GEORGIA
Issued By
THOMAS G. HUDSON
commissioner of Agriculture
ATLANTA, GA., U. S. A.
1907
FOREWORD
The "New" South The Great South
F one will give free rein to the imagination and picture
the future of a section that contains one-half the iron
ore of the United States, nearly three times as much coal
as Great Britain, Germany and Pennsylvania combined,
which dominates the phosphate and sulphur trade of
the world, which has much of the richest oil territory
known, which has one-half the standing timber of the country, which
produces all of the rice, most of the tobacco and adds to these eight
hundred million bushels of grain per annum.
Then remember that it holds a world monopoly on cotton pro-
duction and is rapidly becoming a great textile spinning section every
dollar of gold annually mined on earth is not sufficient to liquidate the
South's bills against Europe for cotton then think of the vast water
powers, the splendid rivers, the great seacoast with magnificent harbors
and expanding commerce, and you will gain but a faint conception of
the future' of the "New" South the Great South. "New" in the
sense that its vast possibilities and undeveloped resources have but
recently begun to be exploited to the world.
It is a region where many crops can be grown the year round, if
Grapes in a Georgia Vineyard
desired; where the climate makes it possible to harvest roasting eai
for the Christmas dinner, and ripe tomatoes, lettuce, beets and other
vegetable delicacies in midwinter.
It is a land where it is a delight to live and breathe; a land where
the climate partakes of the healthful qualities of the salt-laden sea air
and the dry mountain breezes, where the sportsman may delight
hi heart, where millions of wild fowl Hock along the water courses
Where the Black Bass Lurk and Thousands of Horse Power u<> t<> Waste
during winter months; where deer, wild turkeys and other game may
be found in abundance; and where the Mack bass, a prince among
game fishes, furnishes the most exciting sport to be found with a hook
ami line.
Jt is a land
where the stock
raiser needs lit-
tle or no shelter
for his cattle
and where nu-
tritious grasses
feed them with
a 1 m o s t n o
thought to the
owner, many
months in the
year.
It is a land
ripe with prom-
- M&mm
Georgia Sugar Cane is Richer in Saccharine Matter than ai
other Sugar Producing Plant
ise for the future, a land wherein thousands of new homes will be
made within the next \e\v years and where wealth untold will he taken
from the fertile soil.
It is to tell the reader something of one locality in such a section
perhaps the most favored by nature and by man, the great common-
wealth of Georgia that these pages are written. If you are interested
in a locality, the best of the section above briefly described, you will
find it worth while to peruse the pages which follow. They are
intended to describe what has already been accomplished in Georgia,
the conditions that exist, what is needed to make a home, and what
may reasonably be expected in the future.
As to Georgia in General
The record of progress and advancement made by Georgia has
perhaps done more to advertise and exploit the South to the world than
any other cause. The great State of Georgia, the "Empire State of
the South," is the largest state east of the Mississippi River as well as
the most important commonwealth of the south-eastern group of states.
The cotton merchant and manufacturer, the world over, know it as
the second state in the production of the South's fleecy staple.
Georgia also contributes a large quota annually to the harvest of food
Georgia's Paper Shell Pecans bring One Dollar per Pound
crops, particularly torn, which cereal is cultivated in Georgia with less
labor and marketed with a greater margin of profit than in the states
devoted entirely to its culture.
( reorgia presents such a variety of resources, openings and oppor-
tunities for the wide-awake, progressive manufacturer, investor, agricul-
turist, merchant, mechanic, professional man in fact, men of every
class who are willing to work for success that it is impossible to more
than refer to a few of the important ones in a "handy" volume
publication of this character.
Banks and Banking
A remarkable indication of the substantial growth of any com-
munity or section is indicated by the growth of its banking and financial
institutions. Every Georgia town, city and community now has its
bank and many have two or more. During the year just passed,
seventy new state banks were chartered, together with thirty-four local
insurance companies.
Land Values
Farm lands of course vary in value and price, ranging from $5.00
to $25.00, $50.00 and $100.00 per acre, according to location, trans-
portation facilities, improvements, proximity to towns and cities, etc.
