth who served faithfully and long in the enterprising West, we present the subject of this sketch, who was a pioneer of the Sunflower state and nobly did his duty in establishing and promoting the material interests, legal status and moral welfare of his community, and exerted a great influence throughout his community in financial circles. His prominence was the result of his upright life and fitness for leadership, and through his well directed and honorable efforts he gained most gratifying success.

Mr. Hetherington was a native of Pennsylvania, his birth having occurred in the town of Milton, on the 10th of May, 1821. There he spent the days of his boyhood and youth, acquiring his education in the public schools. Having arrived at the years of maturity, he was united in marriage, in Pine Grove, Pennsylvania, to Miss Annie M. Strimphfler, who was born in Womelsdorf, Berks county, Pennsylvania, September 24, 1827. Their marriage occurred on the 9th of May, 1848, and they became residents of Pottsville, Pennsylvania, where Mr. Hetherington engaged in the operation of a flouring-mill. They had three children, namely: Mrs. B. P. Waggener, Webster Wirt and C. S. Hetherington. In 1859 they removed to Atchison, where occurred the birth of the youngest child, Mrs. William A. Otis.

On coming to the west, Mr. Hetherington first located in St. Louis, subsequently went to Kansas City and later to Leavenworth, where he purchased a bankrupt stock of goods and hauled them by wagon to Atchison, arriving in that city in 1859. The same year he established the Exchange Bank, absorbing the Kansas Valley Bank, which had been organized several years and was owned by Robert L. Pease. When Mr. Hetherington came into possession of the latter it was located in a basement at the corner of Third and Commercial streets. In a few months he removed to the building now occupied by the office of the water works, and while there engaged in business an attempt was made to rob the bank by Cleveland, the notorious outlaw, who, however, was frightened away by some freighters who were working around the stable near by. At a later date Mr. Hetherington erected a fine bank building at the northwest corner of Fourth and Commercial streets. That was then considered "away out on the prairie," but the present home of the Exchange National Bank, erected in 1885, is situated still two blocks further West and is yet in the heart of the business center of the town. From the organization of the bank until his death, Mr. Hetherington was its president and made it one of the most substantial financial institutions of the state. In its management he was conservative, and in the control of its business was at all times so reliable and honorable that he won the unqualified confidence of the public and secured a large share of the public's business. The institution was merged into a national bank in 1882, and with the passing years its success was augmented, the last annual statement being the best ever made.

Mr. Hetherington was a man of resourceful business ability and did not confine his efforts alone to banking. Through the investments he made in buildings he became a leading factor in the material advancement of the city, and at all times was a liberal supporter of the movements and measures which he believed would prove a public benefit. He bore a marked influence on public thought and movement, for his judgment was largely unbiased and his opinions were given only after due consideration of the subject under discussion. He was a Democrat at a time when sectional bitterness was at its height, yet he did much to maintain peace among the contending factions, for he always advocated a moderate course and labored for peace. He was never a bitter partisan, and his conservative course won him the respect of the public in an unusual degree. His oratorical ability made him a popular public speaker and his addresses are still quoted as fine examples of eloquence and good sense. In an early day he served as mayor of the city, and labored for reform and progress along many lines. None questioned his deep interest in the city's good nor his unselfish efforts in behalf of his fellow men. An innate sense of high culture was one of his marked attributes and he possessed a refined nature that tolerated nothing coarse or low. He was a gentleman of the old school, always courteous and kindly, and the circle of his friends was almost co-extensive with his acquaintances. His home life was especially pleasant and harmonious.

His death occurred in 1890, three years after the death of his wife, to whom he was most fondly attached. Mrs. Hetherington was a lady of a beautiful character and endeared herself to many friends. One who knew her well said of her that she was "a woman of superior intelligence, of intense affection, of great kindness and of unwearyingly devotion to her family." Her charming simplicity of manner; her amiable, charitable disposition, which was never at any time during her long life betrayed into an unkind word toward any human being; her patience and tenderness, manifested in a thousand ways towards those she so dearly loved, and to whom she was so ardently attached, and for whose comfort and welfare she counted no sacrifice too great, no labor too irksome; her sweetness and buoyancy of spirit; her radiant face; her wifely, motherly, womanly worth, expressed in one continuous series of self-denials, her wholesome devoutness, existing now only in memory, and embalmed in the tenderness recollections, -- are the priceless legacy left to her husband and children.

SAMUEL HOLLISTER

It is always of interest to note how one may conquer obstacles and difficulties and wrest success from the hands of adverse fate. Such a story always claims the attention of the reader, and it demonstrates the possibilities that lie before those who are forced to start out in life dependent entirely upon their own resources. Such has been the life history of Mr. Hollister. He came to Kansas forty-two years ago, and by determined purpose and indefatigable energy has steadily worked his way upward, his efforts being crowned with the desirable success that now enables him to live retired.

A native of Greene county, New York, Mr. Hollister was born in the town of Coxsackie, March 2, 1829, his parents being Luther and Jane (Underdonk) Hollister. Back to England he traces his ancestry, and the line is not lost in conjecture or tradition but can be traced back to John Hollister, who crossed the Atlantic to America in 1642 and purchased the manor of Stenchcomb, at Glencent. He was born April 24, 1608, and was a son of Rodger Hollister. The grandfather of our subject was Timothy Hollister, a native of Connecticut, who became an early settler of Greene county, New York. He married Miss Althea Cornell, a native of New York and a near relative of the distinguished Cornell family of Kingston, that state.

Luther Hollister, the father of our subject, was born in Greene county, in 1787, and married Miss Underdonk, whose birth occurred in eastern New York, about sixteen miles from Albany. Her father was Abram Underdonk, who well remembered the trials that came to the family during the Revolutionary war, in which his father aided the Colonial army. During the latter part of his life Mr. Hollister removed to Belvidere, Illinois, where his last days were passed. Two of his sons, Lansing and Abram, were valiant soldiers in the Union army during the civil war and Lansing was killed at the battle of Gettysburg in 1863. His remains were then taken back to New York, but some fifteen years later were removed to Rosehill cemetery, Chicago. Another son of the family, Dr. William L. Hollister, is a prominent surgeon now residing in Austin, Minnesota, where also resides Abram. Sarah J., the daughter of the family, married Grove Lane, and resides in Belvidere, Illinois.

Samuel Hollister, whose name introduces this review, is the eldest. He began his education in the district schools and later attended Ames Academy, completing his course in Cherry Valley, in Cooperstown, New York. He afterward became a contractor and builder in Greene county, and in May, 1857, he came to Kansas, making his way to Leavenworth, but locating at Sumner, Kansas, where he spent twelve years. He engaged in the contracting business and later purchased a saw-mill, manufacturing native lumber. He also ran a grist-mill, and so sparsely settled was the district that his customers came from as far as fifty and seventy-five miles. At length his mill property was destroyed by fire and he then returned to Atchison, where he purchased a few town lots on which he erected buildings. These he disposed of, and as his financial resources increased he extended the field of his labors, legitimately carrying on a very extensive business as a real-estate dealer. He now owns five hundred acres of choice land, which he rents, and is not actively connected with business affairs, living a retired life. His industry and activity in former years enabled him to put aside business cares and to enjoy the fruit of past toil.

On the 2d of February, 1859, Mr. Hollister was united in marriage to Miss Harriet L. Carrol, a sister of John M. Carrol, formerly a member of congress from New York. She was born in Otsego county, New York, in 1828, and by her marriage became the mother of one daughter, Mary B., at home. Mrs. Hollister died October 11, 1891. Our subject and his daughter occupy a fine residence on South Third and T streets. In his political views he is a stanch Republican, but has never sought or desired office, beyond serving one term in the Kansas legislature in 1863.
 

THOMAS C HONNELL

Thomas Corwin Honnell, a retired grain merchant and farmer, Everest, Kansas, has acquitted himself well as a citizen, a man of affairs and a soldier. He is not on the pension roll at Washington, for the reason that he considers that the United States government. having given him the best country on earth to live in and having in other ways shown its appreciation of his service, is under no further obligation to him. His attitude in this respect is referred to at the outset for the reason that it affords more than a suggestion of his independent and patriotic character. He has faith in the humanity of his country, the security of its flag and the invincibility of its defenders, and believes the work which America is destined to accomplish is nothing less than the liberation of the oppressed, the civilization of the world and the establishment and maintenance of universal peace.

Mr. Honnell is a native of Shelby county, Ohio, and was born July 6, 1840, and was named in honor of Hon. Thomas Corwin, the great lawyer and political orator of whom William Honnell, the father of the subject of this sketch, was a great admirer. William Honnell was born in Greene county, Pennsylvania, in 1797, an only son of William Honnell, a German emigrant, and in 1835 located in Shelby county, Ohio, where he died in 1853. He married, about 1824, Ellen Wilson, whose father came over from England to make a home in the United States. Ellen (Wilson) Honnell was born in 1802 and died in 1869. She was the mother of eight sons and two daughters, of whom the following survive: Morris, of Sidney, Ohio; Eli, of Port Jefferson, Ohio; Henry, of Horton, Kansas; Thomas C.; and Martha, the wife of George A. McNeil, of Centralia, Kansas.

Thomas C. Honnell's early years were passed at his country home with such surroundings as the moderate farmer of that time provided for his offspring and with the common school as his source of education. His final instruction was obtained within the walls of a town school and in his seventeenth year he terminated his career as a pupil, but not as a student. School-teaching offered some inducement to Mr. Honnell, as the means of providing him with an income fairly commensurate with his abilities, and he adopted this as his calling. He worked in the ranks of the profession for eighteen years and was one of the successful and capable teachers of his county. He qualified himself for better and higher work as the exigencies of the times demanded, and was anything but a plodder in the early days of teaching as a profession.

Mr. Honnell's career as a teacher was interrupted by the outbreak of the Rebellion. His intense loyalty and enthusiasm for the preservation of the Union led to him to enlist at the first call for troops in 1861. He was mustered into Company C, Fifteenth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, at Columbus, and went into Virginia, now West Virginia, under General Rosecrans, where the battles of Philippi, Rich Mountain and Cheat Mountain were fought before the expiration of his hundred-day enlistment. He re-enlisted in the Ninety-ninth Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry, for three years and veteranized for the remainder of the war at the expiration of that term of service. He was discharged July 17, 1865. The Ninety-ninth Regiment served with General Sherman in the Army of the Tennessee, and took part in the battles of Stone River and Chickamauga, the siege of Atlanta and the fighting at Franklin and Nashville, and then, at Wilmington, North Carolina, joined Sherman's command on his return north from Savannah, Georgia. The regiment was at Goldsboro, North Carolina, when Johnston surrendered, and did garrison duty from that event until it was discharged. Mr. Honnell enlisted in three-months service as a private. Under this and later enlistments he was promoted through the various grades to a captaincy and was mustered out with the rank of captain on the staff of General Schofield. He received a wound in the battle of Chickamauga, September 19, 1863, the day that General Garfield made his famous ride, but was not long absent from duty.

Mr. Honnell returned to Ohio and lived in his native county until he emigrated to Kansas. He arrived in Atchison, February 17, 1870, en route for Brown county, to which he had been recommended to come by his brother Henry. He bought a quarter-section of land in Grasshopper township, Atchison county, and undertook its slow but substantial improvement. His success as a farmer has been one of constant progression. His industry has been amply rewarded. As fast as he found himself able to do so he bought adjoining quarter-sections until his farm now contains six hundred and forty acres. For nearly a quarter of a century he cultivated a Kansas farm. Upon the construction of the Missouri Pacific Railway and the location of a station at Everest, he decided to cast his lot with the grain trade of that section.

He built one of the first houses in the village and engaged in the grain and stock business, buying and shipping both extensively. He has been associated in business there with Henry Fluke, of Horton, W. W. Price, of Huron, and with S. Peterson, of Everest. His career has been marked by, perhaps, even greater success than he anticipated, and although he has faced an occasional disaster he left the grain office in October, 1899, and retired to the privacy of domestic life, satisfied and with ample provisions for his future needs. He has been prominently connected with every enterprise proposed for the good of Everest, has been useful in its public councils and wielded a pronounced influence for its moral and material welfare.

