9500
BC |
9500 BC- 5500 BC or 11,500 -
7,500 Years before present. The Paleo
Indian period identifying the Clovis culture of Mammoth hunters. Bison
Antiquus and Bison Occidentalis were hunted by a spear thrower launching a light
stone tipped spear coinciding with drives and jumps. |
  |
5000
BC |
5000BC - 2500BC Antithermal
period high temperatures producing arid conditions which killed off the
Mammoth herds of Bison Antiquus and Bison Occidentalis. The Bison of present
day were the ones which survived after this date |
  |
1000
BC |
1000
BC - 1600 AD Ancient Burial ground: Moose Bay Mound at Crooked Lake
Provincial Park |
  |
1524 |
1524
Giovanni da Verrazzanoan Italian
navigator names all the lands to the west "Nova Franca" |
  |
1529 |
Girolamo da
Verrazzanoan draws a map and
identifies the west as "Nova Gallia" or New Gaul |
  |
1598 |
Mesgouez de La Roche named
Lieutenant Général of the countries of Canada, Terre-Neuve, Labrador and
Norembègue and with this title he has control of the fur trade. |
  |
1600 |
Before 1600's the Gros
Ventre reside south of Lake Winnipeg.
From 1600-1804 they have migrated westward and are now east of the
Missouri Coteau, living in the Touchwood Hills, Allan Hills, Parkland area. |
  |
1600 |
c 1600 Assiniboine (Stoneys)
leave Yanktonai Dakota and settle down in the Saskatchewan River foothills |
  |
1602 |
Aymer de Chaste is Lieutenant General of New France |
  |
1603 |
1603-1635 Samuel de Champlain explores the country
called New France making 12 visits in his quest to find an overland passage. |
  |
1620 |
The
invention of the Flintlock gun was the precursor of the Indian Trade
Gun. |
  |
1627 |
Compagnie de la
Nouvelle-France is formed for
fur-trading. |
  |
1627 |
Company of One Hundred
Associates (Compagnie des Cent Associés) is formed with rights to the western
sources of the St. Lawrence River.
They were to bring back imports to France and settle the whole of New
France. |
  |
1632 |
The Parklands are designated
as " Nation ou il y a quantite de beuffles." "Carte de la nouvell france, augmentee
depuis la derniere, Seruant a la navigation ficte en fon vray Meridien, par
le S'de Champlain Capitaine pour le roy en la Marine, Tequel depuis l'en 1603
jufques en-L'annee 1629. a deScoivert
pluSieurs coStes, terres, lacs, rivieres, et Nations de Sauvages, par cy
deuant incognues, comme il Se voit en
Ses relations quil a fauit Imprime en 1632 ou il Se uoit cette marque ce Sont
habitations qu'ont Saict les Francors. " The Map of North America is
named Nouvell France. |
  |
1635 |
1635-1648 Charles de
Montmagny - Governor General of New France |
  |
1645 |
The Company of One Hundred
Associates transfers its western fur trading rights to the Communauté des
Habitants or Compagnie des Habitants
(the deputies of the habitants of New France) |
  |
1648 |
1648-1651 Louis d'Ailleboust
de Coulonge - Governor General of New France |
  |
1650 |
Pre
1650 The Chipewyan are home north of the Tree Line in the pre-Cambrian shield
area hunters of Caribou. From
1650-1700 they tend to migrate further north towards the Inuit. They are at home on the Cambrian shields
area between Cree and Inuit. |
  |
1651 |
1651-1657 Jean de Lauzon -
Governor General of New France |
  |
1658 |
1658-1661 Le Vicomte
d'Argenson - Governor General of New France |
  |
1659 |
Médard Chouart Des
Groseillers and Pierre-Esprit Radisson go west of Trois-Rivières trade
furs. They meet with British merchants
to lay the beginnings the Hudson's Bay Company |
  |
1660 |
No alcohol could be traded
for furs decreed by Monseigneur de Laval, New France's Bishop. |
  |
1661 |
1661-1663 Le Baron
d'Avaugour - Governor General of New France |
  |
1663 |
1663-1665 Augustin de Mésy -
Governor General of New France |
  |
1664 |
America Septentriona
Lis. Nova Granada in the west and Nov
Fran out west. Nova et accuratissima
totius terrarum orbis tabula. Amsterdam : J. Blaeu, c.1664 |
  |
1664 |
Charter: Etablissement de la
Compagnie des Indes Occidentales, Mai, 1664.
The West Indies Company is control over territories in the Americas
(South America and Africa) that were maintained by France. However,
no civil administration of New France. (France administered to New France,
Louisiana, Acadia, Québec, Trois-Rivières and Montreal) |
  |
1664 |
Dissolution of the
Communauté des Habitants Community of the Inhabitants. Any concessions
regarding the fur trade are done by
the King of France. |
  |
1665 |
1665 1665 Tracy - Governor
General of New France |
  |
1665 |
1665-1668 Jean Talon accepted the position of
"Intendant of justice, policing and finance in Canada, Acadia,
Newfoundland and France's other northern territories" |
  |
1665 |
1665-1672 Daniel de
Courcelle - Governor General of New France |
  |
1668 |
1668- 1669 expedition by
Medard Chouar and Sieur des Groseillers and Pierre Radisson reported to the
Gov. of New France. |
  |
1668 |
Rupert's Land Act |
  |
1668 |
Supreme
Council of New France now allows the sale of beverages to First Nations,
however they are forbidden to become drunk. |
  |
1670 |
1670-1672 Jean Talon's
second term as Intendant in , Acadia, Newfoundland and France's other
northern territories |
  |
1670 |
1670-1682 His Highness
Prince Rupert of Rhine: Governor of Hudson’s Bay Company |
  |
1670 |
A Royal Charter from King
Charles II on May 2, 1670 granted lands of the Hudson Bay watershed namely Rupert's Land. Hudson's Bay Trading Company (Governor and
Company of Adventurers of England trading into Hudson’s Bay) formed, using
the Hudson Bay, Churchill River, North Saskatchewan River as an entry
port. Travel would be by York boat
many of the traders were of Scotish descent. |
  |
1672 |
1672-1682 Louis de Buade,
Comte de Frontenac et de Palluau - Governor General of New France |
  |
1674 |
Charter of 1664 for the West
Indies Company is revoked. |
  |
1682 |
1682-1685 Joseph-Antoine de
LaBarre - Governor General of New France |
  |
1683 |
1683-1685 HRH Prince James,
Duke of York (King James II) : Governor of Hudson’s Bay Company |
  |
1685 |
1685-1689 Le Marquis de
Denonville - Governor General of New France |
  |
1685 |
1685-1692 John, Lord
Churchill (Duke of Marlborough) : Governor of Hudson’s Bay Company |
  |
1685 |
Le Canada et Nouvelle France
are recorded on this 1685-1686 map. "Il est certain qu il y a de
tres-grands Lacs dans ce continent icy, car il y a tant de Sauvages de
deifferentes douter: Ceux des Sioux, des Assinibouells, et des Christinaux
sont deja un peu connus par quelques Francois qui y ont ele: Ils sont scitues
a peu pres comme vous les voyez; mais la Figuren en est pas certaine; et lesr
communications de l'va a l'autre avec lc lac Superieur; sont tres
difficilles, est ans pleines de Saus et de rapides. "Amérique septentrion.lle [i.e.
septentrionale] : composée, corigée, et augmētée, sur les iournaux,
mémoires, et observations les plus justes qui en ón'ìetes.tes en l'année 1685
& 1686, par plusieurs particuliés / par I Baptiste Louis Franquelin,
g[éographe] du Roy. |
  |
1685 |
New
North Wales and New South Wales listed west of Hudsons Bay. The prairies are designated as "Tract
of Land full of Wild Bulls".
North America divided into its III principall [sic] parts. Lea,
Philip, fl. S.l., 1685. |
  |
1689 |
1689-1697 King William's War
fought at Hudson Bay and Acadia for gateways to North America. |
  |
1689 |
1689-1998 Louis de Buade,
Comte de Frontenac et de Palluau - Governor General of New France |
  |
1690 |
Henry Kelsey's mission in
Rupert's Land was to encourage First Nations tribes to trade furs out east
with the HBC trading post at York Factor.
Henry Kelsey, the 'discoverer of the Canadian Prairies' had traveled
as far as the Touchwood Hills. |
  |
1692 |
1692-1696 Sir Stephen Evans
: Governor of Hudson’s Bay Company |
  |
1696 |
1696-1700 Rt Hon Sir William
Trumbull : Governor of Hudson’s Bay Company |
  |
1697 |
Peace of Ryswick ends King
William's War. |
  |
1698 |
1698-1703 Hector de Callière
- Governor General of New France |
  |
1700 |
1700-1712 Sir Stephen Evans
: Governor of Hudson’s Bay Company |
  |
1700 |
1700-1760
The Blackfoot are residing in the The Bear Hills area, south of Thickwood
Hills, and west of the Missouri
Coteau. |
  |
1700 |
1700-1810 After 1700, Cree
have arrived west in Rupert's Land, being pulled by the results of trading in
furs which are still plentiful out west..
The Woodlands Cree are north of the Tree Line, the Plains Cree are defined
as living in the parklands south of the Tree line and north of the Cypress Hills, Badlands area. The Cree Kristinaux have entered
'Saskatchewan' area by way of Saskatchewan river in the north and by way of
the Assiniboine River to the South |
  |
1702 |
1702-1713 Queen Anne's War
war or War of Spanish Succession between France and England in the new
colonies, this war fought in the east. |
  |
1703 |
1703-1725 Philippe de
Vaudreuil - Governor General of New France |
  |
1704 |
Canada
and Nouveau France are depicted as the area of the eastern coast extending
north and west past Hudson Bay and westward to the central American mountain
range where the land becomes Nouveau Mexique. 704, L'Amerique septentrionale,
ou la Partie Septentrionale des Indes Occidentales ou se trouve le Canada ou
Noulle France... Paris, 1704. Jean Baptiste Nolin. |
  |
1710 |
Canada: New Francia, and Les
Plains are recorded. Tabula Mexicae et
Floridae : terrarum Anglicarum, et anteriorum Americae insularum, item
cursuum et circuituum fluminis Mississipi dicti. Amstel. [Amsterdam] : P. Schenck,
c. 1710 |
  |
1712 |
1712-1743 Sir Bibye Lake,
Bart: Governor of Hudson’s Bay Company |
  |
1713 |
The Treaty of Utrecht signed
to end Queen Anne's War 1702-1713
granted Hudson Bay to the British and new boundary lines on North
America. |
  |
1720 |
1720-1780 The Blackfoot are
expanding their territory pushing westward encompassing Cypress Hills, The
Great Sand Hills, Wood Mountain areas. |
  |
1720 |
In the present day area of
Saskatchewan this map records the area as "Morasses and Brooken
Land". A new map of the north
parts of America claimed by France under ye names of Louisiana, Mississipi
[i.e. Mississippi], Canada, and New France with ye adjoining territories of
England and Spain : to Thomas Bromsall, esq., this map of Louisiana,
Mississipi [i.e. Mississippi] & c. is most humbly dedicated, H. Moll,
geographer / laid down according to the newest and most exact observations by
H. Moll, geographer, 1720. |
  |
1725 |
1725-1726 Longueuil -
Governor General of New France |
  |
1726 |
1726-1747 Charles de la
Boische, Marquis de Beauharnois - Governor General of New France |
  |
1740 |
1740-1748 War of Austrian
Succession or King George's War between France and Britain. |
  |
1740 |
About 1740 the Blackfoot of
the Cypress Hills area are starting to use horses. |
  |
1741 |
1741-1743 François La
Vérendrye traveled the North Saskatchewan River erecting a small fort at the
Pas (Fort Pasquia). He may even have
reached the Forks where North and South Saskatchewan River branch.
|
  |
1743 |
1743-1746 Benjamin Pitt:
Governor of Hudson’s Bay Company |
  |
1743 |
Jacques Nicolas Bellin has
noted that "L'Existance du ces deux grands Lacs est tres
incertains. Assiboels are west of Cris
ou Cristnaux. The area now known as
Canada is designated as Nouvelle France.