( iood lands, lands that will produce in abundance every crop that can
be grown in the temperate /.one; com thirty-five, to sixty bushels per
acre; wheat, rye, oats, hay and forage crops, including alfalfa, rive to
eight cuttings per annum a ton per acre to the cutting and tobacco
as good as can be grown in Cuba, can be purchased at from $8.00 to
$20.00 per acre.
Georgia's Timbers
Of the fifty-
nine thousand
and odd square
miles in Geor-
gia, over fortj
thousand square
miles ha\ e been
coi ered w 1 th
forest. It is
therefore a mis-
take to assume
that the forests
of the state have
been exhausted.
Distillery, Georg
6
urpentine Far
In UJ05, fifteen millions of capital was invested in timber development
in Georgia, and the output of lumber exceeded in value $25,000,000.
The timbers of the state are many and valuable, embracing the
"long" leaf or "Georgia" pine, the short leaf pine, the several varieties
of oak, poplar, ash, beech, gum, cherry, walnut, maple and other hard-
woods.
Georgia timber lands are now worth money. The high price and
steady demand for lumber have about driven the speculator from the
field, and placed the timber lands in the hands of legitimate developers.
A recent transaction involving six thousand acres of "long" leaf,
yellow pine lands was consumated on basis of $30.00 per acre. The
timber was exceptionally fine; the tract had never been turpentined
and many of the great forest giants measured from sixty to eighty feet
fn the clear. Such timber is in steady demand, and is used extensively
in the ship yards of Europe and America. A single stick of such heart
pine is worth from $300 to $1000.
The Georgia lumberman has unusually good facilities for market-
ing his product. The state is ramified by approximately six thousand
rive hundred miles of steam railways, which penetrate every section,
and in addition thereto, there are about two thousand miles of navigable
rivers in the state upon which the busy steamboat daily plies. The
Lumber Docks, Savannah, (ia.
7
annual lumber exports through Georgia's two sea ports, Savannah and
Brunswick, exceed three billion feet.
In addition to the six thousand five hundred miles of steam rail-
w aj 5 alreadj in operation thirty-five new lines, aggregating two thousand
seven hundred and seventy-five miles in the total mileage,
chartered during 1 9 6.
The Water Powers of Georgia
There is no power so cheap as water power, and no state offers
muic favorable terms for using water power than Georgia. The
Geodetic Survey recently published a bulletin, available to inquirers,
ihowing that
literally tens of
thousands of
available horse
power is going
tow aste through
the many rapids
and fal Is cap-
able of econom-
ic development
t h 10 u g h u t
middle and
north Georgia.
New England
once claimed.
cotton manu-
facturing su-
premacy because of her water [lowers, but they are frozen or impotent
at least two months of the twelve. In Georgia ice is never a factor.
The streams run freely the entire year, and the wheels of our mills
hum merrily from year's beginning to year's end.
U. S. Fish Hatchery, Warm Springs, <.:i
Cotton Spinning
By taking advantage of the abundant water power, capable of
economic development and utilization, and the nearness of the cotton-
fields, cotton manufacturing in Georgia has made phenomenal strides.
The number of spindles increased from 815,545 in iqoo, to 1,316,573
in [9 5, and the number of looms from [9,393 to 31,210.
In 1S70 the capital employed in the cotton mills of Georgia was
but $3,433,205; to-day it is $42,349,61 v .
S
Tlie increase during the past five years has been seventy-four
per cent.
The increase in wage earners in cotton nulls has been seventy-
eight per cent. ; in wages paid, forty-eight per cent., and in value of
products ninety per cent.
The products of the Georgia mills include not only the coarser
grades of cotton cloths manufactured for export, but many notably fine
weaves. The factories are filled with the latest economical devices
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With Raw Material Right at the Mill Door
and improved machinery, and because of the cheap power and the
immense supply of raw material at the mill door, thus saving
transportation charges, the Georgia mills can and do sell staple goods
at ruling prices with a much larger margin of profit than the mills of
the North and East.
The result is, the cotton industry, including cotton seed products
oil and fertilizers made from the seed represents a considerable per-
centage of the manufactories of the state, at present amounting to more
than $150,000,000 annually.