November 15, 1865, Mr. Honnell married Sarah E. Tuley, a daughter of Charles B. Tuley, who was a prominent farmer of Shelby county, Ohio, and from New Jersey. Mrs. Honnell was born in 1843. Her two children are: Frank, who is married to Belle Robins and is running the Honnell farm in Atchison county, and Maud, the wife of Hiram M. Means, who is the principal of the Everest schools. Mr. and Mrs. Honnell's two grandchildren are Kenneth Honnell and Earl Means. Wanting no office, Mr. Honnell is a working politician who believes that the prevalence of the principles of his party will benefit the public more than any other policy, and he exerts an influence which is recognized and appreciated.
 

EDGAR W HOWE

A well-known representative of journalistic interests of Atchison is Edgar Watson Howe, who throughout his entire business career has been connected with the "art preservative of arts" and is now editor and proprietor of the Atchison Daily Globe. He was born in Wabash county, Indiana, May 3, 1854, and acquired his education in the common schools, but obtained the greater part of his knowledge through practical experience in the business world and in the "poor man s college," -- the printing office. For some years he worked as a printer, becoming quite expert in that line, and since 1878 has been the editor of the Atchison Daily Globe. He is a fluent and forcible writer, a deep and original thinker, and his journal ranks among the best newspaper productions in the state. Extensive reading and study have made him a well-informed man. He has produced some creditable works of fiction, among which are "The Story of the Country Town," published in 1882; "A Moonlight Boy," published in 1887; and "A Man's Story," which was produced in 1888.
 

CAPTAIN AMOS A HOWELL

Captain Howell is one of the oldest and best known of the early residents of Atchison and may be said to have taken an active part in the opening up and development of this section of the west, as for many years he was engaged in piloting the long trains of wagons which, before railroads were built, were the only means of conveying the necessaries of life across the plains. As a "freighter" Captain Howell has seen many exciting as well as amusing incidents, and the account of his experiences in this capacity, as given in an issue of the Atchison Globe and which is appended to this sketch, will prove interesting to our readers.

Captain Howell was born in Uniontown, Fayette county, Pennsylvania, December 26, 1824. His father, Seth Howell, a native of Trenton, New Jersey, was a bricklayer by trade, but for many years kept a hotel at Uniontown. He was of Welsh descent. His wife, whose maiden name was Ehiza Turnpaugh, was born near Baltimore, Maryland, and was a member of a well known German family. Both parents died in Uniontown.

Amos A. Howell was educated in the common schools and at Madison College at Uniontown, and on leaving school became his father's assistant in the hotel business, being also employed three years in carrying the mails between Uniontown and Clarksburg, Virginia. In 1844 he was married to Miss Esther A. McBurney, of East Liberty, Fayette county, Pennsylvania, daughter of one of the leading merchants of that county.

In 1856 Captain Howell came to Atchison, bringing his family all the long distance from Pennsylvania in wagons. He spent the following winter in the town, and the ensuing spring pre-empted one hundred and sixty acres in what is now Grasshopper township, Atchison county, and settled upon it. From time to time he has added to this property until now his farm comprises four hundred and eighty acres of choice, well improved land, upon which are a good dwelling house, two excellent barns and other outbuildings. He saw many hardships and privations in the early days, but being energetic, persevering and hopeful, all obstacles were finally conquered. To-day he is enjoying the results of years of hard work. He raises fine cattle and horses and also some hogs, and has been very successful in all his business enterprises.

Captain Howell moved from his farm into the city in 1892 and engaged in the ice business, in which he is employed at this writing. He leases a part of his farm, retaining the management of the remainder. Mrs. Howell died on the farmstead in 1888, leaving four children, -- two sons and two daughters. Of these Nathan C. is a farmer in Grasshopper township, Atchison county; Mary H. married Franklin Lewis and resides in southern Kansas; Charles A. is a farmer in the above named township; Sabina married Joshua Page and is deceased.

Politically Captain Howell has always voted with the Democratic party. For some time he was a member of the school board and trustee of the township. Socially he is a member of the Knights of Pythias. He is highly esteemed by all who know him and is a most interesting conversationalist, his reminiscences of the early times being a source of great pleasure to those who are fortunate enough to obtain opportunity to hear them related. He can also tell stories of long ago in the eastern states and of his grandfather, Philip Howell, who was among the first to run a ferry across the Delaware river at Trenton, New Jersey, which became a famous crossing for travelers on their way to Philadelphia.

The Atchison Globe's account of the early experiences of Captain Howell, already referred to, is here appended:

"Amos A. Howell, who is now in the ice business in Atchison, was one of the plains freighters who distinguished Atchison in the early days. He ran twenty-seven wagons, with six yoke of oxen to each wagon. An extra herd of oxen was taken along, known as a 'cavvy,' to 'spell' the others and take the places of those that gave out. Altogether he owned four hundred head of work oxen. The oxen were expected to pick up their living on the way, but when mules were used in winter it was necessary to carry grain for them. Thirty men were necessary in a train of twenty-seven wagons pulled by oxen. Mr. Howell was his own wagon boss, assisted by his son, Nat.

"In those days there was a government regulation that all trains should be held at Fort Kearney until a hundred armed men had collected. Then a captain was elected, who was commissioned by the government and had absolute charge of the train while it was passing through the Indian country. Mr. Howell frequently occupied the position of captain, being well known on the plains.

"On one occasion, while he was captain, he halted at Cottonwood, on the Platte, as the Indians were very bad and soldiers were expected to go through with the train. But none came, and finally Mr. Howell unloaded five wagons, filled them with armed men and started out. Almost in sight of Cottonwood a gang of gaily painted Indians attacked the train, supposing it was a little outfit; but when the Indians came within range the 'Whisky Bills' and 'Poker Petes' in the covered wagons began dropping the Indians off their ponies and there was a very pretty fight, in which the Indians were badly worsted.

"Mr. Howell says the Indians never attacked wagon trains except very early in the morning or late in the evening. The favorite sport of the Indians, however, was to run off the stock after the train had gone into camp at night, and they always had one way of doing it, which Mr. Howell finally learned. The Indians are no wiser than white men, for they say that white men always fail in business the same way and act the same way when they have a fire. An Indian would ride up on a high point and hook around a while. This would always be in the evening, when the train was near a camping place. Then the Indian would disappear and come back presently with another Indian wrapped in his blanket and riding the same pony. One Indian then would drop off into the grass and the rider would go back after another one; the Indians were collecting an ambush, thinking the freighters would never think of it.

"Mr. Howell had in his employ as driver an Atchison man named 'Whisky Bill,' who was particularly clever at hating Indians, and whenever an ambush was preparing 'Whisky Bill' would select four or five other men equally clever and go after the Indians. He often killed and scalped as many as four in one ambush and sold the scalps in Denver to the Jews for a suit of clothes each. The Jews bought them as relics and disposed of them in the east. The killing of Indians in this manner was according to government orders and strictly legitimate. Another driver in Howell's train was an Atchison man named Rube Dugan. He was a great roper and used to take a horse when in sight of a buffalo herd and go out after calves, which made tender meat. Riding into the herd he would lasso a calf, fasten the rope to the ground with a stake and then go on after another one before the herd got away. He caught several calves in this way for Ben Holladay, who took them east. Mr. Howell remembers once that this side of Fort Kearney it was necessary to stop the train to let a herd of buffalo pass. The men always had fresh buffalo meat in addition to their bacon, beans, dried apples, rice and fried bread.

"There was a cook with the train who drove the mess wagon, but he did not do any other work. Every driver had to take his turn getting wood and water for the cook and in herding the cattle at noon, but the night herder did nothing else and slept in the mess wagon during the day. Occasionally he would waken about noon and hunt along the road. The cattle fed at night until ten or eleven o'clock, when they would he down until two in the morning. The night herder would he down by the side of a reliable old ox and sleep, too, being awakened when the ox got up to feed. The oxen were driven into the wagon corral about daylight and yoked. Every wagon had its specified place in the train and kept it during an entire trip. The wagons were always left in a circle at night, forming a corral. Into this corral the cattle were driven while being yoked. In case of an attack the cattle were inside the corral and the men fought under the wagons. The teams started at daylight and stopped at ten or eleven o'clock until after two or three, then they would start out and travel until dark. Mr. Howell always rested on Sunday, making an average of a hundred miles a week with his ox teams. When the train started out each man was given ten pounds of sugar, which was to last him to Denver. On the first Sunday the men would make lemonade of sugar and vinegar and do without sugar the rest of the trip.

"Mr. Howell saw the attack on George W. Howe's train on the Little Blue, when George Constable, the wagon boss, was killed, and the entire train burned. Constable was an Atchison man. Howell's train was corralled and he could not go to Howe's assistance.

"Mr. Howell came to Atchison county in 1856, by wagon, from Fayette county, Pennsylvania, where he was born December 26, 1824. Although seventy years old, he is stout and vigorous, getting up every morning at four o'clock to go to work. His plains experience did him good. He still owns the claim he took up in Grasshopper township and has since acquired three other quarter-sections beside it."
 

NATHANIEL E HOWELL

Since his boyhood Nathaniel E. Howell has been closely identified with the up building and gradually advancing prosperity of northeastern Kansas. Atchison county, as it appears to-day, hears little resemblance to the wild prairie land which it was when he first saw it and he has reason to be proud of the fact that he has materially aided in the grand transformation which has taken place here.

A native of Pennsylvania, our subject was born November 3, 1847, in Fayette county, and spent nine years of his life there. In 1856 his father, Amos A. Howell, impelled by a desire to seek better opportunities for himself and four children in the great west then opening up to civilization, made the long, tedious journey across the country. Coming to Atchison county, the family located in the northeastern part of Grasshopper township, where they were among the first settlers. Only a true frontiersman can realize the dangers and privations which the pioneer on these western plaits had to endure in those days, but many of those hardships are indelibly imprinted upon the mind of our subject. In addition to the usual discomforts of pioneer life, the great agitation which led up to the civil war and culminated in those fearful years of bloodshed rendered life and the possession of property of most uncertain tenure. The so-called "border ruffians" terrorized the inhabitants of this region, and during the war the Price raiders devastated the country.

Nathaniel E. Howell and his brothers and sisters attended school to a very limited extent, as their opportunities in this sparsely settled district were necessarily meager. But they learned the hard lessons of industry and economy and laid the foundations of lives which were to prove a blessing to the community in which their lot was cast. To-day Mr. Howell finds himself the owner of two hundred and ninety-three acres of well-improved land, situated in Grasshopper township. The place is well-stocked with a good grade of horses. cattle and mules, for which the owner finds a ready sale at the highest market prices. Good business methods have always marked Mr. Howell's transactions and those with whom he has had dealings place the utmost confidence in his judgment and integrity.

The marriage of Mr. Howell and Miss G. Greenawalt was celebrated in 1866. She was born in Fayette county, Pennsylvania, and was reared and educated at Leavenworth, Kansas. Her parents, William and Sabina (Fisher) Greenawalt, have been summoned to the silent land. Amos A., eldest child of our subject and wife, married Josephine Lane and resides at Prosperity, Kansas. William G., the second son, married Lizzie Garrett, of this township. Henry C. and Lizzie V. are at home with their parents.

Politically Mr. Howell uses his franchise in favor of the nominees of the Democratic party. He has not been an aspirant to public office, but in order to comply with the wishes of his friends has occupied several local positions to the entire satisfaction of all concerned. Fraternally he is a member of the Modern Woodmen of America and belongs to the Knights of Pythias fraternity.

 

CINCINNATUS B HULINGS

This is an age in which the young man is influential to an extent much greater than ever before and he is particularly prominent in Kansas, a youthful state, remarkable for its progress and the intelligent patriotism of its people. Without disparagement to older men it may be said that the young man is a leader in the political, military, business and social circles of the state and among those representing the great agricultural interests of Kansas. Among the noteworthy farmers of Atchison county are Cincinnatus B. Hulings and his brother. Some account will be given of Mr. Hulings career thus far.

