The following letter was written by Lawrence Kortright (bap. 1728) to General George Washington. He is looking for help settling a claim for the sloop, "Hester." Also included is George Washington's reply. Submitted by Jennifer Hill, a Courtright researcher. These images were found on the Library of Congress "American Memory" section.
Calvin Whitfield Courtright was born on November 15, 1839 in Bloom Township
Fairfield County, Ohio. His parents, John Jacob Courtright and Margaret Crist,
were farmers. Calvin was apparently the only one of at least 13 offspring who
went to college. He graduated from Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, in 1863 and
Princeton Theological Seminary in Princeton, New Jersey in 1868. He was an
ordained Presbyterian minister who served the church all his life, mostly in
very small towns. He was an avid vegetable gardener, and briefly, a school
superintendent. Calvin died in Oakland, California on December 17, 1929.
Calvin and Sarah met in Oxford when he was enrolled in Miami University and
she in the Female Institute. They married in 1861, when she was 18 and he was
22. They bore one child in Oxford, Mary Estella, in 1862. Katherine, or Kittie
in this diary, was born in 1863 in Brookville, Indiana after Calvin's graduation
from Miami; she and her older sister were named for Sarah's sisters, Mary and
Kittie. Their infant brother, John Calvin, was born in Princeton, New Jersey in
1865, and at the beginning of this diary fragment Sarah was already four months
pregnant with her fourth child, Sadie. Sadie later died a tragic death at the
age of eight at Meigs Creek, Ohio. Sarah and Calvin lost two more babies:
Nellie, who died of cholera, and Clara. Eleven of their 15 offspring survived to
adulthood.
This diary was written over a period of 65 days in June, July, and August of
1866 when Calvin was enrolled in the Theological Seminary and the family was
living on Canal Street in Princeton. The diary was passed to Sarah's daughter,
Kittie Louise Courtright Simonds, who in turn gave it to her daughter, Katherine
Simonds Wensberg. Katherine, my mother, left the diary and photos of her
mother's family in my care. When I discovered that Sarah's handwriting was
fading, transcribed it.In the process, I became curious enough about the
Courtright family to delve into its history and genealogy.
There is so much information about their way of life contained in every entry
that it seemed important to share Sarah's diary with her descendants. Written,
as it was, only a few months after the end of the Civil War, it is a great
family document with the power to teach us all about whom our ancestors really
were.
With the help of several historians and a visit to the street where they lived in 1866, I made illustrations from four of the entries. I've included two photos of Sarah and Calvin from the beginning and the end of their life together. Thanks to the Simonds sisters, there is quite a lot of information saved about Calvin and Sarah, but it is through Sarah's own words that we may find her character. I have edited some of the spelling, and supplied an occasional word in brackets as delicately as possible to preserve Sarah's simple, strong voice.
Eleanor K. Pelcyger,
Christmas, 2001
June, Saturday, 9, 1866.
Sunday, 10.
Attended divine service twice today. Had communion in the
morning. Three persons were united to the church. The sermon was delivered by
Dr. MacDonald. Dr. Kirk of Boston preached in the evening. He had a most
excellent sermon. His text was taken from the 103rd Psalm, 5th Verse, "Who
satisfieth thy mouth with good things; so that thy youth is renewed like the
eagles." One of his main points was that if we would strive to be more contented
with the lot that Go has assigned us, our lives would be prolonged. Another idea
was to think that there is one God over all and he is never disturbed by
anything.
Monday, 11.
We arose early as we had some extra work to perform. Mr. Courtright left us
this afternoon. I felt very lonely after he was gone. Sat down and commenced
writing a letter to sister Mary, but as my letters to her are lengthy did not
finish it. Called on Mrs. B and then went to mail but did not receive any
letters. When I came home it was dark. We then had tea. The children were very
much worried because their "Papa" had not come. Stella does talk so strangely
sometimes. Today when I was having some sport with the boy, she reminded me that
God was looking at me and would not love me if I teased the baby. Kittie was
very anxious for me to write to Papa that she was trying to be good.
June, Tuesday, 12, 1866.
Was quite busy this morning ironing. The two Miss Merrills called in the
afternoon. They enquired of sister Mary and altogether it was quite a pleasant
call. When the children awoke I took them out to walk. They enjoy being out very
much. I must try and have them take a walk every day. They are very anxious for
their Papa to return-say that they will try to be good girls. The time passes
very slowly now, especially the evenings. I am reading one of Irving's works but
it does not interest me much yet. Am endeavoring to read my Bible faithfully
morning and evening. I am now reading in the Psalms. How well adapted they are
to everyone. It is strange to me how anyone can believe that the Bible is not
inspired.
Wednesday, 13.
Was writing this morning. I finished a letter to Mr. Courtright and one to
sister Mary. Was very much disappointed in not hearing from Mr. Courtright.
Received a letter in the morning from sister Mary. It is one of those kind,
affectionate letters that she always writes. I look forward every week to her
letters with much pleasure. Had a letter from sister Kittie this evening. She
does write such a beautiful letter. It is quite a treat to hear from her as she
writes so seldom. But I must excuse her as her mind is taken up at present with,
to her, more pleasant and important affairs. Sent a letter to Mr. C this
evening. Hope that I will hear from him very soon. I am so anxious about him.
What could I do without him?
Thursday, 14.