'Montagne de Pierros Brillantes' is the designation given to Cypress
Hills west of 'Fleuve de L'Ouest' and
'Lac Ouinipigon'. It is the
area described as "Ici Suivant le raport des sauvages Commence le Flux
et reflux. Carte de l'Amerique
septentrionale pour servir à l'histoire de la Nouvelle France / dressée par
N.B., ing. du roy, et hydrog. de la marine. |
  |
1744 |
Afsinibouels of the Woods N.
and Afsinibouels of the Meadows N are shown to the west of Little lake
Ouinipique. Cris or Cristinaux N are
East of L. Ouinipique. Vieux Hommes
Nation (Old Men Nation) and Nation de Beaux Hommes (Nation of Beautiful Men)
are west of the Afsinibouels. A new
Map of Part of North America From the Latitude of 40 to 68 degrees including
the late discoveries made on board the Furnace Bomb Ketch in 1742 and the
Western Rivers and Lakes falling into
Nelson River in Hudson's Bay as described by Joseph La France a French
Canadese Indian who Travailed thro those countries and Lakes for 3 years from
1739 to 1742. |
  |
1746 |
1746-1750 Thomas Knapp:
Governor of Hudson’s Bay Company |
  |
1747 |
1747-1749 Le Comte de la
Galissonnière - Governor General of New France |
  |
1748 |
Peace of
Aix-la-Chapelle. France recovers area
of America. |
  |
1749 |
1749-1752 Le Marquis de la
Jonquière - Governor General of New France |
  |
1750 |
1750-1760 Sir Atwell lake,
Bart.: Governor of Hudson’s Bay Company |
  |
1750 |
By the mid 1750's the
Mackinaw gun, Hudson's Bay fuke, or
the North West gun was of a design made specifically for the fur trade. |
  |
1750 |
Plains and Woodlands Cree
are now introduced to the use of horses. |
  |
1751 |
Fort la Jonquiere; French
post at the forks of the North and South Saskatchewan Rivers. |
  |
1752 |
1752-1755 Le Marquis de
Duquesne - Governor General of New France |
  |
1753 |
French based trading post
Fort à la Corne by Captain Louis Luc de la Corne who experimented growing
crops. (near present day Melfort) |
  |
1754 |
Anthony Henday Hudson Bay Company trader
arrived at Fort Saint-Louis, ( Fort à la Corne), just to the east of present
day Prince Albert. He noted that the
First Nations were already trading with the French traders, and were stocked
with European goods already.
"Journal of a Journey performed by Anthony Henday to explore the
country and to endeavour to increase the Hudson Bay Company's trade AD
1754-1755" |
  |
1755 |
1755-1763 Pierre de
Vaudreuil - Governor General of New France |
  |
1755 |
Grandes Prairies and
Cristinaux des Lacs are west of Cypress Hills are Montagne de bierre
brilliante suivant le rapport des sauvages . Pais des Assiniboiles are north
of the Riv. des Assiniboiles qu'on peut ce sire aller a la Mer de l'Oest. The
Saskatchewan River is identified as: Petite riviere de l'eau trouble (small
river of turbid water) and Riviere de l'eau trouble To the north west
"on ignore si dans cette partie ce sont des terres ou la mer" (one
is unaware of if in this part they are grounds or the sea) Further west
"On n'a aucune connoissance de cos partios "Carte de L'Amerique Septentrionale
Depuis le 28 Degre de Latitude jusqu'au 72.
Par M. Bellin Ingenieur de la Marine et du Dpost des Plans, Censeur
Royal, de l'Academie de Marine et de la Societe Royale de Londres. Avec une Description Geographique de cette
Partie de l'Amerique. |
  |
1756 |
1756-1763 Seven Years War
fought on 3 continents - a battle for New France or Nouveau France. |
  |
1760 |
1760-1770 Sir William Baker:
Governor of Hudson’s Bay Company |
  |
1760 |
Battle of the Plains of
Abraham. |
  |
1760 |
Three main traders: Michilimackinac traders; Montreal merchants; and the Hudson's Bay Company.. |
  |
1760 |
This map shows Assiniboels
of the North and South spanning the Meadows.
Kris named also Christinaux and Killinstin's. Louisiana is to the south. 1760, A map of Canada and the North Part of
Louisiana with the Adjacent Countrys. London, 1760. Thomas Jefferys. |
  |
1763 |
1763-1766 James Murray -
Governor General of British North America |
  |
1763 |
Proclamation of 1763
restores civil government from military government and establishes Quebec
boundaries which extend to include the Northwest and lands held by H.B.C. |
  |
1763 |
Treaty of Paris signed
ending Seven Years War, New France falls to the British. |
  |
1766 |
1766-1778 Sir Guy Carleton -
Governor General of British North America |
  |
1767 |
LeBlanc's House on the
Paskoyac (Saskatchewan river) |
  |
1770 |
1770-1782 Bibye Lake:
Governor of Hudson’s Bay Company |
  |
1770 |
The Assiniboine of the
eastern plains starting to use horses. |
  |
1772 |
Matthew Cocking spent a year
living with the Blackfoot (Archithimie Indian) on the western plains and also
reported that independent Traders from Montreal were out west. |
  |
1774 |
Cumberland House built by
Samuel Hearne of the Hudson Bay company, first trading post to the prairies. |
  |
1774 |
Quebec Act. Quebec is bascially all of Canada at this
time. |
  |
1775 |
American Revolution |
  |
1775 |
Ile-a-la-Crosse trading post
established by Frobisher brothers of the Hudson Bay Company. Cumberland House managed by Matthew
Cocking. Beaver Lake House is an
independent trading post built north of Cumberland House. |
  |
1775 |
Primeau's house north of
Isle a la Crosse. |
  |
1776 |
1776-1777 Smallpox epidemic |
  |
1778 |
1778-1778 Frederick
Haldimand - Governor General of British North America |
  |
1778 |
1778-1786 Sir Guy Carleton,
Lord Dorchester - Governor General of British North America |
  |
1778 |
Peter Pond erects trading
post |
  |
1779 |
1779-1783 Smallpox epidemic |
  |
1780 |
1780-1800 The Blackfoot are
now residing mainly south of the medicine line, and further west past the 4th
meridian. |
  |
1781 |
Matthew
Cocking becomes the commander at HBC's York Factory post |
  |
1782 |
1782-1799 Samuel Wegg:
Governor of Hudson’s Bay Company |
  |
1783 |
1783-1784 Simon McTavish
together with Montreal merchants
created the North West Company.
Frenchman's House of Trade is called Pagua-Mistagushewuk
Whiskeheginish. |
  |
1783 |
Treaty
of Versailles establishes a new boundary between U.S. and Canada. |
  |
1784 |
Edward Umfreville and NW
Company traders establish Umfreville House on the North Saskatchewan River. |
  |
1785 |
Assiniboils Lake north of
English House. Poshwear River South of
Ft. Pond 1776-1777- Assabena River is
north of 3 Sugar loaf Mounts and south of Minnetopor Lake (near Little Winnepeck
L. and Winnepeck L.) Fort Pond 1782 is
west of Fort Pond 1781 which is west of Fort Forbiser 1771. Fort Forbisher is north of Cumberland
House. between Beaver Lake and Carrot River.
Hudson's Bay Country by P. Pond |
  |
1786 |
1786-1808 Robert Prescott -
Governor General of British North America |
  |
1787 |
A partner of the North West
Company, Robert Grant, builds Fort
Espérance a pemmican provision post |
  |
1789 |
1789-1793 Alexander McKenzie
leaves Fort Chipewyan at Lake Athabasca and explores north. |
  |
1791 |
Peter
Fidler winters with the Dene near Great Slave Lake. |
  |
1791 |
Robert Grant builds Riviere
Tremblante (Grant's House) on the Assiniboine River. |
  |
1792 |
Peter Fidler makes
expedition navigating the North Saskatchewan River mapping the river route. |
  |
1793 |
Battle of South Brand House
The Gros Ventre Band is wiped out by Cree |
  |
1793 |
Marlboro House operated by
the Hudson Bay Company is built. |
  |
1794 |
Jay's Treaty of 1794. The U.S. Canada border is still under
discussion and a joint commission is set up. |
  |
1795 |
1795-1798 Hudson Bay Company
establishes Albany House |
  |
1795 |
Fort Chepawyan on
Athapwescow Lake. Grants Ho, Marlboro
Ho., Albany Ho., Carlton Ho., Hudfons Houf on the Saskashawan R., South
Branch Ho , Cumberland Ho. It depicts Assinpoils or Stone Indians near Called
or Qu'Appelle R. Cree Indians on the
parklands. R. of Log da Plonge, La le
Crofs, and La Le Cross Lake (Min rus-tick-a Pck-aha-twan). Assineboines are shown to the west of the
Assinipoils. To the south of
Manchefter Houfe are Blackfoot Indian.
A map exhibiting all the new discoveries in the interior parts of
North America / inscribed by permission to the honorable governor and company
of adventurers of England trading into Hudsons Bay in testimony of their
liberal communications to their most obedient and very humble servant A.
Arrowsmith, January 1st 1795. |
  |
1795 |
James Mackenzie North West
Company clerk of Athabaska department from 1795 to 1806 where he kept an
Athabaska journal of 1799-1800 published in
Bourgeois de la Compagnie du Nord-Ouest, Vol. II (1890). |
  |
1795 |
North and West of L. Oenepig
is "Possession Espagnole" There are marked Hyvernement de 1787 and
hyvernement de 1786 pour les anglais par Mag:Kay on R. oupas. The upper
Mississippi and Missouri Map by M. Soulard, 1795. |
  |
1798 |
David
Thompson canoed North Saskatchewan River extensively, mapping the area and
noting locations of North West Company forts |
  |
1798 |
XY trading company formed by
Forsyth, Richardson and Co. |
  |
1799 |
1799-1807 Sir James Winter
Lake, Bart.: Governor of Hudson’s Bay Company |
  |
1800 |
1800 Pre 1800, the
Assiniboine were further east Pasquia Hills, Lake Winnipeg area all the way
to just west of the Great Lakes.
1800-1820 they merge with the Plains Cree on the parklands, south of
the tree line, and east of the Missouri Coteau. |
  |
1800 |
1800-1840 The Saulteaux or
Ojibwe, an eastern coast first nation, were mainly settled in Upper and Lower
Canada and Atlantic Ocean coast pre
1800. c1800, there was a westerly movement to Rupert's Land as far
inland as the Pasquia Hills, South
Saskatchewan River - North Saskatchewan River fork. |
  |
1800 |
1800-c1870 Use of oxen or
horse, wood plows. Sowing of seed done
by hand. Cultivation was done by
hoe, Cutting of hay and grain by
cradle scythe or sickle. Threshing
done by hand flail and winnowing of grain done by hand. Wooden Rakes, and homemade harrows were in
use before c1824 |
  |
1800 |
Hudson Bay, North West and
independent trading companies were established at Chesterfield House. |
  |
1802 |
Red River Cart is invented;
in use till after the Riel Rebellion of 1885, there were many trails across
the prairies, many of them following trails of the great bison herds. |
  |
1804 |
1804-1815 Gros Ventres move
out of the parklands and cluster around Cypress Hills, Great Sand Hills area. |
  |
1804 |
XY company amalgamates with
the North West Company |
  |
1805 |
Just
south of Afsinnibois R is "A tribe of Afsiniboins called Gene de Fe 100
tents 250 Men." Further west near
the White River (ok-pah-ah-zhah) are the "Afsinniboins a tribe of the
Big Devils" The "Knifteneaus
Chriftenas" 60 men are west of
Maniteaubas Lake.