Cincinnatus B. Hulings, of Center township, Atchison county, Kansas, was born in Hamilton county, Ohio, May 27, 1860, a son of Samuel L. Hulings, a native of Ohio also, who was born, in 1822, came to Kansas in 1867 and died in Atchison county in 1885, aged sixty-three years. He was descended from old Virginia stock and married Louise Browne, who is still living. Their children are named as follows in the order of their nativity: Lillie, the widow of C. J. High; Cincinnatus B., and Mark and Ruth, twins. The Hulings brothers, as Cincinnatus B. and Mark Hulings are known in their township, were little boys when their parents brought their family from Ohio and settled on the high knoll which overlooks their farm and the stretch of country round about in all directions, and they have lived there ever since. Upon attaining to their legal age they made such arrangements in a business way as assured to them the old family homestead. Work has been their motto and their daily occupation, and they have made a winner in a financial way and are among the most successful farmers in their part of the county They are well known as leading Republicans and exercise their electoral rights at all elections and are factors to be considered and counted on in some conventions. Personally they are not aspirants for office nor special preferment of any kind.

Cincinnatus B. Hulings was given the advantages of a good common-school training in his home public school and in the old Pardee high school and has developed into one of the most enterprising men of his township. He is regarded as energetic and ambitious, without extravagant notions as to his future greatness; and with a modest, laudable desire to be free from all encumbrance in an attractive modern home and in possession of substantial resources, and those who are acquainted with his progressive, enterprising character and good business ability see no reason why he should not pass the declining years of his life in the enjoyment of such a competency as will insure the realization of his reasonable desires.

In 1890 Mr. Hulings married Miss Ida Probasco, a daughter of R. L. W. Probasco, of Huron, a well-known pioneer and prominent grain dealer of Huron, Atchison county, Kansas. Originally the Probasco family was from New Jersey, but the Probascos of Kansas went to the Sunflower state from Maryland. Mrs. Hulings mother was Miss Emma Challiss and she had three daughters, named Ida, Lillie and Sallie, the last mentioned of whom married Z. F. Taylor, of Richards, Missouri. Mrs. Hulings was educated liberally in her girlhood and equipped herself for a business life by learning telegraphy and held positions with the Missouri Pacific Railway Company at Oak Mills and Farmington, Atchison county, at which last named place she met Mr. Hulings.

Mr. and Mrs. Hulings have two daughters, named Louise and Emma, who are seven and five years old respectively. Their home is attractive and hospitable and their social standing is such that they number among their friends many of the best people of the county. Mr. Hulings has numerous warm friends among. the leading business men of his part of the state and with many of the prominent public men as well. As a farmer he has been extraordinarily successful, having given his attention with good results to general farming and to stock raising, in which he has attained to prominence. He takes an interest in everything that pertains to scientific agriculture and is a diligent and studious reader of the best and most practical literature on the subject. As a citizen he is public spirited to an uncommon degree, always alive to the people's interest and liberally helpful to all movements tending to general advancement. He is, above all, a true American. Next he is an enthusiastic Kansan. He advocates personal freedom, free schools and a free press, believing that the voice of the people is the voice of God and that no power can long prevail against the people's will.
 

JAMES W HUNTER

There is a class of the younger farmers of Kansas who, though they did not come into the state early enough to entitle them to a place on the roll of its pioneers, came early enough to the localities where they took up government land to have pioneer experiences under conditions somewhat more favorable than those which obtained in the early days. The progressive citizen whose name is above is a conspicuous representative of the class mentioned.

James W. Hunter, a well-known farmer of Union township, Doniphan county, was born in Carroll county, Ohio, July 1, 1860, and is a son of John and Catherine (West) Hunter. John Hunter was a son of James Hunter, an Irishman, whose four sons and three daughters came to America and some of them lived in Ohio and others in Pennsylvania. He was born in Washington county, Pennsylvania, but went to Ohio in 1831 and became a successful farmer there. He died in 1890 at an advanced age. Catherine West, who married John Hunter, was a daughter of James West. a native of Scotland.

The children of John and Catherine (West) Hunter were: James W.; Douglas H., of Carroll county, Ohio; Margaret; Elizabeth, the wife of Charles Reed, of Elizabeth, Colorado; Nettie, who married Richard Close, also of Elizabeth; and William, of Carroll county, Ohio. By an earlier marriage, to Mary Aber, he has a son and a daughter, twins, named Mary A. and John K. The former is married and lives in Washington, D. C., while the latter lives in Carroll county, Ohio.

James W. Hunter, the immediate subject of this sketch, spent the years of his boyhood and the early years of his manhood on a farm in Ohio and had fair opportunities for acquiring an education, which he says he did not improve very well. He possessed marked mechanical ability, however, and was inclined to the trade of carpenter, of which he gained a practical knowledge. He remained in his Ohio home until he was twenty-four years old and then, in 1884, obeying Horace Greeley's oft-repeated advice to go west, young man, go west," emigrated to Kansas and for two years made his headquarters at Atchison, where he applied for and secured work in the bridge-building department of the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway Company. He was in the service of that company until, in 1886, he visited western and southern Kansas and took up a government land claim in Kiowa county. In order to hold this land he lived on it three years, keeping "bachelor's hall" two years or longer and as the head of a family for some months succeeding his marriage. In 1889 Mr. Hunter went to Horton, Kansas, and worked a few months in the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railway Company's shops. Before the end of that year, however, he removed to Doniphan county and located in Union township, near Denton, where he has since been engaged in general farming and has shown himself to be a man of ability adapted to the work in hand and a citizen of much helpful public spirit. Politically he is a Republican and though he is not an aspirant for office he devotes some attention to practical politics, because he believes that he should do so in order to do his duty as a citizen and because he firmly believes that only by the supremacy of his party and the prevalence of its policy can the best interests of the people be advanced.

While "holding down" his pre-emption in Kiowa county Mr. Hunter met Miss Mamie Blair, who was proving up another claim not far distant from his. Their interests were to some extent mutual and they had tastes in common, and their acquaintance led to their marriage, which was celebrated in December, 1888. John L. Blair, Mrs. Hunter's father, married Miss Amanda Meeker and had three children: Mamie (Mrs. Hunter), who was born in 1864, Alexander and Kate. He came to Doniphan county from Pennsylvania in 1858 and became prominent as a farmer and was a leading citizen until his death, which occurred in February, 1882. Mr. and Mrs. Hunter have children named Katie, John B. and Annie. Mrs. Hunter, who is a devoted wife and mother, is a lady of many accomplishments and very popular in good society.
 

CHARLES D HUTCHINS

No city, no matter how great her natural resources, ever arose to any degree of prosperity that did not owe the credit of her position to the men within her limits, their ability to develop these resources and create new enterprises. To those who have faith in her future, who contribute substantially toward her prosperity by investing capital and identifying themselves in every possible manner with her interests, the question of failure is not only improbable but even impossible. For many years Mr. Hutchins has been numbered among the most prominent real estate dealers in Atchison. He was one of the first agents to locate in the city, and has carried on extensive operations. His business interests are, therefore, very closely interwoven with the history of Atchison, while his knowledge of locations and valuations is of vast benefit to purchasers. He is also a well-known insurance agent, and finds in this line of his business a profitable source of income.

Mr. Hutchins is a son of Timothy B. and Sarah F. (Mellen) Hutchins, and was born at Northampton, Hampshire county, Massachusetts. His father was of Scotch-Irish descent, and for a number of years engaged in merchandising in Northampton. A man of superior intelligence and strong will power, his influence was felt in the public life of his town. He was a strong abolitionist and was very loyal to the faith of that party. His wife was a native of Prescott, Massachusetts, and a representative of one of the old Puritan families. She possessed many excellent traits of character, was a faithful and active Christian, a devoted mother and a most estimable lady.

Charles D. Hutchins acquired his education in the common and high schools of his native place, and remained under the parental roof until he had attained his nineteenth year, when his father gave him his time and allowed him to start out in business for himself. He had but limited means, but possessed a vast amount of courage, perseverance and a strong determination to succeed. His first venture was in the oil fields in Pennsylvania, where he remained for four years. His health then failing, he was obliged to put aside his business cares during the succeeding three years. In 1882 he came to Atchison, and, being pleased with the city, he decided to make it his permanent home. Renting an office, he began dealing in real estate, handling city property principally. He purchased land and erected thereon good dwellings, after which he offered them for sale. Thus he has been prominently connected with the up building of Atchison, and many of the pleasant homes of the town stand as monuments to his thrift and enterprise. He has also become a representative of several safe and reliable insurance companies, and so much confidence have they in his judgment that he is often called on to pass upon the losses of fires.

On the 12th of November, 1860, Mr. Hutchins was united in marriage to Miss Anna S. Fordham, of Sag Harbor, New York, in whose place she was born and reared. Her father, James Fordham, a man of sterling qualities, was an old and well-known sea captain, and beloved by a wide acquaintance. He lived to an advanced age, dying at the age of eighty-nine years. One child was born to Mr. and Mrs. Hutchins, A. Edna, who is the wife of O. C. Morgan, of Atchison, and has two children, Hazel and Roscoe Conkling.

Mr. Hutchins is a strong adherent of the Republican party, and keeps well informed on the issues of the day. He had never sought office for himself, but takes an active interest in securing the election of his friends who are candidates on the Republican ticket. A man of strong convictions, he is always positive in his views and always found on the side of law and order. He holds membership in no religious denomination, but is a liberal contributor to the church and is charitable to the poor. As a citizen he is ever ready to aid the projects which are conducive to the growth and development of the community, and is justly proud of the marked advancement which has been made in Atchison in the past few years, and to which he has contributed in no small measure. At all times Mr. Hutchins carries about with him one hundred dollars in gold for the purpose of defraying his funeral expenses -- a custom he has followed since 1847. He has made perhaps the only complete collection of historical envelopes in this country, most of these being gathered during the Civil war and bearing all kinds of emblems and inscriptions. They have been securely placed in a scrap-book, and he has refused the offer of a handsome sum of money for them. In 1893 he erected the fine residence which he now occupies and which is complete in every respect. He is a man of domestic tastes, finding his greatest delight in entertaining his friends at his own fireside. A gentleman of scholarly attainments, of marked courtesy and of genial disposition, he is very companionable, and has gained many friends throughout the community.
 

JOHN J. INGALLS

John J. Ingalls is without doubt the most distinguished statesman, the most brilliant orator and the most fluent and versatile writer that the state of Kansas has ever produced. No citizen of Kansas has ever represented this commonwealth so ably in the deliberative councils and in the legislative forum of the republic, or received such honorable recognition from his fellow citizens in the state and in the nation as has the man whose eventful life, distinguished public service and peculiar personal characteristics it is the purpose of this essay briefly to trace and portray.

The professional and political career of John J. Ingalls is contemporaneous with the entire history of the state of Kansas and is closely identified with the industrial development and the political vicissitudes of the same, while for over two decades he has been one of the ablest, most popular, most unique and most influential figures identified with the political affairs, the economic questions and the social problems of the entire American nation.

Ex-Senator Ingalls is the direct descendant of two noted Puritan families, coming on both his father's side and his mother's "from an unbroken strain of Puritan blood without any inter-mixture." His original ancestor on his father's side was Edmund Ingalls, who with his brother Francis came over from Yorkshire, England in 1628, and founded the city of Lynn, Massachusetts.

His father was Elias T. Ingalls, of Haverhill, Massachusetts, who was characterized as a "typical New Englander, aristocratic, austere, devout, scholarly, successful in business and respected by all." Mehitabel Ingalls, a first cousin of Elias T. Ingalls, was President Garfield's grandmother.

On his mother's side Mr. Ingalls is related to the noted Chase family, of which the late Chief Justice Salmon P. Chase was a prominent member. The original member of this family was Aquila Chase, who came to America in 1630 and settled in New Hampshire. His mother, whose maiden name was Eliza Chase, is still living, at Haverhill, Massachusetts, at the advanced age of eighty-four years.

John James Ingalls was born at Middleton, Essex county, Massachusetts, December 29, 1833. He was the oldest of nine children and was educated in the public schools until he was sixteen, after which time he continued his studies preparatory for college under a private tutor. His literary genius had begun to manifest itself before he left the public schools and his "earliest intellectual activity found expression in verse."

He entered Williams College, at Williamstown, Massachusetts, in September, 1851 of which institution Dr. Mark Hopkins, at this time in the prime of his remarkable intellectual activity, was then president. After his graduation at college, in 1855, Mr. Ingalls entered upon the study of law and was admitted to the bar in his native county of Essex in 1857. The bold and fearless character of the statesman and the politician had begun to be foreshadowed in the college student, especially toward the close of his academic career.