Spent most of the morning in sewing. It has been showery all day so that the
children could not take their walk. Mrs. B called this afternoon. After she had
left, Miss Merrill called. She is full of life-invited me to spend Saturday
evening with her. I expected a letter in the mail but none came. Did not think
of one coming in the next mail, but Mr. B brought me one. What pleasure it was
to receive a letter from Mr. Courtright, and to hear that he was well and
happily situated. My desire to see him was greater than it had been since he
left. May God bless him in his labors and bring him safely home.
June, Friday, 15, 1866.
This has been a most beautiful day. Went up town this morning, but no mail
for us. Bought Stella a primer and a new pair of shoes. She was delighted when I
came home with them. This evening she went to the schoolroom expecting to find
the teacher there but came home and said that the teacher had gone. I did not
know that she was out of the yard. She is teaching Kittie her letters and says
that she learns fast. I felt very lonesome this afternoon and evening. Do hope
that Mr. Courtright will return tomorrow so that we can spend our Sabbath
together.
Saturday, 16.
I took the children with me to the far depot expecting to meet their Papa but
he did not come. I expected to get a letter but had to be disappointed again. In
the meantime I had been at the depot to meet the last train. It is very
lonesome. This evening had some difficulty in getting the children to sleep.
They were very much disappointed also on account of their Papa not coming .
Stella cried as if her heart would break. Thought that I ought to remain at the
depot until her Papa would come. Kittie cried a little but soon ceased. She said
that her Papa would come another day. She takes things more quietly than
Stella.
Sunday, 17.
Attended divine service this morning. Heard a sermon from Dr. MacDonald. The
text was taken from the 37th Psalm, 4th Verse, "Delight thyself also in the Lord
and he shall give thee the desires of thy heart." I enjoyed it very much. It was
a plain, practical sermon. After dinner read a while in My Father's [word
omitted] and when Stella awakened from her usual nap taught her part of a Bible
verse. This evening led in family worship; have resolved that whenever Mr.
Courtright is absent will conduct it myself. May God help me to keep my
resolution. The girl was not here and so was not present. I feel much happier
for performing my duty. Had felt it is my duty every night but would try to
excuse myself from it.
June.Monday, 18, 1866.
As this was washing day and I have not much time for sewing, thought what
little spare time that I could get would spend in writing letters. I received
three letters. The first was from my dear husband. How thankful I am that he is
well although very anxious to be with us again. Though not any more so than we
are to see him, but the time will pass and Saturday will come. Then, Providence
permitting, he will be home again. Received a letter from Mary. I should learn a
lesson of punctuality from her. A letter came for Mr. Courtright from Aunt Lucy
this evening. Wrote three letters, one to Mr. Courtright, one to Father, one to
Mrs. H.
Tuesday, 19.
Received another letter from Mr. Courtright today. How kind he is to write so
often. Wrote three letters and sent two: one to Mr. C and another to Aunt Lucy.
This evening has been one that brought many little cares which it requires
patience to bear. Just before tea, Stella fell down on the stone walk and hurt
her forehead. It is very much swollen. Then after tea, the baby was taken sick;
besides, I was very tired and have had a toothache all the evening. I do hope
that both of the children will soon be well, for it worries Mr. C so much to
hear hat they were sick when he was away; for I shall feel it my duty to tell
him of it if they are not better.
Wednesday, 20.
Spent a great portion of this day in writing letters. Sent four letters, one
to Mr. Courtright, one to Kittie, one to Abner and one to Aunt Mary. I have only
one more to write and then I do not owe anyone a letter. Attended prayer meeting
this afternoon. Dr. McKosh of Belfast, Ireland made some very good remarks. He
commenced by reading a few verses in the 17th Chapter of St. John, commencing at
the 20th Verse. He is quite an old man and a very earnest speaker. His main
point seemed to be the desire of the Presbyterian Churches of Great Britain to
be united in feeling with the churches of our country. Think that it can be
easily done once slavery is abolished. [He] Spoke of the Evangelical Alliance
about to be established in the United States.
June, Thursday, 21, 1866.
Today I finished my letters by writing one to sister Mary. This afternoon was
at the library with Mr. and Mrs. Le B. Brought home four [books]: Ferdinand and
Isabella, Life of Oliver Cromwell, The Preacher and the King and Cowper's Poems.
I wish to read every day and will not confine myself to one kind of reading.
This evening finished a book that I borrowed. It is so lonesome when Mr.
Courtright is away that if I had the time would love to read during a great
portion of the day. Went out walking with the children. They are anxious for
Saturday to come so they can see their Papa.
Friday, 22.
Spent this morning in sewing, endeavoring to get completed
what I had on hand. Was very much surprised this afternoon; while I was reading,
Mr. Courtright stepped up on the porch. It was not long before I was down to
meet him. The children had gone out walking to the woods some time before and as
Mr. C had come in a buggy, he thought he would see if he could leave the horse
and buggy at Mr. Right and then we would go and meet the children. But they
returned before we were ready to start. They were very much rejoiced to see him;
Kitty nearly smothered him with kisses. How much I enjoyed family worship this
evening.
Saturday, 23.
This morning Mr. Courtright was busy working in the garden. Placed frames all
around the tomato plants. I was busy preparing food for the Sabbath. This
evening we took Stella and Kittie with us to ride. We rode past the Seminary and
round past Dr. Green's then drove down through Queenstown and out towards
Kingston. It was a very pleasant ride, just cool enough to be pleasant. Mr.