"Knifeneaux Indians 240 men" are between WY Trading Eflak't
and South Branch Ho. Stone Indians 200
men are west of Hudfons Ho.Knifteneaux 200 Men are near Manchester Ho. To the
north are Stone Indians or Afsinniboins 400 men. "Pine Yland is west of "Fort de
Prairs Cumberland Ho." A map of
part of the continent of North America : between the 35th and 51st degrees of
north latitude, and extending from 890 degrees of west longitude to the
Pacific Ocean compiled from the
authorities of the best informed travellers by M. Lewis ; copied by Nicholas
King, 1805. |
  |
1807 |
1807 1812 William Mainwaring
Governor of Hudson's Bay CompanyGovernor of Hudson's Bay Company |
  |
1807 |
1807-1810 Pierre de Rastel
de Rocheblave was member of the Beaver Club in the Athabasca department |
  |
1807 |
1807-1812 William Mainwarin
: Governor of Hudson’s Bay Company |
  |
1807 |
1812-1815 War of 1812.
Second War of Independence |
  |
1807 |
David thompson starts from
Rocky Mountain House on North Saskatchewan River and Traverses west to
British Columbia. |
  |
1808 |
1808-1811 Sir James Craig -
Governor General of British North America |
  |
1810 |
1810-1814 William Auld
Superintendent of the Northern Department of HBC (Rupert's Land) |
  |
1810 |
Black Foot Indians and Fall
Indians are located between Buckingham H (Saskashawan R) and Chesterfield H
(on South Branch). Manchester H and Hudson H are just west of Buckingham H. To the south is Missouri territory formerly
called Louisiana. "Missouri territory formerly Louisiana." by
Matthew Carey
|
  |
1811 |
1811-1815 Sir George Prevost
- Governor General of British North America |
  |
1811 |
The area of
Knistineaux. Ft. Chepawyan, Somerset
Ho, Manchester Ho, Cumberland Ho, Branch Ho, Carlton House are those listed
of the present day 'Saskatchewan' area. A new map of North America from the
latest authorities / by John Cary, engraver. |
  |
1812 |
1812-1822 Joseph Berens Jr.
: Governor of Hudson’s Bay Company |
  |
1812 |
Rev James Evans invents the
Cree Syllabic system. |
  |
1812 |
Selkirk Settlement which
became known as the Red River colony is established with Scottish folk Lord
Selkirk was granted 116,000 square miles of land along the Red River and
Assiniboine River. Kamsack and Sturgis
are two present day communities located on the Assiniboine River and help to
define the South Western portion of this region as a part of the Red River
Colony. |
  |
1814 |
1814-1815 Thomas Thomas
Superintendent of the Northern Department of HBC (Rupert's Land) |
  |
1814 |
Treaty of Ghent ends the War
of 1812 between United States and Great Britain establishes a boundary
commission to settle boundary disputes between the Northwest Territory and
U.S.A. |
  |
1815 |
1815-1816 Drummond -
Governor General of British North America |
  |
1815 |
1815-1816 Robert Semple
Governor of HBC (Rupert's Land) |
  |
1815 |
Gros Ventres are migrating
south past the 49th Parallel to the U.S.A. |
  |
1816 |
1816-1818 James Bird
Governor of HBC (Rupert's Land) |
  |
1816 |
1816-1818 Sir John Coape
Sherbrooke - Governor General of British North America |
  |
1817 |
Battle of Seven Oakes. |
  |
1818 |
1818-1820 Charles Lennox,
4th Duke of Richmond - Governor General of British North America |
  |
1818 |
1818-1821 William Williams
Governor of HBC (Rupert's Land) |
  |
1818 |
A
convention with the United Kingdom and U.S, establishes the boundary in the
plains between Louisiana and Rupert's Land as the 49th parallel. |
  |
1819 |
1819-1822
Sir John Franklin leads an expedition overland from the Hudson Bay to Arctic
Ocean trying to find a northwest passage.
He publishes Narrative of a Journey to the Shores of the Polar Sea, in
the Years 1819, 20, 21 and 22 |
  |
1820 |
1820-1828 George Ramsay, 9th
Earl of Dalhousie-Governor General of British North America |
  |
1820 |
1820-1832
George Simpson is Governor of the Hudson Bay Company A reprint in 1938 is
made of "George Simpson's Journal of Occurances in the Athabaska
Department and Report 1820-21". Toronto: Champlain Society for the
Hudson's Bay Record Society |
  |
1820 |
1820-1875 The Assiniboine
migrate west of the Parklands, west of the Missouri Coteau, to the Cypress
Hills, Badlands area |
  |
1821 |
1821-1825 Red River Colony
sees an increase of Swiss Settlers joining many retired fur traders who have
made their home here. |
  |
1821 |
1821-1839 George Simpson
Governor of the Northern Department of HBC (Rupert's Land) |
  |
1821 |
The Hudson's Bay Company and
the North West Company amalgamate under the name Hudson's Bay Company |
  |
1822 |
1822-1852 Sir John Henry
Pelly : Governor of Hudson’s Bay Company |
  |
1825 |
1825-1827 again Sir John
Franklin seeks the northwest passage on an overland exploration through
northern Rupert's Land. |
  |
1825 |
Sir George Simpson travels
the Carlton Trail out to the NWT. |
  |
1826 |
1826-1886 Chief Poundmaker -
Pitikwahanapiwiyin Plains Cree Chief |
  |
1826 |
Huge flood hits Red River
colony, many colonists head south. |
  |
1826 |
James Fenimore Cooper, The
Last of the Mohicans (1826) |
  |
1828 |
1828-1830 Kempt - Governor
General of British North America |
  |
1830 |
1830-1835 Matthew
Whitworth-Aylmer, 5th Baron Aylmer - Governor General of British North
America |
  |
1830 |
Smallpox epidemic |
  |
1835 |
1835-1838 Archibald Acheson,
2nd Earl of Gosford - Governor General of British North America |
  |
1835 |
1835-1890 see a migration
of Métis to the west, north and south
away from Red River Colony. Mainly settling in St. Laurent, St. Antoine de
Padoue (Batoche), la Pointe-du-Chien-Maigre (Fort Carlton), La Petit Ville or
La Coulee des Touronds (Fish Creek),
Lac-aux-Canards (Stobart / Duck Lake) areas. |
  |
1837 |
1837-1838 Smallpox epidemic. |
  |
1838 |
1838-1839 John George
Lambton, 1st Earl of Durham - Governor General of British North America |
  |
1839 |
1839-1842 Charles Edward
Poulett Thomson, Baron Sydenham - Governor General of British North America |
  |
1839 |
1839-1860 George Simpson
Governor of HBC (Rupert's Land) |
  |
1840 |
1840-1846 Settlers leaving
Oregon to come to Saskatchewan |
  |
1840 |
c1840-1850 Buffalo Jumps no
longer used, as horses are coming to the plains, herds of buffalo are now
surrounded by horses. The 1850s are
the "Golden age of the Métis " |
  |
1840 |
Henry Budd, a Church Of
England minister sent from Red river colony to Cumberland House. |
  |
1841 |
Sir George Simpson Governor
of the Hudson Bay Company travels the west. |
  |
1842 |
1842-1843 Sir Charles Bagot
- Governor General of British North America |
  |
1843 |
1843-1845 Sir Charles
Theophilus Metcalfe - Governor General of British North America |
  |
1845 |
1845-1847 Charles Murray
Cathcart, Earl of Cathcart - Governor General of British North America |
  |
1845 |
1845-1848 Paul Kane a
painter who depicted the Noble Sauvage in his works. "Wanderings of an Artist" is one
of his books. |
  |
1846 |
Fathers Taché and Laflèche
started Saint John the Baptist Roman Catholic Mission Chateau St-Jean at
Île-à-la-Crosse (Sakitawak). |
  |
1846 |
Treaty of Oregon finalizes
the continuance of the 49th parallel between the U.S. and Canada south of
B.C. |
  |
1847 |
1847-1848 Measles epidemic. |
  |
1847 |
1847-1854 James Bruce, Earl
of Elgin and Kincardine - Governor General of British North America |
  |
1848 |
California settlers leave to
come North to Canada and the plains |
  |
1849 |
Fort
Chipewyan on L. Athabasca or Lakeof the Hills. North West Ho on Buffaloe Lake, Pine House on Missinippi or English R.,
Nelson Ho, Carlton, Ho, Ur Nippeween, Lr Nippeween, Deer Lake Ho, Albany Ho,
Grant's Ho on Assiniboins R. , Manchester Ho, Chesterfield Ho, and South
Branch Ho. Map of North America
including part of the West India Islands London. C. Smith 1849. |
  |
1850 |
1850-1860 Change of
lifestyle towards an industrial or capitalistic way of socializing |
  |
1850 |
A few one room school houses
have started and missions for schooling. |
  |
1852 |
1852-1856 Andrew Wedderburn
Colville Governor of Hudson's Bay Company |
  |
1852 |
The Grand Trunk Railway is
issued its charter. |
  |
1853 |
P.F. tytler writes 'The
Northern Coasts of America and the Hudson's Bay Territories.' |
  |
1854 |
1854-1861 Sir Edmund Walker
Head - Governor General of British North America |
  |
1854 |
Cholera Epidemic |
  |
1855 |
U.S. rail line reaches St.
Paul, Minnesota. The U.S. age of the
Iron Horse. |
  |
1856 |
1856-1858 John Shepherd
Governor of Hudson's Bay Company |
  |
1856 |
Sas Ketchawan River and
Knistineaux in this area. Maps of
Nicaragua, North and Central America : population and square miles of
Nicaragua, United States, Mexico, British and Central America, with routes
and distances. New York : J. Haven, 1856. |
  |
1857 |
1857-1860 Captain John
Palliser leads the Royal Geographical Society expedition to explore the NWT
advises rail line should take northerly route. John Palliser publishes The Papers of the
Palliser Expedition 1857-1860. The
original intention of the transcontinental railroad to connect B.C. with
Eastern Canada was surveyed to cross from the narrows of Lake Winnipeg, and
northerly through Saskatchewan to Battleford and then Edmonton. Settlement in the northern fur trading
area, and northern trails deemed this route as the most plausible as southern
Saskatchewan was part of the Palliser Triangle, an extension of the American
Desert and seen to be not fit for any settlement. |
  |
1857 |
Henry Youle Hind was on an
expedition 6 weeks later than John Palliser. Henry Youle Hind publishes Narrative of the Canadian Red
River Exploring Expedition of 1857 and of the Assiniboine and Saskatchewan
Exploring Expedition of 1858 regarding his expedition. As a botanist, Henry
Hind saw potential for cautious agricultural settlement, on the plains with
little water and fuel sources. |
  |
1857 |
Settlers our North West
request to join Canada send petition to Government. |
  |
1858 |
1858-1863 Henry Hule
Berens : Governor of Hudson’s Bay
Company |
  |
1858 |
Gold! Gold rush to the Fraser River Valley in
British Columbia. |
  |
1859 |
Gold prospecting North
Saskatchewan River near Prince Albert. |
  |
1859 |
James
Carnegie - 6th Earl of Southesk writes 'Saskatchewan and the Rocky
Mountains' |
  |
1859 |
Norwester' newspaper
started at Fort Garry. |
  |
1860 |
"The Dog Crusoe and His
Master" by R.M. Ballantyne a young fur trader. |
  |
1860 |
1860-1864 Alexander Grant
Dallas Governor of HBC (Rupert's
Land) |
  |
1860 |
1860's Cypress Hills is
known as "Whoop Up" Country combining Whisky or Rheumatic medicine, rapid fire
weapons, traders, Cree, Assiniboine, Mountain Stoneys in Blackfoot area. |
  |
1860 |
c
1850-1950 Before the advent of large administrative units in the middle
1900s, Saskatchewan had small school districts every 4-6 miles apart. Most
districts consisted of a single 'One Room School.' The Dominion Government
made provisions that Sections 11 and 29 of each township were school
sections. In an era when transportation was via walking or horse and no
roads, travel was difficult. When hauling grain to elevators with horse and
wagon, approximately seven miles was considered to be a convenient distance.