Into his graduating oration he incorporated views that were objectionable to the faculty and which were cut out when the authorities revised his commencement production. When he came to deliver it, however, he spoke it as originally written, for which offense his diploma was withheld until 1864, after he had begun to make a name for himself in the west. Twenty years after granting him his first diploma his alma mater honored him and itself by conferring upon him the degree of Doctor of Laws.

Mr. Ingalls emigrated to Kansas in the fall of 1858 and took up his abode at Sumner, where he began the practice of law, but moved to Atchison and opened his law office in that town. Meanwhile the future statesman had entered upon his political career and was winning rapid promotion. In 1859 he served as a delegate to the Wyandotte constitutional convention. In 1860 he was the secretary of the territorial council. In 1861 he was the secretary of the state senate. In 1862 he was elected a member of the state senate from Atchison county.

Changing his activities from the political to the military field, he served as major, lieutenant-colonel and judge advocate of Kansas volunteers from 1863 to 1865. In 1862 and again in 1864 he also ran as candidate for lieutenant-governor on what was then known as the Union State ticket in revolt against the arrogant assumptions of such tyrannical political demagogues as "Jim" Lane and his followers, whose overthrow was not accomplished until 1866.

For this course Mr. Ingalls was accused of being disloyal to his party, but the circumstances seem to have made his attitude not only justifiable but praiseworthy as well. "For eight years after the war," writes J. W. D. Anderson, "Mr. Ingalls devoted himself to newspaper and general literary work: indeed, it was as a literary man that he first made a state reputation. We learned to know and admire the classical style, the incisive method, the wealth of words and the fullness of information which have since made him so noted as an orator.

Much of this literary work was in praise in Kansas, and, as a genuine affection is nearly always returned in kind, Kansas soon came to love and to delight to do him honor." For three years he was the editor of the Atchison Champion and subsequently won national reputation by a series of brilliant magazine articles upon themes of western life and adventure, the most noted of which were entitled "Catfish Aristocracy," "Bluegrass," "Regis Loisel and Cleveland, the Last of the Jayhawkers."

It is also of interest to note in this connection that Mr. Ingalls suggested the original design for the great seal of Kansas upon the admission of the state into the Union, together with the motto, "ad astra per aspera" (To the stars through difficulties). Unfortunately, however, the simplicity and beauty of his original design were marred by the committee to whom it was submitted for adoption.

The history of this emblematic device can best be given in ex-Senator Ingalls' own characteristic words: "I was secretary of the Kansas state senate at its first session after our admission in 1861. A joint committee was appointed to present a design for the great seal of the state and I suggested a sketch embracing a single star rising from the clouds at the base of a field, with the constellation (representing the number of states then in the Union) above, accompanied by the motto, "Ad astra per aspera," If you will examine the seal as it now exists you will see that my idea was adopted, but in addition thereto the committee incorporated a mountain scene, a river view, a herd of buffalo chased by Indians on horseback, a log cabin with a settler plowing in the foreground, together with a number of other incongruous, allegorical and metaphorical augmentations which destroyed the beauty and simplicity of my design. "

The clouds at the base were intended to represent the perils and troubles of our territorial history; the star emerging therefrom, the new state; the constellation, like that on the flag, the Union, to which after a stormy struggle, it had been admitted."

The first election of Mr. Ingalls to the national senate in 1873 came almost as a surprise to himself and his friends. Senator S. C. Pomeroy was a candidate for re-election, but he was suspected of dishonesty by some of the members of the state legislature. His support, however, was so strong that there was no hope of defeating him and the opposition in his party had not even united on a candidate.

On the day that the houses met in joint session State Senator York secured the floor, accused Senator Pomeroy of bribery, exposed the fact that he had offered to himself (State Senator York) seven thousand dollars for his vote and carried the money to the presiding officer's desk, requesting that it be used in prosecuting the offender.

This sensation at once turned the tide away from Pomeroy, and Mr. Ingalls, who was in Topeka to argue a case before the supreme court and who had received but one vote in caucus the day before at once became a favorite candidate and was elected upon the first ballot. Ex-Senator Ingalls' career in the upper chamber of congress is so well known that I may be readily passed in review in this sketch.

His record was so satisfactory to his constituents that he was returned to his seat in 1870 and again in 1885. In 1887, after the death of Vice President Hendricks, he was unanimously elected president pro tempore of the senate, and this election was later, by a special rule which has since been followed, made permanent until the inauguration of a new vice-president, or until, in case the vice president is living, the senate should have changed its political complexion.

While Senator Ingalls, therefore, was the president of the senate he enjoyed all the honor, dignity and distinction pertaining to the office of vice-president of the United States, and his family was accorded all the precedence and recognition belonging to this position. His public utterances upon the floor of the senate were invariably marked by strong partisan bias, and his political opponents were frequently made to wince under his caustic and penetrating criticism and flood of withering sarcasm; but yet his speeches were, at the same time, always characterized by a certain distinct individuality and independence that marked the quality of their style and though as being peculiarly his own.

When, however, he was elevated to the office of acting vice president he at once rose to the full measure and dignity of the high position to which his fellow senators had chosen him, and as the president of the senate he performed the functions of that office with unusual grace and with absolute impartiality. The defeat of the famous "force bill," which Speaker Reed had pushed with characteristic dispatch through the house, was attributed by many of his party colleagues to Senator Ingalls.

When he was requested to lend his aid as presiding officer to force the bill through the senate, he peremptorily refused to play this role, and sharply rebuked those who were attempting to resort to tactics not in keeping with the dignity of the senate. As a mark of their high respect and of their appreciation of his uniformly calm, impartial and judicial attitude as their presiding officer, the senators, upon his retirement as the president of the senate, presented him with the clock that had counted time for the senate from 1852 to 1890, which memento now adorns the wall above the landing of the stairway in the spacious hall of the ex-senator's residence, while upon the wall of his library, artistically engrossed and appropriately framed, is found the original copy of the following resolution, upon which comment would be superfluous: "Resolved, That the thanks of the senate are due, and are hereby tendered, to Hon. John J. Ingalls, a senator from the state of Kansas, for the eminently courteous, dignified, able and absolutely impartial manner in which he has presided over the deliberations and performed the duties of president pro tempore of the senate. "Attest: Anson G. McCook, Secretary."

Mr. Ingalls first won national fame as an orator while serving in the senate and many of his forensic efforts upon the floor of that body will never be forgotten. Whenever it was announced that the eloquent senator from Kansas was to make a speech the galleries and corridors of the senate chamber were always crowded, and those who were so fortunate as to hear him never came in vain. His speeches on "The Race Problem" and "The Financial Question," his eulogies on Senator Hill, of Georgia, and on Congressman Burnes, of Missouri, and his debates with Senators Voorhees and Blackburn are among his best known oratorical efforts in the senate.

Concerning his well known reply to Senator Voorhees it is worthy of mention that ex-Senator Ingalls regards it as the least creditable of all his performances, though it is undoubtedly the best remembered of all his public utterances, and he regrets that the occasion made such a speech in the senate necessary. He also claims that his critisms of McClellan and Hancock had reference not to their military records but to their political attitudes, and that his remarks were perverted by his political opponents for the purpose of placing him in a very disagreeable position.

His command of language is remarkable and his sparkling wealth of words seems to come to him as easily and as natural as the poverty of languages is a prevailing characteristic of most of his fellow beings. He is equally fluent in conversation, upon the platform or with his pen. As a public speaker, however, Mr. Ingalls' power of expression seem to have attained their highest range and their highest development.

He is, moreover, a scholar, a philosophical thinker and a close student of our social and political problems, as well as an orator and rhetorician. Many of his oratorical productions, viewed in the light of their magnificent and forcible style, as also with reference to their thought content, may indeed be termed classical.

A characteristic passage, taken from the introduction to his eulogy on Congressman Burnes, is here inserted for the sake of illustration: "In the democracy of the dead all men at last are equal. There is neither rank, station nor prerogative in the republic of the grave. At this fatal threshold the philosopher ceases to be wise and the song of the poet is silent. Dives relinquishes his millions and Lazarus his rags. The poor man is as rich as the richest and the rich man is as poor as the pauper. The creditor loses his usury and debtor is acquitted of his obligation. There the proud man surrenders his dignities, the politician his honors, the worldling his pleasures, the invalid needs no physician, and the laborer rests from unrequited toil. Here at last is Nature's final decree in equity. The wrongs of time are redressed, injustice is expiated, the irony of fate is refuted, the unequal distribution of wealth, honor, capacity, pleasure and opportunity, which makes life so cruel and inexplicable a tragedy, ceases in the realm of death. The strongest there has no supremacy, and the weakest needs no defense. The mightiest captain succumbs to the invincible adversary who disarms alike the victor and the vanquished."

In a similar compact epigrammatic style, is his oft quoted estimate of Lincoln: "Abraham Lincoln, the greatest leader of all, had the humblest origin and scantiest scholarship. Yet he surpassed all orators in eloquence, all diplomats in wisdom, all statesmen in foresight, and the most ambitious in fame."

When Senator Ingalls fell a victim to the Populist upheaval in Kansas, in 1891, and was obliged, much to the regret of the country at large, to yield his seat in the senate to Mr. Peffer, his political adversaries took delight to refer to him by his self-applied title of "a statesman without a job." In this respect, however, their expectations were not realized, for the man of genius and industry is never out of employment.

They failed to recognize that a statesman must not necessarily hold public office in order to be either successfully or advantageously employed, and that if his services as a public man have been of consequence, men will not likely let his talent remain unemployed as a private citizen.

Upon his retirement from public life Mr. Ingalls had a number of exceedingly tempting offers, both in the east and in the west, to accept the editorship of prominent newspapers, all of which he declined, mainly because their acceptance would require him to transfer his family and his citizenship out of his adopted state.

After his return from his trip to Europe, his library, his pen and the lecture platform have profitably occupied his time and talents, and a number of timely articles upon the principal economic, political and social questions of the period have appeared from his pen in the leading periodicals of the country.

His essays are always in great demand, are said to command higher prices than those of any other man in America, with the exception of Oliver Wendell Holmes and James Russell Lowell, and are not only intensely interesting but highly instructive as well. They do not express ideas merely struck off at random, but embody the valuable results and conclusions of years of faithful study and ripe experience.

Mr. Ingalls has also been in great demand as a popular platform lecturer since retiring from the senate, his services in this capacity commanding the very highest prices, and as a lecturer and orator he has probably only two peers on the American platform, Depew and Watterson.

This field of activity opened to him spontaneously, unsought by himself, and contrary to the usual experience of the successful orator, it is, strange to say, absolutely distasteful to him. "Oak Ridge," located on a slightly wooded elevation overlooking the city of Atchison from the southwest, is the name given to Mr. Ingalls' beautiful and cultured home.

He is the father of eleven children, seven of whom, three sons and four daughters, are sill living. Mrs. Ingalls, to whom the Senator has always been a hero, has been to him a most loyal wife and helpful companion, and is, moreover, a most faithful and devoted mother to her family and ideal housekeeper in the management of her home and in the education and control of her children. By the salutary power and influence that Mrs. Ingalls' is so constantly exerting over her family, the domestic side of Senator Ingalls' home, in spite of his long career in public life, has not suffered in the
least.

His home is a cheerful and happy one, in which the higher literary and artistic tastes and the nobler ideas of life are assiduously cultivated, and in which the bond of affection is sincere and strong.

The final history of the latter half of the nineteenth century and the final estimate of the character and achievements of the leading public men of this period, will not be written during the lifetime of the present generation, and they may not be written until a number of generations shall have passed away; but whenever the final account shall have been formulated, and whenever the final estimate of the most distinguished statesmen and foremost leaders of this epoch shall have been made, the name and fame of John J. Ingalls will occupy a unique and conspicuous place among the list of illustrious Americans of this eventful age who loved their country most and served her interests best.

(The above sketch was largely copied from a biographical record prepared by G. H. Meixell.)
 