Mines and Quarries
Marble
Georgia's possibilities in mines and quarries, of which so little is
known to the outside world, have barely been touched. Georgia to-
daj produces more marble for various purposes than any other state in
the Union, except Vermont. The marbles of Georgia occur in a
narrow belt about sixty miles long, in the northern portion of the State,
and here can be seen the crude implements and vessels fashioned by
9
the Indians early in the last century. Only within the past twenty
years, however, have the immense deposits of the valuable material
been opened and developed systematically, and the annual output is
now valued at considerably mote than $1,000,000.
Georgia marble is of such quality and texture, and is found in
such variety of colors, that this particular branch of industrial develop-
ment will assume far greater proportions in the immediate future than
at present, notwithstanding the fact that the output is now about thirty-
five per cent, of the famous Vermont quarries, from which the hulk of
this material used at present in the United States is secured.
Some of the Georgia marble beds have been pierced to a depth of
over two hundred feet, and as yet there is no sign to indicate that the
stratum has been worked through. Very few of the Green Mountain
deposits exceed this depth. The texture of this stone is said to be the
finest in the world; it does not possess the element of disintegration so
noticeable in the Italian varieties, and acids or stains of any character
can be readily wiped off its surface with cold water and a sponge. This
one resource has already given Georgia a national reputation; her
marbles have been used in many of the country's most notable structures,
including a number of state capi.tol buildings and the famous Corcoran
Art Gallery at Washington.
Granite, Gneiss and Limestone
It is claimed, and justly, that the granite, gneiss and limestone of
Georgia are of quality and extent sufficient to pave the streets of every
city in the United States, and then leave a surplus amply sufficient to
meet the requirements of ordinary building operations for many years
to come. Stone Mountain, an immense deposit of high-grade granite,
said to be the largest single rock in America, seven miles in circum-
ference and nine hundred feet high, rears its majestic head within sight
from the windows of Atlanta's business district. Extensive quarrying
operations have been carried on here for manj years. Another belt of
high-grade blue granite traverses middle Georgia.
War Lithonia immense quantities of contorted gneiss is quarried
for curbing and paving, while limestones and sandstones in abundant
quantity are scattered throughout the state.
Bauxite
Bauxite is the hydrate of the metal aluminum, and is the principal
source of the aluminum of commerce. Georgia now leads in the pro-
duction of this mineral, which branch of mining is susceptible of further
development on a large scale on account of the rapidly increasing con-
sumption of aluminum.
10
Coal and Iron
The coal fields of Georgia are contracted to the area of Dade and
Walker counties, and are an extension of the celebrated Warrior fields
of Alabama. The annual output at present is in the neighborhood of
three hundred thousand tons valued at approximately a quarter of a
million dollars. A large per cent, of the coal mined in Georgia is
converted into coke.
The iron deposits of the state furnishes one of the most valuable
of its varied mineral products, and includes not only hematite, but
magnetite and limonite of such extent that ore mining presents a promis-
ing held for the capitalist and trained worker. The few furnaces now
A Charcoal Iron Furnace
located in Georgia are already celebrated for the high-grade pig iron
they produce, due principally to the high quality of the abundant
supply of raw material.
Careful investigation also develops extensive unopened deposits of
copper, mica, asbestos, corundum, talc, graphite, barite and pyrite, well
worth exploiting to the world, while three Georgia counties now supply
one-fourth of all the manganese consumed in the United States.
The Clays of Georgia
No greater wealth creating agency than the ceramic industry can
be found. And while the demand for the product is stable, localities
n
Ninety-nine per cent. Pure Kaolin, Dry Sheds
favored with the necessary raw materials are limited, and transportation
tolls, particularly on low grade goods, so high as to practically eliminate
competition of distant points. In the manufacture of clays the cost of
conversion is practically the entire expense, the value of the crude
material being so infinitesimal as to cut little figure.
Extending entirely across the state is a belt of clay deposits. These
clays are suitable for the manufacture of everything in the jug and
stoneware line. The "fire clays" are said to be the finest in the world
and capable of standing a higher degree of heat than any clay yet
found. At numerous points along this belt extensive plants for
the manufacture of porcelain, enameled brick, sewer pipe, china wares,
terra cotta and roofing tile have been established, while immense
quantities of pure white kaolin, used extensively in the manufacture of
wall paper, is mined and exported from the state.