This would allow one trip a day. |
  |
1860 |
Kerosene Lamp is invented. |
  |
1860 |
No liquor allowed in fur
trading after 1860 - the start of bootlegging. |
  |
1860 |
Piegan American Indian
refugees flee from Minnesota and Dakota |
  |
1861 |
1861-1867 Charles Stanley,
Viscount Monck of Ballytrammon - Governor General of British North America |
  |
1862 |
NWT exploration by William
Fitzwilliam the Viscount Milton and Dr. William Butler Cheadle. |
  |
1863 |
1863-1868 Rt Hon Sir Edmund
Walker Head, Bart. K.C.B. Head Governor of Hudson’s Bay Company |
  |
1863 |
R.M. Ballantyne a furtrader
from the age of 16 to 22 wrote of these dyas in "Snofwflakes and
Sunbeams" or the "Young Fur Traders." |
  |
1864 |
1864-1870 William Mactavish
Governor of HBC (Rupert's Land) |
  |
1864 |
American Fur Co. sold out to
the North West Company. |
  |
1865 |
1865-1890
Settlers who arrive may start out in sod houses if they owned a steel
plow. |
  |
1865 |
The
Northwest Passage by Land' by Fitzwilliam the Viscount Milton and Dr. William
Butler Cheadle. |
  |
1866 |
Fenian Raids by Irish
Americans who are anti-British. Raids
are mainly eastern Canada. |
  |
1866 |
Reverend James Nisbet
established a Presbyterian mission on the North Saskatchewan River - Later
known as Prince Albert. |
  |
1866 |
Scottish settlers to Prince
Albert Region |
  |
1866 |
St. Florent Mission near
Lebret, le Mont-du-Tondre in the Touchwood Hills and Val Qu'Appelle settled
by Métis |
  |
1866 |
The Bow and Arrow, and
corralling of buffalo by horseback is in use until this time. The Breechloader or Big Fifty Sharps,
Remington or Springfield rifle arrive around 1866-1870 and fuel the
beginnings of the wild, wild west. The
Big Muddy Badlands has tales of outlaws such as Butch Cassidy, Sam Kelley,
Jesse James, Dutch Henry, Frank Carlyle and the Nelson Jones Gang, and Billy the Kid (William Bonney) who could
run from the U.S. law in Canada past the 49th Parallel in the Badlands hills. |
  |
1867 |
1867 - 1873 Sir John A.
Macdonald Conservative Prime Minister of Canada |
  |
1867 |
1867-1869 Charles Stanley,
Baron Monck of Ballytrammon - Governor General of Canada |
  |
1867 |
1867-1879 U.S.A. Campaign to
destroy Buffalo. |
  |
1867 |
Confederation. British North America Act BNA starts survey
of NWT. Sir John A Macdonald is
Canada's First Prime Minister |
  |
1868 |
1868-1869 Rt. Hon. John,
Lord Wodehouse, 1st Earl of Kimberley
: Governor of Hudson’s Bay Company |
  |
1869 |
1869-1870 Smallpox outbreak |
  |
1869 |
1869-1870 Hon Sir William
McDougall Lt Gov of Rupert's Land and the NWT |
  |
1869 |
1869-1870 Red River
Resistance; Louis Riel Provisional Government in Red River. |
  |
1869 |
1869-1872 John Young, Baron
Lisgar - Governor General of Canada |
  |
1869 |
1869-1874 Rt Hon Sir
Stafford Northcote, Bart. M.P. 1st Earl of Iddesleigh : Governor of Hudson’s Bay Company |
  |
1869 |
1869-1879 Great Famine |
  |
1869 |
Métis leave Manitoba to Wood
Mountain and Battleford area. |
  |
1869 |
Treaty
of Surrender. Dominion Government bought Rupert's land for $1.5 million from
the Hudson's Bay Company. The H.B.C.
also yielded Sovereignity of the
territory to the Dominion Government.
The H.B.C. was allotted land near their trading posts and had 50 years
to claim 1/20 of land in the fertile belt. |
  |
1870 |
1870-1871 Fenian raids by
Irish Americans who are anti British, mainly crossing border to Lower Canada
(Ontario). |
  |
1870 |
1870-1872 Hon Sir Adams G.
Archibald Lt. Gov of Manitoba and the NWT |
  |
1870 |
1870-1890 NWT plains see the
largest number of Eastern Canadian and British immigrants |
  |
1870 |
1870-1930 Cemetery Land
Grants are issued. |
  |
1870 |
1870s Coal mined at Willow
Bunch, Wood Mountain, and Cypress Hills. |
  |
1870 |
1870s were very wet years. |
  |
1870 |
An Imperial Order in Council
divides up the trading posts into departments 1) Northern Department,
Rupert's Land; 2) Southern Department, Rupert's Land; 3) Montreal Department, Rupert's Land; 4)
Northern Department, Northwest Territory. 1)
Northern Department, Rupert's Land includes the districts of English
River, Saskatchewan, Cumberland, Swan River and districts in the area now
known as Mb. 2) and 3) are out east. 4) Northern Department, Northwest
Territory includes the district of Athabasca and another of the present day
NWT. (There has been documentation of
the department naming convention used earlier: 1795, 1820, 1870.) The following lists the present day Sk
forts.
|
  |
1870 |
Fort Athabasca & Fort
Chipewyan, Athabasca District, Northern Department, NWT. Fort Ellice, Fort Pelly, and Touchwood
Hills, Swan River District, Northern
Department, Rupert's Land. Green Lake,
Isle a la Crosse, Cold Lake, and Rapid
River, English River District, Northern Department, Rupert's Land. Battle River, Carlton House, Whitefish Lake, and Fort
Pitt, Saskatchewan District, Northern Department, Rupert's Land. Moose Woods, Cumberland House, and Pelican Lake,
Cumberland District, Northern Department, Rupert's Land. |
  |
1870 |
May
12, 1870 Manitoba Act 1,400,000 acres of land allotted for Métis and half
breeds 238,500 acres are granted in
Sk. |
  |
1870 |
Métis leave Manitoba and
come westward to District of Sk and Assiniboia, NWT to Lac Pelletier, Vallee
Ste-Claire, le Mont-aux-Cypress (Cypress Hills), St. Laurent Grandin |
  |
1870 |
NWT expedition by Captain
W.F. Butler to report back on the conditions of the First Nation. |
  |
1870 |
Prime Minister Sir John A.
Macdonald |
  |
1870 |
The Fenian invasion. |
  |
1871 |
1871-1890 Pre-emptions are
allowed wherein the homesteader can apply for the adjoining quarter section
to expand farming. |
  |
1871 |
Hudson Bay Trading Post at
Chimney Coulee east end of Cypress Hills established by Isaac Courie. |
  |
1871 |
Omikiwin disease of scabs
epidemic |
  |
1871 |
Treaty 2 at Fort Ellice by
Saulteaux effecting Moose Mountain to the USA |
  |
1872 |
"The Pioneers" by
R.M. Ballantyne |
  |
1872 |
1872-1872 Hon Sir Francis G.
Johnson Lt. Gov of Manitoba and the
NWT |
  |
1872 |
1872-1874 The 49th Parallel
or "Medicine Line" was surveyed and mapped by the British Boundary
Commission and American Commission |
  |
1872 |
1872-1876 Hon. Alexander
Morris Lt. Gov of Manitoba and the NWT |
  |
1872 |
1872-1878 Frederick
Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, Earl of Dufferin - Governor General of Canada |
  |
1872 |
1872-1905 Open Grazing land
available for sale. |
  |
1872 |
C.P.R. Act of 1872 grants 50
million acres to company sale to help establish rail line |
  |
1872 |
c1872
settlers would break land with oxen or horse and walking plow. |
  |
1872 |
Canada's Homestead Act-
Dominion Lands Act: A quarter section
or one hundred and sixty acres of land could be applied for with a filing fee
of $10.00. The homesteader was required
to live on the land for three years to build a residence and to break
at least fifteen acres of his land. |
  |
1872 |
Chimney Coulee trading post
destroyed and rebuilt by Abel Farwell of the T. C. Power Trading Company. |
  |
1872 |
George Munro Grant a
presbyterian Minister travelled the NWT as secretary with Engineer in Chief
of the CPR sir Sandford Fleming and botanist John Macoun. |
  |
1872 |
The
Great Lone Land A Narrative of Travel and Adventure in the North-West of
America' written of the prairie wilderness by Sir William F. Butler. |
  |
1873 |
1873 - 1878 Alexander
Mackenzie Liberal Prime Minister of Canada |
  |
1873 |
1873-1876 Fort Livingstone
is capital of NWT |
  |
1873 |
Cypress Hills Massacre |
  |
1873 |
G.M. Dawson, a geologist, on
the International Boundary Survey, examined the soil , and felt that it would
be good for pasture land and stock farming. |
  |
1873 |
Smallpox epidemic. |
  |
1874 |
The Dominion Government
chose Fort Livingstone as the site for the NWMP barracks and as the capital
of the North West Territories as settlement was in the northern fur trading
region of this area in 1874, and there was a well used trail from Eastern
Canada along the Swan River to this site.
The Hudson Bay Company previously policed the area of Rupert's Land,
this job now lay with the Dominion Government when they acquired the lands
from the HBC. Fort Livingtone was located near Pelly, Sk. Builders were commissioned by the Dominion
Government and left Fort Garry Mb in Aug 1874 and arrived Sept 10 1874 to
start construction. The North West Mounted Police arrived 2 months early to
take up post at Fort Livingstone barracks before their expected arrival date
of November 1874. The barracks were
not complete as construction just began in early September, and there was a
fire shortly before the NWMP troops arrived |
  |
1874 |
Treaty 4 Pheasant Rump,
Ocean Man, and Carry The Kettle sign Treaty Four Nakota Bands are party to
this treaty signed at Fort Qu'Appelle |
  |
1875 |
1875-1917 Chief
StarBlanket- Ahchacoosahcootakoopit
- Star Blanket chief from 1875 1917. |
  |
1875 |
Hill of the Cross (Mount
Carmel) is seen on travels of the Carlton Trail. |
  |
1875 |
Treaty 5 Cumberland House,
Opaskwayak are among the First Nations sign to sign at The Pas. Cumberland Band part of Cumberland House
First Nation now in Saskatchewan and Red Earth and Shoal Lake Bands are part
of the Opaskwayak First Nation. |
  |
1876 |
1876-1881 Hon David
Laird Lt. Gov of Manitoba and the NWT |
  |
1876 |
Alexander Morris Lt Gov of
Manitoba and NWT |
  |
1876 |
Big Bear (Mista Muskwa)
principal Chief of the Crees on the western plains from 1876-1888 |
  |
1876 |
Sitting Bull seeks refuge in
Canada. Battle of Little Big Horn
victory Sioux are seeking assylum |
  |
1876 |
Telegraph Flat south of
Battleford was the location of the Dominion Telegraph Company office. |
  |
1876 |
The
capital of the North West Territories located at Fort Livingstone was short
lived. The NWMP police were not
satisfied with their quarters and left in Aug 1876 to new barracks at Battle
River. The NWT act was proclaimed here on Oct. 7, 1876. |
  |
1876 |
The Eastern portion of the
telegraph line is completed to Pelly and Leduc. |
  |
1876 |
Treaty
6 Stony Indians, Grissly Bears Head and Lean Man the
Mosquito Nakota Band and Alexis and Pauls Stoney Band sign Treaty Number Six
at Fort Carlton and Fort Pitt. |
  |
1876 |
Wood Mountain, Fort Walsh
headquarter Royal Canadian Mounted
Police (North West Mounted Police) |
  |
1877 |
Fort
Livingstone located near Pelly, Sk was the first capital of the North West
Territories heralding the signing in of the first Lieutenant Governor, Lt.
Gov. Laird in Aug 1877. |
  |
1877 |
Government legislates
hunting and closes winter hunting season |
  |
1877 |
James Trow chairman of
immigration and colonization tours the NWT and Manitoba. |
  |
1878 |
1878-1883 John Douglas
Sutherland-Campbell, Marquess of Lorne - Governor General of Canada |
  |
1878 |
1878-1891 Sir John A.