Courtright drove down towards the canal before we returned home. How I enjoyed
the rest of the evening, quite different from the long, lonely evenings during
his absence; but the next two months will pass away, and then I shall enjoy his
society all the time.
June, Sunday, 24, 1866.
This has been a very warm day. We were at church this morning; heard a sermon
from Dr. MacDonald . His text was John, 4th Chapter and 24th Verse: "God is a
spirit and they that worship him must worship him in spirit and in truth."
Endeavored to read this afternoon but it was so warm that the baby could not
rest so I spent most of the time in taking care of him. This evening enjoyed
myself in reading some of Cowper's good old poems. I have felt sad at times all
the evening, thinking that it is the last evening I will spend with my dear
husband for some time. Oh, may his life be spared long.
Monday, 25.
This morning Mr. Courtright left me, we do not know for exactly what length
of time. The children comfort themselves by saying that he will return on
Saturday. They have been with me in my room all day. Stella has learned several
new words in her book. She seems to take delight in reading what she has
learned. I have read a chapter in each one of my books. This evening passed away
rather unpleasantly. The children were very fretful. Had the baby in my arms all
the time and felt sick besides having a toothache. Jennie kept leaving her work
in order to have a chat with the Conovers. She ought to have had it finished and
been helping me.
Tuesday, 26.
Was occupied this morning with taking care of the children, writing a letter
to Mr. Courtright and reading. This afternoon went to hear an address to the
college students delivered by Mr. Duryea. His subject was "The Heroes of
Nassau." It was received well, as everything he says is. This evening attended
the speaking in the church; heard four of the students speak. It was so very
warm and I had such an uncomfortable seat that I did not enjoy the exercises
very much. Had a pleasant walk through the seminary grounds after it was over.
Though I could not help but wish that Mr. C were with me. My pleasures are much
greater when shared with him.
June, Wednesday, 27, 1866.
Another warm day. Walked up town to buy some provisions; was so warm and
tired when I returned home that I concluded not to attend the commencement
exercises. There were many persons from abroad here. There were three passenger
cars attached to the engine to convey persons to the depot. I wrote another
letter to my dear husband today and received one from him. Reading his letter
and writing one to him was much more pleasant than any of the commencement could
be. Received a letter from Father and one from Mary. Father wrote a very
affectionate letter. I was so glad to hear from him.
Thursday, 28.
This morning wrote a letter to Mr. Courtright and read some in Ferdinand and Isabella. This afternoon finished the children's dresses that I have had on hand so long. This evening was at Mrs. Vohn's then went downtown of an errand. Called at [the] Misses Merrills', then returned by the post office but did not find any letters there for us. On my way home saw Mrs. Laird. She seems to be a very kind woman; invited me to spend the afternoon with her soon. Soon after I came home, Mr. and Mrs. B came in and spent the evening. The children were in great glee when they came and had a fine romp with Mr B. They were taken upstairs very reluctantly.
Friday, 29.
I was very much surprised this evening in seeing Mr. Courtright step into the
kitchen. I did not expect to see him until next week, but it is so pleasant to
have him home now for I have not been well this week, which makes me miss his
society more. How happy I felt when we had family worship and I heard his voice
again, reading the scriptures and leading in earnest prayer. The children seem
to enjoy it very much, but they always wish to have singing. Very little voices
sound so sweet when they attempt to perform their part. I hope that when they
grow older and understand the meaning of the words that it will afford them as
much pleasure.
Saturday, 30, 1866.
This morning the girl was so sick that she was not able to be up, so I had a
double portion of work to perform today. Stella was sick this forenoon but is
better tonight. I had Lizzie to help me take care of the children. Mr.
Courtright worked in the garden all day and it well shows it, for the weeds were
fast taking possession. I do not like to have him work so hard when he comes
home to remain so short a time. But the garden must be hoed if we expect to have
many vegetables. I feel very tired tonight. The girl has not sat up any yet. I
do hope that
she will soon be able to be about again.
July, Sunday, 1.
We did not feel well this morning so did not attend church. Spent a portion
of the time teaching the children Bible verses. Stella, with a little
assistance, can repeat two. One is, "Suffer little children to come unto me and
forbid them not, for such is the kingdom of heaven." The other [is], "God so
loved the world that he gave his only begotten son, that whomsoever believeth in
him shall not perish but have everlasting life." We attended preaching in the
evening and heard a sermon from Reverend Mr. Hodge. His text was taken from the
14th Chapter of St. John, 16th and 26th Verses. He seems so much like his
father. The Sabbath passed very pleasantly for me.
Monday, 2.
Did not accomplish much today as it has been wash day. Mr. C left us again
today. I accompanied him to the depot, and then, having some errands to do, went
up town. Felt very tired when I returned. After putting the children to sleep,
read a while and then commenced sewing. Mrs. B came in and spent two hours; it
was then teatime. After tea I went to mail but no letters; waited until after
the 9 o'clock mail, then returned home very tired. The children were not asleep.
Stella wanted to recite her lesson and went to sleep very reluctantly. Kittie
always wants to go to sleep with her arms around my neck. It seems as if she
gets more affectionate every day. The baby has not been well today.
July, Tuesday, 3, 1866.