Marls and Phosphates
In the counties forming the lower boundary of the state, numerous
beds of marl occur that are said to be equal in plant food to those of
New Jersey. Deposits of phosphate in greater or less quantities, but
of very high quality are also found in the southern section of the state.
Climate and Agricultural Products
From a geographic and climatic standpoint, Georgia favors the
Thousands of Tons of Succulent Hays are Produced annually in Georgia
immigrant agriculturist from every section of the world the South as
well as the North, East or West.
Of the nine climate belts in the United States eight are represented
in Georgia; the lowest with a mean annual temperature of about forty
degrees ; the highest of between seventy and eighty degrees.
Owing to the variety of climate and soil and the varying altitudes
of the different sections, due to its nearly four and one-half degrees of
latitude, the state produces the greatest variety of crops of any state in
the Union. The crops and fruits of every section of the United States,
together with many indigenous to foreign lands, are found within the
borders of Georgia, therefore, the commercial reputation of the state
has rested largely on an agricultural basis in the past.
In order of precedence, the products of Georgia are classed as
follows: Cotton, corn, hay and grain, live stock, trucking, dairying and
horticulture. Cotton of necessity looms largest in the statement and
forms the principal money crop of the state. However, in this con-
nection, two significant factors are in evidence growth of diversification
and intensive methods of farming their influence meaning that the
Georgia agriculturist will, in the near future, produce his own food
stuffs at great saving, and while reducing excessive cotton production
will market that staple at such reduced cost as to leave him a larger
margin of profit than he now enjoys.
Cotton
Cotton, as before stated, is the staple crop and it does exceedingly
well in every section of the state. It is exceptionally poor land, in
15
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Falls of the Chattahoochee, al Columbus, \\
fact, that will not produce a bale to the acre with intelligent cultivation,
and in many sections of the state, by use of special hybrid seed, the
yield has been increased to three and sometimes four hales per acre.
This refers almost entirely to "short staple" cotton.
Of the sea island or long staple" cotton the average yield is about
three-quarters of a bale say 375 to 400 pounds per acre. This
Eighty Bushels per Acre
16
is Converted into Electric Energy
cotton, however, varies in value from twenty cents to thirty-five cents
per pound and is always in steady demand in the manufacture of high-
grade mercerized cotton goods and in silks. A distinctive Georgia
product is what is known as "Floradora" cotton, a hybrid derived by
crossing the "long" and "short" staple. " Floradora " can he produced,
a hale to two hales to the acre, as far north in the state as the foot
hills, and always commands a price of from three to five cents per
pound over "short" staple varieties.
Corn
Another Georgia staple is corn. Georgia is one of the greatest corn
producing states in the Union. Corn will make anywhere from thirty-
five to seventy bushels per acre, and in some localities especially the
rich river bottom lands in the extreme southern section of the state
two crops are easily grown each year. How does that strike the Iowa
farmer, whose corn is sometimes caught by early frosts before it is
thoroughly matured? What would the Illinois or Indiana farmer think
of getting two big crops of corn off his land each year, instead of one?
In South Georgia the ears are setting on the stalks when the Iowa
farmer is planting his crop. " Roasting ears " can be gathered in the
early spring, the late fall and sometimes even up to Christmastule.
Alfalfa, Hays and Small Grain
Alfalfa is practically a new crop in Georgia though it has been
grown here for years in a limited way under the name of "Lucerne."
In the West it is praised as a money-producer, but after experimenting
in Georgia the Kansas or Nebraska farmer, who is satisfied with his
two or three cuttings per year from his alfalfa held, will with difficulty
believe even the conservative facts about alfalfa growing in Georgia.
The Kansas or Nebraska farmer will work industriously the first
year to secure a good stand. Often he fails, and has to replant the
second year. The Georgia farmer will at least get three to four
cuttings from his alfalfa the first year, and it is not unusual to get two
to three cuttings within six months after the seed is in the ground.