Macdonald Conservative Prime Minister of Canada |
  |
1878 |
Lt. Gov. Laird left Fort
Livingstone in Aug 1877 to establish a new capital at Battleford, Sk |
  |
1878 |
The Sk Herald established in
Battleford by Patrick Gammie Laurie. |
  |
1879 |
1879-1880 John Macoun,
botanist comes to explore the west. |
  |
1879 |
Telegraph line completed all
the way to Edmonton. |
  |
1880 |
"Ocean to Ocean"
wrote by George Munro Grant following his travels in 1872. |
  |
1880 |
1880-1881 5,000U.S. Indians
go to Fort Walsh seeking food |
  |
1880 |
1880-1890 Cattlemen from
America herding cattle Northward to Canada.
Cypress Hills, Big Muddy, Eastend, Swift Current, Medicine hat, Maple
Creek, Frenchman River area start many ranches. Turkey Ranch near Hallonquist, Olivier's
Ranch on Qu'Appelle - Touchwood Trail, Venne Ranch in Menaginous Hills, '76'
Ranch near Swift Current through to Calgary, Matador, Murdo MacKenzie Ranch
north of Rush Lake, Gull Lake Ranching Company, Wayne Ranch, Matador Land and
Cattle Company in Coteau Hills north of South Saskatchewan River, Parson's
Ranch, Ten Mile Ranch in Cypress Hills, Empire Cattle Company near Willow
Creek, Ogle and Bonneau Ranch in the south east, and the Circle Diamond
spread in Frenchman Creek flats were a few ranches established. |
  |
1880 |
1880s Buffalo Bones are
collected on the prairies to be used as fertilizer and to provide income
$8/ton. |
  |
1880 |
1880's Deep well drilling
and barbed wire for fences become an asset on the prairies. |
  |
1880 |
1880s saw the arrival of the
newspaper called the Qu'Appelle Vidette |
  |
1880 |
Abernethy, Indian Head and
Qu'Appelle Farming Colony see the arrival of Scottish Immigrants. |
  |
1880 |
Drought |
  |
1880 |
Homestead policy changes
allowing growing of trees as well as crops to 'prove up' depending on local
conditions. |
  |
1880 |
Lady Cathcart Scottish
Crofter colony is established at Benebecula, Pipestone Valley South of
Wapella c/o Assiniboia, NWT |
  |
1880 |
Late 1800s see a law passed
by the Sabbatarian Christian movement in NWT banning work on the Sabbath or
Sunday |
  |
1880 |
Late 1880's Chimney Coulee
near Eastend |
  |
1880 |
Prince
Albert had an amazing population of about 1,500. |
  |
1880 |
Summer fallowing starts to
be practiced. |
  |
1880 |
Travellers may use horse
drawn Buckboards, or immigrants from the U.S.A. may use Covered Wagons
(Conestoga wagon, Prairie Schooner) |
  |
1880 |
Willowbunch receives French
and Métis settlers |
  |
1881 |
1881 Land Regulations. Colonization Companies form where Company
receives $120 for every settler and an additional $40 per settler if settled
within 5 years; paid once the government inspector heads out for confirmation. Odd Number sections North of CPR sold at $2
per acre to businesses promoting NWT settlement. Requirement was that 2 settlers on each of
the odd and even numbered sections of colonization land within 5 years. Even numbered sections settled by
homesteaders and pre-emptions. |
  |
1881 |
1881-1885 Senator T.O. Davis
sets up freighting goods with 9 carts and oxen. |
  |
1881 |
1881-1888 Edgar Dewdney
Commissioner of NWT |
  |
1881 |
1881-1888 Hon Edgar
Dewdney Lt. Gov of Manitoba and the
NWT |
  |
1881 |
Governor General Lord Lorne
tours Manitoba and the North West. |
  |
1881 |
Governor General Lord Lorne
visits Manitoba and the NWT and confirms seeing the grasslands of Macoun's
maps and not the desert of Palliser's expedition. |
  |
1881 |
Rev. Arthur Whiteside
establishes a Methodist church at Qu'Appelle near the rail line. |
  |
1881 |
The Bell farm was located on
the CPR rail just at the outskirts of Indian Head, Saskatchewan founded by
Major William R. Bell It was an
operation which was ten miles square which encompasses a total of 60,000 acres. The actual amount Major Bell
owned was 331,887 acres as some
sections could not be bought. |
  |
1881 |
White Cap Reserve
established south of Saskatoon |
  |
1882 |
1882-1883 English preachers establish the Primitive
Methodist Colony near Pheasant Forks. |
  |
1882 |
1882-1883 Métis leave Red
River Colony to St. Antoine de Padoue (Batoche) |
  |
1882 |
Cannington Manor, a bachelor
society is formed |
  |
1882 |
George Munro Grant wrote
"Picturesque Canada" following his travels in the NWT of 1872. His books were used in advertising
campaigns of the CPR. |
  |
1882 |
John Macoun, a
botanist, wrote "Manitoba and the
Great North-West" following his explorations of 1879-1880 More recent
travels to the west had been supportive of expansion to the prairies.
Connecting Canada East to West using a
Yellowhead route is abandoned, the agricultural opportunities are surpassing
the view of a "Great American Desert" in the "Palliser
Triangle" region and the parklands are showing promise for
settlement. It is more economically
feasible to continue west from Winnipeg, rather than head North and West. |
  |
1882 |
Moosomin, Regina, Moose Jaw
rail line encourages Ontario and British Isles settlers to NWT. |
  |
1882 |
New Jerusalem, near
Moosomin; Jewish settlers from Southern Russia, Central and Eastern European
Jewish immigrants |
  |
1882 |
Orkney
District is located in the York Farmer's Colony which is north of
Yorkton. Immigrants from Eday, Orkney
Scotland and Manitoba arrive here. |
  |
1882 |
Pile O' Bones
(Oskana-ka-asateki) receives its new name Regina, the first phone is set up
in Regina. |
  |
1882 |
Prince Albert Times and
Review Newspaper started. |
  |
1882 |
Rail connects Regina, Indian
Head, and Qu'Appelle. The Stage Coach
delivering mail and passengers, now travels from Qu'Appelle to Prince Albert
then to Edmonton. There are Road
Houses or stations established along the way approximately every 40 miles to
change horses, and provide lodgings. Rail line reaches Moose Jaw. |
  |
1882 |
Sioux arrive at Moose Woods
Reserve which is near present day Dundurn, Sk. Chief Whitecap decides to come to Canada
after the problems in America which arouse in 1860's |
  |
1882 |
Stobart and Company are
traders based in Prince Albert |
  |
1882 |
Temperance Colony Saskatoon |
  |
1882 |
The North West Territories
was divided into provisional territories on May 8, 1882. The south
provisional district was named Assiniboia (The 33rd township southward to the
U.S.A Canada border). The provisional district in central present-day
Saskatchewan (between township 35 and township 70) was named Saskatchewan.
And Athabaska was the provisional district of the North West Territories for
the northern portion of present day Saskatchewan (Township 71 and northward
to the District of MacKenzie NWT at the present border between Saskatchewan
and the NWT). These provisional districts did not use the current eastern and
western boundaries, but extended to range 10 west of the 4th meridian now
known as Alberta and the district of Saskatchewan had an eastern border at
Lake Winnipeg. |
  |
1882 |
William Motherwell settles
near present day Abernethy, homesteading at Lanark Place |
  |
1883 |
1883-1888 Henry
Petty-Fitzmaurice, Marquess of Lansdowne - Governor General of Canada |
  |
1883 |
Buffalo have moved further
and further west and are virtually extinct |
  |
1883 |
Little Stone School built by
the Temperance Colony Pioneers. (Later
this Village known as Nutana, and the City of Saskatoon) |
  |
1883 |
Moose Jaw news started. |
  |
1883 |
Portage and Westbourne and
North Western Railway co changed name to Manitoba and North Western Railway
company. |
  |
1883 |
Rail line reaches Minnedosa,
NWT |
  |
1883 |
Regina Leader established by
Nicholas Flood Davin |
  |
1883 |
St. Andrews and Benebecula
areas c/o Assiniboia, NWT receive more settlers from Island of Benbeula in
Hebrides. |
  |
1883 |
Steamboats are used in this
decade to navigate the Saskatchewan river.
Ferries are available at Ferry Crossings. The Dawson or Red River Trail, the Carlton
Trail are a few of the trails overlanders use to arrive in the NWT. |
  |
1884 |
10 areas have formed to
provide local services 'Local Improvement Districts': Moosomin, Broadview,
Indian Head, South Qu'Appelle, Wascana, Belle Plaine, Moose Jaw, Pleasant
Plains, City of Moose Jaw and Regina towns. |
  |
1884 |
1884-1892
Joseph B. Tyrell explored District of Alberta, and the District of Athabasca
NWT mapping, collecting stories and writing reports. |
  |
1884 |
Czechs and Slovaks settle in
Kolin, NWT (Esterhaz, Sk) |
  |
1884 |
East London Artisans Colony
near Moosomin, Qu'Appelle |
  |
1884 |
Families leave Yorkton
colony to settle along CPR. |
  |
1884 |
Father Hugonard and Lebret
establish Indian Industrial School on Mission Lake shores. |
  |
1884 |
Federal Government opens
railway mile belt reserve for homestead entry. |
  |
1884 |
Lady Cathcart's Scottish
Settlement is growing with more immigrants to Benbecula, Red Jacket, Burrows
c/o Assiniboia, NWT |
  |
1884 |
Neu Elsass Eastern European
German Colony near Strasbourg is formed.
New Tulcea (Edenwold) starts as Romanian German settlement receiving
Polish later. |
  |
1884 |
Oxbow area Jewish settlers
from Southern Russia, Central and Eastern European Jewish immigrants |
  |
1884 |
Saskatoon Sentinel newspaper
started by the Temperance Colony Pioneers. |
  |
1885 |
French settlement at Whitewood near Moose
Mountain, a ranching venture comprising Rolandrie Ranch, Farm Richelieu,
Count de Langle's Ranch, Count de Soras ranch. |
  |
1885 |
1885-1887 the New Stockholm
Colony is mainly a Swedish Scandinavian settlement. |
  |
1885 |
1885-1896 Bell Farm
established by Major William R. Bell which was north of Winro, North of
Indian Head, West of Dingley, and East of Qu'Appelle and north of the CPR
rail |
  |
1885 |
Count Paul O D'Esterhazy
starts a Colony of Hungarians at Esterhazy |
  |
1885 |
Edenwold Eastern European
German Colony North East of Regina |
  |
1885 |
Frog Lake Church burns down |
  |
1885 |
German Colony of New Toulca
north of Balgonie is formed. |
  |
1885 |
Hohenlohe Eastern European
German Colony near Langenburg, Balgonie and Ebenezer |
  |
1885 |
North West Rebellion. Louis Riel selected Batoche as the
headquarters of his "Provisional Government of Saskatchewan".