I arose at five o'clock and commenced writing a letter to Father but did not
finish it before breakfast as I wished. My time was occupied from breakfast
until time to prepare dinner with the children. After dinner I finished my
letter to Father and wrote one to Mr. Courtright. Did not have time to write a
very long one, for the children needed my attention. This has been ironing day
and I have much more to do about the housework than other days. Was at the
office this evening. Called on Mrs. Baker. She was very friendly, [lending] me
some little patterns. Was much disappointed in not receiving any letters today
but tomorrow will have one from Mr. C.
Wednesday, 4.
Did not arise until late. The baby was sick until midnight and then I was
obliged to rest later this morning. Wrote a letter to sister Mary and received
one from Mr. Courtright. He is sick and disappointed about his work. How I wish
that he was home and could remain all the time. Am so fearful that he will be
taken so sick that he cannot come home. Would have written to him again but
thought that it might be useless. Since receiving his letter, am sorry that I
did not send one today, but it is too late now. Will try and get one in early in
the morning. I did not accomplish but very little of any kind of work today.
Thursday, 5.
This morning I went up to town to take a letter to the office; I had written
to Mr. Courtright before breakfast. Expected to get it in the 9 o'clock mail but
was too late. I engaged some currants for jelly, then returned home. Felt so
sick that I was obliged to lie down awhile. This afternoon I attempted to sew,
but it was so warm that I could not accomplish much. Spent most of the time in
reading. Mr. Courtright came home this evening. I was so, so glad to see him.
Time will pass pleasantly now for me and I do hope that home will be pleasant
for him. He made such a good prayer in family worship tonight. His whole soul
seems to pour itself out in earnest prayer to God. May I feel more of the
Saint's influences.
July, Friday, 6, 1866.
This morning I made some currant jelly. Succeeded so well that I concluded to
make some more tomorrow. Mr. Courtright helped me as usual. I do think that he
can assist me in anything that he undertakes about the house better than any
woman that I ever had to help me. He is a helpmeet as well as meet or mate. He
was busy in the garden when not occupied in the house his evening concluded that
I would try and set some good rising for bread, as the girl does not seem to
know how to make good bread. We did not have tea until late as Jennie went up
town.
Saturday, 7.
Arose early this morning to work out my bread. Succeeded in working it and
picking over some currents before breakfast. Spent the rest of the morning
preparing food for Sabbath and making jelly. Also gave the children a good bath.
The baby thought that it was fine sport, judging from the way he laughed and
played. It has been extremely warm today. There was some air stirring, but it
was warm air. Mrs. B. was here awhile this afternoon. The baby was on the floor
and played and laughed so sweetly. We were out in the yard on the porch this
evening until nearly retiring time.
Sunday, 8.
Mr. Courtright preached twice today, in the afternoon at {name left blank];
in the evening in the Colored Church. He preached extempore and succeeded very
well. I would love to have heard him. Jenny was away all day. She wanted to go
to Trenton, but being disappointed spent the day with some of her friends in the
country. The baby has been sick all the afternoon, but sleeps well this evening.
The children have been very mischievous today. Stella repeated her Bible verses
very well. The day has seemed long; it always does when I do not attend church.
We had a nice little shower this afternoon, which has cooled the atmosphere.
July, Monday, 9, 1866.
Did not feel well today, as I was kept awake by the baby during the night. He
is not well. Suppose that he will soon cut some teeth. I did not sew any today
as I had extra housework to perform. Knit one piece for my quilt. Am determined
to try and accomplish more of everything I undertake during the future. I
finished Shirley this morning and read some in Ferdinand and Isabella this
afternoon. Tonight have been reading The Preacher and the King, but how little I
have done in comparison to what I might have accomplished. I must improve every
hour.
Tuesday, 10.
I arose early after reading a chapter. Commenced to prepare some sewing for
the day. After breakfast Mr. Courtright assisted me on the machine. After making
three pairs of stockings, I altered Stella's and Kittie's dresses. This kept me
busy until four o'clock when I went uptown and purchased some things. Went to
the office; received a letter from sister Mary. She will soon be done with her
school. Expected a letter from sister Kittie but none came. Tonight I was very
tired; endeavored to read but soon fell asleep. I do wish I would not feel so
worn out when night comes so that I could read.
Wednesday, 11.
We have been busy all day, sewing and cutting out patterns. I took a letter
to the office before breakfast. After breakfast Mr. Courtright cut me some
patterns while I did my morning's work. Then we commenced working in earnest, he
at the machine and I with my hands. Among other things, worked on a little
bonnet for the baby; had to rip it out and do it over again. This evening I went
up town again for some little things necessary for my sewing and stopped at the
office. Received another letter from sister Kittie. I sewed this evening until
bedtime; hope to get through with it before long and then I will have a little
rest.
July, Thursday, 12, 1866.
Another busy day has passed in sewing. This
afternoon had been so warm that I felt like giving it up and going to reading.
We finished four little garments for the boy, a bonnet, saque and two shirts. He
will soon get his short clothes on and then how sweet he will look. Mr.
Courtright rocked him asleep this evening. He does love his Papa so much, for he
would rather have him hold him than anyone else. The children enjoyed walking
out this evening. They came into the house full of glee, telling what a nice
time they had walking up and down our street.
Friday, 13.
This has been a very warm day, but I did sew some. This afternoon Mrs. B was
here. She had just returned from Philadelphia. I went up town this evening.