The Georgia farmer will harvest from five to eight cuttings per
annum a ton to a ton and half per acre per cutting after he gets his
stand.
Georgia growers estimate the total cost of producing a ton at from
$2.50 to $3.50 which includes the cost of haling. Alfalfa finds a ready
market at from $12.00 to $18.00 per ton leaving a profit of from $9.50
to $15.50, and with a yield of from five to twelve tons per acre per
annum the profit is easily calculated.
Georgia is a natural grass state. Bermuda and the vetches grow
wild, while paspalum dilitatum or "Dallis" grass, pea-vines, sorghum,
Japan clover, Johnson grass, German millet and many other varieties
of grasses and clovers do especially well for hays
Georgia Outs Forty Bushels per Acre Harvested
In regard to grains, wheat, oats, rye and barley all do exceptionally
well in the state. The writer recently \isited a Canadian dairy farmer
now residing in middle Georgia where he operates a forty acre dairy.
We saw two acres from which had been threshed forty bushels of
wheat per acre and a second crop of five tons per acre of pea-vine and
sorghum hay cut. His return was $1.25 per bushel for his wheat,
$100.00; four and one-half tons of straw, at $5.00 per ton, $22.50;
ten tons of hay at $15.00 per ton, $150.00. Total, $272.50. Not
so bad, eh !
iS
Rice
Another staple of prolific yield that has been sadly neglected in
Georgia is rice. This crop has been raised with signal success for
many years, and the quality of the product is superior to that of Texas
and Louisiana.
An average yield is about twelve barrels per acre, and in favorable
seasons a second crop of eight to ten barrels is gotten. This product
sells for approximately $3.50 per barrel.
Tobacco
Georgia has the largest tobacco plantation in the world, embracing
twenty-five thousand acres and employing three thousand five hundred
persons. These twenty-five thousand acres are of greater value than
any gold mine on the continent. In the recent hearing before the
Senate Committee on the Philippine Tariff Bill, the general superin-
tendent of the plantation testified that this Georgia farm produced two-
thirds of all the Sumatra tobacco used for wrapper purposes in the
United States !
About one thousand acres are under shade and they produce
annually one million pounds of tobacco, and the profit derived there-
from is one million dollars. The owners of this farm also buv besides.
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WBb
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Sumatra Tobacco
The Owner of the above Crop made Five Thousand Dollars from Fourteen Acres
of Tobacco
fe
all that the farmers outside can produce, perhaps two million pounds
additional.
The value of the tobacco product ranges from seventy-five cents
for the varieties grown in the open to $4.20 per pound for the high-
grade, shade grown Sumatra. The. average yield is about one thousand
pounds per acre; the returns are, therefore, quickly calculated for your-
self. It is a quick crop, too; planted in April, it is sold in August.
Truck and Vegetable Crops
The truck and market garden crops must not be lost sight of in
calculating the possible agricultural wealth of Georgia. On account
of the superior quality of the Georgia grown garden produce, and the
convenient methods of transportation, the trucking industry is receiving
attention from both native and newcomer, until now the early products
of the Georgia truck farm are supplanting the Florida varieties in the
markets of the East and West.
However, the experienced trucker in Georgia does not find it
necessary to grow his crops for a distant market. Georgia contains
thirty-one towns and cities with populations in excess of 2,500; they
are all thriving and growing and developing at a rapid rate. Official
returns for one of these towns indicate an increase in population of
seventy-four per cent, for the current year, and they all furnish exceptional
opportunities and advantages for the experienced truck gardener.
A Truck Farm with Peaches in the Distance
This Farm netted One Hundred Dollars per Acre for tin Truck obtained this Spring
21
To cite an example: a few years ago a Chinaman visited one of
the larger of these cities to investigate with a view to opening a laundry ;
he found that branch of industry well filled, and finally rented two
average sized city lots and went into market gardening. Most of his
ready money was laid out in rents and seed, so he hired a man who
owned the necessary implements to break up and harrow the land ; the
seed was planted and cultivated by the Chinaman with a hoe. This
man recently disposed of his lease on the property to a fellow country-
man, and with several thousand good American dollars dug out of these
two lots in the short space of a few years, returned to his native land to
dream out the remainder of his days in opulence.
