Saskatchewan Gen Web Project - SGW - Métis Saskatchewan Genealogy Roots

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Métis - Saskatchewan Genealogy Roots

Métis

2010 is the Year of the Métis. Métis Nation History commemorates 2010 Year of the Métis Nation Anniversary. Historical news articles and photos of provincial and federal heritage sites relating to the Northwest resistance. If you have stories, poems, biographies or reflections to share about the 1885 Riel or Northwest Resistance or it places, times and people please email

The Métis were also called mixed, bois-brûle, chicot, half-breed, country born and mixed blood. Michif is a Métis language which uses 'Cree' verbs and French nouns. Nehipwat is a word meaning Cree and Assiniboine from Nehiyaw (Cree) and pwat (Siouan).

The North West company (1760-1821) (also called the XY company) headed in Montreal, Quebec by Scottish Directors used French Canadians for canoeman, the French courer commonly called engagés and voyageurs. The British ran the Hudson Bay Company (1670-1870) from its head office in England. In Northern Saskatchewan, the first fur trading posts arose were built close to the fur trade. Some Métis communities in North West Saskatchewan in the Lloydminster Gen Web Region were Ile à la Crosse, Buffalo Narrows, Lake Athabasca, Delmas, Beauval, Cochin, Delmas, Frenchman's Butte, La Loche, Green Lake, Montreal Lake, Bapaume. Prince Albert Gen Web Region in North East Saskatchewan developed Métis communities at Cumberland House, La Ronge, St. Louis, and Sandy Bay.

From this fur-trading era (1780-1830), a new distinct ethnoculture arose called the Métis which were families of Frenchmen who wed "à la façon du pays" native women mainly those of the 'Ojibwa'. Surnames would change to show the mixed blood marriage and the mother's heritage, the name MACKAY, for instance would change to MACAILLE . In the Red River Colony area were Cree, Ojibway, French and English. Hivernants were winterers who would seasonally leave their Red River Valley homes to be nearer the buffalo and then return. The Métis had settled in seignioral fashion along the Saskatchewan river front with long narrow strips expanding away from the river as the family size increased. The Red River Colony was on the St. Lawrence- Great Lakes- Saskatchewan River Route and was a major fur trading center for the North West company (1760-1821). When the Earl of Selkirk brought Scottish and Northern Irish settlers to the Red River Colony in 1812, there was resistance by the already established Métis. By 1817, a treaty was signed, and Métis, settlers and Hudson Bay Company retirees lived in the Red River Colony till the signing of the Manitoba Act of 1870. In 1821, the administration districts of the Northwest Company and the Hudson Bay Company are merged into the Hudson Bay Company. More settlers arrived to the Red River colony in 1850.

In 1857 the Dominion Government awarded 50 acres (20 hectares) of land to any male who would cut tribal ties and cease to be an indian. Aboriginal women who married non indian men could no longer live on reserve land as of 1869. Children and women lost status. However, a non-indian woman who married an aboriginal male obtained Indian status and both women and the families children could live on the reserve. Louis Riel established a provisional government in 1869-1870 in Red River to assist in Métis land claims. Surveyors came along in 1869 marking out square 6 mile by 6 mile townships which were divided into quarter sections on land already held by the Métis. There was no more Rupert's land in 1870, the area was now divided into the newly formed Province of Manitoba (which did not extend as far north as the present day province of Manitoba) and into the North West Territories with its divisions called provisional districts.

The Manitoba Act signed May 12, 1875 awarded 1,400,000 acres (567,000 hectares) for Métis and half-breeds in the form of "half breed scrip". Only 600,000 acres (243,000 hectares) were actually given out.

From 1835-1890 the Métis left the Red River Settlement. Wood Mountain, Moose Jaw Gen Web region, became the new home of 40 families who left St. François Xavier and Pembina in 1869. St. François Xavier Métis also left to the Battleford area in 1869 following the vanishing buffalo herds. There were those who claimed half breed scrip in the South Saskatchewan River Valley and formed settlement places of Duck Lake, St. Laurent (now called St.Laurent-Grandin), St. Louis de Langevin, Batoche and nearby Domremy in the provisional district of Saskatchewan, North West Territories. 187 St. François Xavier Parish Métis left the Red River Colony in 1870 for this area along the South Saskatchewan River. Before 1870 only 30 of this parish had departed. (These areas are in the Saskatoon Region Gen Web Region pages) As well Métis moved south to the U.S.A. and further west to Fort Edmonton. St. Andrews Parish Métis, Red River Colony moved to Victoria, and Saskatchewan River Forks area (Kindersley Gen Web Region). In the Swift Current Gen Web Region, Chimney Coulee near Eastend, Saskatchewan was so named for the chimneys which remained from Métis cabins which were built in the late 1800's. Touchwood Hills and Lebret were two Métis setlements of the Yorkton Gen Web Region. A little further north Métis settled at Perigord (Kamsack Gen Web Region ) Métis left St. Boniface parish, Red River Colony before 1870 which was 12.5% of the parish. Only 7% of the new province of Manitoba remained Métis, 80% of the Métis migrated elsewhere. See also French-Saskatchewan and Canadian-Saskatchewan web pages.