Started when it was nearly dark so as to have the cool of the evening for my
walk. Went across by the College. Did not receive any letters. Went to the
saloon and treated myself to a dish of ice cream. Bought the little boy a pair
of shoes, the first that he has had. Went to Mrs. Vohn's, expecting to have a
dress fitted, but she said that it was too late. Was very tired after I returned
home; attempted to read some, but it was not long before I had dropped
asleep.
Saturday, 14.
We arose very early so as to get our baking and other work done before the
heat of the day. Last night was the warmest night that we have had this season.
It was very warm this morning but we had a shower this afternoon, which has
cooled the atmosphere some. Mrs. B and I went uptown together for the mail this
evening. She treated me to a dish of ice cream. We waited for the last mail, and
being very tired, sat on the college steps to wait for it. But I did not get any
letter. I was so tired that I could hardly walk home and found Stella sick.
Kittie and the baby were asleep. Am not at all well myself but hope to be
better.
July, Sunday, 15, 1866.
It was so warm that we could not sleep. Had an early breakfast and thought
some of going to church, but as neither of us felt very well, concluded that it
was best to remain at home and read. Very rarely write a letter on Sunday, but
wrote a short one to each of my sisters. We went to church this evening. Heard a
sermon from Dr. Macdonald. His text was taken from Matthew, the 15th Chapter and
the last clause of the 25th Verse: "Lord Help me." We had a good practical
sermon. Although he did not treat the subject as he proposed to do when he
commenced the sermon, there was much that we could learn from it.
Monday, 16.
Arose early this morning for we could not sleep. Stella and I were quite sick
during the night. The baby seemed very restless so that he could not have been
well either. Mr. Courtright was up with us constantly so that he could not rest
any. He took a severe cold in his head from which he has been suffering all
day.I did not have the washing done today as I was not able to assist about the
housework. Attempted to sew but could not do much at it. Kittie was sick too, so
we all consoled each other as much as we could. Did not get any letters today.
It does seem so strange that some of our friends do not write.
Tuesday, 17.
This was washday. I arose early; prepared the breakfast and helped do the
kitchen work so Jennie could get at the washing soon. Stella and Kittie were
playing at the window this morning and Kittie pushed out the stick which held it
up. Stella's hand was under it, so it fell on her hand and mashed her fingers
very badly. She bore the pain bravely. It has pained her very much today. We
have been looking very anxiously for rain today as it has been so very warm. The
thermometer stood as high as 102 in the middle of the day. We have every
appearance of rain this evening; I do hope that we will have a good shower.
July, Wednesday, 18, 1866.
We have been sewing nearly all day. Will soon have the baby's clothes made. I
did not read any as I felt very tired this evening and in the evening is my only
time for reading. It has been very windy all day and tonight we are having rain,
which is very refreshing after such warm weather. The baby had his short clothes
on this afternoon for the first time. He does look so sweet in them. We had him
out riding all of the evening. He seemed to enjoy it so much Stella recited her
lesson two or three times today. She seems to love her book better every
day.
Thursday, 19.
We had a very pleasant day for weather as there was rain in the night. I
finished some of my sewing this morning. This afternoon spent in knitting. Mrs.
B was here both afternoon and evening. She commenced knitting her a quilt. The
children were all out this afternoon. The baby does not seem well since his ride
and appears to be very tired. Her [Stella's] hand is not well yet and seems to
give her pain. Kittie was tired too for she asked to be taken to bed. They love
to be taken out so much but get tired easily for it is hard for them to keep up
with grown-ups.
Friday, 20.
I went up town this morning to try on a dress that Mrs.
Van Vores cut out for me; could hardly get home, I felt so sick and tired. After
resting a little, Mr. C and I put away our jelly, having put brandy papers over
them, so dinnertime came without any sewing being done. After dinner, thought I
would knit awhile and then sew, but Mrs. B came in and we spent the afternoon in
knitting. The baby does not seem well at all today, for he has taken but very
little of his milk. Yet, he has been so sweet. He has been lying on the floor in
the room with us. I felt more like playing with him than knit.
July, Saturday, 21, 1866.
The baby has been sick all day and does not seem as well this evening. We had
the doctor and he says that he will most probably be well soon. I have had him
in my arms most of the time. Jennie had all of the housework to do today and she
has done it well. [She] has been very kind about helping me wait on the baby.
Mr. Courtright knows just what to do in sickness. I am very glad that he is at
home now. We have seen Stella and Kittie but very little of the time today for
Jennie has kept them downstairs. Stella reads in her book to herself when we do
not have time to hear her.
Sunday, 22.
The baby was worse this morning. He seemed to have high fever. The doctor
left some powders for him to take which seems to have helped him. He seems a
little better this evening. We were both up with the baby during the night so we
took turns in taking care of him today, and each of us took a nap. Jennie keeps
the children all day. They feel very badly about their little brother being
sick. Could not teach the children any Bible verses or catechism today. We do
hope and pray that our dear little boy will be spared to us, for he is so good
and sweet.
Monday, 23.
We were up with the baby all night but he was much better this morning. He
notices us all and seems inclined to play. The doctor says that he will soon be
well again. We did not wash today as we though it best to wait until the baby is
better. I joined my pieces for a quilt together. Have about one sixth of it
done. Thought I had it nearly one third done. I have 260 large pieces to knit
yet. Must try and finish it soon. Had a nice romp with the baby tonight. The
children were out walking this afternoon so they feel quite happy tonight; a
walk always does them good.