There is no month in the year that some truck crop cannot be
grown and marketed profitably in every section of the state, and another
beauty about the situation is, that you can work anywhere in the state
in the open air 365 days in ever}- year barring rain, of which the
average is small but sufficient to produce abundantly the crops of this
section of the South.
Onions
The onion is a very popular truck crop, and returns from it are
phenomenal. One Georgia grower of spring onions cleared $200 from
three-quarters of an acre this spring. The Bermuda variety is also
prolific. The yield averages about ten thousand pounds per acre, and
the price, dependent largely on the time of the year and the handling
of the crop, ranges from two and one-half cents per pound early in the
season to one cent per pound later on, which is a safe average price.
Potatoes
The potato is such a common crop all over the country that it may
be thought an unprofitable one here in Georgia where other and rarer
crops can be produced to such great advantage. The reverse, however,
is true.
The "new" Irish potato of South Georgia quickly follows the
Florida product to market, and the quality of the Georgia vegetable, is
so superior that the demand for it quickly forces the Florida grower
from the field. The first shipments usually reach the market late in
March and the average price is around $3.00 to $3.50 per bushel.
The sweet potato is another staple truck crop, and the Georgia
product has a quality that is all its own there is nothing grown any-
where in the potato line that can approach the Georgia yellow" or
"pumpkin" yam in deliciousness of flavor. The sweet potato yield is
23
about three hundred and fifty bushels per acre and the prices range from
seventy-five cents to two dollars per bushel, according to the time of
year and the handling of the crop. A fair average price is about one
dollar per bushel.
Tomatoes
Midwinter tomatoes in Georgia are another delicacy. They can
be produced not onl\ for the holiday market, but can be shipped during
January and February. Not as much attention has been given this crop
as might have been done profitably. Growers realize from $200 to
$4.00 per acre from the crop, and they are easily grown.
Georgia Tomatoes, Two Hundred Dollars to Four Hundred Dollars per Acre
Cucumbers
( )ne of the most prolific crops is cucumbers, and large shipments
from the trucking districts are made all during the spring and thev bring
good prices. The yield per acre is two hundred to two hundred and
fifty bushels, and from $150 to $200 per acre is realized from this crop.
Other Vegetables
Not only the vegetables enumerated above, but practically every
other variety can be produced 111 abundance in every section of
24
Georgia. String beans come into the market early in the spring and are
marketed at good prices ranging from $2.: :, to $3.50 per crate. A net
profit of $200 per acre from carrots is a common thing. Beets yield
prolifically and bring high prices when shipped with the tops on in the
early spring. One gardener realized over $500 front one quarter acre of
spinach. Another marketed $300 worth of kale from one and one-half
acres, and $1 50 worth of lettuce from one-third of an acre. Cabbage will
easily return $400 to $500 per acre and cauliflower from $200 to $250
per acre.
"Roasting" ears, in the extreme South, can be grown for the
Christmas market, while radishes and other vegetables can be kept on
the market most of the winter. Asparagus, celery, peas, turnips in
fact every vegetable crop tan be grown in abundance. It is doubtful
if there is another locality in the United States that will profitably pro-
duce in proximity to such splendid home markets, such a wide variety of
truck and garden crops as Georgia.
Horticulture
In horticulture the production of the celebrated Georgia peach
forms a substantial source of present and future income. This is one of
In a Georgia Peach Orchard
the most unique developments in Georgia or any other section of the
United States. Only within the past few years did it become known
that Georgia soil, climate and other conditions favored commercial
peach culture, but such has been the rapidity with which this industry
has expanded that it is questionable if any other section can exceed it.
Forty years ago the only commercial peach orchard in the state
embraced some forty acres only; it was owned by Mr. J. D. Cunning-
ham, and situated within fifty miles of Atlanta. The success of this
grower was such as to encourage him to enlarge his operations until
finally he had sixty thousand trees in bearing. A son of this pioneer
grower now has two hundred and fifty thousand in bearing, and the
immense orchards of Judge Gober, the Hale-Georgia Orchard
Company, and J. H. Rumpf, who originated the famous u Elberta,"
that thrives in Georgia as nowhere else, have made the state celebrated
at home and abroad.