The Dominion Government passed the Dominion Land Act of 1872 which offered a quarter section or 160 acres of land for homesteaders for a $10.00 application fee. It was decided by the Dominion Govenment in 1867 that first nations people could not apply for homestead grants. By 1884, the quarter section surveyors came further west arriving at the Métis land lots along the South Saskatchewan River in the Saskatchewan provisional district of the North West Territories. To compound the matter further, the land titles agents at the office in Prince Albert did not speak French. By the time the Métis returned to their river lots from the land titles office, there may be a squatter on the land. Louis Riel and Gabriel Dumont came forward on behalf of the Métis plight, now arising for the second time. The North West Rebellion of 1885 which ensued became the first Canadian 'national' issue. The rebellion was at once a dividing and unifying agent of Canada. Canada was made up of French speaking Nova Scotians, French Canadian Quebeçois, Anglophone Manitoba and Ontario residents, and in New Brunswick this meant the French from Acadie, and the Anglophone: English (from England and New England) and Irish who all became aware of western Canada and of Canada as a nation. The bi-racial, bi-cultural agreement of Canada's confederacy of 1867 came to notice with this rebellion, Métis or Canadian, a polarization of heritage. See also Batoche and Sask Gen Web Resources: War



In 1952, the government settled indian and Métis at Green Lake, Saskatchewan in a co-operative farming venture.

Source | Bibliography | Ethnic origins and History | Top | Resources | Sask Gen Web

Links

1901 Census French English Translations

Archives Search - Library and Archives Canada >> Dominion Lands Branch Records >> North-West Territories Métis scrip applications

Atlas of Saskatchewan French and Francophone Métis Bloc Settlements: Ethnic Bloc Settlements 1850s-1990s Map

Aboriginal Connections: An Indigenous Peoples Web Directory

Aboriginal Links Canada and U.S. (Bill's Aboriginal Links)

Aboriginal Peoples - Guide to the Records of the Government of Canada National Archives

Aboriginal Peoples- National Archives

An Introduction to Genealogical Research for Aboriginal People What is an "Aboriginal Person"" Determining Indian Status Determining Métis Ancestry A Genealogical Guide To the Provincial Archives of Manitoba

Back To Batoche Trail RideBoards > Topics > Ethnic / Race > Native American > Nations > Metis > Metis

Boards > Topics > Ethnic / Race > Native American > Nations > Metis

Canadian Directory of First Nation, Métis, and Inuit Library Collections

Canadian Genealogy Center - Métis

Cyndi's List - Native American

Early Métis History 1600-1699

Fournier, Noël Biographysubmitted by Denise Pelletier

French Canadian Surname Sites - "All French-Canadians are related as they are descended from about 2.500 people. "

Fur Trade ... The Hudson's Bay and NorthWest Companies.

Resource: The Genealogy of the First Metis Nation
Look up Volunteers: Raleigh OR Andre Paul

The Genealogy of the First Metis Nation -- The development and dispersal of the RedRiver Settlement 1820-1900 (covers many family names that migrated to Saskatchewan and area.) The métis left the Red River Settlement of Manitoba to the area of DuckLake, , Batoche,  St. Laurent (now called St.Laurent-Grandin), St. Louis de Langevin,and nearby Domremy in the provisional district of Saskachewan, North West Territories (These areas are in the Saskatoon Region Gen Web Region pages ).The French "Boucher's settlement" of Manitoba moved to St. Louis of the Prince Albert Gen Web Region  St. Andrews Parish Métis, Red River Colony moved Saskatchewan River Forks area (Kindersley Gen Web Region).

Maquah.netsubmission by Clara

Généalogie des familles francophones établies en Saskatchewan: Projets GenWeb du Saskatchewan

Library and Archives Canada LAC Introduction to Métis Srip Records NOTE These records are now available in Archives Search.

Mailing List: Métis: Discussions for Métis descendants. To subscribe mail to list mode subscribe to subscribe to digest mode subscribe

Mailing List: METISGEN. Discussions for Métis descendants. To subscribe to list mode subscribe, and to subscribe to digest mode subscribe

Mailing List: METISGEN-L
*--A mailing list for the discussion and sharing of information regarding the Metis and their descendants. The Metis are North America's Fur Trading Children ... the new nation of individuals born within North America from the first unions of natives and whites.