July, Tuesday, 24, 1866.
Have been sewing almost all day. The baby seems very much better. He has sit
on the floor with pillows around him and played by himself. When tired, would
lie down on the pillow and fall asleep. Jennie washed today and we sewed
upstairs. Mr. Courtright helps me so much by working the machine. I felt too
tired today to accomplish much; suppose it is because I have been deprived of
sleep. It seems to me that I would rather play with the baby than work. I feel
so happy to think that he is so much better.
Wednesday, 25.
The baby is sick again this morning. When I washed and dressed him, he seemed
fretful and did not give me the usual kisses and did not like to be played with.
We thought that he was worse; this afternoon he seemed to suffer so much from
pain that we sent for the doctor. He left us some medicine and said that he
would call again in the morning. I have held him in my arms nearly all of the
afternoon and evening. How I would love to see him well again but am fearful
that he will not recover while warm weather continues.
Thursday, 26.
The baby is not so well this morning-has high fever. The doctor thinks that
there is some danger of his having the inflammation of the brain. Dear little
boy, how hard it is to see him suffer so much. Mrs. B has been here this
afternoon. She is coming to sit up a part of the night with the baby so that we
can rest some. We have been up with him every night since he was first taken
sick. I do not have any time now for taking care of the children. Jennie keeps
them downstairs with her all of the time. Stella sometimes gets her books and
tries to teach herself.
July, Friday, 27, 1866.
The baby does not seem to improve. The doctor comes twice a day and leaves
several powders each time for him to take. We shall be so glad when the fever
abates for that seems to be the main difficulty. We bathe his head and bowels
constantly as there is danger of fever in the head and inflammation in the
bowels. He has taken a great deal of calomel syrup. The doctor has left some
more for him to take during the night. He seems to suffer much but is so patient
with it all. How hard it is to see him suffer so and not be able to help
him.
Saturday, 28.
Another week has passed and Callie is not as well as he was at the close of
last week. May the close of another week see a change for the better in him, but
I feel now that we may lose him any time. May we have strength from above if
this great affliction is to be given us. The doctor has not given us any grounds
for discouragement yet, so we will hope as long as there is life. We are both
with him all of the time. Jennie seeing to the housework and taking care of
Stella and Kittie. We will not leave him a moment until he is well.
Sunday, 29.
The dear little boy does not seem any better. His fever continues to be very
high. He does not wish either of us to leave his cradle a moment. We are
thankful that his mind is still clear; with his fever, this is remarkable. We
bathe his head continually with cold water and how he loves it. We were awakened
early this morning by the cry of "Fire!" A large sawmill was burned to the
ground and there have been many carriages and wagons passing that way so that
the noise has been kept up all day. I fear it will hurt the baby as he is very
sensitive.
July, Monday, 30, 1866.
The dear little pet yet lives. This morning he
became worse; his limbs are getting cold. We put mustard plasters to his feet
but they did not seem to do any good. He grew worse as night came on. We were
very anxious for the doctor to come as he always came to see him in the evening.
We were obliged to send for him. He said that he was glad that he came, for the
baby was very sick after he left. The dear little boy seemed to be sinking away,
but at seven o'clock he became better. The crisis had passed. Mr. and Mrs. B
will remain with us all night.
Tuesday, 31.
The baby is a little better today, although very weak. He is conscious and
does not like to have anyone come near him except Mr. Courtright and myself. He
cannot cry aloud, but moans so pityfully. This evening his little bowels are
swollen. The doctor says that there will an abscess form on his liver, and if it
will break and pass off into his bowels, perhaps he will get better. He will
have to gain much strength in the meantime. I feel as if we were to lose him,
but as long as there is life, we will hope. God only knows whether his life will
be spared.
August, Wednesday, 1.
The dear little one continues to be very weak but his liver and bowels seem
to be getting in a more healthy state. The doctor did not leave any medicine for
him to take today or tonight as he is too weak. He told us to make him some
punch and feed it to him in order that he might gain strength, but he does not
like to eat, and most of the time we force it down him. Mrs. Conover kindly
offered to watch him a while tonight in order that we might get some rest. But I
cannot rest much as long as he remains in this critical condition.
August, Thursday, 2, 1866.
The baby seems to be better and tonight has
a good appetite. The doctor says that he thinks that he will not have any
abscess now. If he continues to gain strength as he has done, he will soon be
well. He stayed here a long while this evening and seemed very happy to think
that the baby was so much better. I hardly dare to hope for any little change in
the disease; it may carry him off. I shall sit up with him tonight myself for as
long as I can stand it. Will prefer to be with him until he is well. Since the
doctor left he seems to suffer much although his appetite is good.
Friday, 3.
Our little pet is dead. He died about ten o'clock this evening. He suffered
much during last night. This morning [he] appeared very bright. [I] discovered a
large abscess on his back this morning. The doctor soon came and said it would
most probably break on the outside, and if he had strength to stand a discharge
he might live yet. But tonight it burst on the inside and he did not survive
long. His appetite increased all day long. He suffered very much from hunger to
the last moment. We gave him nourishment every few minutes. He was conscious
within five minutes of his death.
Saturday, 4.