The only complete peach crop failures in Georgia were during
the early period of experimentation some ten years ago. In the past
ten years there has been one failure, four partial failures and five highly
successful crops. The state contains about eighteen million trees, of
which about twelve million are in bearing. The yield of a normal
season is approximately ten million bushels of luscious fruit valued at
about $5,000,000.
Commercial fruit culture in Georgia is at present practically limited
to the peach; but plums, apples, pears, and all the berries of the United
States, except the red currants and gooseberries, may be raised profitably
^^
The Georgia Cantaloupe is a Profitable Crop
everywhere in the state. The home markets consume practically all
of these products now produced, though occasionally Georgia h\is and
strawberries are found on the stalls of the Eastern and Western markets
and they always command prices in advance of the ruling prices of
similar fruits from other sections.
Melons
The celebrated Rocky Ford cantaloupe thrives in Georgia as in
no other section of the South-east. The soil and climatic conditions
appear to be ideal for the production of this and kindred varieties of the
very popular melon. The yields are abundant and the profits large.
The Georgia water-melon is famed all over the United States,
and approximately ten thousand carloads are now profitably marketed
each season.
Dairying and Live Stock
Georgia has the second best dairy in the United States so con-
ceded by Prof. Spill man, of the United States Department of Agri-
culture. Now think of that, an officer of the Agricultural Department
of the Government, who is familiar with all the dairy districts in this
country, concedes the second best dairy farm in the United States to
Georgia!
The land upon which the farm is located is the typical red clay
soil of northern Georgia which usually sells at from $10.00 to $20.00
per acre; the farm contains 400 acres of which 135 are under cultivation
feeding a herd of 145 head of cattle. About seventy-five of the cattle
are milk cows; the sweet milk is sold locally at fifteen cents per gallon,
and from a town of 2500, $150 from this source is realized each month.
Eighty pounds of butter is the daily output, or 25,000 per annum all of
which is contracted for by a firm in one of the larger cities at twenty-
ti\ e cents per pound.
The gross income from this farm is about $8000 per annum, or
$50.00 per acre of which $30.00 to $35.00 is net.
As we have before stated, Georgia contains thirty-one towns and
cities of more than 2500 inhabitants, and they are growing and ex-
panding by leaps and hounds. There are advantageous locations near
even one of them for from three to half a dozen experienced dairymen,
truck gardeners or poultry ranchers." Your output can be disposed of
at one hundred per cent, profit to dealers in the large centers, and if a
dairyman, your milk will pay the expenses of operation.
Georgia is destined to become one of the greatest live stock
producing sections of the United States. Soil, climate and other con-
ditions are all favorable, and at various times for many years, attention has
been directed to the possibilities of cattle ranching in this state.
First: < reorgia is a natural grass country. There are no better or
finer pastures in the world than flourish throughout the state, and tens
of thousands of tons of succulent hays are cured even' season on
Georgia farms that rivals in every respect the product of the so-called
Western hay states.
Second : in Georgia the rancher or cattleman is Soo to 1000 miles
This Georgia Herd Produces Butter at less than Twelve Cents per Pound
The Product Sells Readily at Wholesale for Thirty Cents
30
nearer the Eastern markets, and he can put his cattle into New York,
where they are as good as gold in the United States Mint, as cheaply
as the Western producer can put his stock into Omaha.
Third the climate is such that you can ship all of the year; your
cattle will not freeze, or starve or die on the road. Cattle shipped from
any point in Georgia to-day are in New York to-morrow!
' The Red Poll, the Hereford and grades of these breeds, crossed
on native stock are the popular beef type cattle. Sheep, and Angora
and Merino goats thrive well here. However, stock breeding here as
elsewhere, is a matter of development, not only of the cattle and of the
pastures and hay bottoms, but also of the farm owners and of the labor
employed.
Educational Facilities
An essential consideration in the selection of a place of residence
is its school fac.lities, and in this respect Georgia is splendidly equipped.