GEORGE H T JOHNSON, M D

Dr. Johnson, who is one of the leading physicians of his school, that of homeopathy, was born near Mount Vernon, Jefferson county, Illinois, October 15, 1842. He is the son of James and Lydia (Cricle) Johnson, natives of Connecticut and Illinois, respectively. He was educated in the public schools of his home town, and in the summer of 1862 enlisted in the Union army as a member of Company G, One Hundred and Tenth Regiment, Illinois Volunteers. In September of the same year he was assigned to the army of General Buell, then at Louisville, Kentucky, and fought his first battle at Perryville, Kentucky, October 8, 1862.

Dr. Johnson was in General Rosecrans' army at the battle of Stone River, and also in the campaign which resulted in the capture of Chattanooga and the great battle of Chickamauga. He was under General Thomas at the battles of Chattanooga, Lookout Mountain and Missionary Ridge, General Grant in person directing the maneuvers of Thomas' and Rosecrans' combined forces. Subsequently he was under Sherman's command until the close of the war, taking part in the famous "march to the sea" and being present at the capture of Atlanta. He also participated in the campaign of the Carolinas, was at the last battle of Sherman's army at Bentonville, North Carolina, and was at the surrender of the Confederate armies under General Joseph Johnston, near Raleigh. From Raleigh he marched to Richmond, thence to Baltimore, and on to Washington, where, the war having come to an end, he was discharged June 8, 1865. His experiences during this long service were most varied and interesting and proved himself not unworthy of the martial blood coursing through his veins, his grandfather, George Johnson, having been a brave soldier of the war of 1812.

After teaching one term of school in the vicinity of his old home, Dr. Johnson attended the Cleveland Homeopathic Medical College and the Homeopathic Medical College of Missouri, at St. Louis; he was graduated in February 26, 1869. On the 4th of March, 1867, he came to Atchison, which has ever since been his home and where he has built up a large and lucrative practice. In 1885 he was appointed, by Governor Martin, a member of the state board of health. In April of that year he was elected the president of the board and was re-elected annually during the eight years he served as a member. The Doctor is the president of the Atchison (Kansas) hoard of United States pension examiners and has served a long time as a member of this board, having served under the administrations of Presidents Arthur, Harrison and McKinley. He is a charter member of the Homeopathic Medical Society of Kansas and has served two terms as its president. He is also a member of the American Institute of Homeopathy, the oldest national medical society in the United States, and a member of the American Public Health Association. He belongs to the Masons, Odd Fellows, the Ancient Order of United Workmen, and is the surgeon of John A. Martin Post, No. 93, G. A. R.

A man of wide experiences, thoroughly versed in his profession and commanding the confidence of the public, Dr. Johnson holds a high rank as a physician and citizen and is deserving of the success with which he has met.
 

JOHN A JOHNSON

Besides the experiences of the pioneer, John Adams Johnson, an early settler, worthy citizen and retired farmer of Brown county, Kansas, living quietly at Everest, Washington township, in the closing years of his life, has had the exciting and various experiences of the California gold-seeker and those of a prospector for a home in Texas when Texas was popularly supposed to be just a little beyond the limits of civilization. Following is a brief account of his career, which has been both busy and useful, and has not been without material rewards of honesty and persistent endeavor.

John Adams Johnson was born in Shelby county, Kentucky, February 19, 1825, a son of Henry Johnson, who was born at Baltimore, Maryland, in 1777, and died in Daviess county, Kentucky, in 1840, aged sixty-three years, and his wife, Elizabeth White, who died in Kentucky in 1872, aged seventy-seven. Besides the subject of this sketch. who was the youngest child, their children were William, who is dead; Elizabeth, who was the wife of Nathaniel Kimberlin and died in 1865; and Joel and Thomas, both of whom also are dead. Henry Johnson was a shoemaker and had a brother who was a sea captain.

In 1827, when he was two years old, John Adams Johnson was taken to Daviess county, Kentucky, where he grew up and received a limited schoolbook education. At that time Daviess county was about as wild as Brown county, Kansas, was thirty-three years later, and Mr. Johnson was consequently experienced somewhat in frontier life before be reached Kansas. He left Kentucky in 1843, in company with Rev. George Pickel, a Baptist preacher, and went to Texas. They traveled over that state, stopped at Dallas, containing then only one house, tried farming and remained in that state two years. He returned to his native state and remained until 1849, when he went to Buchanan county, Missouri.

Mr. Johnson volunteered his service in the Mexican war, but his company was not accepted by the government and he spent the year 1849 farming in Missouri. In the spring of 1850 he joined an overland expedition for California. His party of twenty-three men left the Missouri river at Atchison and after traveling with a train a few days found it too slow and struck out boldly for the land of the setting sun alone. Ninety-seven days after leaving Atchison, without interruption from any source, their little train of five wagons reached Placerville, California, then known by the somewhat ominous name of "Hangtown." Their first winter was spent in the mines at Dry Creek, but the following spring they went to the Merced river country and there Mr. Johnson remained until the fall of 1851. He then went north to Downieville on the Yuba river and spent the winter in the mines, and in the spring fumed the river at Wambold's Bar. He next went into Santa Rosa valley and farmed there two years. He raised small grain and was fairly rewarded for his labors. The attraction of the mines was too strong for him, however, and so he went into the placer diggings at Evansville and washed out a good profit. His gold-digging career ended.

To return to the east Mr. Johnson embarked at San Francisco for the isthmus of Panama; and he crossed the isthmus, embarked again and was in New Orleans three weeks after he left California. He then came to Kansas and then went to his old home in Daviess county, Kentucky, and after remaining some time with his relatives returned to Kansas. He bought a pre-emption in Washington township, Brown county, in 1858, and was identified with the agricultural interests of this section until his retirement to Everest in 1891. He passed through the bushwhacking and jayhawking days without serious loss and with only one encounter with the marauders. Upon one occasion he and his neighbor, "Nat." Kimberlin, his brother-in-law, the only one of the old-timers left, were notified that they were to be investigated to determine whether or not they had property on their premises with which they could part for the benefit of the visitors. The two pioneers knew well what this meant and got their fuses in order for the meeting. The robbers came, the fuses barked and the meeting was over. The next morning there were strange horses tied to the fence and there was gore on the ground, but nobody cared to claim either the horses or the blood.

Mr. Johnson was married in Atchison county, Kansas, in 1868, to Mrs. Elizabeth Thomas, the widow of John Thomas. Mrs. Johnson was a daughter of William Ruddick, a farmer, and was the mother of three children by her first husband, a New York gentleman: Delia, the wife of Thomas Blackety, of Brown county, Kansas; Maggie, the wife of W. W. Price, of Huron, Kansas; and Georgie, who married Robert Bastian. There are two surviving Bastian children: Charles Bastian, of Everest, Brown county, Kansas; and John Bastian, of Arkansas. Mrs. Johnson was born in Sullivan county, New York, in June, 1826.

JAMES ROLAND JONES

When the pioneer settlers were performing the arduous task of reclaiming the wild lands of Doniphan county the Jones family, of which our subject is a representative. came to northeastern Kansas. and he whose name introduces this brief sketch has spent almost his entire life upon the farm which is now his home. He is regarded as one of the most progressive agriculturists of Wayne township and the leading breeder of and dealer in Aberdeen and Angus cattle. He has a wide acquaintance in the community and it is therefore with pleasure that we present to our readers the record of his career.

His father, Charles Jones, who is now living retired in Atchison, was horn in Cheshire, England, belonging to an old family of that country. His birth occurred in 1816 and his wife was born there ten years later. At the age of twenty he left his native land for the United States and located in Madison county, Ohio, where he engaged in carpentering, which trade he had learned before his departure for the new world. He had heard of the opportunities offered young men in America and wished to secure a comfortable home and competence here. He was successful almost from the beginning and as the years passed extended the field of his labors to include contracting and building. He also conducted a furniture and undertaking business in Ohio, where he resided until after the close of the civil war, when he brought his family to Doniphan county, Kansas. The second year after his arrival he purchased the northwest quarter of section 17, Wayne township, then a wild and unimproved tract of land, upon which he at once began the work of cultivation. Here prosperity also attended his well-directed efforts and as a result of his farming ventures he acquired a handsome competence which now enables him to live retired, enjoying the fruits of his former toil. His home is in Atchison, where he has many friends, and throughout northeastern Kansas he is widely and favorably known.

It was on the 3d of August, 1845, that Mr. Jones was united in marriage to Eliza Meadowcroft, who was born in Lancashire, England. Their children are: Mary, who was born May 5, 1846, and is the wife of John Hagg, of Wayne township, by whom she has two children, -- Charles and Edith; George, who was born June 29, 1849, married Annie Stanles and resides in Sumner county, Kansas; Charles W., born May 7, 1851, married Agnes Watterson and is the city ticket agent for the Rock Island Railroad Company at Kansas City, Missouri; Salem, born May 12, 1854, married Annie Lloyd and resides in Doniphan county; Libbie, born October 23, 1859, is the wife of Alexander Henderson and resides in Leavenworth, Kansas; Edward, born July 23, 1861, married Agnes Steele and is a farmer of Wayne township, Doniphan county; Rev. Henry, born January 28, 1863, married Irene M. Moore and is the pastor of the Baptist church at Lena, Illinois; James R., born October 13, 1865, is the next in order of birth; and Rev. John M., born November 12, 1867, is connected with the ministry in Atchison. He married Frances Harding.

James R. Jones has spent nearly his entire life upon the farm he now owns. Before he was a year old he was brought by his parents from Madison county, Ohio, to Doniphan county and in the public schools acquired his preliminary education, which was supplemented by a course in the university at Ottawa, Kansas. Upon the old homestead he early became familiar with the duties of farmer and stock raiser and it was those pursuits which claimed his attention after attaining his majority. One by one his older brothers and sisters left the farm, but he remained at home and is now the owner of the old place. He is very practical and successful in the operation of his land and is also prosperous as a breeder of Aberdeen and Angus cattle, to which enterprise he has recently given much of his time and attention.

In October. 1893, Mr. Jones married Margaret Steele, who died in March, 1898, leaving a little daughter, Alice E. May 30, 1900, he married Hattie May Archer, a daughter of William J. Archer. As a family and as individuals the Jones representatives have been prominent in church work. The father was one of the founders and prominent supporters of the little church near his farm and for many years served as deacon. James R. Jones is likewise active in advancing the work and interests of the church and is now serving as the superintendent of the Sabbath school. His life has in a manner been quiet and uneventful, but it is a record of one who has ever been true to his church, to himself, to his family, to his friends and his country, and such a history always contains lessons that may be profitably followed by a younger generation.
 

OWEN JONES

One of the early settlers of Mission township, Brown county, is Owen Jones, who came to this locality in 1857, making a permanent settlement. Through forty-three years therefore he has been a witness of the growth and development of this region, and has contributed in no small degree to its material prosperity through his efforts in reclaiming wild land for the purposes of cultivation. Agriculture probably contributes more to the wealth and prosperity of the world than any one industry and Mr. Jones has been a leading representative of farming interests in northeastern Kansas.

A native of Wales, he was born February 2, 1828, a son of William and Catherine (Owen) Jones, both of whom were natives of Wales. In their family were four children: Owen; John, who resides in Wales; Ellen, a resident of London, England; and Glyodyne. The father was a farmer by occupation and died at the age of fifty years, while his wife passed away at the age of seventy-four years.

Owen Jones, of this review, spent his boyhood days on his father's farm and was early trained to habits of industry, thrift, economy and honesty, -- qualities which have secured him success in his later life. In February, 1852, he was united in marriage to Miss Williams, a native of Wales and a daughter of Richard and Anne (Jones) Williams and a lady of intelligence, who has been to her husband a faithful companion and helpmeet in the journey of life. Her parents always resided in Wales, where the father died at the age of seventy-seven years, the mother when eighty-nine years of age. They had a family of eight children, namely: William and Reece, both of whom are now deceased; Richard, a resident of Elgin, Illinois; John, who has also passed away; Ellen; Catherine and Ann, who are living in Wales; and Mrs. Jones.