After a restless night, I arose early and went into the room where my dear
little boy was laid out. Spent an hour with him alone for the last time. The
dear boy looked so natural. How hard it is to realize that he is dead. The
neighbors are very kind doing all that they can do for us in this our sore
affliction but God is our chief source of help. He alone can help us. We both
feel that it is for the best that he is taken from us, and do not wish him back
in this world of trouble. Stella and Kittie do not seem to realize that they
will not have a brother here.
August, Sunday, 5, 1866.
This has been a very sad day to us. The funeral services were at four o'clock. We kept the baby in ice until about two. Then he was dressed and put in his dear little casket, for what else could we put the dear little jewel in? We kept our little Callie with us in the room [after] he died as long as we could. Stella and Kittie kissed him but did not seem to know what they were losing. How lonely the house seems tonight. But why should we feel sad when he is so happy? He will never return to us but we may go to him. What a blessed consolation.
Monday, 6.
This morning I collected together all of little Callie's things and put them
away. Mr. Courtright took the dear cradle apart and put it way for it looked so
empty without him in it. Stella and Kittie were kept from him so much while he
was sick that they do not feel his loss as they would have done had they been
with him all the time. This afternoon we took a walk down the street. On our way
back [we]called on Mrs. B. Then we all went to the library. We thought of going
to the cemetery but I was so sick and tired that I concluded to wait until
another day.
Tuesday, 7.
Have spent most of the day in sewing. Mrs. B was here this morning. She seems to sympathize with us in our loss. This evening we were at the cemetery to visit the dear Callie's grave. How glad I shall be when there is grass on it. But he is not in the grave, but in a world of pure delight. How we do cling to the form after the spirit has left it. We expected some letters tonight but as usual there were none for us. We bought two books at the Smiths' store and they lent us one. Mr. Courtright read to me tonight from The Young Pastor.
August, Wednesday, 8, 1866.
I spent a part of this morning sewing, then went up town chiefly for the
mail; there were no letters for us. Then I stopped at Mrs. Vohres a little while
and then returned home. I read until dinner time. After the children fell asleep
I wrote a letter to Aunt Lucy. This evening Mr. Courtright and I went to the
depot to meet our father, as we have been expecting him to make us a visit. But
he did not come then. We were at the office but found no letters there for us. I
called on Mrs. Baker while waiting for the mail.
Thursday, 9.
Have been sewing most of the day. This morning was hardly able to be out of
my bed. Feeling better in the afternoon, I went down to see Mrs. B a little
while. Was quite sick and lay down on her bed a while, then returned home. I
have been reading The Story of Kennet by Bayard Taylor. Am very much interested
in it. We have such pleasant weather for this time of the year. Received a
letter from father this evening. He cannot make us a visit now for he does not
feel well enough to come. This evening I spent in reading. Time passes very
slowly since the baby died.
Friday, 10.
Have not been well again today, but try to accomplish what I can. Have been
reading Ferdinand and Isabella and The Chronicles of Castlegate. This afternoon
Mrs. B came here and remained a while; she persuaded me to go and see her a
while. She said that it would do me good to go out. So I went with her and
called on Mrs. Vohres at the same time. After tea, feeling better, I called on
Mrs. Laird who has been sick. She is much better and she accompanied me home.
She is a very kind, friendly woman. Such friends are not met with often
here.
August, Saturday, 11,1866.
This morning I spent in sewing. In the
afternoon I gave it up, being very tired, and knit some on my quilt while Mr.
Courtright read to me. The time passed away very pleasantly. The children
enjoyed going out this evening. They seem to be very fond of flowers; when they
cannot get them, they will pull the weeds that they find in the yard. They ask
me about dear little Callie often, but do not seem to miss him as we thought
they would. But they were not with him much when he was sick.
Sunday, 12.
I enjoyed this Sabbath very much. As I did not feel very well, was quite
undecided as to my duty about attending church this morning. But as we were to
have communion, I concluded to go and enjoyed the services very much. Feeling
much better in the Spirit and body on my return. I committed fifteen verses in
St. John today and read in Winifred Bertram a religious story which interested
me very much This evening the children and I sang "Happy Land" and "I Want To Be
An Angel." Heaven seems nearer and more real since Callie's death.
Monday, 13.
This morning I ripped apart my quilt that I have been knitting. Crocheted it
together again as I found I had made it too narrow. It kept me busy nearly all
day. I had time, though, to knit one more piece for it. It has been raining
since morning, which is very refreshing this time of the year.