Glenbow Museum and Archives, Métis genealogy

Great Plains Indians & Metis Genealogy Query Board

Héritage Portal Manitoba and Red River Census returns 1 digitized microfilm reel
"...This collection consists of records from the 1870 Manitoba census and census returns from Red River between 1831 and 1870. Most records prior to 1825 simply indicate heads of households. The 1825 census indicates the head of the household, the number of persons living in each household, age groups, and marital status. The census for 1842, 1851, and 1861 answer essentially the same questions but in greater detail and give information pertaining to houses occupied, number of buildings, types of housing, property ownership, land occupied, place of birth, age, sex, marital status, infirmities, religion, occupation or profession, education, agricultural crops, farm animals and their products, taverns or houses of public entertainment, stores where spirituous liquors were sold, mills, manufacturers, distilleries, and wages paid to individuals. From 1851 on, all persons, not just heads of households, were enumerated, and an agricultural census was compiled separately. "

Héritage Portal Kipling collection 1 digitized microfilm reel
"..Clarence Kipling (1933 - 2001) of Calgary, Alberta, being of Red River Métis descent, undertook a genealogical study of the Red River Settlement in Manitoba as a centennial project in 1967. The main sources used in the study were the 1870 Manitoba census returns and the parish registers of Red River churches. Additional sources included other census returns and parish records, published diaries and Métis scrip records, as well as family traditions, personal testimony, biographical studies, books and articles from magazines and newspapers...This collection consists of a card index prepared from the parish registers of the Red River Settlement between 1820 to 1884.This collection is in English. "

Héritage Portal Department of the Interior, Dominion Lands Branch : Métis and original White settlers affidavits 9 digitized microfilm reels
"...This collection consists of affidavits by Métis children in support of their claim to participate in the special 1.4 million-acre land grant...In each case, the affidavits give the name of the claimant, date of birth, parents' names, parish affiliation, affidavit number, and claim number. The records are filed alphabetically. . . "

Héritage Portal Minutes of the Council of Assiniboia 1 digitized microfilm reel
"...The District of Assiniboia was a name used to describe the Red River Colony, mainly for official purposes, between 1812 and 1869....This collection consists of minutes of the meetings of the governor and council of the District of Assiniboia in Rupert's Land from 1832 to 1861. . . "

Métis culture and heritage resource board

Métis History Métis Culture 1886-1899

Métis Families

Métis Family: What is a dit name" Naming considerations

Métis Genealogy resource centre

The Métis Man

Métis Genealogical Research Services

“Métis Genealogy on the Prairies” Presented by Tammy Vallee Forum: The Journal of the Saskatchewan Library Association (ISSN 1918-6746)

Glenbow Library and ArchivesResources For Genealogy

Métis Nation History commemorates 2010 Year of the Métis Nation Anniversary.

The Métis Nation - Saskatchewan

TMetis Nation of Saskatchewan Genealogical Centre - SCAA

Métis Scrip Library and Archives Canada Blog

Métis Scrip Records - National Archives Archivia Net

Métis Scrip Our Legacy - University of Saskatchewan Archives, University of Saskatchewan Library, and Pahkisimon Nuye"ah Library System

Métis Scrip - Saskatchewan Homestead Index Project (SHIP)

Métis- The Kids' Site of Canadian Settlement - Library and Archives Canada
Ojibwe.info focuses on the genealogy of the Ahnishinahbæótjibway, Ojibwe, and Métis people, especially at Red Lake and White Earth Indian Reservation. The site includes extensive databases, and links to genealogical and historical information at Maquah.net (including treaties, 'negotiation transcripts,' Red Lake and Pembina annuity payrolls, and some tribal enrollment records).submission by Clara

Michif & Metis Cultural Site - Metis/Michif Links from Sask Schools

Our Roots / Nos Racines: The genealogy of the first Metis nation : the development and dispersal of the Red River Settlement, 1820-1900Frye, R. P., Sprague, D. N. (Douglas N.)

The Queen vs. Louis Riel:accused and convicted of the crime of high treason. Report of trial at Regina.--Appeal to the Court of Queen's bench, Manitoba.--Appeal to the Privy council, England.--Petition for medical examination of the convict.--List of petitions for commutation of sentence, Ottawa (Google eBook) 1886

Répertoire Canadien des ressources documentaires des Prémieres nations des Métis et des Inuits

Saskatchewan Archives Boared Family History Research

Saskatchewan Catholic Church Records has recently been added to the familysearch.org website Catholic parishes and dioceses located in Saskatchewan. Church records. Catholic parishes in Saskatchewan, Canada.. This online archive contains baptisms, confirmations, marriages, burials, and other records from several Roman Catholic parishes created some time between the years 1846-1957. For example Lebret, Ste. Delphine, Green Lake, Onion Lake, Lestock, and other parishes can be searched.

Saskatchewan Church Records Addresses of some of the major denominations in Saskatchewan (FamilySearch)

Saskatchewan Roman Catholic Churches - Online Parish Registers - History

Sask Gen Web Events Posting Red River Settlement Descendants Reunion 2005

Saskatchewan News Index -Top News Stories - Conflict And Struggle - Riel Rebellion

Sask Gen Web - Archive: Information on Métis Scrip Records

»»»See also Aboriginal

»»»See also French Canadians - France

The Virtual Museum of Métis History and Culture

Ethnic origins and History | Top | Resources | Sask Gen Web

To submit new biographies of pioneers with Metis - Saskatchewan Roots.

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