In 1852 the subject of this review bade adieu to friends and native land and sailed from Liverpool for New York city, six weeks having passed ere the voyage was terminated. He went to Utica, New York, where he had friends and relatives living, and spent two and a half years in that city. Subsequently he journeyed westward to Linn county, Iowa, locating in Mount Vernon, whence he removed to the vicinity of Winterset, Madison county, where he remained for more than two years. He then started on an overland trip to Kansas with two yoke of steers, four cows and his household goods. He built a sod house, after a time built a log house and in 1883 erected his present modern and commodious residence. He has been very successful in his farming operations and has made judicious investments in land, so that he now owns twelve hundred and eighty acres in Brown county. His home farm is nicely stocked with a high grade of cattle and horses and he is now one of the most successful cattle breeders and raisers in the county.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Jones have been born seven children, namely: William, who is engaged in the real estate and loan business in Kansas City; Catherine, who became the wife of William Ryherd, of Atchison county, Kansas; Richard, who is engaged in the banking business at Everest, Kansas; Lincoln, a resident farmer of Atchison county; Owen, at home; Greeley, of Grove City, Kansas, where he is engaged in banking; and George, who follows agricultural pursuits in Atchison county.

In politics Mr. Jones is independent, preferring to vote for the best men, regardless of party affiliations. He is a member of the Knights of Pythias lodge and is a citizen of sterling worth. He has passed the allotted span of three-score years and ten, having attained the age of seventy-two years, and is regarded as one of the most honored and respected citizens of the community, having won prosperity through straightforward methods, keen business judgment and diligent application.

 

CLARK M KENYON

The sturdy pioneers who brought from the east something of its civilization, transplanted it to the plains of Kansas and stayed by it and nurtured it and brought it into fructification, made for themselves a place of honor in the history of the west. Clark M. Kenyon came from a part of the country then but just advanced beyond the pioneer stage. He made his way to Kansas by methods most primitive and he took up there the pioneer life, under somewhat different circumstances, in the same spirit in which his grandfather had entered upon it amid the hills and forests of southwestern New York. Some account of his experiences and achievements is necessary to the completeness of this work.

Clark M. Kenyon was born July 5, 1828, in Allegany county, New York, a grandson of Augustus Kenyon who was born in Rhode Island, about 1770, and died in Allegany county, New York, about 1858. He was a man six feet and four inches in height, hardy and active to the end of his life, always industrious and thrifty and was prominent in the communities in which he lived. He was descended from English stock and some of the Kenyons, given to genealogical research, have established to their satisfaction that the head of their family was the celebrated Lord Kenyon, of England.

The children of Augustus Kenyon were: Benjamin; Lewis, a prominent lawyer of Dwight, Illinois; Mary; the father of Clark M. Kenyon; William; and Alanson. His sons all became useful men and exerted a good influence upon all communities with which they identified themselves. The father of the immediate subject of this sketch began life poor and without facilities for learning. He was crippled, having cut the muscles of both hands by an unfortunate fall on a scythe when a youth. He was largely self-educated by contact with the world and by judicious reading. He possessed a mind at once retentive and judicial and was recognized as a well-informed man of good judgment in the practical affairs of life. He succeeded well as a farmer and amassed a large fortune, considering his time and opportunities. He was regarded as one of the leading men of Allegany county, New York, and for many years was a member of the grand jury, which at that time was regarded as an honor. He married Lavina Maxon, a daughter of George Maxon, a Rhode Island man, and she bore him children named as follows in order of their nativity: Mrs. Hannah Satterly, a widow, of Richburg, Allegany county, New York; Eleanor, who married J. B. Koon, and is now deceased; Clark M.; John J., of Millport, Pennsylvania; Joanna, who married Schuyler Maxon, and is dead; Elvira, for thirty years a teacher in the Female Seminary of Plainfield, New Jersey; Lewis H., of Allegany county, New York; Oscar, who died from the effects of service in the army of the United States during the civil war; and Rosalia, wife of Charles Mix, who is prominent in connection with oil interests in Indiana.

Clark M. Kenyon gained a primary education in the common schools and attended Alfred Academy, at Alfred, Allegany county, New York, during one term. Thus equipped educationally for the battle for bread, he began active life for himself at twenty, at which age his father gave all his sons their time, working out by the month. Two years later he bought a farm, which he cultivated in season, devoting his winters to lumbering until 1868, when he decided to seek a home in the west.

Mr. Kenyon's journey from his native place in southwestern New York to Kansas was a memorable one and an event which affords an insight into his determined character. He made his way to the Ohio river by means of a flatboat, went by way of the Ohio and Mississippi to St. Louis, Missouri. From St. Louis he went by rail to Laclede, Missouri, and thence, with his baggage on his shoulder, he walked across the country in search of a satisfactory location and promising opportunities. His original intention was to stop in Missouri, but not finding such environments as he sought, he kept on westward through Fort Scott, lola, Wichita and into Marion county Kansas, where he "homesteaded" a place near Peabody and remained upon it until he acquired a title to it.

This place Mr. Kenyon thought was a little further west than he cared to remain, and he traded it in part payment for some Atchison county property, which was the nucleus of his present holdings there. His beginning as a farmer was very modest and not without its disadvantages. The grasshopper period worked havoc to him as well as to others, but rather than accept charity sent out from the east and distributed from Atchison he bought an army musket and killed and sold enough prairie chickens to support his household until he could do better.

Mr. Kenyon's growth toward financial independence was so steady and sure that the close of each year found him somewhat better off than he had been twelve months before. Before his retirement he controlled five hundred acres of land, and he possessed the energy and business capacity to handle it successfully. He is regarded as highly as any man in Center township and is one of the substantial farmers of the county. His political history does not call for many words in the telling nor for much time in the reading. He is a Republican in all that the name implies and it is a matter of interest that the Republican party was born in the old court house at Angelica, the seat of Justice of his native county. He favored the freedom of slaves, the reconstruction of the south, the payment of the national debt and the protection of home interests by an adequate tariff, and now advocates national expansion. He has often represented his fellow citizens as a delegate to party conventions, but has never wanted or accepted public office. He is a leading member of the Seventh-day Baptist church.

Mr. Kenyon married Martha A. Lamphear, a daughter of the late Dr. Ira Lamphear, formerly a prominent physician of Rensselaer county, New York, whose wife was a Miss Sanders. They have two sons, Frank W. and C. Grant Kenyon, prominent farmers of Center township, Atchison county.
 

FRANK W KENYON

Broad intelligence, liberal thought, consideration for all conflicting interests, and energy and industry, are quite certain to win in the fight for worldly advancement and at the same time to make warm personal friends for the victor. Upon such principles has the substantial success of Frank W. Kenyon, of Cummings, Atchison county, Kansas, been acquired. Work has been Mr. Kenyon's watchword and he has labored diligently, and while reaping the financial harvest of honest toil he has hailed his competitors as men and brothers and they have recognized in him a good and useful member of the community.

Frank W. Kenyon is a son of Clark M. and Martha A. (Lamphear) Kenyon. His father is a native of Allegany county, New York, born July 5, 1828, and is descended from a family that settled early in Rhode Island. Martha A. Lamphear, who became his wife and the mother of the immediate subject of this sketch, was a daughter of Dr. Ira Lamphear, in his day a well-known medical practitioner in Renssalear county, New York. A biographical sketch of Clark M. Kenyon, who is living in retirement at Nortonville, Kansas, appears in this work.

Born in Allegany county, New York, January 13, 186o, Frank W. Kenyon remained there until he was twelve years old and there gained his primary education in the public schools. In 1872 his father removed with his family, consisting of his wife and their sons, Frank W. and C. Grant, to Kansas, and settled in Atchison county. Here the boy continued his education in the home district school until it became necessary for him to take a part in the management of his father's large farm. He then laid aside his text books and entered earnestly upon the battle of life.

Mr. Kenyon has lived on his present farm, near the village of Cummings, since early in the '80s. He has in his possession more than half a section of good land and does general farming with which he combines stock-raising, of which he makes an important feature. He was formerly a very enthusiastic cattle man but has recently come to the conclusion that sheep may be handled as profitably and munch more safely than cattle and he now gives his attention to them with satisfactory results. His farm is provided with ample buildings and every appliance essential to successful farming and he and his brother, C. Grant Kenyon, are numbered among the up-to-date farmers of Atchison county and are well known and highly esteemed as men of merit and enterprise.

On the 19th of February, 1885, Frank W. Kenyon was married to Miss Mary Henry, whose father, J. B. Henry, came to Kansas from Illinois. Mr. Henry was born in Ohio and married Catherine Riley, who died leaving three sons, named W. F., John W. and Ellsworth. He married for his second wife Martha Agen, who bore him two daughters, Clara, wife of Edward Landrum; and Mrs. Kenyon. Mr. and Mrs. Kenyon have two sons, Ernest C., born July 23, 1886, and Orlie H., born July 25, 1889.

Mr. Kenyon is in no way a political worker, but he is a close student of national politics and a close observer of the effects of congressional legislation upon the interests of farm and field. He uses his elective franchise under the guidance of his experience and his best judgment in national and state matters and warmly applauds and heartily supports President McKinley's policy of protection and expansion.
 

GEORGE F KESSLER

George F Kessler, who is now living on one of the valuable farms in Mission township, Brown county, has passed the seventy-fifth milestone on life's journey. He was born December 28, 1824, in Frederick City, Maryland, while the city was still in gala dress to celebrate the arrival of General LaFayette who had been entertained there the day previous. Jacob Kessler, the father of our subject, was also a native of Maryland and was a soldier in the war of 1812. He wedded Miss Mary E. Bower, a native of Frederick City and of German lineage. Five children were born of their union, namely William H., now deceased, who lived for many years in Washington, D. C., where he held a position at the treasury department for nine years, and later was for some time registrar at Tiffin, Ohio; Susan, who died in childhood Catherine Fleming, who died near Muncie, Indiana; John V., who died in Brown county, Kansas; and George E. The father of this family was a merchant tailor by trade. His political support was given the Democracy. He died at Tiffin, Ohio, at the age of fifty-six years, and his wife, who was a consistent member of the German Reformed church, died in Frederick City, Maryland, at the age of sixty.

George E. Kessler was a lad of four years when, in 1828, the family removed to Tiffin, Ohio, where he was reared. He pursued his early education in the town school and later continued his studies in the Methodist Seminary at Norwalk, Huron county, Ohio. In his youth he learned the trades of carpentering and door-making and followed those pursuits for more than twenty years. His life has been one of industry and his carefully directed efforts have brought to him a comfortable competence. In 1847 he married Miss Sophia C. Hammond, a lady of good family. She was born September 2, 1825, in Clark county, Ohio, and is a daughter of Nathan and Submit (Munson) Hammond, both of whom were natives of the Empire state. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Hammond were born eleven children, six of whom reached man and womanhood, namely: Harry, Mrs. Kessler, Daniel, Martha, John and Esther. The others died in infancy. Mr. Hammond, who followed farming as a life work, passed away at the age of forty-four years, and his wife died when sixty-three years of age. Both were members of the Methodist church.

After his marriage Mr. Kessler took up his abode at Quincy, Logan county, Ohio, and later resided in Seneca county, that state. During the war of the Rebellion he responded to the country's call for troops, enlisting in 1860 for three months service with Company F, Twenty-third Ohio Infantry, under General Rosecrans, who was afterward one of the celebrated generals of the war. The captain of the company was Israel Tromby, whose retirement from the position led to A. Abbot becoming captain. During the time of his first enlistment Mr. Kessler remained with his regiment near Charleston and in the Kanawha valley. Subsequently he re-enlisted for two years and participated in an engagement in West Virginia. He was with McClellan at Antietam on the 17th of September, 1862, -- the bloodiest battle lasting but a single day in the entire war. He also participated in the engagement at South Mountain and in other battles and skirmishes, and after hostilities had ceased was honorably discharged in Maryland, having served for four and a half years.

On the expiration of that period Mr. Kessler returned to his home in Ohio, and in 1868 he brought his family to Brown county, Kansas, taking up his abode six miles south of Hiawatha, where he lived for thirteen years and then removed with his family to Moultrie, Morgan county, for the grasshoppers bad entirely destroyed the crops in this state.