Batoche was the last battlefield in the Northwest Rebellion of 1885. |
  |
1885 |
Qu'Appelle Long Lake and Sk
Railway Line links Regina and Last Mountain Lake. |
  |
1885 |
St. John's College
established at Qu'Appelle by the Anglican Diocese providing prairie
agriculture training. |
  |
1885 |
The last herd of Buffalo is
gone. |
  |
1885 |
Transcontinental Canadian
Pacific Railway completed |
  |
1885 |
York Farmers Colonization
Company |
  |
1886 |
Great Northwest Central
Railway company GNWC goes through Battleford, NWT |
  |
1886 |
Manitoba and North West
Railway reaches Langenburg. |
  |
1886 |
North of Wapella Pogroms or
Jewish settlers from Southern Russia, Central and Eastern European Jewish
immigrants |
  |
1886 |
Temperance Colony Methodists
erect Grace Church in Saskatoon |
  |
1886 |
Thingvalla
in the Qu'Appelle Valley, and Logberg near Churchbridge are both Icelandic
settlements. |
  |
1887 |
Churchbridge forms an
Anglican church society of older English settlers. |
  |
1887 |
Vallar and Holar near Spy
Hill are Icelandic settlements. |
  |
1887 |
Volga German Colony
established north of Yorkton |
  |
1888 |
1888-1889 Typhoid hits Swift
Current, Moose Jaw areas due to water sanitization issues. |
  |
1888 |
1888-1893 Frederick Arthur
Stanley, Baron Stanley of Preston - Governor General of Canada |
  |
1888 |
1888-1893 Hon Joseph
Royal Lt. Gov of Manitoba and the NWT |
  |
1888 |
An Act for the temporary
Government of Rupert's Land and the North-Western Territory when united with
Canada. Establishing a 22 elected
member Legislative Assembly and 4 non voting legal advisors with a 4 man
advisory council. |
  |
1888 |
Kaposvar, NWT settled by
Czechs and Slovaks to Canada |
  |
1888 |
Rail line reaches Saltcoats,
NWT |
  |
1888 |
Sir John Lister Kaye
purchases 100,000acres near Balgonie for a large farming experiment by the
Canadian Agricultural, Coal and Colonization Company. This operation was along the CPR beside
Rush Lake, Swift Current, Gull Lake, Crane Lake, Kincarth,
Dunmore, Stair, Bantry, Namaka and Langdon |
  |
1888 |
The Church Colonization Land
Co starts a colony south of Saltcoats |
  |
1889 |
Central and Eastern European
Germans begin to settle in Neudorf area. |
  |
1889 |
Manitoba and Northwestern
rail line is established 4 miles south west of Yorkton, therefore town is
moved. |
  |
1889 |
New
Finland district, Finnish agricultural settlement north of Wapella. |
  |
1889 |
North of
Saltcoats is a Gaelic speaking Hebridean Colony. |
  |
1889 |
Swedish settlers arrive at
Percival, NWT |
  |
1890 |
1890 - 1897 sees the
completion of the "Soo Line" connecting Moose Jaw, Weyburn,
Estevan, Portal, Minneapolis, St. Paul and Chicago. |
  |
1890 |
c1890 Osler, Rosthern German
Mennonite Colonies are formed. |
  |
1890 |
Craik, Saskatoon, Rosthern
connected by rail. N. Portal, Brandon,
Estevan and Arcola added to the "Soo Line". |
  |
1890 |
Qu'Appelle Long Lake and Sk
Railway Line links Regina, Saskatoon and Prince Albert. Freighting on the Carlton Trail
ceases. No more Red River Carts and
Buckboards. Heavy wagons, democrats
and buggies are now the mode of transportation. |
  |
1890 |
Rail line connects Saskatoon
to Moose Jaw, Sk |
  |
1890 |
Scottish settlers arrive
between Lumsden and the Arm River Valley |
  |
1891 |
1891-1892 Sir John J. C.
Abbott Conservative Prime Minister of Canada |
  |
1891 |
After 1891 there is a large
Icelandic settlement in the Quill Lakes area. |
  |
1891 |
Moose Jaw was hit by a huge
fire which levelled 17 businesses and
a church on Main Street. |
  |
1891 |
Sk Valley Mennonite
Settlement |
  |
1892 |
1892-1894 Sir John S. D.
Thompson Conservative Prime Minister of Canada |
  |
1892 |
1892-1894 The Jewish
Colonization society assisted the influx of Czarist Russian Farmers to
Hirsch, Oxbow, Oungre and Hoffer |
  |
1892 |
Hirsch Colony near Estevan
is established by Pogroms or Jewish settlers from Southern Russia, Central
and Eastern European Jewish immigrant.
Jewish Colony receives sponsorship from London Mansion house Committee
near Moose Mountain. |
  |
1892 |
Mennonites arrive in
Rosthern area |
  |
1892 |
Regina Typhoid Epidemic |
  |
1893 |
1893-1895 Drought hits the
prairies. Dry land farming practices
are being started. |
  |
1893 |
1893-1898 Hon. Charles H.
Mackintosh Lt. Gov of Manitoba and the
NWT |
  |
1893 |
1893-1898 John Campbell
Hamilton-Gordon, Earl of Aberdeen and Temair - Governor General of Canada |
  |
1893 |
Clifford Sifton, Minister
for the Interior, mounted a massive campaign to encourage immigration. The CPR's poster maps having been
successful were now also part of the advertising of the Government, and the
range of distribution spread from British cities to the farmers of America,
the Europeans, and Scandinavians |
  |
1894 |
1894-1896 Sir Mackenzie
Bowell Conservative Prime Minister of Canada |
  |
1894 |
Yorkton incorporates as a
Village with a population of 215. |
  |
1895 |
1895-1900 harmony Industrial
Association Pioneer Co-op is formed comprised of Western Manitoba protestant
farmers. Located in the Hamona
community about 8 miles east of Tantallon |
  |
1896 |
1896 Sir Charles Tupper
Conservative Prime Minister of Canada |
  |
1896 |
1896-1911 Sir Wilfrid
Laurier Liberal Prime Minister of Canada |
  |
1896 |
Candiac Area East of
Montmarte sees a Polish settlement. |
  |
1896 |
Ohlen, NWT area sees the
building of Lutheran and Swedish mission churches. |
  |
1896 |
Regina Maternity Home built |
  |
1896 |
Yellow Grass, Mariahilf
(Killaly), and Nieven (Grayson) are German Bloc settlements. |
  |
1896 |
Yorkton Enterprise newspaper
begins. |
  |
1897 |
1897-1898
see Ukrainian settlements in the Fish Creek, Batoche Yorkton, Ituna, Alvena, Wakaw, Canora,
Grenfeld, NWT, Melville areas and the Montmarte Galician
settlement. The parklands in the
prairies felt like home as compared to the Carpathian foothills. |
  |
1897 |
438 Local Improvement
Districts have formed (precursors to Rural Municipalities) |
  |
1897 |
Canada is advertised as the
Granary of the Empire in Europe. |
  |
1897 |
Klondike Gold Rush, see an
economic growth as travelers use trails from the U.S.A. through to the
Klondike. |
  |
1897 |
Sandy McCarthy Ranch sets up
at Bear Creek, NWT. |
  |
1898 |
1898-1898 Hon. Malcolm C.
Cameron Lt. Gov of Manitoba and the
NWT |
  |
1898 |
1898-1904 Gilbert John
Elliot-Murray- Kynynmound, Earl of Minto - Governor General of Canada |
  |
1898 |
1898-1905 Amédée Emmanuel
Forget Commissioner of NWT |
  |
1898 |
c1898-1899 Galician
settlement forms near Rosthern, NWT |
  |
1898 |
Gerald is a Czechoslovakian
and Slovakian community. |
  |
1898 |
Homestead Law modified to
permit co-operative farming, therefore farmers could live together in a
village from which individuals could cultivate the quarter section they
applied for. |
  |
1898 |
Seager Wheeler Farm refined
selective breeding and soil conservation techniques producing outstanding
wheat crop results for prairie conditions |
  |
1898 |
West of Wakaw Polish
immigrants settle at Fish Creek, Kowalowka (Tiny) and Dobrowdy (Buchanan) |
  |
1899 |
1899-1902 Boer War veterans
receive 2 adjoining quarter sections of land or money to be used for land
purchase. |
  |
1899 |
1899-1902 The Boer War or
the South African War |
  |
1899 |
7,000 Sectarian Utopian,
communitarian Doukhobors emigrate to Canada.
North Swan River Colony, South Veregin Colony, Sk or P.A. Colony and
Devil's Lake Annex. In the area of Thunder
Hill, Swan River, Yorkton, Saskatoon Blaine Lake areas. |
  |
1899 |
First hospital built in
Prince Albert |
  |
1899 |
Independent trading company
Revillon Freres based out of France starts in NWT. |
  |
1899 |
Treaty 8 Fond du Lac Dene
Nation signs at Fond Du Lac. |
  |
1900 |
1900s prospecting for Gold
at lake Athabasca, La Ronge and Flin Flon. |
  |
1900 |
c 1900 Magyarsfoeld
Settlement is established at the head of Crooked Lake comprised of Hungarian
and Galician settlers. |
  |
1900 |
Early 1900s see the Evening
Standard and Province newspaper start in Regina, as well as the Daily Post. |
  |
1900 |
Mennonite Colony South East
of Swift Current |
  |
1900 |
Yorkton applies for Town
status with 600 people living there. |
  |
1901 |
Census shows these large
centres Moose Jaw 1,558, Prince Albert 1,783, Regina 2,249, Saskatoon 113,
Swift Current 121 and Weyburn 113 |
  |
1901 |
Governor General Minto
visits District of Saskatchewan NWT. |
  |
1901 |
Hafford, Meath Park and
Yorkton receive Ukrainian settlers. |
  |
1901 |
Herzi and Lipton are settled
by Pogroms or Jewish settlers from Southern Russia, Central and Eastern
European Jewish immigrants |
  |
1901 |
Rama and Kuroki in the
Yorkton and Canora area receive Polish settlers. |
  |
1901 |
William Motherwell helped to
initiate Territorial Grain Growers' Association |
  |
1902 |
Allan Hills, Lothian, Hanley
areas see Scottish immigrants, Orcadia
1902-1917 settled by Orkney Island settlers. |
  |
1902 |
Cedoux near Weyburn are
Polish Canadians. |
  |
1902 |
High influx of Eastern
Germans around Neudorf |
  |
1902 |
Influx of about 400 Welsh
speaking Pantagonian Welsh and Spanish settlers to Bangor, Saltcoats,
Llewellyn, Waldron area. |
  |
1902 |
Lemberg Ukrainian
settlement. |
  |
1902 |
Romanian Orthodox Church
built in Regina |
  |
1902 |
Tantallon Icelandic
settlement |
  |
1902 |
Valley Center north of
Rosetown has a Czechoslovakian settlement |
  |
1903 |
City status is applied for
by Regina, Moose Jaw, and Saskatoon which is merging the villages of
Saskatoon, Nutana and Riversdale. Weyburn applies for Town status. Swift Current applies for Village status. The town of Yorkton is connected by
telephone. |
  |
1903 |
Gillies is a Polish village. |
  |
1903 |
Herbert and Rush Lake area
see the arrival of Mennonites from Manitoba |
  |
1903 |
Immigration pattern of
Germany to Ukraine in the 1800s to Dakotas in the late 1800s to Rosthern, Sk
and then to Curzon, Assiniboia, NWT now known as Allan, Sk |
  |
1903 |
Métis hit with smallpox
epidemic. |
  |
1903 |
St. Peters' German Catholic
Colony near Leofeld is established with the help of Catholic Settlement
Society and Benedictines of Cluny Priory in Illinois. Annaheim, Dead Moose Lake, Englefeld, St.