The public school system of the state embraces 7736 school houses,
I0 .60 teachers and half a million scholars, with a fund of approxi-
mately $> 500,000. The curriculum provided extends over a period
of five months of the year, except where, in many instances local
taxation extends the time to seven and nine months.
In the higher university branches, particularly in agricultural
education, Georgia is leading the country. The agricultural education
facilities include an agricultural normal school in each Congressiona
District, eleven in number, with curriculum modeled largely after the
agricultural schools of Denmark, where this system of education has
been most highly developed. In addition to the agricultural schools,
there is an Agricultural College, a part of the University system a
Athens, Ga., with a full four years' course, for those who desire full
scientific knowledge of the subject.
Conclusion
In concluding this publication we only desire to add that Georgia
is not only a good state in which to invest your money and thereby
make money, but it is also a good place to make your home. he
Northerners, Westerners-in fact, those from every section-that have
come to the state are satisfied and doing well-thev are making money.
A trip of investigation-a "show me trip," if you please-to
Georgia would be advisable. There is nothing like getting infor-
mation first hand and seeing the country for yourself-.s the best * ay
the sure way-you ought to meet and question some of the land ou ners
and successful farmers of the state.
31
A Typical School Structure
Any part of Georgia is readily accessible from every part of the
United States, and the transportation companies sell, periodically, round
trip homeseekers' excursion tickets to various Georgia points to enable
you to investigate the openings and opportunities for yourself.
Remember the old trite saying: "first come, first served," and
come N< )W.
Loading N:i\.il Stores, Brunswick, Ga.
D
LIBRARY OF CONGRESS
lllllllllllHIIII' 111 ! Ill Sill
Opportunities m
GEORGIA
The State That Produces Millions!
014 418 736 2 £
Especially Attractive
Openings for Following
Furniture Factories
Tanneries, Shoe Factories
Prepared Foods
[ams, Marmalades, etc.
Carriages, Wagons, Automobiles
Paper Mills
Novelty Works
Ship Building
l'o\ Factories
Electrical Machinery
Electric K. R. Car Factories
Malleable Iron Casting Foundries
Steel Casting Foundries
Brass Casting Foundries
Cotton Oil Mills
Cotton Spinning Mills
If you believe that foresight is an essential to success,
stop and realize that commerce ami business aie rapidly
pushing SOUTH.
This is the inevitable result of strategic location
as regards the world's markets.
GEORGIA commands the West Indies, Central
and South .America with two hundred million con-
sumers, a greater market than Europe and America
combined, or the Orient with its population of three
to one. Likewise the growing trade of Mexico can
be reached economically.
This vast market, practically virgin territory, is
hungry for American goods.
GEORGJA a mere youngster in manufacturing
already excels every state in the South-eastern group
in value of manufactures. $150,000,000 enough to
buy each year the whole states of Arizona, Nevada
and Delaware at their assessed valuation.
The opportunity for manufacturing goods to be sold within GEORGIA'S own territory is
equally attractive, especially to the man of limited capital.
The manufacturer has cheap and unlimited supplies of raw materials available and the best
possible railroad and shipping facilities.
These points should set you thinking figuring.
As the richest and best of the Southern States, GEORGIA offers you the biggest returns for
capital, brains and labor.
Fhe State is growing nunc rapidly than ever. The prosperity
from the actual production of wealth. GEORGIA is supplying
pelled to buy.
Suppose you face the matter squarely. Is it better to work
conditions in the North, Fast and West or put your efforts into ;
different and varied opportunities await you?
GEORGIA belongs to you a part of your own country a region where you will lit
welcome. People aie coming to GEORGIA from eveiv state, bom almost ev ei v town.
If you could see the state, if you could but taste the Southern lite and compare > our stren
nous existence with the happy life of GEORGIA people, you would not hesitate a moment. 1
would be GEORGIA FOR YOU.
Specific into: mation is supplied by this Department of the State Government. The statistic
aie accurate ami in no way exaggerate the true conditions. If you desiie further details regard
ing any industry or section of GEORGIA, write us and your communication will receivi
prompt and courteous attention.
THE COMMISSIONER OF AGRICULTURE
THE CAPITOL - - ATLANTA, GA., U. S.