Upon returning to Kansas he resided for some time at Muscotah, Atchison county, and in 1884 he purchased his present farm of one hundred and sixty acres, two and a half miles north of Horton and three miles south of Willis. This farm lies between the Rock Island and Grand Island Railroads and is one of the finest farming properties in the township, being well supplied with an abundance of fresh water, while the fields are carefully cultivated and the work is carried on along advanced and progressive methods. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Kessler have been born the following children: John, who is manager of the farm; Charles, who is a mechanic in Horton; Lewis D., a railroad man living in Trenton, Missouri; Emma, wife of Sherman Vermillion, who is living near Pawnee City, Oklahoma; Martha J., wife of Irvin Folsom, of Plaza, Oklahoma; Ida, wife of Dan Randall, a railroad contractor; and Frank, who is employed in the railroad shops at Horton. Their son, Nathan, died at the age of twenty-eight years, leaving a widow, who is now living in Illinois; and Frances M., who became the wife of Miner P. Hale, of Horton, died, leaving four children.

Mr. and Mrs. Kessler are consistent members of the Methodist church, doing all in their power to promote its welfare and growth. He exercises his right of franchise in support of the men and measures of the Democracy, and for more than forty years he has been an exemplary member of the Masonic fraternity. He has ever been a man of the strictest integrity, whose honesty in all dealings has been above question. He is frank and genial in manner and disposition, is well informed on all topics of general interest and has a host of warm friends, of whom he is in every way worthy.

 

PHILLIP KILLEY

One of the ablest and best known business men of Atchison county, is Philip Killey, a lumber dealer of Effingham. To a student of biography there is nothing more interesting than to examine the life history of self-made men and to detect the elements of character which have enabled them to pass on the highway of life many of the companions of their youth who in the outset of their career were more advantageously equipped and endowed. The subject of this review has through his own efforts obtained an honorable position and marked prestige among the men of his adopted county, and it must be said that with signal conspicuousness he is the architect of his own fortunes, and his success amply justifies the application of the somewhat hackneyed but most expressive title, "a self-made man."

Mr. Killey was born August 1, 1845, on the Isle of Man, where his parents, Philip and Catherine (Quirk) Killey, were also natives, married and spent their lives. He obtained a good common school education in his native land and then worked for several years as clerk in a general store in Ramsey, on that island. At the end of that time he went to Australia, and spent four years in gold mining in Ballarat. In 1871 he returned home, where he spent a year. During that time he was married to Miss Jane C. Lace, a daughter of Enos and Catherine (Clucas) Lace.

In 1872 Mr. Killey came to the United States with his wife, locating at Atchison, Kansas, where he engaged in the grain business, in which he remained six years. He was very successful in his enterprise and continued in this line until 1879, when he was appointed grain inspector for Atchison county by the board of trade, and subsequently grain inspector for the state. He held these two offices for nineteen years, fulfilling his duties to the satisfaction of all concerned. In 1897, after retiring from official business, Mr. Killey bought the interest of Gilbert Campbell in the lumber firm of Campbell & Walker at Effingham, the name being then changed to Walker & Killey, and in October, 1899, he purchased the interest of Mr. Walker and became the sole proprietor. He deals extensively in lumber and building materials and has large yards and does a large volume of business, having yards at Netawaka, where the business is done under the name of Netawaka Lumber Company, and managed by Percy L. Killey, a son of Mr. Killey.. Their business methods are reliable and their earnest desire to please their patrons has secured to them gratifying success.

In 1879 Mrs. Killey died, leaving two children, Florence and Percy Lace, the latter engaged in the lumber business at Netawaka, Kansas, as mentioned above. Mr. Killey was again married in 1884, his second wife being Catharine Lace, a sister of his first wife. He owns a fine farm of two hundred acres, seven miles west of Atchison, which is under good cultivation. Personally Mr. Killey is a man of fine, pleasant manners and highly esteemed by his fellow citizens. He has proved himself in all the relations of life an earnest, honest, upright man and a citizen of whom any community might justly be proud.
 

SAMUEL E KING

The dividing line between the agricultural and the business classes is becoming more uncertain and in time may become very obscure if it is not entirely obliterated. Business men combine farming with their commercial and financial enterprises and farmers combine business enterprises with their farming operations. Among the prominent men of Atchison county, Kansas, who are both farmers and men of affairs Samuel Elliott King occupies a conspicuous position. Mr. King is an enterprising, successful man, some account of whose antecedents and of whose experiences and achievements will be of interest in this connection.

Samuel Elliott King was born in De Kalb, Buchanan county, Missouri, October 2, 1847, a son of Preston R. King, a pioneer merchant of Mount Pleasant, Atchison county, Kansas, and elsewhere. Preston R. King was a native of Bowling Green, Kentucky, and was born in 1820. In 1839, at the age of nineteen years, he took his fortune into his own keeping and went to Indiana, where he soon afterward married Lucinda Lorance, a North Carolina lady, who died in Atchison county, Kansas, in 1857, aged thirty-two.

In early life Preston R. King learned the trade of a tailor, and it was as a tailor that he came to Kansas in 1854, but he possessed the business instinct and saw the advisability of acquiring land in a new and promising country when he could get it cheap. He took up the southeast quarter of section 3, township 17, range 20, which is now the property of the immediate subject of this sketch. At that time he was a poor man, whose only capital was days work and ability of a good quality. He was seeking in the west opportunities for a cheap home and a chance to establish himself in business under favorable circumstances.

Mr. King found himself a member of a representative Kansas community of those days -- a community made up of men of pluck and spirit who had a common cause and whose sympathies were mutual and generous. He engaged in selling goods at Mount Pleasant, then one of the thriving villages of Atchison county, and during the succeeding twenty-five or thirty years was identified with the trade of Atchison, Winchester and Waterville, Kansas, and De KaIb and Missouri City, Missouri. He invested in land in Atchison county and became one of the largest owners of real estate within its limits.

Upon the organization of Atchison county Mr. King was elected its first treasurer and he also filled the office of judge of the county court. Politically he was a Democrat, long influential in the councils of his party. He was without extensive learning, yet at all times in all emergencies he was master of the situation and met questions and conditions with a firmness, ability and just disposition that won for him such plaudits as were accorded to trained jurists and experienced men of affairs of the present day. His success was very remarkable. When he retired it was to his old home in De KaIb, Missouri, where he died in 1891.

The children of Preston R. and Lucinda (Dorance) King were as follows: G. F., now a resident of Holton, Kansas; Samuel Elliott; and Nancy, who is the wife of D. T. Fitzpatrick, of Mount Pleasant township, Atchison county. Samuel Elliott King spent his youth in his father's store, attended the public schools and completed his education at the business college in St. Joseph, Missouri. He engaged in farming about the time he attained to his majority, and possessing a business capacity suited to various conditions has since then divided his time between the farm and the city. His financial success has been noteworthy and he is now one of the large land-owners of Atchison county.

In 1869 Samuel Elliott King was married, in Buchanan county, Missouri, to Mary Ivy Henderson, daughter of W. K. Henderson, a native of Tennessee, and one of the early settlers of Leavenworth county, Kansas. They have a daughter, Mamie Catherine, aged five years.

 

SAMUEL S KING

Samuel S. King was born in Moorestown, New Jersey, May 16, 1856. His parents,. John and Violet (Stephenson) King, were both natives of England and in early life crossed the Atlantic to America, the former making the. voyage when twenty years of age and the latter when a little maiden of seven years. He was a shoemaker by trade. After their marriage they resided in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and in Moorestown, New Jersey, remaining in the latter place until 1857, when they removed with their family to Kansas, locating in Mount Pleasant township, Atchison county, where the father developed a new farm, carrying on agricultural pursuits until his death, which occurred in 1880. His wife survived him until 1887. When about a year old Samuel S. King was brought to Atchison county and has spent almost his entire life here. He was reared in the usual manner of farmer lands, devoting the winter months to mastering the common English branches of learning in the district schools, while in the summer season he followed the plow and in the autumn aided in harvesting the crops. At the age of fifteen, however, he was accorded the better educational privileges afforded by the schools of Atchison. He entered upon his business career as an employee in the firm of McPike & Allen, wholesale druggists of Atchison, in 1871. He remained with the successors, McPike & Fox, and was connected with that house at various times as an accountant for twenty-six years. His service, however, was not continuous.

He left the store in order to attend high school and later he entered the United States mail service, in 1881. serving in that capacity for two and a half years. His run was between Atchison and California Point, mostly on the west end of the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railroad in Arizona and New Mexico. On leaving the mail service, in 1883, he accepted a position as a bookkeeper in a general mercantile establishment in Flagstaff, Arizona, where he remained for three years and then again entered the employ of McPike & Fox, with which firm he was associated until the fall of 1897, when he was elected to his present political office, as county clerk of Atchison county, and was re-elected in 1899. At the time of his first election one of the local papers wrote as follows "S. S. King, the new county clerk, is to the manner born and is in every way equipped for the faithful and satisfactory discharge of the duties of his important office. No young man in Atchison county is better qualified to fill the place with honor to himself and credit to his party and to all of the people of Atchison county. He is an expert accountant, a rapid and clean penman and we predict that he will make not only one of the most efficient and accurate clerks in Kansas but that he will be universally and deservedly popular."

His wife, who serves as his deputy, was in her maidenhood Miss Sadie Hawks and was born and reared in Kansas. Two children grace their union, -- Grace and Victor.

JOHN KIRBY

The history of pioneer life has long survived in interest the tales of battle and of life on the tented field. Without the roar of cannon and musketry or the inspiring notes of fife and drum, hosts no less brave and determined have gone forth to the wilderness to reclaim it for the purposes of civilization and have fought the battle of clearing and cultivating the wild land, cutting roads through the trackless forests and making each yield such elements as can be utilized for man. This is an arduous labor and one to which is due recognition and commendation, and therefore in preparing a history of northeastern Kansas it is with pleasure that we introduce the life records of such worthy pioneers as John Kirby, whose identification with the state antedates its admission to the Union. He now resides in Wayne township, Doniphan county, and is one of the progressive citizens and prosperous farmers of the community.

A native of England, Mr. Kirby was born in Yorkshire April 30, 1840, and is a son of John and Margaret (Nickolson) Kirby. His father was a brick and tilemaker by trade and died on the ocean in 1855, in crossing the Atlantic to America. He was then fifty-eight years of age. The mother of John Kirby continued her journey and became a resident of Center township, Doniphan county, where she died at the age of sixty-three years. Both were members of the Methodist church and lived consistent Christian lives. In their family were seven children, namely: Jonah, deceased; William, a resident of Wayne township, Doniphan county; Bessie, who is in England; Thomas, of St. Joseph, Missouri; John; James, deceased; and Mrs. Hannah Smith, who resides in Colorado.

John Kirby was a youth of fifteen years when he crossed the briny deep and with the family became a resident of Kansas. In his youth he learned the trade of brick and tile making and followed that pursuit for some time, but after the inauguration of the civil war, when President Lincoln issued his call for three hundred thousand men, he felt that his duty was at the front, and on the 20th of September, 1862, enlisted as a member of Company B, Thirteenth Kansas Infantry, under Colonel Thomas M. Bowen and Captain Hovercross. He served until June, 1865, when he was honorably discharged at Leavenworth, Kansas, having in the meantime participated in a number of engagements, including those at Cane Hill, Elm Spring and Prairie Grove. His regiment was a member of the Seventh Division under General Blunt and for much of the time was stationed in Missouri and Arkansas.

After the war Mr. Kirby returned to his home in Center township, Doniphan county. In the meantime he had married, in June, 1864, in Van Buren, Arkansas, Miss Elizabeth Jane Morris becoming his wife. She was born in Tennessee, a daughter of Zanus and Mary Ann (Roney) Morris, who had five children, namely: Margaret, Nancy, Charles Henry, Elizabeth Jane and Emeline. Mrs. Kirby also has a half brother, John, who resides in Tennessee. Our subject and his wife have six living children: William J., who aids in the operation of the home farm; Leslie a resident of Atchison; L. L., at home; Mary Belle; Hurbert E. and Anna E. They also had five children who died in infancy.

Mr. Kirby gives his political support to the Republican party and socially he is connected with Kennedy Post, G. A. R., of Troy, while his wife belongs to the Methodist church in Doniphan. In manner he is frank and genial and his social qualities have gained to him the warm regard of many friends. He is to-day as true to his duties of citizenship as when he followed the stars and stripes on the battle fields of the south.