Benedict Mission, St. Joseph Mission |
  |
1903 |
Valley Center north of
Rosetown has a Czechoslovakian settlement |
  |
1904 |
1904-1911 Albert Henry
George Grey, Earl Grey - Governor General of Canada |
  |
1904 |
c1904 Albertown is Polish
within the Redberry Lake settlement. |
  |
1904 |
Croatian settlement in the
Kenaston area called Little Lovinac |
  |
1904 |
Redberry Lake, Luxemburg,
Hafford sees an arrival of Ukrainian settlers. |
  |
1904 |
Settlers use horse or oxen
team, wagon and Sulky plow which can be ridden rather than walking plow. Mechanical binder to cut and bind into
sheaves. Those very few settlers which
are very well off may have a large steam traction engine and ten furrow plow,
steam engine and threshing separator and perhaps steam engine and breaking
plow. |
  |
1904 |
Swell'
used for transportation a one seater buggy with no top. |
  |
1904 |
This was a year for very
heavy rains, travellers across the plains would often be getting stuck on the
trails. |
  |
1904 |
Wadena, Hendon, Shellbrook,
Lunnar (Fairy Hill), Southey, Admiral, and Shaunavon see an influx of Swedish
immigrants. |
  |
1905 |
1905-1907 Reinland Mennonite
Association creates hamlets of Neuendorf, Reinfeld, Blumenhof, Blumenort,
Schoenfeld, Springfeld, Reinland, Chortitz all south east of Swift Current |
  |
1905 |
1905-1910 Amédée Emmanuel
Forget Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan |
  |
1905 |
1905-1914 closed grazing
leases were available for one cent an acre, conditions apply. |
  |
1905 |
1905-1916 Walter Scott first
Premier of Saskatchewan |
  |
1905 |
1918 William Motherwell is
the first Minister of Agriculture |
  |
1905 |
Canadian Northern Railway
CNoR connects Kamsack, Humboldt, North Battleford, Edmonton. |
  |
1905 |
Finnish
settlement between Outlook and Elbow, Sk
Finnish immigration started in US great Lakes region and Minnesota
leaving to Sk |
  |
1905 |
Irish colonies are formed at
Sinnet, Limerick, and Shamrock, Sk |
  |
1905 |
September 1 Saskatchewan
becomes a province of Saskatchewan Regina is named the Capital City. |
  |
1906 |
1906-1907 A very harsh, cold
winter freeze up, many ranchers notice huge losses. |
  |
1906 |
1906-1907 Garden River
Ukrainian Settlement sees a polish village called Janow Corners. |
  |
1906 |
1906-1919 La Coulee du
rocher, la Coulee-Cheppelle, la Montagne-des-Bois (Wood Mountain),
Talle-des-Saules (Willow Bunch) are Métis Hivernant settlements which now
receive French settlers. |
  |
1906 |
Bobolynci (Fosston) is a
Polish village North of Wadena, Sk. |
  |
1906 |
Census Population for Moose Jaw 6, 249, North Battleford 824,
Prince Albert 3,005, Regina 6,199, Saskatoon 3,011, Swift Current 554, and
Weyburn 966 |
  |
1906 |
Edenbridge near Melfort
receives Pogroms or Jewish settlers from Southern Russia, Central and Eastern
European Jewish immigrants |
  |
1906 |
Garden River and Gronlid
area are settled by Ukrainian immigrants. |
  |
1906 |
Grain Growers and Grain
Company formed. |
  |
1906 |
Neewin District, Norquay,
Mandal (Watrous), Delisle see Scandinavian Norwegian settlers. |
  |
1906 |
Treaty 10 Woods Cree and
Northwestern Dene nations sign. |
  |
1907 |
Blaine Lake receives Polish
settlers. |
  |
1907 |
Canadian legislation which
instills individual land registration for the homestead act and not communal
registration |
  |
1907 |
Eastern European German
colony near Leads and Maple Creek |
  |
1907 |
Israelis immigrant society
Russian Jewish immigrants to Saskatoon. |
  |
1907 |
Population of Saskatoon, the
Hub City is 4,500 residents |
  |
1907 |
Romania immigrants settle in
Southern Prairies in the Lakenheath and Wood Mountain District |
  |
1907 |
Town status is achieved by
Swift Current. |
  |
1907 |
Traffic Bridge built in
Saskatoon - no more Ferry crossing. |
  |
1907 |
Treaty 10 Hatchet Lake Band
signs treaty. |
  |
1907 |
University Act was a
provincial statute which enabled the creation of the University of
Saskatchewan. |
  |
1908 |
1908-1918 Revival of
pre-emption for men over the age of 18 where 320 acres of adjoining quarter
section to the homestead can be obtained
for $970.00 or $3.00 an acre. |
  |
1908 |
1908-1959 The age of the
"Saddlebag Surgeon" who travelled around the province providing aid
and performing appendectomies, tonsillectomies, and delivering babies. Before 1950 because of the area of Saskatchewan
babies were traditionally delivered by mid-wives. |
  |
1908 |
Clay yards established
Archola, Broadview, Prince Albert, Saskatoon, Shand, Estevan, Avonlea,
Clayblank. |
  |
1908 |
Grand Trunk Pacific lay line
between Melville, Watrous, Saskatoon, Biggar. |
  |
1908 |
Sears Roebuck catalog offers
mail order homes. |
  |
1908 |
Voluntary Bounty Act
Statutes of Canada awarding South African scrip |
  |
1909 |
1909-1914 Serb Settlement in
the Elm Springs District 10 miles east of Wood Mountain Outpost |
  |
1909 |
1909-1937
Coal Creek Colony established via Car ADS IN England attracting 38 families
becoming farmers, and ranchers at Tsp 1 -Rge 2- W3 SW of Rockglen. From
1909-1929 it becomes a quarantined area due to Glanders disease. |
  |
1909 |
74 Rural Municipalities
established. Sask Tel buys
Saskatchewan Telephone Company, Wapella-Harris Telephone Company, and Bell
Telephone Company. Sask Tel now
proceeds to establish telephone lines rurally. |
  |
1909 |
A huge prairie fire spreads
from Swift Current to Yellow Grass 75 miles long north to south. It is an era of fires started by rail
lines, and few roads or highways to act as fire breaks. Many settlers started their homested
practice with walking plow or sulky plow and plowed a fire guard around where
their house would stand. |
  |
1909 |
Black immigrants arrive from
Oklahama and settle in the Eldon district which is north of Maidstone, Sk |
  |
1909 |
c1909 The Morning Leader
publishes public accounts for the province. |
  |
1909 |
Finnish settlement between
Outlook and Elbow, Sk moves to Dunblane District. These Finnish immigrants have a different
culture from the 1889 Finnish immigration. |
  |
1909 |
Mennonite Brethern Church
built in Woodrow, settlers are of German origin arriving from North Dakota. |
  |
1909 |
Weyburn Lethbridge line
extends to Rocky Mountain Foothills. |
  |
1910 |
1910-1915 Southern
Saskatchewan see huge ranches are folding.
End of cattle ranching and increase in agricultural practices. |
  |
1910 |
1910-1920 saw the arrival of
Crimean Russians and German families in the Wood Mountain area near Billimun,
Sk (9 miles North West of Mankota) |
  |
1910 |
Count Imhoff settles near
St. Walburg, Sk paints murals in churches of da Vinci, Rembrandt, Raphael
styling. |
  |
1910 |
First airplane flight using
Canadian built airplane at Balgonie, Sk. |
  |
1910 |
First Combine on the
prairies. The harvest procedure is now
one operation, the combine can both
reaping and thresh the grain directly into trucks |
  |
1910 |
Gold Lake Athabasca Quartz
mine. |
  |
1910 |
Montefiore in the Alsask
Sibbold area established by Pogroms or Jewish settlers from Southern Russia,
Central and Eastern European Jewish immigrants |
  |
1910 |
Saskatchewan Grain Growers
Association formed. |
  |
1911 |
1911-1916 His Royal Highness
Arthur William Albert, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn - Governor General of
Canada |
  |
1911 |
1911-1920 Sir Robert L.
Borden Conservative / Union Prime Minister of Canada |
  |
1911 |
An influx of Norwegian
immigrants to Willis (Parkside), Ordale, MacOuan (Canwood) Russthorn
(Robsart) |
  |
1911 |
Census shows larger centre
population at Moose Jaw is 13,822, North Battleford 2,106 Prince Albert
6,254, Regina 30,213 Saskatoon 12,004, Swift Current 1,852, Weyburn 2,210,
and Yorkton 264 |
  |
1911 |
Romania immigrants expand in
Southern Saskatchewan to Stonehenge and Elm Springs districts. |
  |
1911 |
Sk Cooperative Elevator
Company begins. |
  |
1911 |
Typhoid Epidemic |
  |
1911 |
University of Regina starts
out as Methodist College. |
  |
1912 |
L'Association Catholique,
Franco-Canadienne de la Saskatchewan S.C.R.C. formed in Duck Lake, Sk |
  |
1912 |
T. Easton's company, CPR
sell mail order homes, or $1 blueprints. |
  |
1912 |
Weekly Saskatoon newspaper
the Capital and Saskatoon Daily Star. |
  |
1913 |
1913-1918 Peter Veregin
takes Doukhobor dissidents on exodus to B.C.
Devil's Lake or South Veregin Colony and those around Blaine Lake
(part of the Saskatoon -P.A. colony ) remain |
  |
1913 |
Count Imhoff settles near
St. Walburg, Sk paints murals in churches of da Vinci, Rembrandt, Raphael
styling. |
  |
1913 |
Gold Amisk Lake mine |
  |
1913 |
Temperance movement to
Banish the Bar. |
  |
1913 |
There can be counted 115
Rural Municipalities; Weyburn applies to be incorporated as a City. Candahar
applies to be the Town of Kandahar. |
  |
1914 |
Merger of Canadian Northern
Railway CNoR and the Grand Trunk Pacific GTP into Canadian Northern Rail
lines. |
  |
1914 |
Naturalization Act. |
  |
1914 |
Swift Current applies to be
incorporated as a City. |
  |
1914 |
World War I begins. |
  |
1915 |
1915-1921 Sir Richard Stuart
Lake Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan |
  |
1915 |
Der courier German language
based newspaper out of Regina |
  |
1915 |
James Henderson Scottish
artist known for Qu'Appelle Valley paintings. |
  |
1915 |
Mora (Fir Mountain),
Glentworth, Kildeer, and MacWorth areas see Ukrainians from Russia settling
here. |
  |
1915 |
Saskatchewan government bans
alcohol with the liquor bill. Hotels
and Club licences to sell liquor are terminated, Government shops set up to
sell liquor. Then these closed up. |
  |
1915 |
There is immigration from
Norway to Norge, Lillestrom, Torquay, Rose Valley, Preeceville, areas. |
  |
1916 |
1916-1921 Victor Christian
William Cavendish, Duke of Devonshire - Governor General of Canada |
  |
1916 |
1916-1922 William Martin
Second Premier of Saskatchewan |
  |
1916 |
Manitoba School Attendance
Act declares English the language of schools.
Causes future migration west away from Manitoba for some immigrant
areas. |
  |
1916 |
Rural telephone lines work
on the party line, where 5 to 6 people are connected on one line, and can
overhear conversations. |
  |
1916 |
The Scott Government grants
women the right to vote. |
  |
1917 |
1917-1927 Fort San (The Fort
Qu’Appelle Sanatorium) was Saskatchewan’s first healthcare facility to combat
tuberculosis (T.B.) Treatment would be
quarantine of infected patients, rest, nutritional food, rehabilitation and
air, the ice-cold air of winter. |
  |
1918 |
Flu epidemic - Spanish
Influenza - sweeps America and Europe |
  |
1918 |
Questionnaire shows 27 Sk
schools teaching French, 71 schools teaching German, 37 schools teaching
Ruthenian |
  |
1918 |
There were established
throughout the grain growing region oil, gas kerosene stations, and coal
wood, stations. |
  |
1918 |
World War I ends. |
  |
1919 |
Lamson and Hubbard start
trading in Saskatchewan |
  |
1919 |
Soldier Settlement Act |
  |
1920 |
1920-1921 Arthur Meighen
Conservative Prime Minister of Canada |
  |
1920 |
1920s are very prosperous
prairie years. |
  |
1920 |
c1920-1948 In the 1920s
Maternity Homes were established where expectant mothers could stay until
their child could be delivered by doctor or midwife. |
  |
1920 |
Canada Colonization Company
formed to assist veteran WWI soldiers settle and
re-establish. 25,000 land grants awarded. |
  |
1920 |
From the late 1910's to
early 1930's. Roaring twenties. Bootlegging in the prohibition days. |
  |
1920 |
Menonites leave Manitoba, to
Saskatchewan. |
  |
1921 |
1921-1926 Julian Hedworth
George Byng, Baron Byng of Vimy - Governor General of Canada |
  |
1921 |
1921-1926 W. L. Mackenzie
King Liberal Prime Minister of Canada |
  |
1921 |
1921-1931 Henry William
Newlands Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan |
  |
1921 |
Farmer's Union of Canada
formed. |
  |
1921 |
Lignite Coal Mines around
Bienfait, Souris Valley district. |
  |
1922 |
1922-1926 Charles Dunning is
elected third Premier of Saskatchewan |
  |
1922 |
Radio is invented. |
  |
1923 |
Lamson and Hubbard traders
merge with Hudson Bay company |
  |
1923 |
Many immigrants using
breaking plow still, but some have been able to equip themselves with a
breaking plow or moldboard. Horses are
the main mode of transportation though a few may have model T car. The 1920's ushers in a 'good road
movement'. |
  |
1924 |
1924-1925 Typhoid hits
Regina, Sk. |
  |
1924 |
Canadian Co-operative Wheat
Producers Ltd. (Sask Wheat Pool) is established. |
  |
1925 |
1925-1981 Saskatoon
Tuberculosis Sanitorium |
  |
1925 |
Matt Anderson of Bulyea
campaigned for a health care system similar to that he had known in Norway. |
  |
1926 |
1926 Arthur Meighen Conservative Prime Minister of Canada |
  |
1926 |
1926-1929 James Gardiner 4th Premier |
  |
1926 |
1926-1930 W. L. Mackenzie
King Liberal Prime Minister of Canada |
  |
1926 |
1926-1931 George Freeman
Freeman-Thomas, Viscount Willingdon - Governor General of Canada |
  |
1928 |
Ethel Catherwood sets World
record in high jump |
  |
1928 |
Yorkton applies for City
incorporation. |
  |
1929 |
1929-1934 James Anderson 5th
Premier of Sk |
  |
1929 |
Saskatchewan Power
Commission to establish electricity rurally. |
  |
1930 |
1929-1938 Dirty Thirties,
drought, depression, Riding the Rails, population exodus, Bennett Buggy,
Anderson Chariot years. |
  |
1930 |
1930-1935 Richard B.