FROM FAMILY RECORDS
Calvin Whitfield Courtright b. 15 Nov 1839, d. 17 Dec
1929
Sarah Eliza
Albach
b. 25 May 1843, d. 12 Dec 1931
Married on Dec. 5, 1861
Offspring:
Mary Estella (Stella) | 15 Sep 1862 - 28 July 1964 |
Katherine Louise (Kittie) | 15 Sep 1862 - 28 July 1964 |
John Calvin | 23 Nov 1865 - 5 Aug 1866 |
Sadie | 21 Nov 1866 - 14 Apr 1875 |
Helen (Birdie) | 25 Dec 1867 - 1 Dec 1937 |
Clara | 27 Feb 1869 - 11 July 1869 |
Alice Bertha | 16 Nov 1870 - ? 1959 |
Mabel | 6 May 1874 - 16 June 1922 |
Charles Hodge | 17 Feb 1873 - ? Jan 1941 |
Nellie | 15 Nov 1875 - 26 June 1876 |
Gertrude Sophia | 15 Mar 1877 - 18 Apr 1944 |
Frederick W | 2 Apr 1878 - 1 June 1955 |
Robert Morris | 4 May 1879 - 16 June 1961 |
Dana | 24 Sep 1882 - ? |
Elizabeth Root | 24 Feb 1886 - 26 July 1941 |
A FEW EXPLANATORY NOTES:
Monday, June 11: Calvin was absent and in another town for 17 out of the 64 days of this diary. Though Rev. Wm. Harris, archivist of Princeton Theological Seminary, says there are no records of students' summer employment of that year, the diary says that he left and returned on the train and that he was doing some kind of work. It is possible that he was "practice preaching" and learning about the daily chores of a Presbyterian minister through an internship. Rev. Harris says these would include, "...how to call on the sick; how to win members into the church; the practical matters regarding the baptism of infants, the conduct of funerals, counseling and conduct of marriage; and what to talk about and how to act when making pastoral calls."
Tuesday, June 12: Rev. Harris located the Courtrights' Princeton residence. He says, "According to the list showing the addresses of the student body published each year, the Courtrights lived on Canal Street, which today is called Alexander Street. This is the street which ran from the Canal office on Mercer Street some two miles to the canal. It was lined on either side with humble homes of local artisans and canal workers. Those humble homes today are much prized because of their lovely Federal-style architecture."
Wednesday, June 27: Sarah's father, James R. Albach, was the publisher of Annals of the West, 1847. He is buried in Oxford, Ohio, and his death date is recorded as 4/20/1865, a year before this diary was written. We must conclude that "Father" in this diary is Calvin's father, John Jacob Courtright, who, according to Sarah's obituary in the Oakland Glenview News Monthly, January, 1932, financed his son's education at Princeton.
Sunday, July 1: The Reverend Mr. Hodge was the son of a much beloved minister, noted for his practical sermons at the Seminary, according to Rev. Wm. Harris.
Saturday, July 7: It was the custom of Presbyterians of this time not to cook on Sunday, but to prepare the Sabbath food on Saturday, a risky custom since the weather was very hot in summer and refrigeration was nearly non-existent. There are so many references to each family member being sick in this short diary that it seems possible that food spoilage was sometimes the cause. However, we should also remember that Sarah was in her second trimester of pregnancy and may often have had morning sickness.
Sunday, July 8: Rev. Harris says, "That church still exists. It is the Witherspoon Street Presbyterian Church which was founded in 1840 for the large number of African Americans who, while members of the First Presbyterian Church, desired to have their own church. It has always been a strong congregation."
Tuesday, July 10: Sarah's sisters, Mary and Kittie, also attended the Female Institute in Oxford, Ohio.
Saturday, July 21: Rev. Harris suggests that, since there were no doctors of medicine practicing in Princeton at this time, the doctor mentioned in this entry is most likely their neighbor, the Rev. Dr. William Henry Green. It was not uncommon for a doctor of divinity to include ministering to the sick as one of his responsibilities. He says, "There is a tradition of men of the cloth giving medical advice. John Wesley published a very popular paperback in 18th Century England on practical medicine and ministers often had read books on household medical advice, the contents of which they passed along to poor and inexperienced people. There were no strict standards of medical practice as we have today."
References: Princeton Architecture: A Pictorial History of Town and Campus;
C.M. Greiff; Princeton Univ. Press, 1967 A History of Princeton and its
Institutions, Vol. 1 & 2, J.F. Hageman; Lippincott, 1879 The text of Sarah
Courtright's Diary, without notes, illustrations or photos, is registered in the
United States Copyright Office at the Library of Congress, #TXu 977-503;
7/10/00
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The Reverend Wm. Harris, Librarian of Princeton Theological Seminary's Archives and Special Collections, has provided enormous assistance by explaining customs of the day, recommending resources, researching Calvin's records, and deciphering Sarah's handwriting. He recommended old and new books for me to research, sent me maps of early and present day Princeton and helped me make sense of many entries. I cannot thank him enough for his interest and enthusiasm for my project.
Ms. Marisa Morigi, Registrar of the Historical Society of Princeton, New Jersey, sent me many photos of the Princeton depots that were so important to Sarah and her family.
Ms. Valerie E. Elliott, Head of the Smith Library of Regional History in Oxford, Ohio unearthed Albach family records and sent me photos of old Oxford. She was extremely kind and helpful.
Robert Schmidt of the Miami University Archives in Oxford researched Calvin and Sarah's school records and those of Sarah's sisters. He found the beautiful photo of newly married Sarah and Calvin and made sure I got good prints and negatives.
Aunts Marjorie Simonds Andrews and Eleanor Simonds Leonard saved articles, family documents, photos and memories that contributed to our family archive of information about the Courtrights. Their sister, my mother, Katherine Simonds Wensberg preserved photos and Sarah's original diary through many changes of address. Without their thoughtfulness we would not have known what lay in Sarah's heart in that fateful year of 1866.
Erik D. Wensberg, my brother and Calvin and Sarah's great grandson, patiently counseled me on the editing of this diary. He recommended that I correct some spelling, add a few words in brackets where it helped to make better sense, but always to preserve Sarah's clear, passionate voice. His respect and support for my work gave me hope that one day I'd be able to share that voice with my family.