McCLELLAN KLINGMAN

McClellan Klingman was born at Lebanon, Monroe county, Ohio, January 25, 1862, and died May 15, 1899, at Effingham, Kansas, at the age of thirty-seven years, three months and nineteen days. He was an enterprising citizen, a public-spirited and progressive man, a true and loyal friend, a devoted husband and father, and his loss was deeply mourned throughout the community. He came to Kansas in 1870, being at the time but eight years of age. His home during boyhood was near the present site of the city of Winfield, and, at the age of eighteen, he began work in the office of the Monitor, of Winfield, the paper being then edited by J. Conklin. He applied himself diligently to mastering the printer's art, and having gained a good knowledge of the business, he went from Winfield to Topeka, where he secured first a position on the Topeka Capital, and later on the Commonwealth, and last in the state printing office. He was also employed by George W. Crane & Company for some time, and later conducted a job printing establishment of his own in Topeka for several years. He established and edited the first paper in Meriden, Kansas, and was at one time the editor of the Muscotah Record. At one time he also held the position of foreman for the firm of D. CaIdwell & Company, at Atchison. Subsequently he spent some time in St. Joseph. Missouri, and from that city came to Effingham, in April, 1894.

Here he purchased the Effingham World, but immediately changed its name to The New Leaf, which journal he successfully and capably edited and published until his death. Through the columns of his paper he advocated all measures which he believed would prove a public good, being especially active in support of everything that would promote the upbuilding and advancement of the moral and intellectual status of the community.

Mr. Klingman was married in Florence, Kansas, on August 18, 1883, the lady of his choice being Miss Ina L. Sweet. Their union was blessed with four children, all daughters, of whom three are yet living. At the time of his death Mr. Klingman was serving as the postmaster of Effingham, and in the administration of the affairs of the office discharged his duties with fidelity and promptness. He was true to every trust reposed in him in all life's relations, and had many excellent qualities which endeared him to his fellow men. Since his death Mrs. Klingman has held the position of postmistress at Effingham, and has continued to publish The New Leaf.
 

CHARLES EDWIN KNUDSON

Necessity is said to be the mother of about every useful invention. To recognize the necessity for a machine or process for a given scientific or mechanical plarpose, one must be intimately acquainted with the present methods for the work involved and their shortcomings. Edison, the great wizard in the realm of electricity, gained his first experience of that mysterious force as a telegrapher; railroad men have been the most prolific originators of railroad inventions and farmers have produced many inventions adapted to their own uses. One of the most remarkable of the latter class of inventions in recent years is that of Charles Edwin Knudson, of Washington township, Brown county, Kansas, for taking the corn crop off the ground; an invention which has been developed to the verge of absolute success and which will doubtless soon meet the expectations of Mr. Knudson and his friends.

Charles Edwin Knudson is a representative of one of the progressive, prosperous and favorably known families of Brown county, and was born where he now lives, in Washington township, December 29, 1873, a son of Ulrick Knudson, one of the most substantial and independent farmers and strong unswerving Republicans in that part of the county. Ulrick Knudson was born in Valders, Norway, February 14, 1837, one of the ten children of Knud Knudson, six of whom are living: Ole, in Manitowoc county, Wisconsin; Annie, widow of Gulick Gigstad, Atchison county; Mary, wife of Ole Dovre, of Valders, Norway; Ulrick; Benedick, one of the wealthy farmers of Brown county; and Julia, wife of Nels Nelson, of Lyon county, Minnesota. Ulrick Knudson left Norway in April, 1857, sailing on the Gangerolf from Bergen to Quebec. He reached Manitowoc, Wisconsin, July 4, following, and came to Kansas soon afterward. In 1861 he drove across the plains to Colorado, thus employed en route for his board and transportation. and worked in the mines about Gregory for nearly four years. He returned to Kansas with six hundred dollars and with this began his career in Brown county. His progress has been constant and his accumulations steady. He has improved his present home farm, one of the finest in the state, most substantially and elegantly. He married Bertha Strand in 1870. Their children are: Charles F., Rosa E., Annie M., Edward O., Benhard, Julius A., Clara A. and Henry Adolph.

Charles F. Knudson was reared upon his father's farm and was educated in the district school. He decided to engage in railroading when well toward his twentieth year, and went to Sedalia, Missouri, where he learned telegraphy. After completing his course he became operator at Rennick, Missouri, and was there when the order of railway telegraphers called a strike on the system on which he was employed. Not being a member of the union and not having the experience required to join it, he though it expedient to quit the service. He returned to Kansas, expecting to get a position with the Rock Island Railway Company, but his father made him a good proposition to engage in farming, which he accepted.

Mr. Knudson's reputation as an inventor exteuds throughout Brown and adjoining counties, and the people generally, who recognize the utility of his machine, believe he will speedily make it completely successful. For a number of years he revolved in his mind an idea that a machine could be made that would take the corn crop off the ground more cheaply than it can be harvested by the present method; and then, with characteristic energy, he imposed upon himself and undertook the task of planning such a machine and bringing it into existence. His first device consisted of a binder-wheel with its canvas and rollers in such a position that they could be attached to the rear of a wagon. The process was to snap the corn and load it into a hopper of the machine above the husking rolls. As the wagon and machine were drawn over the field the latter did its work fairly well and elevated the corn into the wagon. It was found, however, to require too much work to keep the hopper filled to admit of the profitable operation of the machine. The original idea was therefore abandoned.

In 1897 Mr. Knudson called many farmers of his own nationality together and explained to them what he proposed to dO and what he had accomplished. His process, as then planned for taking corn off the stalk, seemed so plausible that a company, called the "Farmer's Aid Association," was formed, which raised enough money to enable Mr. Knudson to go to Washington in person and patent his invention. The conditions of the public donations, which constituted the fund, were that if the machine should prove a success the subscribers were to be reimbursed in double the amount of their subscription; but if the invention turned out impracticable the money given was to be considered an absolute donation. The officers of the association ere Rev. B. A. Sand, president, John Thorson, secretary, and H. C. Olson, treasurer. Besides these gentlemen, the other members of the association were B. and U. Knudson, H. J. Peterson, L. Severtson, K. G. Gigstad, Eli Turkelson and Jacob Knudson. In 1898 Mr. Knudson raised more money with which to build an experimental machine, by agreeing to a division of the proceeds of the sale of the first one hundred machines in case it should prove a success, pro rota, as per each subscription; but if the machine should not prove a success the amounts contributed were not to be returned to the subscribers. He took his drawings and went to St. Joseph, Missouri, where for four months he was engaged in the construction of the machine. It was tested in the fall of 1899 and was found to be nearer the thing desired than the first invention, one of its principal deficiencies being the skipping of the "downears." Mr. Knudson is now planning to apply new principles to the construction of some of the working parts of the machine and confidently expects, ere long, to overcome all obstacles to its perfect operation.

Mr. Knudson was married, in December, 1896, to Ella M. Anderson, daughter of Gilbert Anderson, of Scandia, Kansas. Their children are: Charles U. Gilmore, born in 1897; Esther Olivia Beatrice, born in 1899, and Luther Arlington, born in 1899. Mr. Knudson is, like his father, a stanch Republican, and has served on the county central committee. He resembles his father also in his public-spirited encouragement of all measures having for their object the advancement of the general good. Though not caring for office for himself, he is an active and intelligent party worker and wields considerable political influence in a local way.
 

JOHN A KRAMER

The beautiful home of Mr. Kramer with its park-like appearance, its handsome residence, well-kept lawns and fine trees indicate the prosperity of the owner, who is one of the representative business men of Shannon township, where he is successfully engaged in the growing of fruit and the production of wines. He is the senior member of the firm of Kramer Brothers, his partners being Frank and Edward L. Kramer. They are conducting an extensive and successful business and are well known throughout this community.

John A. Kramer was born in Shannon township, Atchison county, October 18, 1862, and is the second son of Frank and Rosanna Kramer, both of whom are natives of Austria. In 1852 they emigrated to the United States, landing at New York city, whence they made their way to Watson, Wisconsin, afterward to Illinois and later to Buchanan county, Missouri, where they settled upon a farm. In 1860 they came to Atchison county, Kansas, and took up their abode upon a farm in Shannon township, two miles north of the city of Atchison. There they remained for several years, after which they returned to Buchanan county, Missouri, Where they continued until 1867. In that year they again came to Shannon township, and the father purchased one hundred and sixty acres of land on section 17, immediately beginning its cultivation. He added to the property a tract of eighty acres, and in connection with general farming began growing small fruits, his energies being devoted to that business until his death, which occurred on the 28th of February, 1889. Some years previous to this a small vineyard had been planted and the father with the assistance of his sons began the manufacture of wines. This proving a successful venture, the firm of Kramer Brothers have continued the enterprise and have planted vines until their vineyard now comprises fifty acres of choice varieties of grapes for table use and for the manufacture of wines. The wine which they make is of a very superior quality, and much of it in their wine cellars is very old. Their storage house is a stone structure, partly under ground, and they have excellent facilities for ripening the wine, which is rich in flavor and commands an excellent price in the market. The yield of grapes in certain seasons has been marvelous, amounting to over a hundred tons. The firm of Kramer Brothers also raises various varieties of purple grapes, including the Concord and Evira, and their vineyard is one of the largest to be found in Kansas. They employ eight men throughout the year, and twenty-five men are given work during the busy season. Their wine cellar now contains many thousands of gallons, the business having grown to extensive proportions. They are also practical farmers, and along agricultural lines are meeting with good success in the management of their property.

In 1890 John A. Kramer, whose name heads this review, married Miss Phillbena Rambans, a native of Germany, who was born in Baden. They have five children: Hattie, Alfred, Martha, Rosa and Anna. Mr. Kramer has served as a member of the school board, also as trustee of Shannon township, Atchison county, and is a public-spirited man who manifests a deep interest in everything pertaining to the welfare of the community. His palatial home is noted for its hospitality, and is a favorite resort for social gatherings, its beautiful grounds being much sought after by picnickers. Mr. Kramer has a wide acquaintance in his native county, and his genial manner and social disposition render him a popular favorite.
 

JULIUS KUHN

Fortunate is the man who has back of him an ancestry honorable and distinguished, and happy is he whose lines of life are cast in harmony therewith. In character and in talents Mr. Kuhn is a worthy scion of his race. The family of which he is a descendant had many distinguished members in Germany and in his life he has shown the same ability which has characterized many of them. The sturdy German element in our great commonwealth has been one of the most important factors in furthering the commercial and material advancement of the country, for this is an element signally appreciative of practical values and also of that higher intellectuality which transcends all provincial confines. WeIl may any person take pride in tracing his lineage to such a source and this Mr. Kuhn can do.

He was born in Bavaria, Germany, May 10, 1831, his parents being G. J. and Julia (Gulden) Kuhn, who were also natives of that country. Our subject acquired a good education in the schools of the Fatherland and on leaving school obtained a clerkship in a store, receiving forty dollars a year in compensation for his services. He was thus employed till he attained his majority, when he determined to try his fortune in America, crossing the Atlantic in a sailing vessel in 1854, landing in New York, and here was employed in architectural work three years, after which he went to Connecticut, where he engaged in farming as a hired hand for two and one-half years, doing this that he might learn English. In 1859 he came west, locating first in St. Louis, where he was variously employed. On the 28th of February, 1860, be arrived in Atchison, Kansas, where he opened a retail grocery store and soon built up a prosperous business. In 1878 he began selling to the wholesale trade and success attended the new enterprise so that he was soon in control of one of the most extensive patronages in his line. The volume of his business constantly increasing he furnished employment to a large force of men and made extensive shipments of his goods. At length he determined to retire from business and sold his stock to local parties for one hundred thousand dollars. He was for a number of years one of the directors of the Atchison Savings Bank, but is not now actively connected with any business interests, his time being given only to the management of his various property interests in Atchison.

Mr. Kuhn has been twice married. His second wife was in her maidenhood Miss Ann Gladfelder, of Atchison, Kansas, and to them were born two sons, Julius O., who is a graduate of the public schools of Atchison, and Gustave A., who is still a student. Mr. Kuhn certainly deserves great credit for his success in life. His hope of benefiting his financial condition in this country was certainly not disappointed, for here he has made continued advancement on the road to success and today is numbered among the capitalists of his adopted city. All that he has has been acquired through his own energy and resolute purpose, and his life stands in exemplification of the opportunities that are offered young men in this republic where energy and ambition are not hampered by caste or class.