Bennett Conservative Prime Minister of
Canada |
  |
1930 |
1930-1940 start seeing the
abandoning of rails, increased mechanization, trucks, roads and highways. |
  |
1930 |
Farmer's Unity League
formed. |
  |
1930 |
Interconnection of
electrical transmission lines is beginning between larger centers. |
  |
1930 |
There are 104 movie theatres
in Saskatchewan. |
  |
1931 |
1931-1936 Hugh Edwin Munroe
Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan |
  |
1931 |
An eight foot single disc,
ten foot lever harrow, seed drill, and steel plow or breaking plow
(moldboard) may still be used. Some
better off outfits may be using open gear gas tractors which were available
since c 1915. |
  |
1931 |
Many Finnish Canadians from
the Steeldale, and Dunblane district leave to Petrozavodsk, Karelia -
"Karelian Fever" |
  |
1931 |
The School Act requires that
English is the language of schools in Saskatchewan |
  |
1934 |
1934-1935 James Gardiner is
elected to be the next Premier of Sk |
  |
1935 |
1931-1935 Vere Brabazon
Ponsonby, Earl of Bessborough - Governor General of Canada |
  |
1935 |
1935-1944 William Patterson
Premier of Saskatchewan. |
  |
1935 |
1935-1948 W. L. Mackenzie
King Liberal Prime Minister of Canada |
  |
1935 |
Finnish Canadians return to
Canada when Red Finland in Karelia failed. |
  |
1935 |
Prairie Farm Rehabilitaiton
Act. |
  |
1936 |
1936-1945 Archibald Peter
McNab Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan |
  |
1936 |
Canadian Broadcasting
Corporation, C.B.C. comes into being. |
  |
1936 |
Independent Revillon Freres
trading company merges with Hudson Bay Company. |
  |
1939 |
1939-1954
Doug Bentley b. Sept. 3, 1916 Delisle, Sk played 13 NHL seasons from
1939 to 1954. |
  |
1939 |
Diptheria Epidemic |
  |
1939 |
Granting homesteads
discontinued. |
  |
1939 |
Matt Anderson Bill
establishing health insurance districts in Saskatchewan |
  |
1939 |
Prairie Farm Assistance Act. |
  |
1939 |
Sudetan Germans seek refuge
at St. Walburg, Brightsand, and Loon Lake areas. |
  |
1939 |
World War II begins |
  |
1940 |
1935-1940 John Buchan, Baron
Tweedsmuir of Elsfield - Governor General of Canada |
  |
1940 |
1940-1954
Max Bentley "Dipsy-Doodle Dandy" b. Mar, 1, 1920 Delisle, Sk played 12 NHL seasons from
1940 to 1954. |
  |
1941 |
Moose Jaw, Prince Albert,
Regina, Saskatoon, Swift Current, Weyburn and Yorkton are centres over 5,000
residents. |
  |
1941 |
Out of a Saskatchewan
population of 895,992 there are 10,542 on electricity. |
  |
1941 |
Tractors used in farming. |
  |
1944 |
1944-1961 Tommy Douglas
Premier of Saskatchewan |
  |
1944 |
Mutual
Medical and Hospital Benefit Act.
This act sees a huge increase in the number of hospitals in the
province. |
  |
1945 |
1945-1945 Thomas Miller
Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan |
  |
1945 |
1945-1948 Reginald John
Marden Parker Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan |
  |
1945 |
1945-1997 Gordie Howe was born on Mar 31, 1928 in
Floral,
Sk playing 33 seasons between 1945-1947 |
  |
1945 |
Party telephone lines start
to be replaced by 'barbwire' phone lines which used the pasture fence line,
fence posts and insulators. |
  |
1945 |
World War II ends |
  |
1946 |
1940-1946 Augustus Alexander
George Cambridge, Earl of Athlone - Governor General of Canada |
  |
1946 |
Potash mining begins. |
  |
1946 |
Self propelled combine is
invented. |
  |
1946 |
Veteran's Land Act. |
  |
1947 |
Blizzard which lasts 10 days
hits southern Saskatchewan it created a snowdrift that was 1 km in length and
8 m in height which buried a train.
|
  |
1947 |
Canadian Citizenship Act. |
  |
1947 |
Chinese immigration Act
repealed May 1947 |
  |
1947 |
Oil boom hits Alberta |
  |
1947 |
Pull type combine is
invented. |
  |
1947 |
W.O. Mitchell a Weyburn
resident wrote "Who has See the Wind". |
  |
1948 |
1948-1951 John Michael
Uhrich Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan |
  |
1948 |
1948-1957 Louis S. St.
Laurent Liberal Prime Minister of
Canada |
  |
1950 |
After the this date there is
a rise in Hutterite Colonies in Saskatchewan. |
  |
1950 |
Korean War begins |
  |
1950 |
The era of one room
schoolhouses is changing to towns having "Composite" schools which
have merged rural schoolhouses into a larger multi classroom school
building. Bussing of children to these
schools is initiated as well. |
  |
1950 |
Vietnam War begins |
  |
1951 |
1951-1958 William John
Patterson Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan |
  |
1951 |
In the 1950's Rural
electrification is made available. |
  |
1952 |
1946-1952 Harold Alexander,
Viscount Alexander of Tunis - Governor General of Canada |
  |
1952 |
Green Lake Farming Co-op of
Indians and Métis. |
  |
1952 |
Polio Epidemic hits
Saskatchewan. |
  |
1953 |
Korean War ends. |
  |
1953 |
Salk invents Polio vaccine. |
  |
1954 |
"Fabulous
Fifties" see wing tipped cars, and
Television stations CKBI (1958), CKCK (1954) CFQC (1954) CJFB(1957),
CKOS (1958) |
  |
1957 |
1957-1963 John G.
Diefenbaker Progressive Conservative Prime Minister of Canada |
  |
1958 |
1958-1963 Frank Lindsey
Bastedo Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan |
  |
1959 |
1952-1959 The Right
Honourable Vincent Massey - Governor General of Canada |
  |
1959 |
1959-1968 South
Saskatchewan River Dam Project |
  |
1959 |
Late 1950's saw the
establishment of Hutterian Brethren.
Masefield area Colony and 20 miles South of Eastend. |
  |
1960 |
Following a decade which
ushers in road and automobiles, this
is one of the last years that milk delivery in cities is done by horse and
wagon. |
  |
1961 |
1961-1964 W.S. Lloyd Premier
of Sk |
  |
1961 |
Severe drought year. |
  |
1963 |
1963-1968 Lester B. Pearson
Liberal Prime Minister of Canada |
  |
1963 |
1963-1970 Robert Leith
Hanbidge Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan |
  |
1964 |
1964-1971 Ross Thatcher
Premier of Sk |
  |
1964 |
Joni Mitchell Saskatchewan
Folk Singer |
  |
1966 |
CKCK (1966) and CFQC (1967)
produce color television programming. |
  |
1966 |
Most areas of Saskatchewan
have voted to have Central Standard Time.
Lloydminster and Battle River areas use Daylight Savings Time. |
  |
1967 |
1959-1967 Major General The
Right Honourable Georges Philias Vanier - Governor General of Canada |
  |
1968 |
1968-1979 Pierre E. Trudeau
Liberal Prime Minister of Canada |
  |
1968 |
Saskatoon population is
120,000 |
  |
1969 |
Max Braithwaite Saskatchewan
Author |
  |
1970 |
1970-1976 Stephen Worobetz
Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan |
  |
1971 |
1971-1982 Allan Blakeney |
  |
1974 |
1967-1974 The Right
Honourable Roland Michener - Governor General of Canada |
  |
1975 |
Vietnam war ends. |
  |
1976 |
1976-1978 George Porteous
Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan |
  |
1976 |
Margaret Laurence wrote
"Where the World Began" an autobiography of her life on the
prairies. |
  |
1978 |
1978-1983 Cameron Irwin
McIntosh Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan |
  |
1978 |
Russian Jewish immigrants
arrive in Saskatoon |
  |
1979 |
1974-1979 The Right
Honourable Jules Léger - Governor General of Canada |
  |
1979 |
1979-1980 C. Joseph (Joe)
Clark Progressive Conservative Prime Minister of Canada |
  |
1980 |
1980-1984 Pierre E. Trudeau
Liberal Prime Minister of Canada |
  |
1982 |
1982-1991 Grant Devine
Premier of Sk |
  |
1983 |
1983-1988 Frederick William
Johnson Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan |
  |
1984 |
1979-1984 The Right
Honourable Edward R. Schreyer - Governor General of Canada |
  |
1984 |
1984 John N. Turner Liberal
Prime Minister of Canada |
  |
1984 |
1984-1993 M. Brian Mulroney
Progressive Conservative Prime Minister of Canada |
  |
1988 |
1988-1994 Sylvia Olga
Fedoruk Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan |
  |
1989 |
Southern Rails Cooperative
SRC is formed |
  |
1990 |
1984-1990 The Right
Honourable Jeanne Sauvé - Governor General of Canada |
  |
1990 |
1990-1998 Sandra Schmirler
b. July 11, 1963 Biggar, Sk world champion curler. |
  |
1991 |
1991-2001 Grant Devine
Premier of Sk |
  |
1993 |
1993 Avril P. (Kim) Campbell
Progressive Conservative Prime Minister of Canada |
  |
1993 |
1993-2003 J. J. Jean
Chrétien Liberal Prime Minister of Canada |
  |
1994 |
1994-2000 John E.N. Wiebe
Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan |
  |
1995 |
1990-1995 The Right
Honourable Ramon John Hnatyshyn - Governor General of Canada |
  |
1999 |
1995-1999 The Right
Honourable Roméo LeBlanc - Governor General of Canada |
  |
1999 |
1999 The Right Honourable
Adrienne Clarkson - Governor General of Canada |
  |
2000 |
2000- Lynda Maureen Haverstock Lieutenant
Governor of Saskatchewan |
  |
2001 |
Lorne Calvert Premier of Sk |
  |
2003 |
2003- Paul E. P. Martin Jr.
Liberal Prime Minister of Canada |
  |
2003 |
West Nile Virus Epidemic |
  |
2004 |
Corner Gas - Television
comedy set in fictional Saskatchewan town of Dog River, and filmed in
Rouleau, Saskatchewan |
  |
|
|
  |